Proceedings of the IMarEST Guidelines for Authors Marine Technical Notes

AIMS AND SCOPE The Proceedings of the IMarEST disseminate and report scientific, operational and applied research issues associated with the design, manufacture, operation, disposal, safety and environmental aspects of marine and offshore concepts, equipment and systems as well as the scientific and research advances associated with all aspects of the marine environment. There are three IMarEST proceedings; Journal of Marine Engineering and Technology, the Journal of Operational Oceanography and Marine Technical Notes. Marine Technical Notes The primary aim of the journal is to keep members informed of the latest practice, operational research, discussion and development taking place in the wider marine world. The areas of interest will include: Automation and control Ballast water Bearing and lubrication Boiler and heat exchangers Cargo handling and containment Charting Communication & Navigation Computing and IT Electrical and mechanical machines Electronics and power systems Environmental Assessment Fishing and aquaculture Forecasting Fuels and combustion Materials and corrosion Naval systems Noise and vibration Operational safety Operations Pipelines and pipelaying Pollution reduction and control Power transmission and distribution Propulsion systems Pumping and piping Refrigeration Renewable energy Robotics Salvage and safety Automation and control Ballast water Bearing and lubrication Boiler and heat exchangers Cargo handling and containment Charting Communication & Navigation Computing and IT Electrical and mechanical machines Electronics and power systems Environmental Assessment Fishing and aquaculture Forecasting Fuels and combustion

PREPARATION OF PAPERS/ NOTES a. b. c. Papers should be clear and concise. Both readers with specialist knowledge of the subject and those with only a general knowledge should be able to understand a paper. The narrative style should be objective, informal and impersonal and authors are encouraged to standardise their terminology throughout.

d. e.

Sources of information should be referenced, and extended extracts from previously published works should be avoided. It is recommended that an impartial opinion of a paper be sought (including suggestions for improvement) before it is submitted for consideration. All papers are refereed prior to publication.

IMAGES Line drawings and photos must be submitted at a minimum of 300dpi. Reproduction will only be in black and white. Figures should be separate from the text and in any of the following formats: - .jpg, .tif, .eps LENGTH OF PAPER Each paper must be complete and final when submitted. Papers submitted should contain a maximum of 6000 words and up to 10 figures/tables. Notes submitted should contain a maximum of 2000 words and up to 2 figures/tables. COPYRIGHT IMarEST requests that the copyright of all papers submitted for publication is assigned to IMarEST, except where there is a prior copyright claim, when it is requested that the IMarEST is granted licence to publish rights without charge. However, authors may at all times request permission from the Institute for use of the copyright. Authors are expected to give an undertaking that their papers have not been previously published in any language and that they will not permit them to be published elsewhere unless they are not accepted for publication by the IMarEST. The author must secure prior permission for any copyright material used in the paper and ensure such material is suitably acknowledged. In accordance with the terms and conditions of the Copyrights, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, the written consent of the publisher must be obtained before publishing more than a reasonable abstract of any paper published by the Institute. SUBMISSION OF MANUSCRIPTS Authors are requested to submit manuscripts by email, via the IMarEST website or on PC compatible CD. The text, captions and tables should be in Microsoft Word format. Manuscripts submitted on disk should be accompanied by a printed paper copy and include a note of the hardware and software used to create the figures. Documents should be submitted to: Dr David Bartle Proceedings Administrator Institute of Marine Engineering, Science and Technology 80 Coleman Street London EC2R 5BJ e-mail: mic@imarest.org

MANUSCRIPT FORMAT Manuscripts must conform to the format (inclusions and order) detailed below.

Title The title of the paper should be informative but concise. It should clearly indicate to the reader the subject matter under discussion. Authors Name and Designatory letters etc. The initials, surname, degrees, qualifications, honours and affiliations of the author(s) are required. These should be followed by the full name of the company(s) or institution(s) of the author(s). Synopsis The synopsis should be a concise 100-word summary of the paper summarising methods and conclusions. This is not an introduction. It should be recognised that the reader may not have a detailed knowledge of the subject. First person construction should not be used and references should be omitted. Authors biography This should be a brief summary (approximately 50 words) of the current work (including job title) and study/work history of the author(s). Main body of text The main text should be written in the third person (ie, this was done rather than I did this), and set out in logical sections in an orderly manner using three levels of heading, with each point explained as it is introduced. Please note that sections and paragraphs should not be numbered. Introduction The main body of the text should commence with an introduction, which describes the purpose of the paper and introduces the reader to the main subject matter, giving the reasons for writing the paper or undertaking the study reported. Where appropriate, the introduction may also be used to refer to earlier work undertaken on the subject. Equations When equations are used, they should appear consecutively in the text and be numbered. If they are referred to in the actual text, the word equation should be spelt out eg, see equation (1). Equations should preferably be set in MathType adopting factory settings. Units should be in SI with the exception of approved non-SI units of wide engineering, technical, meteorological or oceanographic usage. Footnotes As far as possible, footnotes should be avoided and the information written into the text. However, where this is not possible they should be kept concise. Footnotes should be identified by way of the following reference marks in this order: * Concluding section The main body of the text should end with a concluding section to bring the main text to a close. This should summarise the results/major findings of the work reported in the paper in a logical manner and should include any recommendations made by the author. Acknowledgements Acknowledgements should appear immediately after the conclusions and should briefly cite or acknowledge any specific help from individuals or organisations. Reference made in this section to individual people, companies or other associations would not be considered as advertisement.

References The references should appear immediately after the acknowledgements or conclusions (whichever is applicable). All references must be cited in the text in numerical order in superscript format. Those cited at the end of a sentence should come after the full stop. The full reference should then be added, in numerical order, to the References section. The IMarEST reference style for typical journal and book citations follows the general form given below. However, there are many exceptions and the IMarEST should be consulted if there is any confusion. For a journal article: References must consist of last name and initials of author (s). year of publication of journal. title of paper. full title of journal volume of journal (boldface), number of issue (only if required for identification and in brackets): and first and last page numbers of the paper. For example: 32. Poore GCB, and Rainer SF. 1974. Distribution and abundance of soft-bottom molluscs in Port Phillip Bay, Victoria, Australia. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 25: 371-411 For a book: References must consist of last name and initials of author (s). year of publication of book. title of book. publisher, city or country published. total number of pages. For example: 17. Kennish MJ. 2001. Practical handbook of Marine Science 3rd edition. CRC Press, Boca Raton. 876pp. Bibliography When an author wishes to list material not cited in the text, such as a list of articles or books for further reading, these should appear in a separate section entitled Bibliography, which should follow the references. Any material used for research etc should also be cited in the bibliography. Nomenclature A clear definition of all symbols/physical quantities that appear in the text should be listed in the nomenclature, which should appear after the conclusions, acknowledgements, references or bibliography (whichever is applicable). Appendices Appendices should be used for lengthy mathematical proofs and derivations, lists of machinery and any other material, which it is felt necessary to include but which would fit uneasily in the main body of the text. Number figures and cross-referencing in the text All figures must be numbered and cross-referenced consecutively as they appear in the text, eg, Fig 1, Fig 2, Fig 3, etc. Both photographs and line drawings must be included in the same number sequence. Figure Captions A clear and concise caption must be provided for every figure. Tables Tables must be clear and well spaced, with horizontal rules at the top and bottom separating column headings from column text, and, if applicable, footnotes from column text.

Numbering tables and cross-referencing in the text All tables must be numbered and cross-referenced consecutively, as they appear in the text, eg, Table 1, Table 2, etc. Table Captions A clear and concise caption must be provided for every table. STYLISTIC POINTS General Illustrations should be referred to as Fig and not Figure, both in the text and for captions. Do not put two spaces after a full stop. Only one space should separate new sentences, commas etc. Listed items Use numbers, i.e, 1, 2, and 3 for lists. Sub-divisions within numbered items should be identified by letters, ie, a, b, c. Sub-divisions within lettered items should be identified by Roman numerals, ie, i, ii. Each Arabic number/letter/Roman numeral should be followed by a full stop. The first letter of each item should be lower case if semi-colons are used at the end of each point. It should be uppercase if full stops are used at the end of each point. Numerals Numbers one to nine should be spelt out, unless they refer to unit measurements, eg, 5km. Numbers 10 and over should appear in numerals. No dots (other than decimal points) or commas should appear between any numbers and no spaces should occur between numbers, unless they exceed four digits, eg, 27 642, 100 000. Dates Dates should be set out in the following order: day, month, year, without punctuation, eg, 25 December 1969. The apostrophe should not be used for 1850s, 1950s, etc. Reference to a specific period in history should be written as; the 18th century etc. Periods of time should be written as; 1s, 1 min, 1h. Capital letters These should be used for titles, places, names etc. For titles, only the first letter of the first word appears in capitals, while the rest appears in the lower case. Italics Latin words and phrases which are not of common use in English should be italicised, eg, in situ et al. The names of genera or species, which are in Latin, should be italicised, eg, vertebrata. Ship names should always appear in italics, eg, Name of Ship, QM2. Italics may also be used for mathematical variables in equations. Quotation marks In the text, single quotation marks should be used for quotations, colloquialisms and titles. Double quotes should be used for quotes within quotes.

Abbreviations Abbreviations may be used but the titles should be given in full the first time that they appear in the text, with the abbreviation following in parentheses, eg, Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW). Units of measurement

SI units should be used but if the use of imperial units is unavoidable, then the equivalent SI unit should be given in parentheses. Units of measurement (eg, m for metre) are regarded as symbols and not as abbreviations. They never take the s for the plural or have dots after each letter. There is no space between the number and the unit of measurement eg, lm, lOkt. The Comma The comma is not generally used before and and or. The Hyphen The hyphen may be used: a. After prefixes such as non or self, eg, non-negotiable, self-explanatory. b. To clarify an expression using adjectives, adjectival nouns and nouns simultaneously, eg, a cold waterdrum would indicate a water-drum that was cold, not a drum for cold water. c. To indicate range in measurement, eg, 60-80kg, or time span, eg, 4-6h. Dots Dots should not be inserted between letters in abbreviations, symbols, initials, eg, USA, PR Smith, ie, eg, etc, kg. Spelling Americanisation of words, eg, using Zs as opposed to Ss, should be avoided. Geographical names Lower case initials should be used for sun, equator etc, points of the compass (north, east, south, west) and all terms that are not proper names. Initial capitals should be used for areas where there is a political division, eg, Western Australia, Europe, England, France etc, but lower case for north London, northern and southern hemispheres. Greek and Cyrillic symbols When used in units, Greek symbols should always be in Roman (upright), eg, m for micrometre, for ohm. Marks of omission To indicate omitted words three points separated are sufficient; eg, It was ... on Tuesday. SI UNITS Concept Length Mass Time Electric current Thermodynamic Temperature Symbol l m t I T Name of unit metre kilogramme seconds ampere kelvin Abbreviation M Kg S A K

Luminous Intensity Amount of Substance Plane angle Solid angle Area Volume Velocity Acceleration Density Mass rate of flow Volume rate of flow Moment of inertia Momentum Angular Momentum Force Torque (Moment of force) Work (Energy, Heat) Potential energy Kinetic energy Heat (Enthalpy) Power Pressure (Stress) Surface tension Viscosity, dynamic Viscosity, kinematic Temperature Velocity of light Permeability of vacuum Permittivity of vacuum Electric charge Electric potential (potential difference) Electric field strength(electric force) Electric resistance Conductance Electric flux Electric flux density (displacement Frequency Permittivity Relative permittivity Magnetic field strength

candela mole

Cd Mol Rad Sr m2 m3 m/s m/s2 kg/m3 kg/sec m3/s kgm2 Kg/ms kg/m2s N Nm J J J J W N/m2 N/m cP cSt C, K m/s H/m F/m C V V/m S C C/m2 Hz F/m At/m

,, etc , A,a V,v v,u a m,M V I P I F T,(M) W,(E) V T,(W) Q,(H) P P (,f) () , ,T C Q V E R G D F r H

radian steradian square metre cubic metre metre/second metre/second2 kilogramme/metre3 kilogramme/sec cubic metre/sec kilogramme metre2 kilogramme metre/sec kilogramme metre2/sec newton newton metre joule joule joule joule watt newton/metre2 newton/metre centipoise centistokes degree Celsius, kelvin metre/second henry/metre farad/metre coulomb volt volt/metre ohm siemens coulomb coulomb/metre2 hertz farad/metre amp turn/metre

Magnetic flux Magnetic flux density Permeability Relative permeability Mutual inductance Self inductance Capacitance Reactance Impedance Susceptance Admittance Total voltamperes Reactive voltamperes Power factor Luminous flux Illumination Wave height Wave number Wave frequency Angular frequency Gravitational acceleration Coriolis parameter Buoyancy frequency Thermal expansion coefficient Salinity Wind Stress

r M L C X Z B Y S Q pf H g f N S

weber tesla henry/metre henry henry farad ohm ohm siemens siemens volt amp volt amp reactive lumen lux metres reciprocal metres Cycles per seconds/Hertz radians per sec metres per second reciprocal seconds

Wb T H/m H H F S S VA VAr Pf Lm Lx M /m Hz Rad/s m/s2 /s

Practical salinity units metres per second

Psu m/s

IMarEST PREFERRED SPELLINGS AND ABBREVIATIONS Acceleration (metre/s per second squared) Admiral Air cushion vehicle Alternating current Anchor handling tug Amp(s) Area (metre/s squared) Barrels a day Billion Bottom dead centre Captain Carbon dioxide Cathode ray tube Cathodic protection Centistoke m/s2 Adml ACV ac AHT A m2 b/d billion BDC Capt CO2 crt CP cSt

Commander Commodore Containership Controllable pitch propeller Crude oil washing Current (direct) Current (alternating) Deadweight tonnes) Degrees (angular) (temperature Celsius) (temperature Kelvin) Diameter Draft (ship) Economic continuous rating Emergency support vessel Engine room Engine speed (revolutions per minute) Fixed pitch propeller Floating production system (vessel) Floating production, storage and offloading system Flow (in litres per hour/second Forty foot equivalent unit Fuel consumption Global positioning system Grams High pressure Horsepower Hour Inches Intermediate pressure Joule(s) Kilo Kilogram(s) Kilowatt(s) Knots Low pressure Lubricating oil

Cdr Cmdr one word cpp COW dc ac dwt deg C K dia draught ecr ESV two words rev/min fpp or fp propeller FPS FPSO litre/h or litre/s FEU g/kWh GPS g HP hp h in IP J k kg kW kt LP lube oil

Marine diesel oil Maximum continuous rating Mean effective pressure Mega Metre(s) per second Miles per hour Milli Million Minutes Newton(s) Newton metre(s) force pressure Nitrogen oxides

MDO mcr mep M m/s miles/h m M min N N/m N/m2 NOx

Offshore, onboard, onshore Offshore Pollution Liability Agreement Offshore support vessel Ohm(s) Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries Parts per million Per annum Per cent Power (horsepower) Power take off Pressure Program (computer only) Programme (all other instances) Remotely operated vehicle Research and development Revolutions per minute Roll on roll off

one word OPOL OSV ohm OPEC ppm pa % kW hp pto bar program programme ROV R&D rev/min ro-ro

Safe working load Seawater, seabed, shipowner Seconds(s) Single anchor leg mooring Single buoy storage Single point mooring Single steel drilling caisson Single well oil production system Specific fuel oil consumption

SWL one word s SALM SBS SPM SSDC SWOPS sfoc

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Tonne(s) deadweight displacement gross gross registered Top dead centre Twenty foot equivalent (container) Ultra large crude carrier Underwater habitat United Kingdom continental shelf Velocity (metre(s) per second) Very large crude carrier Very large ore carrier Volt(s) Watt(s)

t dwt t displ gt grt TDC TEU ULCC UWH UKCS m/s VLCC VLOC V W

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