Ted 24 Xii

Information
Base Station System Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241 II

A30808-X3247-M22-5-7618
Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241 II
Information Base Station System
Important Notice on Product Safety

DANGER - RISK OF ELECTRICAL SHOCK OR DEATH - FOLLOW ALL INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS. The system complies with the standard EN 60950 / IEC 60950. All equipment connected to the system must comply with the applicable safety standards. Hazardous voltages are present at the AC power supply lines in this electrical equipment. Some components may also have high operating temperatures. Failure to observe and follow all installation and safety instructions can result in serious personal injury or property damage. Therefore, only trained and qualified personnel may install and maintain the system.
The same text in German: Wichtiger Hinweis zur Produktsicherheit LEBENSGEFAHR - BEACHTEN SIE ALLE INSTALLATIONSHINWEISE. Das System entspricht den Anforderungen der EN 60950 / IEC 60950. Alle an das System angeschlossenen Gerte mssen die zutreffenden Sicherheitsbestimmungen erfllen. In diesen Anlagen stehen die Netzversorgungsleitungen unter gefhrlicher Spannung. Einige Komponenten knnen auch eine hohe Betriebstemperatur aufweisen. Nichtbeachtung der Installations- und Sicherheitshinweise kann zu schweren Krperverletzungen oder Sachschden fhren. Deshalb darf nur geschultes und qualifiziertes Personal das System installieren und warten.
Caution:
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with EN 301489. Its class of conformity is defined in table A30808-X3247-X910-*-7618, which is shipped with each product. This class also corresponds to the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the relevant standards referenced in the manual Guide to Documentation, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. For system installations it is strictly required to choose all installation sites according to national and local requirements concerning construction rules and static load capacities of buildings and roofs. For all sites, in particular in residential areas it is mandatory to observe all respectively applicable electromagnetic field / force (EMF) limits. Otherwise harmful personal interference is possible.
Trademarks: All designations used in this document can be trademarks, the use of which by third parties for their own purposes could violate the rights of their owners.
Copyright (C) Siemens AG 2006.

Issued by the Communications Group Hofmannstrae 51 D-81359 Mnchen Technical modifications possible. Technical specifications and features are binding only insofar as they are specifically and expressly agreed upon in a written contract.
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Reason for Update

Summary: Fifth Edition for Release BR 8.0 Details: Chapter/Section All Reason for Update Revision to unicate the descriptions of BTSE
Issue History
Issue Number 1 2 3 4 5 Date of issue Reason for Update
01/2005 04/2005 07/2005 11/2005 03/2006
First Edition for New Release BR 8.0 Second Edition for Release BR 8.0 Third Edition for Release BR 8.0 Fourth Edition for Release BR 8.0 Revision to unicate the descriptions of BTSE
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This document consists of a total of 72 pages. All pages are issue 5.
Contents
1 1.1 1.2 1.3 2 2.1 3 3.1 3.2 3.2.1 3.2.2 3.2.3 3.2.4 3.3 3.3.1 3.3.2 3.3.3 3.3.4 3.3.5 3.4 3.4.1 3.4.2 3.4.3 3.4.4 3.4.5 3.4.6 3.4.7 3.5 3.5.1 3.5.2 3.5.3 3.5.4 3.5.5 3.5.6 3.5.7 3.5.8 3.5.9 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Overview of the Functionality - Main Features of BS-240/241 II. . . . . . . . . 10 Technical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Hardware Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Rack Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Module Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Core Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Core Basis (COBA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Core Satellite (COSA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Core Link Extension (COREXT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Core Redundancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Carrier Related Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Carrier Units (CU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . GSM Carrier Unit (GCU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . EDGE Carrier Unit (ECU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Flexible Carrier Unit (FlexCU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Carrier Unit Output Power Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Combining Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Duplexer Amplifier Multicoupler (DUAMCO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Flexible Duplexer Amplifier Multicoupler (FDUAMCO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Co-Amplifier Multicoupler (COAMCO8) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dual Integrated Amplifier Multicoupler (DIAMCO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tower Mounted Amplifier (TMA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Filter Combiner (FICOM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . High Power Duplexer (HPDU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Power Supply Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AC/DC System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Backup Battery (BATTPACK) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AC/DC Panel (ADP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DC Mains Supply Unit (MSU:DC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AC Mains Supply Unit (MSU:AC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DC and Battery Controller (DCBCTRL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DC Panel (DCP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DC Link Equipment Breaker Panel (DCP:LEBREAK) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alarm Collection Terminal Bords (ACTC, ACTP, ACTM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . Abis Connection (ABISCON) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overvoltage Protection and Tracer (OVPT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Abis Link Equipment (LE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fan Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Heater Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 23 25 26 26 27 28 29 29 29 29 30 31 32 32 32 33 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 38 39 40 41 41 42 43
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4 4.1 4.2 4.2.1 4.2.1.1 4.2.1.2 4.2.2 4.2.3 4.2.4 4.2.5 4.2.6 4.2.7 4.3 5 6
Configurations and Antenna Combining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Examples of Possible Cell Configurations in the BTSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Functionality of Combining Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 FDUAMCO / DUAMCO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 DUAMCO Specials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 FDUAMCO Specials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 COAMCO8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 DIAMCO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 TMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 FICOM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 HPDU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Diplexer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Combiner Losses (TX Path) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 FCC Issues (for U.S. Market only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
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Illustrations
Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19 4.20 4.21 BS-240 II Indoor (Base Rack) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BS-241 II Outdoor (Base Rack) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Functional Blocks of the BS-240/241 II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BS-240 II Base Rack and 2 Extension Racks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BS-241 II Base Shelter and 2 Extension Shelters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Possible Configuration of Service1A-Rack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Possible Configuration of Service2-Rack. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BS-240/241 II Equipped with 5 Racks/Shelters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Connection of Core Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Example of a Configuration with COBA4P12 and COREXT . . . . . . . . . FlexCU Double TRX Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FlexCU Single TRX Mode Fourfold Receive Diversity Mode . . . . . ABISCON and OVPT (100/120 ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Multi-cell (3,3,2): with 3 DUAMCO 4:2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Multi-cell (3,3,2): with 2 DUAMCO 4:2 and 1 DUAMCO 2:2 . . . . . . . . . Single-cell (8,0,0): with FICOM and DIAMCO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Single-cell (8,0,0): with 2 DUAMCO 4:2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Multi-cell (2,2,2): with 3 DUAMCO 2:2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FDUAMCO Configuration 2:2 or 4:2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Configuration 8:2 with FDUAMCO and COAMCO8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Single-cell (11...16,0,0): FICOMs, DIAMCOs and HPDUs in 2 Racks. . DUAMCO 2:2 Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DUAMCO 4:2 Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DUAMCO 8:2 Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FDUAMCO Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . COAMCO8 Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . COAMCO8 with FDUAMCO in 4:2 mode (= 8:2 mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . DIAMCO Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TMA (Single) Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TMA (Dual) Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FICOM 8:1 Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HPDU 8 TRX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HPDU 8 TRX with DUBIAS and TMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Configuration with Diplexer (Example) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 25 27 30 31 40 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 52 53 53 55 56 57 59 60 61 63 64 65 66
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Tables
Tab. Tab. Tab. Tab. Tab. Tab. Tab. Tab. Tab. Tab. 1.1 1.2 3.1 3.2 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 5.1 5.2 Technical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Frequency Bands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Main Units and Modules (Overview) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Carrier Unit Output Power Level (Typical and Guaranteed Values) . . . . 31 Insertion loss of DUAMCOs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Insertion loss of FDUAMCOs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Insertion loss of FICOMs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Insertion loss of HPDU and TMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Max. RF Output Power Values (ECU/FlexCU 850) at Antenna Port . . . 69 Max. RF Output Power Values (ECU/FlexCU 1900) at Antenna Port . . 70
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1 Introduction
1.1 General
The architecture of the BS 240/241 II provides maximum flexibility to develop highest capacity BTSs with reduced volume per TRX and an expanded number of 48 TRXs in 3 racks. The BS-240/241 II is an evolution of the BS-240/241 product line. The modifications represent the latest state of technology while maintaining the outstanding RF performance and conserving backward compatibility with existing SIEMENS SBS systems. The BS-240/241 II represents the new mainline of the Siemens base stations. The modular design principle with a low number of different modules ensures easy installation, commissioning and operating, as well as low training costs and maintenance expenses with a minimal spare parts pool required. The advanced technology guarantees low operational costs and an optimum economy of scale. Homogenous service throughout the network is assured by common BTS Software running on all the platforms. Any operation for rack extension or TRX substitution doesnt involve service interruption. Software-driven redundancy for core, power supply and broadcast channel modules offer highest reliability and enable hot swapping of modules. The modular architecture and the flexible internal structure enable the BS-240/241 II to provide new GSM features such as EDGE (Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution) and SDMA (Space Division Multiple Access). This platform ensures that network evolution is as smooth as possible. Software-driven redundancy for core, power supply and broadcast channel modules offer highest reliability end enable hot swapping of modules without service interruption. The provision of a full spectrum of combining equipment allows high power and minimized number of antennas. High receiver sensitivity is also guaranted.
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1.2
Overview of the Functionality - Main Features of BS-240/241 II

Casing variants: Indoor version: BS-240 II Outdoor version: BS-241 II Minimum conguration: DC-supplied BS-240 II/BS-241 II: one base rack/shelter AC-supplied BS-240 II/BS-241 II: one base and one service1A rack/shelter. Maximum conguration: 3 racks/shelters with an entire quantity of 48 carriers (1 base and 2 extension) 4 service racks/shelters housing power supply modules, battery backup and line equipment (1 service1A and 3 service2 racks/shelters) Cell congurations: Up to 6 cells per rack Up to 12 cells per BS-240/241 II Concentric omnicell: one cell with inner and complete supply area Concentric multicells: multicell with several sectors plus inner supply area Frequency congurations: Single band (GSM 850, GSM 900, GSM 1800 and GSM 1900) Dual band (see below) Mixed cell conguration to enlarge GSM 900 cells with GSM 1800 frequencies, or GSM 850 cells with GSM 1900 frequencies Single cell Multi cell Dual band congurations: GSM 900 and GSM 1800 GSM 850 and GSM 1900 Frequency Hopping Synthesizer frequency hopping Baseband frequency hopping
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Combining options: Antenna combining with duplexers (DUAMCO, FDUAMCO and COAMCO) for up to 8 carriers with RF amplifier and multicoupler for the RX path Antenna combining for the TX path with lter combiners (FICOM) for up to 8 carriers per antenna Antenna combining for the RX path with amplifying multicouplers (DIAMCO) for up to 24 carriers Duplexing of RX and TX path with high power duplexer (HPDU) Mixed congurations of cells/sectors applying all types of carrier units: normal carrier units (CU and GCU), EDGE carrier units (ECU) and exible carrier units (FlexCU) Trafc Channels: Fullrate (FR) Halfrate (HR) Enhanced fullrate (EFR) Adaptive multirate codec (AMR) Services: GPRS HSCSD EDGE Redundancy: Support of core redundancy Support of BCCH redundancy Support of n+1 power supply redundancy Abis interface congurations: Star, cross connect, loop and multidrop configurations are possible Change of PCM line conguration from star to multidrop or loop and vice versa is possible without any interruption of service External Abis link media can be connected via E1/T1: Wire Fiber optic Microwave
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1.3
Technical Data
BS-240 II (indoor) rack BS-241 II (outdoor) shelter
Characteristics Type of casing Dimensions base rack (H x W x D)
1600 mm x 600 mm x 450 mm 1750 mm x 700 mm x 650 mm (53 x 2 x 16) (59 x 24 x 22) (incl. Plinth) 432 l 24 (48 with FlexCU) 24 1295 W with CU 1845 W with ECU 2420 W with 8 FlexCU 1200 W with CU 1720 W with ECU 2300 W with 8 FlexCU ca. 190 kg (419 Lbs) ca. 190 kg (419 Lbs) ca. 264 kg (582 Lbs) ca. 490 kg (1080 Lbs) -5 C to +45 C (23 F to +113 F) 705 l 796 l (incl. Plinth) 24 (48 with FlexCU ) 24 1375 W with CU 1970 W with ECU 2600 W with 8 FlexCU 1275 W with CU 1840 W with ECU 2475 W with 8 FlexCU ca. 240 kg (529 Lbs) ca. 240 kg (529 Lbs) ca. 314 kg (692 Lbs) ca. 540 kg (1190 Lbs) -33 C to +50 C (-27 F to +122 F) with installed heater only
Volume net Max. TRX per BTSE (in more than one rack) Max. TRX per cell (in more than one rack) Typical power consumption base rack
Typical power consumption extension rack
Weight of base rack in typical configuration Weight of extension rack in typical configuration Weight of service1A rack in configuration: AC/DC; F:Battery 1x (type A400/85) Weight of service2 rack in configuration: F:Battery 3x (type A400/85) Temperature range
Tab. 1.1
Technical Data
Frequency-Band GSM 850 P-GSM 900 E-GSM 900 R-GSM 900 GSM-RE 900 GSM-PS 900 GSM 1800 GSM 1900 Tab. 1.2 Frequency Bands (Primary GSM) (Extended GSM) (Railway GSM) (GSM Railway Extension) (P-GSM Shifted to E-GSM)
Uplink (MHz) 824 - 849 890 - 915 880 - 915 876 - 915 876 - 901 880 - 905 1710 - 1785 1850 - 1910
Downlink (MHz) 869 - 894 935 - 960 925 - 960 921 - 960 921 - 946 925 - 950 1805 - 1880 1930 - 1990
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2 Hardware Architecture
The BS-240/241 II is designed to achieve commonality of boards to serve both GSM 850, GSM 900 with its different deviates (GSM 1800, GSM1900) and standards selected for mobile communication systems. Fig. 2.1 shows the indoor base rack. Fig. 2.2 shows the outdoor base rack .
Fig. 2.1
BS-240 II Indoor (Base Rack)
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13
Fig. 2.2
BS-241 II Outdoor (Base Rack)
The BTS functional blocks of the BS-240/241 II are shown in Fig. 2.3
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Cell 0
Base Rack
TMA TX
CC-Links
OASI Abis 2 PCM O V Ext. Sync. P 2 PCM T Sync. O 4 PCM V P T
DUAMCO
TMA Cell 1
RX RXDIV
CU 0
COBA
TMA H DUBIAS P D U
TX
FICOM
RX
Abis
CU 7
COSA to next ext. rack
RXDIV ACTC DIAMCO ACTM FAN
TMA Cell 1 RXCA0 RXCA1 TX RX RXDIV CU 0
DCP
Extension Rack
FICOM
TX RX RX Cascading DIAMCO RXDIV CU 7
CAN BUS
RXDIV ACTC FAN
ACTP
DCP
Service Rack
AC/DC
DCP
LE 0
LE 1
DCBCTRL
ACTC FAN
ACTP
BATTERY
Fig. 2.3
Functional Blocks of the BS-240/241 II
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15
Legend: AC/DC ACP ACTC ACTM ACTP CAN COBA COSA CU DCBCTRL DCP DIAMCO DUAMCO FICOM HPDU LE TMA
AC/DC converter AC Panel Alarm Collection Terminal Connection Alarm Collection Terminal Master for base rack/shelter (optional) Alarm Collection Terminal Processor for extension and slave rack/shelter Controller Area Network Core Basis Core Satellite Carrier Unit DC and Battery Controller DC Panel DI(2) Amplifier Multicoupler Duplex Amplifier Multicoupler Filter Combiner High Power Duplexer Link Equipment Tower Mounted Amplifier
The architecture of BS-240/241 II provides maximum flexibility to develop large and small BTSs. The main communication between the modules is provided by means of bi-directional serial links (CC-links) between the carrier units and the core modules. These CC-links handle the entire communication between BTSE core and carrier units basedband frequency hopping is also supported by these links. All alarms, besides the alarms generated in the COBA and in the carrier units, are transported via the CAN bus. Alarms of the carrier units are transmitted via CC-link, the COBA uses the interface bus. The carrier unit provides all analog and digital signal processing including an RF power stage necessary to process a single carrier (e.g. GSM 8 TCHs). The carrier unit(s) interface with the combining equipment on the one side and with the core modules on the other. The core modules provide functions common to all carriers within the BTSE (e.g. clock generation, O&M processing,...) as well as LAPD processing for the carriers.
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2.1
Rack Conguration
The BS-240/241 II family, with 8 transceivers per rack, is expandable up to 24 transceivers (48 with FlexCU) in 3 racks and can be supplied in two versions: a BS-240 for indoor installation a BS-241 for outdoor installation There are 4 different types of rack: Base rack/shelter (with core modules) Extension rack/shelter (for more then 8 carrier units) Service1A rack/shelter (with AC/DC modules) Service2 rack/shelter (for LE and batteries) It is possible to connect up to 3 racks/shelters together (1 base rack, 2 extension racks; the more possible racks/shelters called service rack/shelter are not part of a rack extension in the proprietary sense) that realizes then the performance of a 24 TRX BTSE as shown in Fig. 2.4 and Fig. 2.5:
SIEMENS
DC-PANEL ACT-C FAN 0 ACOM 0 ACOM 1 FAN 1
BS-240
SIEMENS
DC-PANEL ACT-C FAN 0 ACOM 0 ACOM 1 FAN 1 ACOM 2
BS-240
SIEMENS
DC-PANEL ACT-C FAN 0 ACOM 0 ACOM 1 FAN 1 ACOM 2
BS-240
ACOM 2
ACOM 3
ACOM 3
ACOM 3
FAN 2 CU 2 CU MUCO 0 MUCO 1 3
FAN 3 CU 6 CU 7 CU 2
FAN 2 CU 3
FAN 2 CU 3
FAN 3 MUCO 1 CU 6 CU 7
FAN 4 * CU 0 CU 1 COBA COSA COBA COSA 0 0 1 1
FAN 5* CU 4 CU 5 CU 0
FAN 4* CU 1
MUCO 0
MUCO 1
FAN 5* CU 4 CU 5 CU 0
FAN 4* CU 1
MUCO 0
FAN 5* CU 4 CU 5
* not present in case of BTSE with reduced number of fans
Fig. 2.4
BS-240 II Base Rack and 2 Extension Racks
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SIEMENS
DC-PANEL ACT-C FAN 0 CU 0 CU 1 COBA COSA COBA COSA 0 0 1 1 FAN 1 CU 4
BS-241
SIEMENS
DC-PANEL ACT-C FAN 0 FAN 1 CU 4
BS-241
SIEMENS
DC-PANEL ACT-C FAN 0 FAN 1 CU 4
BS-241
CU 5
CU 0
CU 1
CU 5
CU 0
CU 1
CU 5
FAN 2 CU 2 CU MUCO 0 MUCO 1 3
FAN 2 CU MUCO 0 MUCO 1 3
FAN 2 CU 3 MUCO 0 MUCO 1
FAN 3 CU 6 CU 7
FAN 4* ACOM 0 ACOM 1
* not present in case of BTSE with reduced number of fans
Fig. 2.5
BS-241 II Base Shelter and 2 Extension Shelters
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The service rack (see Fig. 2.6 and Fig. 2.7 for possible configuration) satisfies various applications depending on number of carrier units configured and/or number and kind of network termination equipment provided and the battery backup time required.
Fig. 2.6
Possible Configuration of Service1A-Rack
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Fig. 2.7
Possible Configuration of Service2-Rack
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On the digital side there is an extension of the CC-links (connection between core backplane and the carrier units not housed in the base rack) and the CAN bus. Fig. 2.8 shows the a possible configuration. The base rack and the extension racks can be located physically in any position.
Service2 Rack
Service1A Rack
Base Rack
Extension Rack Extension Rack
Fig. 2.8
BS-240/241 II Equipped with 5 Racks/Shelters For the BS-241 II outdoor cabinet only one type of the shelter exists to be used for all outdoor base shelter, extension shelters, service1A and service2 shelters. BS-241 II - DC (DC-supplied version of BS-241 II) The shelter of this BTSE version are externally DC-supplied; in this application only using a service2 rack without service1A rack.
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3 Module Description
3.1 Overview
Name COBA COSA COREXT CUx GCUx ECUx FlexCU DUAMCO2x DUAMCO4x DUAMCO8x FDUAMCO (x:2 mode) DIAMCOx FICOMBx FICOMXx TMAx HPDUx COAMCO8 ACTC (part of DC-Panel) ACTM ACTP AC/DC DCBCTRL ABISCON OVPT Core basis Core satellite Core link extension board Carrier units F-V* no Remarks Up to 8 PCM lines with COBA and COSA equipped (COBA and COSA can be equipped only in the base rack/shelter). CU, GCU, ECU and FlexCU can be equipped in the base and extension racks/shelters. Antenna system modules can be equipped in the base and extension racks/shelters. DIAMCO, FICOM and HPDU are not available for the GSM 1900 band. DUAMCO / FDUAMCO and HPDU working in shifted primary GSM 900 band are available. A DIPLEXER can be used in all cases where GSM 900 and GSM 1800, GSM 1900 and GSM 850, feeder cables have to be installed in parallel. ACTC is equipped in every rack/shelter. ACTM can be equipped in the base rack/shelter. ACTP is equipped in every rack/shelter. AC/DC controller used for AC power and supervision of the ACDC converter can be equipped in the service1A racks/shelters. 100 / 120 balanced line; 75 coaxial line. The OVTP is an optional feature. ABISCON can be installed as alternative to the OVPT. Link equipment can be equipped in service1A and service2 racks/shelters. Cover parts have to be inserted if the respective active module is not needed in a configuration. Cover parts are mandatory to force air flow through modules plugged and avoid bypassing
yes
yes Duplexer 2:2 Duplexer 4:2 Duplexer 8:2 Flexible duplexer Dual integrated multicoupler Filter combiner (base) Filter combiner (extension) Tower mounted amplifier High power duplexer Co-Duplexer and Multicoupler Extension for 8:2 Alarm Collection Terminals no
AC/DC converter DC battery controller Abis connection module Overvoltage protection and tracer.
no
no
LE Cover Parts: CP:ACOM CP:CU CP:ACDC CP:DIAMCO CP:COBA, COSA CP:ACT
Abis link equipment
no no
*) The column F-V provides the information whether the module is frequency-variant or not. Tab. 3.1 Main Units and Modules (Overview)
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Name Battery Backup Battery systems
F-V* no
Remarks Up to 2 battery systems can be equipped in the service1A rack/shelter and up to 3 in the service2 rack/shelter. Fans cool the modules inside the rack/shelter. Heater can be equipped in all types of shelters.
Fan Heater
Fan unit Single Heater
no no
*) The column F-V provides the information whether the module is frequency-variant or not. Tab. 3.1 Main Units and Modules (Overview)
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3.2
Core Modules
Core modules include COBA board, COSA board and COREXT board. Core redandancy is possible (see Core Redundancy on page 28). The core can consist either of: up to 2 boards (without redundancy): COBA/COSA or COBA/COREXT up to 4 boards (with redundancy): 2 pairs of COBA/COSA or COBA/COREXT The core modules have the following tasks inside of the BTSE: local controlling of the entire BTSE generation of system clocks providing of up to 8 Abis-interfaces (PCM30/24) to BSC or other BTSEs routing of Abis data to up to 48 carrier units providing an interface to the internal system alarm providing an interface to the LMT/OMT providing a serial interface (OASI) for an external TMU/LMU handling and processing of O&M-messages Core boards have a common backplane. The connection of the core modules with the OVPT/Abis-interface and the carrier units is done via cables, which are plugged into the backplane.
Base rack OVPT CU Extension rack CU
COBA
COSA
COBA red. COSA red.
Abis 2/4 6/4
Abis
Abis
Abis
Abis CUs 8/12 8/6 8/6
CC-Link
CC-Link
CC-Link
CC-Link
other interfaces
Fig. 3.1
Connection of Core Modules
Hot plug-in: A Hot Plug-in of COBA and COSA is possible. This means, that these boards can be plugged in/out with voltage switched on without disturbing other HW inside the rack/shelter (no loss of data on other boards) and without destroying other boards. After the plug-in of a core board, this board is in reset state and all bus drivers of external busses are in tristate. These drivers will be enabled not before initialization of the devices, which serve the external busses.
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3.2.1
Core Basis (COBA)

The COBA is the central board of the core. The main components of this board are the base core controller, the advanced clock generation, the serial link interface controller that manage the external interface towards the carrier units, the PCM30/24 Abis interfaces, the internal system alarm interface and also an interface to one satellite board (COSA) to expand the BTSE. The COBA has to be installed in the base rack/shelter. Types of COBA: M:COBA2P8V2 M:COBA4P12V1 supports 2 PCM lines supports 4 PCM lines
Name convention for COBAs and COSAs: The first digit gives the number of Abis-interfaces, the following letter gives the kind of Abis-interface (e.g. P for PCM30/24), and the following number gives the number of carrier-unit-interfaces (CC-links). For example: COBA2P8 means 2 PCM30/24 Abis-interfaces and 8 carrier-unit-interfaces. COBA4P12 means 4 PCM30/24 Abis-interfaces and 12 carrier-unit-interfaces. The base core controller maintains the software of all BTSE units in FLASH-EPROMs, monitors the software download, and terminates all internal system alarms. Beside the O&M functions, the controller handles the signalling messages between the BSC (Abis) and carrier units (CC-link). The ACLK generates the system specific timing signals that are distributed by the CC-link to the carrier units. The cross connect feature is supported. To provide this feature, additional core modules are required: With COBA2P8: A COSA6P16 must be installed additionally. With COBA4P12: Either a COSA4P12 or a COREXT must be installed additionally. Core redandancy is possible (see Core Redundancy on page 28). Fault propagation through dependent modules If a failure occurs in the COBA, the entire BTSE is out of operation. In case of a COBA failure all active calls are lost.
3.2.2
Core Satellite (COSA)

The main task of the COSA board is to increase the number of the PCM30/24 Abis interfaces and CC-links of the COBA. A COBA4P12 in combination with a COSA4P12 makes the cross connect functionality available. If more than 8 carrier units have to be provided the installation of a COSA board becomes necessary. The COBA only provides the carrier units of the base rack/shelter. The COSA is responsible for those in the extension racks/shelters. Therefore, a COSA is always required for a configuration with extension racks/shelters even if the total number of carrier units in the BTSE is not larger than 8. The COSA extends the configuration by 6 Abis ports and 16 CC-links for 16 further carrier units. In the configuration with COBA and COSA, the BTSE can support max. 8 PCM lines and max. 24 carrier units. The COSA is controlled via a satellite interface (32 bit data) by the COBA and receives the working-clock from the COBA.
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The COSA is an optional module and has to be installed in the base rack/shelter. Types of COSA: COSA6P16 COSA4P12 COBA2P8 extension with 6 Abis links and 16 CC-links COBA4P12extension with 4 Abis links and 12 CC-links
i
3.2.3
For name convention see note at COBA description.
Core Link Extension (COREXT)

The COREXT board is an extension in case more than 2 PCM30/24 Abis interfaces or 8 CC-links (8 carrier units) shall be used with a COBA4P12. Together with a COBA4P12, the cross connect functionality is available. The COREXT board is an optional module and can be installed alternatively to a COSA board inside the COSA slot in the base rack/shelter. The COREXT board connects 4 carrier unit ports and 2 Abis ports located at the COBA4P12 board via core backplane to the appropriate interfaces. Two external Abis (PCM) lines are connected directly to the COREXT board. These Abis (PCM) lines are routed to the COBA4P12. The COREXT is a passive board without a DC supply interface. Type of COREXT: COREXTV1 COBA4P12 extension with 2 Abis links and 4 CC-links
Combiner
CU
CU
CU
CU
CU
CU
CU
CU
CU
CU
CU
CU ACT
COREXT
COBA 4P12
2x Abis
2x Abis LMT
CAN
Fig. 3.2
Example of a Configuration with COBA4P12 and COREXT
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3.2.4
Core Redundancy
Redundancy in the SBS ensures survival of the system even in the event of multiple failures. Modular architecture, in conjunction with the concept of split functions, guarantees maximum survivability with a minimum of additional hardware. To fulfill the core redundancy aspects, a redundant COBA can be installed. It works in standby mode. In case of a serious fault to the active COBA, the redundancy algorithm switches over the passive one. One of the COBAs is active and one passive. The passive one is waitung for its activation in case of a failure within the active core. Both cores (#0 and #1) have link interfaces to the Abis lines, but only one (the active core) is connected. If the core consists of a combination of COBA and COSA or COBA and COREXT modules, each of these modules must be installed twice. Both the active and the passive core have links to the carrier units. In reverse, each carrier unit is linked with both cores. The traffic data are transmitted transparently through the active core. Signal processing takes place only within the carrier units. The redundancy interface is realised as a 2 Mbit/s HDLC link which provides a communication interface between the two main microprocessors. The ACLK of the active core is connected with the one on the passive core. It allows the passive ACLK to be synchronized to the active one.
i i
With core redundancy, a mixed configuration with COBA2P8 and COBA4P12 in the same BTSE is not allowed. Redundancy is implemented in a cold-standby mode, i.e., all calls will get lost if a core switch over occurs. Fault propagation through dependent modules in case of core redundancy The redundant implemented COBA is a cold one (that means: no data synchronization between the two COBAs). When the system switches to the cold COBA, all the active calls are lost.
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3.3
Carrier Related Modules

The carrier unit takes care of all carrier oriented tasks. In the uplink (UL) direction, two or four RF signals (diversity) are received and finally converted into TRAU frames and signalling data. In the downlink (DL) direction, TRAU frames and signalling data are received from the core and converted into a GMSK or 8PSK modulated RF signal, which is amplified to the desired power level. Different types of carrier related modules can be used: carrier units (CUs and GCUs), EDGE carrier units (ECUs) and flexible carrier units (FlexCUs). Each carrier unit can be replaced by another without any additional hardware change. An ECU is similar to a GCU but with the additional support of 8PSK modulation. It converts the signalling and traffic data into a GMSK or 8PSK modulated signal. A FlexCU is a complete two-carrier unit and its two TRX can be congured independently, e.g. into different sectors; GMSK and 8PSK modulated signals are supported. CU, GCU, ECU and FlexCU modules may be installed in any kind of mixed configurations. For the typical and the guaranteed values of RF output power level see page 31.
3.3.1
Carrier Units (CU)

The CU is a carrier unit variant which supports GMSK modulation. There are different variants of CUs for the several frequency bands GSM 900, GSM 1800 and GSM 1900 (refer also to Tab. 3.2).
3.3.2
GSM Carrier Unit (GCU)

The GCU is a carrier unit variant that supports GMSK modulation. There are different variants of GCUs for the frequency bands GSM 900 and GSM 1800 (refer also to Tab. 3.2).
3.3.3
EDGE Carrier Unit (ECU)

The EDGE carrier unit (ECU) can support EDGE functionality in uplink and downlink. In downlink direction, the signalling and traffic data are received from the core and converted into GMSK or 8PSK modulated signals which are amplified to the desired power level. With the introduction of EDGE it is possible to mix EDGE and non EDGE timeslots on the same carrier. There are different variants of ECUs for the several frequency bands GSM 850, GSM 900, GSM 1800 and GSM 1900 (refer also to Tab. 3.2). The mechanical design of ECU is identical to that of all other CU versions; it is therefore hardware compatible and fits into all BTSE racks/shelters.
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3.3.4
Flexible Carrier Unit (FlexCU)

The FlexCU is a complete two-carrier unit with the same dimension and based on the ECU. Its two TRX can be configured independently, e.g. into different sectors. The FlexCU either acts as two independent ECUs or as one carrier unit with four receivers, the so called fourfold receive diversity mode. To improve the downlink in fourfold receive diversity mode it is recommended to activate the feature Transmission Diversity Time Delay. In uplink direction four RF signals are received and converted into traffic and signalling data. In downlink direction traffic and signalling data are received and converted into two GMSK or 8PSK modulated signals which are amplified to the desired power level. By using FlexCUs instead of other carrier units the number of carriers within the existing rack(s)/shelter(s) can be doubled. This is an ideal solution to double the capacity of BTSEs, an advantage not only for footprint restricted BTS sites. A working FlexCU requires about 30% less power than two ECUs. As soon as a TRX is idle, it is switched off. With this enhanced power saving mode the overall power consumption of an idle FlexCU (both TRX in idle state) is only appr. 40 Watt. The FlexCU supports all frequency bands: GSM 850, GSM 900, GSM 1800 and GSM 1900. There exists one type for each frequency band (refer also to Tab. 3.2). FlexCU Operation Modes FlexCUs may operate in two different modes: the double and the single TRX mode. The double TRX mode is the default configuration of a FlexCU, with full support of MCS-1 to MCS-9 in uplink and downlink. It functions like 2 independent ECUs with complete twofold EDGE TRX functionality: Each of both transceivers shows a full-equipped main receiver and diversity receiver.
Combiner(s) TX0 RX-a RX-b TX0 TX1 RX-c RX-d TX0 RX-N0 RX-Div0 TX1 RX-N1 RX-Div1 Signal Processing
Fig. 3.3
FlexCU Double TRX Mode
The so called fourfold receive diversity mode is the single TRX mode in which the FlexCU functions as one carrier unit with four receivers. If transmit diversity is enabled, this mode is automatically activated. The four receivers of the FlexCU are fed by 4 independent antennas via one (F)DUAMCO together with one DIAMCO. The TX path is fed via the (F)DUAMCO to 2 of the 4 antennas. The fourfold receive diversity mode enhances the receiver sensitivity of the BTSE. The doubled number of the RX paths leads to an enhanced diversity gain.
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Combiner(s)
TX0 RX-a RX-b TX0 TX1 RX-c RX-d
TX0 RX-N RX-Div0 TX0 RX-Div1 RX-Div2
Signal Processing
Fig. 3.4
FlexCU Single TRX Mode Fourfold Receive Diversity Mode
3.3.5
Carrier Unit Output Power Level

The typical and the guaranteed values of RF output power level per TRX are listed below for CUs, GCUs, ECUs and FlexCUs, dependent on its frequency bands and modulation types (GMSK and 8PSK). The values in Watt are rounded.
Frequency Band
Carrier Unit Type
Typical RF Output Power GMSK dBm Watt 54 54 37 54 37 68 68 68 54 68 54 68 68 50 50 50 50 8PSK dBm -----46.3 46.3 46.3 45.3 45.3 45.3 45.3 45.3 44.0 44.0 44.0 44.0 Watt -----43 43 43 34 34 34 34 34 25 25 25 25
Guaranteed RF Output Power GMSK dBm 47.0 47.0 45.4 47.0 45.4 48.0 48.0 48.0 47.0 48.0 47.0 48.0 48.0 46.7 46.7 46.7 46.7 Watt 50 50 35 50 35 63 63 63 50 63 50 63 63 47 47 47 47 8PSK dBm -----46.0 46.0 46.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 43.7 43.7 43.7 43.7 Watt -----40 40 40 32 32 32 32 32 23 23 23 23
CU/GCU GSM 900
CUGV3 / V4 GCUGV2
47.3 47.3 45.7 47.3 45.7 48.3 48.3 48.3 47.3 48.3 47.3 48.3 48.3 47.0 47.0 47.0 47.0
GSM 1800
CUDV3 / V4 GCUDV2
GSM 1900 ECU GSM 850
CUPV4 ECU850HPV2 ECU850V3 / V3A
GSM 900 GSM 1800
ECUGV3 / V3A ECUDV2 ECUDHPV3 / V3A
GSM 1900
ECUPV2 ECUPHPV2 ECUPHPV3 / V3A
FlexCU
GSM 850 GSM 900 GSM 1800 GSM 1900
FCU850V1 FCUGV1 FCUDV1 FCUPV1
Tab. 3.2
Carrier Unit Output Power Level (Typical and Guaranteed Values)
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3.4 i
Combining Modules
Combining modules are RF-dependent modules. It is possible to implement DUAMCO/FDUAMCO modules of different frequency bands, but: All combining equipment in a cell must support the same frequency range (that means either GSM 850, or GSM 900, or GSM 1800, or GSM 1900).
3.4.1
Duplexer Amplifier Multicoupler (DUAMCO)

The DUAMCO consists of two identical modules. Each of the DUAMCO modules combines the transmit and receive paths to one antenna connector. It splits the receive signal to be used in the carrier units and serves as a duplexer unit, which provides filtering functions for both RX and TX paths and low noise amplification for the RX path. For each frequency band different versions of DUAMCO are available. Different DUAMCO versions provide different functionalities: a DUAMCO 2:2 module connects one carrier to one antenna a DUAMCO 4:2 module connects up to 2 carriers to one antenna a DUAMCO 8:2 module connects up to 4 carriers to one antenna it is possible to install up to 4 DUAMCO 2:2 or DUAMCO 4:2 and up to 2 DUAMCO 8:2 respectively in one rack/shelter.
DUAMCOs of different versions have a different TX attenuation. The DUAMCO is equipped with complete TMA interfaces for DC supply and signalling. For more information about the DUAMCO please refer to page 50. Fault propagation through dependent modules Each amplifier of the DUAMCO RX path (LNA) consists of two parallel branches. If only one branch of one amplifier has a failure, the amplifier will reach lower sensitivity and generates a warning. The operation continues with performance degradation. If more than one branch of the whole amplifier chain is faulty, the corresponding path of the receiver will not be ready for operation. The connected carrier units lose one of their RX paths (normal or diversity path). The operation continues without diversity feature. If a carrier unit loses both RX paths, it will be set out of operation.
3.4.2
Flexible Duplexer Amplifier Multicoupler (FDUAMCO)

The FDUAMCO is the successor of the DUAMCO. It consists of two identical modules, which each combine the transmit and receive paths to one antenna connector. Each FDUAMCO module may be jumpered in the following modes: 2:2 mode 1 carrier is fed to the antenna port 4:2 mode 2 carriers are combined and fed to the antenna port Within each cell/sector the same mode of the FDUAMCO shall be installed. The FDUAMCO is equipped with complete TMA interfaces for DC supply and signalling. For more information about the FDUAMCO please refer to page 50.
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3.4.3
Co-Amplifier Multicoupler (COAMCO8)

The COAMCO8 consists of two identical modules. The COAMCO8 is used in combination with a FDUAMCO in 4:2 mode to provide an 8:2 configuration (see Fig. 4.14), so four carriers are combined and fed to the antenna port. A COAMCO8 is available for GSM 850/900 MHz or GSM 1800/1900 MHz. For more information about the COAMCO8 please refer to page 56.
3.4.4
Dual Integrated Amplifier Multicoupler (DIAMCO)

The DIAMCO is an optional module for antenna multicoupling and is required for the RX signal path in FICOM configurations and special DUAMCO configurations. The DIAMCO is required to implement two cells/sectors with RX diversity in a base or extension rack/shelter. For the uplink direction, a DIAMCO module is used to split the RX antenna signal into several receiver inputs. The DIAMCO is equipped with complete TMA interfaces for DC supply and signalling. For more information about the DIAMCO please refer to page 56. Fault propagation through dependent modules Each amplifier of the DIAMCO RX path (LNA) consists of two parallel branches. If only one branch of one amplifier has a failure, the amplifier will reach lower sensitivity and generates a warning. The operation continues with performance degradation. If more than one branch of the whole amplifier chain is faulty, the corresponding path of the receiver will not be ready for operation. The connected carrier units lose one of their RX paths (normal or diversity path). The operation continues without diversity feature. If a carrier unit loses both RX paths, it will be set out of operation.
3.4.5
Tower Mounted Amplifier (TMA)

The TMA is an optional module and connects the antenna with the BTSE in order to amplify the receive signal. The configuration with TMA is advantageous because the system sensitivity will not be degraded by feeder cable loss. One TMA is needed for every created RX path of (F)DUAMCO and / or DIAMCO installed and not cascaded. There are 2 kinds of TMA: the "single TMA" (GSM 850, GSM 900) and the "dual TMA" (GSM 1800, GSM 1900). ,
If the TMA is used together with a HPDU, a BIAS-T (DUBIAS) for powering and signalling of the TMA is required. For more information about the TMA please refer to page 60. Fault propagation through dependent modules The TMA watches its LNA by monitoring the DC current and generates an alarm message towards (F)DUAMCO/DIAMCO. The connected (F)DUAMCO/DIAMCO generates an alarm to O&M in case of malfunction. LEDs on the front panel of the (F)DUAMCO/DIAMCO show the state of each TMA. Each green LED indicates that the DC for the TMA is OK and each red LED gives notice of a faulty TMA if the BTSE is configured for TMA.
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The LNA consists of two parallel branches. If only one branch has a failure, the amplifier reaches lower gain and the connected (F)DUAMCO/DIAMCO will generate a warning towards the O&M. Operation continues with performance degradation. In case that both branches fail, the amplifier will be bypassed by the Fail save switch. The connected (F)DUAMCO/DIAMCO generates an alarm message towards the O&M. The red LED in the (F)DUAMCO/DIAMCO of the concerned TMA is switched on, and the multicoupler device will be switched into AMCO mode automatically. The operation continues with minor performance degradation. If a TMA is installed, the (F)DUAMCO/DIAMCO works in MUCO mode and only the second amplifier of the RX chain is active. If both branches of the TMA fail, Fail Save Compensation will take effect. The TMA connects the antenna directly to the (F)DUAMCO/DIAMCO and the (F)DUAMCO/DIAMCO receives a message to switch over into AMCO mode. In AMCO mode both amplifiers become active and the attenuation switches off. The connected carrier units continue their operation with minor performance degradation. Only a POWER ON/RESET or a software reset can terminate the state of Fail Save Compensation.
3.4.6
Filter Combiner (FICOM)

With a FICOM it is possible to combine up to 8 frequencies in the downlink direction (TX) in one rack/shelter. For the uplink direction (RX), the DIAMCO has to be used to filter and distribute the received signals to the carrier units. FICOMs advantage is the very low insertion loss. The FICOMs are implemented for two different frequency bands: R-GSM 900 and GSM 1800.
Name convention for FICOMs: The first part gives the number of carriers (= 2 * number of modules), the second part gives the minimum frequence distance between these carriers in KHz. For example: FICOM4/600 means 4 carriers with a minimum frequence distance of 600 KHz. For more information about the FICOM please refer to page 62.
3.4.7
High Power Duplexer (HPDU)

The HPDU combines the TX path and the RX path to one antenna, in order to minimize the number of antennas when FICOM is used. The HPDU contains a duplex filter for the transmit frequency band and for the receive frequency band, but no Low Noise amplifier in the RX path. The HPDUs are implemented for three different frequency bands: P-GSM 900, GSM-PS 900 and GSM 1800. Up to two HPDU can be integrated on top of the rack/shelter below the cover and up to two HPDU could fit in the gap between the inner side wall and the frame in the rack/shelter.
If the TMA is used together with a HPDU, a BIAS-T (DUBIAS) for powering and signalling of the TMA is required. For more information about the HPDU please refer to page 64.
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3.5
3.5.1
Power Supply Modules

AC/DC System
An AC/DC system is required if the BTSE is supplied by AC mains. The AC/DC rectifier module converts the AC mains voltage (nominal AC input voltage: 230 V) into the -48V DC supply voltage. The AC/DC system consists of one or two frames housed in the service1A rack/shelter. One AC/DC frame contains: up to 6 AC/DC modules (n+1 for optional redundancy) one controller board (DCBCTRL) for battery supervision, AC/DC supervision, alarm interface frame with AC distribution, DC Distribution, signal distribution between AC/DCs and controller board via backplane The AC/DC system has integrated fans to force the cooling airflow through the rectifier modules. The tasks of an AC/DC module are the supply of all -48V consumers within the BTSE and the generating of alarms in case of AC mains or module failures. The AC/DC system tasks are in detail: output supplying all -48V-consumers within the BTSE; input supplying of 230V AC 1-phase system for the world market and 208V AC 2-phase system (208V phase to phase) for the U.S. market. supplying external equipment with -48V charging and supervising of different backup battery types supervising AC/DCs, batteries and alarm messaging switching off DC outputs (AC/DCs as well as battery) in case of under and over temperature hot plug-in/out of AC/DC modules The AC/DC and the backup batteries work as an Uninterruptable Power Supply system (UPS). AC/DC modules work in load sharing "n+1", but n AC/DC are able to supply the whole BTSE (redundancy concept). A local AC/DC supervision and management system has been implemented which is accessible via RS232 interface and external PC. The AC/DC-System has external alarm outputs to be connected via wire to the ACTC. The nominal DC output power of one AC/DC module is 1600W for +50C (+122F) ambient temperature environment.
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3.5.2
Backup Battery (BATTPACK)

The backup battery guarantees continuous operation for a certain time in case of main breakdown or AC/DC failure. Backup batteries are mandatory for AC-supplied systems and must be installed in the service racks/shelters. All battery systems connected to one AC/DC system should have the same capacity. The capacity of the backup battery can be increased by additional batteries in separate service2 racks/shelters. Emergency Operation The backup time of each BTSE can be increased by using the Emergency Operation feature. To hold the BTSE in operation mode for an extended time, it is necessary to switch over to Emergency Configuration after a user-defined time. In this mode, none or only operator defined TRX remain in operation. All TRX, which are not part of the emergency configuration, are switched off. The core modules and optional transmission equipment are supplied with DC voltage until low voltage detection circuit (LVD relay) disconnects the backup battery from system load. If enabled, a second timer counts for another user-defined time. With its expiration, all modules are switched off, except the core modules. This means Zero Configuration.
3.5.3
AC/DC Panel (ADP)

An AC/DC Panel (ADP) is required for the connection of the BTSE to the AC supply line, to the internal battery (if applied) and to the optional batteries of the service2 rack/shelter. The AC/DC Power Distribution Panel is integrated into the service1A rack/shelter and consists of the following main components: AC breakers for the AC phases AC service socket 230V with fault current protection (4A nominal current) and 120V with fault current protection (15A) for 115V/207V Version DC breakers for base and extension racks/shelterss, for all service2 racks/shelters and all LE in the service1A rack/shelter, for fan units, for the ACTC module, for other AC/DC-Panels Alarm Collection Terminal (ACTC) (except ADP-2Vx) Battery breakers for AC/DC-Panels High-current clamp terminals for DC supply of other racks/shelters and for battery lines The DC lines (-48 V, 0 V) of the base/extension/service2 rack/shelter will be connected to clamp terminals at the front-panel of ADP. One ADP-2 is required for the service1A rack/shelter with a suitable mounting kit for the AC application.
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3.5.4
DC Mains Supply Unit (MSU:DC)

The MSU is located at the EMI-Panel (BS-240 II) or into the plinth below the EMI-Panel (BS-241 II). The MSU:DC provides the lightning protection (optional feature), the EMI-filter, and the terminal clamps for the external DC cable (-48V, 0V). The lightning protection element indicates fault conditions on an alarm output (Lightning Protection Alarm LPA) which is linked to the Alarm Collection Terminal (ACTC). The upgrade kit for lightning protection comprises the OVP element, the upgrade cable kit and the LPA connection cable. One MSU:DC has to be installed in each BS-240 II rack (base/extension/service2) and BS-241 II shelter (base/extension) respectively. For BS-240 II MSU:DC 50A, 80A or 100A are available. Also a MSU:BASV4 (120A-MSU for Basic Set; optional with lightning protection) can be installed. If ECUs or FlexCUs shall be installed, MSU:DC 50A modules are not permitted. For BS-241 II a MSU:DC 120A must be used for base and extension shelters.
i i
3.5.5
Lightning protection is mandatory if DC cables with a length of more than 10m are applied. A mix of MSU:AC and MSU:DC in one BTSE is not permitted.
AC Mains Supply Unit (MSU:AC)

The MSU:AC contains the terminal clamps for connecting the external AC supply lines, the EMI filter, and optional the lighting protection element. The lightning protection element indicates fault conditions on an alarm output (Lightning Protection Alarm LPA) which is linked to the Alarm Collection Terminal (ACTC). One 3-phase MSU:AC (type MSU:AC3PH or MSU:BASV2) has to be installed in the service1A rack/shelter. In all other racks/shelters, the cover part CP:MSU has to be installed. If lightning protection is required and not included in the MSU module, suitable upgrade kits for lightning protection are available.
A mix of MSU:AC and MSU:DC in one BTSE is not permitted.
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3.5.6
DC and Battery Controller (DCBCTRL)

Each power supply sub-rack has its own DC and Battery Controller (DCBCTRL) module. It indicates the status of the power supply system with LEDs. The DCBCTRL modules of the various power supply systems cannot be interchanged vice versa. The DCBCTRL supervises the AC/DC modules and the DC outputs of the AC/DC system. In detail it performs the following functions: Supply of all -48V consumers with DC power Load On / Off Battery On / Off Charging of battery backup system Monitoring of battery current Monitoring of load voltage range and battery voltage range Monitoring of rack and battery temperature ranges and switching off the DC power in case of over- or under-temperature Interface for alarm signals (external/internal) DIP switch for selecting the AC/DC sub-rack address and the battery capacities of the connected battery system CAN Bus system interface A serial data link (RS-232) is provided to download the DCBCTRL set-up data (like temperature thresholds for cold-start and the nominal battery capacity of the connected battery systems).
3.5.7
DC Panel (DCP)
The DC panel is used for distribution of the -48V supply voltage to the modules and integrates the DC breakers to protect the DC power lines. The DC panel is situated in each base and extension rack/shelter. Single breakers are dedicated to the carrier units, the core modules, the combiners, the fans, the ACTP. The DC panel contains also the ACTC module. In addition, 2 connectors (LMT and ethernet connector) are integrated into the front cover of the DC panel. These connectors are linked to the COBA module.
3.5.8
DC Link Equipment Breaker Panel (DCP:LEBREAK)

The DCP:LEBREAK (LE breaker panel) is required only if installation of LE is foreseen. The LE breaker panel provides the distribution of the 48V supply voltage to the modules within the service racks/shelters and integrates the required DC breakers (each 25A max.) for the different circuits. The LE breaker panel provides slots for up to 8 DC breakers in service1A rack/shelter and up to 6 DC breakers in service2 rack/shelter, which may be used for connecting of the LE modules. The LE breakers can be plug-in during installation of link equipment at the BTSE site. At the front of panel, the high-current clamp terminals are located for connecting the DC supply 10 lines (-48 V, 0 V).
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The Alarm Collection Terminal module (ACTC) is also integrated into the LE breaker panel assigned to service2 rack/shelter. The ACTC module is capable for collecting up to 8 cabinet alarms, and the alarms generated by fan units, lightning protection alarm (LPA/OVP), and rack door open sensor.
3.5.9
Alarm Collection Terminal Bords (ACTC, ACTP, ACTM)

The ACTC is installed once in each rack/shelter (part of the DC-Panel or AD-Panel or LE-Panel) to collect all internal alarms. In the base rack/shelter , the ACTC is directly connected to the COBA. In all other racks/shelters the ACTC is connected to the ACTP. In each extension and service rack/shelter, an ACTP module has to be installed. It has inputs for 16 discrete alarm lines: rack door alarm, fan alarms, temperature alarms and internal cabinet alarms, which can be defined by the operator. On customer request, in the base rack/shelter an ACTM module can be installed. Additionally to the 16 internal rack alarms collected with ACTC, 48 inputs are available with ACTM, which can be freely used for external alarms and commands. To protect the signal lines of the ACTM against overvoltage an EAP unit (for all lines) or OPEXAL modules (for up to 10 lines each) are available.
The ACTM is mandatory if more than 8 external site alarms shall be applied. The ACTC board provides connectors (4 pins) for DC supply (-48 V) and alarm interface to: Fan units Location Measurement Unit (LMU) with 48V DC supply only, but no alarm interface The board also provides connectors (2 pins) for alarm interface to: Rack Door Open sensor (RDO) Smoke sensor Lightning Protection Alarm (LPA, also called OVP) For rack alarms, a 24-Pin terminal clamp is used. Fault propagation through dependent modules In case the ACTC fails during operation, the BTSE continues the operation.
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3.6
Abis Connection (ABISCON)

The ABISCON is an optional module. Alternatively to the ABISCON an OVPT module is available. The ABISCON is located at the ABIS interface. The Abis connection module provides the interface between the rack/shelter and the peripheral Abis cables. The Abis connection module also provides the feature for monitoring the Abis lines. The module is located outside the EMI shielding. The board performs the following tasks: support of 75 coax or 100 /120 balanced lines provision to connect external monitoring equipment without interruption; The lines are de-coupled in order to prevent distortions.
Up to 2 PCM lines are supported with COBA2P8 module. Up to 4 PCM lines are supported with COBA4P12 module. Up to 8 PCM lines are supported with COBA2P8 plus COSA6P16 installed or COBA4P12 plus COSA4P12. In case 8 PCM lines shall be supported, a second ABISCON or OVPT needs to be installed.
up link lines down link lines terminals for external PCM cables
monitoring interfaces
Fig. 3.5
ABISCON and OVPT (100/120 )
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3.7
Overvoltage Protection and Tracer (OVPT)

The OVPT is an optional module and can be installed as alternative to the ABISCON module. The OVPT is located at the ABIS interface. The OVPT is responsible for protection of the PCM24/PCM30 ports of the Abis interface and the external synchronization clock input of the BTSE against overvoltage. Additionally the OVPT provides interfaces to connect PCM tracers without interruption for monitoring the Abis lines. The OVPT is located outside the EMI shield to terminate possible overvoltages before they enter the EMI protected area inside of the rack/shelter. The board performs the following tasks: lightning protection of PCM lines lightning protection of the external synchronization clock provision to connect external monitoring equipment without interruption; The lines are de-coupled to prevent distortions. support of 75 coax or 100 /120 balanced lines For an apperance of an OVPT see Fig. 3.5.
Up to 2 PCM lines are supported with COBA2P8 module. Up to 4 PCM lines are supported with COBA4P12 module. Up to 8 PCM lines are supported with COBA2P8 plus COSA6P16 installed or COBA4P12 plus COSA4P12. In case 8 PCM lines shall be supported, a second ABISCON or OVPT needs to be installed.
3.8
Abis Link Equipment (LE)

The LE is an optional module and acts as a front end to provide the Abis interface. Different equipment can be used for wire, radio or optical transmission depending on customer requirements. If radio transmission is required, microwave equipment can be used. Direct connections of the PMC30/24 links are also possible. If a link equipment is available at the telecommunications site, no additional link equipment is necessary. If the BTSE is installed away from a telecommunications site, the link equipment can be installed inside the BTSE. For connection of LE to external interfaces (Abis links), there are cable entries available. The number of LE that can be installed depends on the height of the LE.
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3.9
Fan Unit
The fan unit produces a sufficient airflow to cool the installed modules. In order to keep both the acoustic noise and the power consumption of all fans at the lowest level possible, the fan speed is temperature controlled via an integrated (internal) sensor. Furthermore, each fan delivers a Fan good or Fan bad signal. The signal is collected by the ACTC and processed by the COBA in the base rack/shelter and by ACTC in extension and service racks/shelters. Mandatory fan units: 6 fan units must be installed into each: BS-240 II base or extension rack BS-241 II base or extension shelter 2 fan units must be installed into each: BS-240 II service1A rack BS-241 II service1A/service2 shelter Optional fan units: 2 additional fan units shall be installed into the BS-240 II service1A rack if there are provided more than 6 HU for LE (> 600 W). 2 fan units shall be installed into the BS-240 II service2 rack if there is provided any HUs for LE. 4 fan units shall be installed into the BS-240 II service2 rack if there are provided more than 12 HUs for LE (> 1 kW). A mixed configuration of fan types is permitted.
If at least one FlexCU is installed, fan units FANV6 or FAN-NIVx must be used in all CU sub-frames.
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3.10
Heater Unit
The heater is an optional unit for outdoor use, thus only available for BS-241 II. The tasks of the heater are to preheat the ingested air and to warm up the shelter, if the temperature inside the shelter is below the specified operating temperature range of the integrated modules. If ambient temperatures below -5 C are expected, each sub-rack needs one heater unit. During cold start, only the heaters and the DCBCTRL board are supplied. All other modules remain off. They are switched on as soon as the shelter temperature is higher than +5 C. For an AC-supplied BTSE an AC-heater has to be used. Temperature dependent switching on/off is done by integrated switches. For a DC-supplied BTSE the DC-heater has to be used. The switching on/off function is done by the TMB (Temperature Management Board). The TMB board also controls the temperature dependent switching on/off of the entire shelter. The temperature control units of base and extension shelter operate independently. For each shelter one heater is needed. Fault propagation through dependent modules If the heater is faulty, the BTSE will operate as long as the temperature inside the shelter stays within defined operating range. If the temperature falls below the lower threshold of the defined range, the AC/DC converters and the backup battery are switched off and the BTSE goes down. If the internal temperature rises into the defined operating range again, the BTSE starts automatically with operation.
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4 Congurations and Antenna Combining

4.1 Examples of Possible Cell Congurations in the BTSE
Most frequently used configurations: 3/3/2 with duplex combining 8/0/0 with lter and duplex combining 2/2/2 with duplex combining FDUAMCO 2:2 and 4:2 conguration FDUAMCO / COAMCO8 8:2 conguration
CELL 0
CELL 1
CELL 2
DUAMCO 4:2 RX TX RX TX RX TX
DUAMCO 4:2 RX TX RX TX
DUAMCO 4:2 RX TX
CU0 CU1 CU2
CU3 CU4 CU5
CU6 CU7
Fig. 4.1
Multi-cell (3,3,2): with 3 DUAMCO 4:2
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CELL 0
CELL 1
CELL 2
DUAMCO 2:2 RX TX
CU0 CU1 CU2
CU3 CU4 CU5
CU6 CU7
Fig. 4.2
Multi-cell (3,3,2): with 2 DUAMCO 4:2 and 1 DUAMCO 2:2
FICOM Base Module TX
FICOM FICOM FICOM Expansion Expansion Expansion Module Module Module
DIAMCO RX
DIAMCO RX
CU0 CU1 CU2 CU3 CU4 CU5 CU6 CU7
Fig. 4.3
Single-cell (8,0,0): with FICOM and DIAMCO
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CELL 0
DUAMCO 4:2 RX TX
CU0 CU1
CU2 CU3
CU4 CU5
CU6 CU7
Fig. 4.4
Single-cell (8,0,0): with 2 DUAMCO 4:2
CELL 0
CELL 1
CELL 2
DUAMCO 2:2 RX TX
CU0 CU1
CU2 CU3
CU4 CU5
Fig. 4.5
Multi-cell (2,2,2): with 3 DUAMCO 2:2
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Fig. 4.6
FDUAMCO Configuration 2:2 or 4:2
RX 0..3
TX 0/1
RXdiv4..7
TX 2/3
RX 4..7 TX 4/5
RXdiv0..3 TX 6/7
Fig. 4.7
Configuration 8:2 with FDUAMCO and COAMCO8
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HPDU TX - Filter FICOM Base Module TX RX - Filter
DIAMCO RX
DIAMCO RX
CU0 CU1 CU2 CU3 CU4 CU5 CU6 CU7
RACK 0
HPDU TX- Filter FICOM Base Module TX RX - Filter
DIAMCO RX
DIAMCO RX
CU8 CU9 CU10CU11 CU12 CU13CU14 CU15
RACK 1
Fig. 4.8 Single-cell (11...16,0,0): FICOMs, DIAMCOs and HPDUs in 2 Racks
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4.2
Functionality of Combining Modules

In order to serve cells with different carrier numbers and antenna configurations, certain combinations of combining modules are required. These configurations provide the necessary performance in a cost effective way. With respect to the downlink, a trade off exists between the number of antennas and the insertion loss for a given carrier number. Increasing the antenna number decreases the downlink insertion loss introduced by hybrid combining of carriers to one antenna port.
4.2.1
FDUAMCO / DUAMCO
The (F)DUAMCO (flexible duplexer amplifier multicoupler) modules contain duplex filters in order to combine the transmit and receive paths to one antenna connector. The receive and transmit part of the duplex filter, respectively, provide the substantial part of the receive and transmit band filtering required by GSM 05.05, 11.21 and JTC J-STD-007. The (F)DUAMCO represents one LRU. The type of (F)DUAMCO required depends on the carriers to be combined to the antenna system. Its modules can be assigned to the same cell or to different cells.
The frequency band of the (F)DUAMCO must correspond to the frequency band of the concerning cell to be served. The (F)DUAMCO consists of two (identical) modules and a common part. Each module contains a duplex filter which combines the RX and the TX path together, to be fed to a common antenna. Each RX path consists of: the low noise amplier (LNA), 2 branches an attenuator a power splitter a cascade output The LNA ensures a low system noise figure and consists of two branches. In case of malfunction of one amplifier, the RX gain of the (F)DUAMCO decreases by about 6 dB. The power splitter distributes the received signal to the carrier units. A splitting factor of 4 is implemented in order to feed up to four TRX. Each TX path consists of: an isolator for the TX input an antenna supervision unit (ASU) for DUAMCO 4:2 and DUAMCO 8:2: a hybrid coupler for FDUAMCOs: a jumper for combining mode setting The isolator for the TX input protects the power amplifiers (PAs) inside the carrier units from each other in order to assure the required inter-modulation suppression. The (F)DUAMCO detects a VSWR alarm and generates a failure information towards the O&M (CAN bus interface). This information is subdivided in several levels with the following characteristics: VSWR < 2 neither generation of warning nor of an alarm 2 VSWR 3 generation of warning Minor VSWR fault VSWR > 3 generation of VSWR alarm Major VSWR fault A hybrid coupler feeds two TX inputs together to the TX path.
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The common part consists of: a DC/DC converter plus a power distribution unit (PDU) an O&M interface The DC/DC converter supplies the (F)DUAMCO itself. The PDU provides the DC power supply and the alarm monitoring of the TMAs. Alarm monitoring is done with a signalling interface between (F)DUAMCO and TMA, modulated onto a IF carrier at 7.86 MHz. The O&M interface transmits error messages to the COBA via a O&M bus (CAN bus). Operating Modes The (F)DUAMCO has 2 operating modes. During the BTSE commissioning, the RX path must be switched into one of these modes (by DIP switches): AMCO mode MUCO mode The high amplifying AMCO mode is used, if the antenna is directly connected to the (F)DUAMCO (without a preamplifier TMA). The (F)DUAMCO gain is around 20/22 dB. The low amplifying MUCO mode is used in conjunction with a preamplifier (TMA). In the MUCO mode, the gain is reduced to about 2 dB. The gain of the (F)DUAMCO can be adjusted to the cable loss and the TMA gain with the DIP switch. This adjustment is only done once during the installation of the BTSE by the service personal. In the case of an installed TMA, the additional gain (which is higher than the cable loss) needs to be adjusted by means of an attenuator inside the (F)DUAMCO. The selected mode can be read by O&M software via CAN bus interface. With DUAMCO 2:2 or 4:2 or FDUAMCO in 2:2 or 4:2 mode an RX splitting factor of 4 is implemented in order to feed up to 4 carriers. With DUAMCO 8:2 or FDUAMCO in 4:2 mode in combination with a COAMCO8 an RX splitting factor of 8 is implemented in order to feed up to 8 carriers.
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4.2.1.1
DUAMCO Specials
The DUAMCO x:y are named depending on the number "x" of transmit connectors fed by the carrier units and the number "y" of antenna connectors. Different versions of DUAMCO are available: DUAMCO 2:2 to combine up to 2 carriers (DUAMCO2xxx types) DUAMCO 4:2 to combine up to 4 carriers (DUAMCO4xxx types) DUAMCO 8:2 to combine up to 8 carriers (DUAMCO8xxx types)
DUAMCOs of different versions have a different TX attenuation. If 2 carriers shall be combined to the antenna system, the TX output of each carrier unit has to be fed to a TX input of a DUAMCO 2:2. Combining of the 2 carriers takes place on air. If more than 2 carriers shall be combined to the antenna system, a DUAMCO 4:2 or DUAMCO 8:2 is necessary. The following figures show the block diagrams of the different types of DUAMCO:
DUAMCO 2:2
Bias TEE
ANT0
1 ACOM Slot
ANT1
Bias TEE
Module0
Module1
ASU
RX TX
ASU
RX TX
MUCO Mode
LNA
MUCO Mode
LNA
AMCO Mode
AMCO Mode
LNA
TMA DC + Signall. CTRL O&M

RXCA RX RX RX RX 1 0 1 2 3
LNA
DC
RXCA RX RX RX RX 0 0 1 2 3 TX 0
TX 1
-48 V
CAN Bus
Fig. 4.9
DUAMCO 2:2 Block Diagram
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DUAMCO 4:2
Bias TEE
ANT0
1 ACOM Slot
ANT1
Bias TEE
Module0
Module1
ASU
RX TX
ASU
RX TX
MUCO Mode
LNA
MUCO Mode
LNA
AMCO Mode
Coupler
AMCO Mode
Coupler
LNA

RXCA RX RX RX RX 1 0 1 2 3
LNA
DC
RXCA RX RX RX RX 0 0 1 2 3 TX 0 TX 1
TX 0
TX 1
-48 V
CAN Bus
Fig. 4.10
DUAMCO 8:2
Bias TEE ASU
ANT0
1 ACOM Slot
ANT1 Bias TEE ASU
Module 0
Module 1
RX
TX
RX
TX
MUCO Mode AMCO Mode
LNA Coupler
MUCO Mode AMCO Mode
LNA Coupler
LNA

RXCA RX 1 0
LNA
DC
RXCA RX 0 0
. . .
RX 7
TX TX TX TX 0 1 2 3
. . .
RX TX TX TX TX 1 2 3 7 0
-48 V CAN Bus
Fig. 4.11
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4.2.1.2
FDUAMCO Specials
Max. 4 TRX can be connected to one FDUAMCO. In combination with a COAMCO8 8 TRX can be connected (see page 56). Each half of the FDUAMCO can be configured in One-To-One mode (like DUAMCO 2:2) and Two-To-One mode (like DUAMCO 4:2) by means of jumper cables, which insert the 3 dB hybrid or not. One-To-One means that the hybrid is not used, Two-To-One means that the hybrid is used.
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The following figure shows the block diagram of a FDUAMCO:
FDUAMCO
ANT0
Testout0
ANT1 1 ACOM Slot

Testout1
Module0
VSWR PROC
Module1
VSWR PROC
Triplexer
TMA
Signall.
Triplexer
RXout0
RX Filter
TX Filter
TMA DC/DC
Convert.
TX Filter
RX Filter
RXout1
RXin0
RXin1
LNA
DC/DC
Convert.
LNA
DIP
Switch0
DIP
Switch1
LNA
3 dB Hybrid 3 dB Hybrid
LNA
PID
CAN
Control.
RXCA0 RX1 RX3 RX0 RX2
TX1
TX0
2 1 4 3
TX1
TX0
2 1 4 3 RX0 RX2 RXCA1 RX1 RX3
CAN Bus Fig. 4.12 FDUAMCO Block Diagram
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4.2.2
COAMCO8
The COAMCO8 is used in combination with a FDUAMCO in 4:2 mode to provide an 8:2 configuration (see Fig. 4.14) by including 4 additional carriers (TRX). A COAMCO8 unit consists of 2 identical modules, containing a transmit and a receive path each. Each module of the COAMCO8 combines 2 additional carrier units with the 2 TX inputs of the FDUAMCO; in sum the combination of FDUAMCO jumpered in 4:2 mode and COAMCO8 combines 8 carrier units.
RXCA0 in RXCA1 in
AMP
Module0 Module1
3 dB Hybrids 3 dB Hybrids
AMP
DC/DC
Convert.
RXCA0 RX1 RX3 RX0 RX2
TX2
TX3
4 3
TX2
TX3
4 3
RX0 RX2 RXCA1 RX1 RX3
Fig. 4.13
COAMCO8 Block Diagram
The RX cascading outputs of the FDUAMCO provide the RX input signals for the additional 4 RX outputs of the COAMCO8.
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FDUAMCO in 4:2 mode X
+ COAMCO8
RX
TX
RX
TX
RX0
...
RX3
RX0
...
RX3
RX4
...
RX7
RX4
...
RX7
TX0 TX1
TX2 TX3
TX4 TX5
TX6 TX7
RX cascading output TX cascading output TX input FDUAMCO = TX output COAMCO8
Fig. 4.14
COAMCO8 with FDUAMCO in 4:2 mode (= 8:2 mode)
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4.2.3
DIAMCO
The DIAMCO (dual integrated amplifier multicoupler) is required for the RX signal path in FICOM configurations and special DUAMCO configurations. The DIAMCO is required to implement two cells/sectors with RX diversity in a base or extension rack/shelter. For the uplink direction, a DIAMCO module splits the RX antenna signal into several receiver inputs. Therefore it filters and distributes the received signals to the carrier units in one rack/shelter. The receive filters provide the substantial part of the receive band filtering required by GSM 05.05, 11.21 and JTC J-STD-007. One DIAMCO represents one LRU. Its modules can be assigned to the same cell or to different cells as long as they operate in the same frequency band.
The frequency band of the DIAMCO must correspond to the frequency band of the concerning cell to be served. The DIAMCO consists of 2 identical, independent modules and a common part. Each module contains: an RX lter the low noise amplier (LNA) an attenuator a power splitter a cascade output The LNA ensures a low system noise figure and consists of two branches. In case of malfunction of one amplifier, the RX gain of the DIAMCO decreases by about 6 dB. The power splitter distributes the received band to the carrier units. The splitting factor is 8. That means each module can drive up to 8 receiver inputs. The common part consists of: a DC/DC converter plus a power distribution unit (PDU) for two TMAs an O&M interface The DC/DC converter supplies the DIAMCO itself. The functionality of a PDU for two TMAs by means of an antenna feeder cable is integrated. This is the DC power supply and the alarm monitoring of the TMAs. Alarm monitoring is done with a signalling interface between DIAMCO and TMA, modulated onto a IF carrier at 7.86 MHz: This interface is identical to the interface between (F)DUAMCO and TMA. The O&M interface transmits error messages to the BTS core via a O&M bus (CAN bus). Due to the fact that TMA status information is available for the DIAMCO processor, the DIAMCO itself has to switch the RX mode according to the TMA status. Each TMA can be switched on or off by a separate switch. Operating Modes The DIAMCO RX amplifier has two operating modes, depending on the existence of TMAs: AMCO mode and MUCO mode. During the BTSE commissioning, the RX path must be switched into one of these modes: AMCO mode MUCO mode The high amplifying AMCO mode is used, if the antenna is directly connected to the DIAMCO (without a preamplifier, e.g. TMA). The DIAMCO gain is around 20/22 dB.
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The low amplifying MUCO mode is used in conjunction with a preamplifier (TMA). In the MUCO mode the gain is reduced to about 2 dB. The gain of the DIAMCO can be adjusted to the cable loss and the TMA gain with the DIP switch. This adjustment is only done once during the installation of the BTSE by the service personal. In the case of an installed TMA, the additional gain (which is higher than the cable loss) needs to be adjusted by means of an attenuator inside the DIAMCO. The selected mode can be read by O&M software via CAN bus interface. When cascading DIAMCOs, the first DIAMCO works in the AMCO mode and the following DIAMCO in the MUCO mode. The following figure shows the block diagram of a DIAMCO:
DIAMCO
ANT0 ANT1
Module0
Bias TEE
Module1
Bias TEE
RX
RX
MUCO Mode
LNA
MUCO Mode
LNA
AMCO Mode
AMCO Mode
LNA

RXCA 1
LNA
DC
RXCA 0 RX RX RX RX RX RX RX RX 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
RX RX RX RX RX RX RX RX 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
-48 V
CAN Bus
Fig. 4.15
DIAMCO Block Diagram
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59
4.2.4
TMA
In cell configuration with TMA, the true system RX sensitivity is guaranteed at the antenna connector, including the antenna feeder cable attenuation. For rack/shelter configuration without antenna pre-amplifier, the sensitivity is guaranteed only at the rack/shelter entry. The TMA (tower mounted amplifier) is an optional module and connects the antenna with the BTSE in order to amplify the receive signal and pass through the transmit signal. The TMA contains two duplex filters, each on one RF connector, to separate and combine the receive and transmit path inside the TMA. The configuration with TMA is advantageous because of the compensation of the antenna feeder cable losses. One TMA is needed for each RX path of (F)DUAMCO/DIAMCO, in MUCO mode and not cascaded. A TMA represents one LRU. There are two kinds of TMA: the "single TMA" (types TMA and STMA) and the "dual TMA" (type DTMA). The single TMA consists of: 2 duplex lters to split RX and TX paths the low noise amplier (LNA) to amplify RX signals "Fail Safe Functionality" to ensure operation in case of faulty LNA A dual TMA consists of two identical, independent single TMA modules. Two (S)TMAs may be replaced by one DTMA unit of the same frequency band. The DC power for the TMA is feed into the triplexer by the power distribution unit (PDU) functionality of the (F)DUAMCO/DIAMCO (via the antenna feeder). The encoder/decoder units of the TMA signalling interface generate an alarm for each TMA separately by monitoring the DC current consumption of each unit. The following figures show the block diagrams of the TMA single and dual:
Single TMA
ANT
RX TX RX Filter 1 Filter Filter 2 IN
Fail Safe Switch
Triplexer OUT
COM
Fig. 4.16
TMA (Single) Block Diagram
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Dual TMA
ANT
ANT
Triplexer OUT
Triplexer
TMA 0
COM
OUT
TMA 1
COM
Fig. 4.17
TMA (Dual) Block Diagram
When TMA is used the (F)DUAMCO/DIAMCO works in the MUCO (multicoupler) mode, see page 51 or page 58.
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4.2.5
FICOM
With the FICOM, it is possible to combine up to 8 frequencies in the downlink direction (TX) in one rack. For the uplink direction (RX), the DIAMCO has to be used to filter and distribute the received signals to the carrier units. The FICOM consists of remote tunable narrowband filters (TNF). The advantage of this filter combining technique is the very low insertion loss, if e.g., 8 transmitters are combined to one antenna. In principle the FICOM offers the following functions: RF Functions: RF Power Combining Transmitter Spurious Signal Suppression Isolation between inputs Isolation output to input Control / Monitoring Functions: Antenna VSWR alarm thresholds setting and status reporting Internal Performance Monitoring Interfacing with BTSE LED Display: Antenna VSWR alarms Tuning alarms Presence of DC Lightning Protection at the RF output connector RF Power Combining / Tuning Modes The low loss power addition is carried out by combining the outputs of TNFs inside the FICOM. These TNFs are remotely tuned to the channel frequency of the corresponding carrier. The minimum number of inputs to be combined is 2. It is possible to combine a maximum number of 8 inputs by adding "expansion modules" to the "base module". A TNF is first coarse tuned to the desired channel. If RF power is supplied to the TNF it automatically performs a fine tuning to ensure the best RF behavior. With this automatic tuning process, the drift of the passband filter center frequency is compensated. Therefore, the FICOM can only be used with baseband frequency hopping, as retuning of the TNF frequency requires up to 5 seconds. But for a large number of carriers (6 and higher), baseband frequency hopping has only a negligible disadvantage compared to synthesizer frequency hopping. FICOM Modularity The FICOM functions are carried out by two types of modules: Base module 2:1 Expansion module 2:1 The number of base modules is equal to the number of cells the FICOM has to support because at least one base module is needed per cell. The base module is able to combine 2 carriers to one antenna. For more than 2 carriers per cell the base module can be expanded by expansion module(s). An expansion module can combine additional up to 2 carriers to the same antenna. Altogether one base module can be expanded by 3 expansion modules, which means 8 carriers belonging to the same cell can be connected to the same antenna. The different modules are connected together by a special RF connection cable. The base module has an output for the completely combined signal (antenna output with
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7/16 connector). Additionally, there is a test output at every base module. The reporting of the antenna VSWR status is only done by a base module. In case of an odd number of carriers in one cell, only one half of the expansion module 2:1 is used. For this application, one TX port remains open.
FICOM 8:1
VS WR supervision
TNF
TNF ESN CTRL DC interf.
TNF
TNF
TNF
TX0
TX1 CAN Bus Base 2:1
TX0
TX1 CAN Bus Exp 2:1
TX0
TX1 CAN Bus Exp 2:1
TX0
TX1 CAN Bus Exp 2:1
Fig. 4.18
FICOM 8:1 Block Diagram
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63
4.2.6
HPDU
The HPDU (High Power Duplexer) combines the TX and the RX paths into one antenna, in order to minimize the number of antennas when a FICOM is used. The HPDU contains a duplex filter for the transmit frequency band and for the receive frequency band, but no LNA (Low Noise Amplifier) in the RX path. If the TMA is used together with a HPDU, the BIAS-T (DUBIAS) for powering and signalling of the TMA is required. For the main RX path, one HPDU per cell is installed. For diversity operation, a second receive path has to be installed. In one base or extension rack/shelter, one or two HPDUs can be installed and a maximum of 8 carriers can be connected to one HPDU. Fig. 4.19 shows the standard configuration for one cell using HPDU, FICOM and DIAMCO for up to 8 carriers in one rack/shelter.
HPDU
TX
RX
FICOM
DIAMCO
TX
RX
RX
TX 0
. . .
TX 7
RX 0
. . .
RX RXdiv . 7 0
. . RXdiv
Fig. 4.19
HPDU 8 TRX
BIAS-T (DUBIAS) If the TMA is to be used together with a HPDU, a BIAS-T (DUBIAS) for powering and signalling of the TMA is required.
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A30808-X3247-M22-5-7618
TMA
TMA
DUBIAS
HPDU
FICOM
DIAMCO
TX 0
. . . . . .
TX 7
RX 0
. . . . . .
RX 7
Fig. 4.20
HPDU 8 TRX with DUBIAS and TMA
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4.2.7
Diplexer
The diplexer gives the possibility to use one antenna feeder cable for both GSM 850 with GSM 1900 and GSM 900 with GSM 1800 frequencies. One diplexer is needed to combine the two different frequencies at the BTS side and the other one to separate the frequencies near the antennas. The diplexer offers the possibility to reduce the number of antenna feeder cables in all cases where GSM 900 and GSM 1800, GSM 1900 or GSM 850 and GSM 1900 feeder cables have to be installed in parallel. For example: An existing GSM 900 network will be extended by a GSM 1800 or GSM 1900 network to implement a dual band network.
The diplexer is a commodity product, which is available from many filter manufacturers.
Antenna Dual Band
1800 MHz
900 MHz
f1
f2
Diplexer
f1 + f2
Diplexer
f1
DUAMCO 2:2
(1800 MHz)
f2
DUAMCO 2:2
(900 MHz)
Fig. 4.21
Configuration with Diplexer (Example)
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4.3
Combiner Losses (TX Path)

The typical combiner TX attenuation was measured for mid band at room temperature. The guaranteed combiner TX attenuation was measured for the full frequency range, taking into account the full temperature range. GSM 900, GSM 1800, GSM 1900 DUAMCO Type DUAMCO 2:2 DUAMCO 4:2 DUAMCO 8:2 Tab. 4.1 1.2 dB 4.2 dB 7.4 dB Typical 2.5 dB 5.7 dB 8.9 dB Guaranteed
Insertion loss of DUAMCOs
GSM 850 FDUAMCO Type in 2:2 mode in 4:2 mode in 8:2 mode (+COAMCO8) Tab. 4.2 Typical 1.1 dB 4.3 dB 7.8 dB Guar. 2.4 dB 5.6 dB 9.4 dB
GSM 900 Typical 1.1 dB 4.3 dB 7.8 dB Guar. 2.2 dB 5.4 dB 9.2 dB
GSM 1800, GSM 1900 Typical 1.2 dB 4.4 dB 8.0 dB Guar. 2.2 dB 5.4 dB 9.4 dB
Insertion loss of FDUAMCOs
GSM 900 FICOM Type Typical Guaranteed
GSM 1800 Typical Guaranteed
FICOM BTSplus
FICOM 2/600 FICOM 4/600 FICOM 6/800 FICOM 8/800 Tab. 4.3 2.3 dB 2.5 dB 3.0 dB 3.5 dB 2.7 dB 3.2 dB 3.7 dB 4.2 dB 2.5 dB 3.0 dB 3.5 dB 4.0 dB 3.7 dB 4.2 dB 4.8 dB 5.8 dB
Insertion loss of FICOMs
Name convention for FICOMs: The first part gives the number of carriers (= 2 * number of modules), the second part gives the minimum frequence distance between these carriers in KHz. For example: FICOM4/600 means 4 carriers with a minimum frequence distance of 600 KHz.
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67
GSM 900 Type HPDU TMA Tab. 4.4 Typical 0.4 dB 0.5 dB Guaranteed 0.6 dB 0.8 dB
GSM 1800 Typical 0.5 dB 0.5 dB Guaranteed 0.75 dB 0.8 dB
Insertion loss of HPDU and TMA
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5 FCC Issues (for U.S. Market only)

In this chapter you find the maximum output power at the antenna connector of the BTS. These values are only relevant for the U.S. market. Revised FCC Certification for ECU / FlexCU 850 For ECUs/FlexCUs with 869.2 and 893.8 MHz frequencies, in order to fulfil the FCC requirements in the USA, the maximum transmitting power of the corner frequencies of the GSM 850 band (channel numbers 128 and 251, and 869.2 MHz and 893.8 MHz respectively) is decreased for all carrier units available for the U.S. market. This feature is realized per software. The BTS evaluates the mobile country code (MCC) provided by the BSC via the attribute cellGlobalIdentity. If the MCC indicates USA, the BTS reduces the output power of the corner frequencies dependent on the hardware type of the carrier unit. The following table represents the maximum RF output power values for GMSK and 8PSK modulation. Carrier Unit Type ECU850V3(A) ECU850V3(A) ECU850HPV2 ECU850HPV2 ECU850V2 ECU850V2 FCU850V1 FCU850V1 Tab. 5.1 Carrier Channel Frequency No. [MHz] 869.2 893.8 869.2 893.8 869.2 893.8 869.2 893.8 128 251 128 251 128 251 128 251 Maximum RF Output Power GMSK 42.3 dBm = 17.0 W 44.4 dBm = 27.5 W 42.2 dBm = 16.6 W 44.3 dBm = 26.9 W 40.7 dBm = 11.7 W 44.4 dBm = 27.5 W 38.8 dBm = 7.6 W 38.2 dBm = 6.6 W Max. Peak Envelope Output Power 8PSK 45.6 dBm = 36.3 W 47.2 dBm = 52.5 W 45.2 dBm = 33.1 W 46.9 dBm = 49.0 W 43.4 dBm = 21.9 W 47.2 dBm = 52.5 W 41.8 dBm = 15.1 W 41.5 dBm = 14.1 W
Max. RF Output Power Values (ECU/FlexCU 850) at Antenna Port
Revised FCC Certification for ECU / FlexCU 1900 For ECUs/FlexCUs with 1930.2 and 1989.8 MHz frequencies, in order to fulfil the FCC requirements in the USA, the maximum transmitting power of the corner frequencies of the GSM 1900 band (channel numbers 512 and 810, and 1930.2 MHz and 1989.8 MHz respectively) is decreased for all carrier units available for the U.S. market. This feature is realized per software. The BTS evaluates the mobile country code (MCC) provided by the BSC via the attribute cellGlobalIdentity. If the MCC indicates USA, the BTS reduces the output power of the corner frequencies dependent on the hardware type of the carrier unit. The following table represents the maximum RF output power values for GMSK and 8PSK modulation.
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69
Carrier Unit Type ECUPHPV3(A) ECUPHPV3(A) ECUPHPV2 ECUPHPV2 ECUPV2 ECUPV2 FCUPV1 FCUPV1 Tab. 5.2
Carrier Channel Frequency No. [MHz] 1930.2 1989.8 1930.2 1989.8 1930.2 1989.8 1930.2 1989.8 512 810 512 810 512 810 512 810
Maximum RF Output Power GMSK 39.9 dBm = 9.8 W 42.1 dBm = 16.2 W 39.3 dBm = 8.5 W 41.6 dBm = 14.5 W 42.1 dBm = 16.2 W 44.4 dBm = 27.5 W 38.4 dBm = 6.9 W 38.5 dBm = 7.1 W
Max. Peak Envelope Output Power 8PSK 43.3 dBm = 21.4 W 45.7 dBm = 37.2 W 42.2 dBm = 16.6 W 44.3 dBm = 26.9 W 44.7 dBm = 29.5 W 47.1 dBm = 51.3 W 41.7 dBm = 14.8 W 41.7 dBm = 14.8 W
Max. RF Output Power Values (ECU/FlexCU 1900) at Antenna Port
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6
8PSK ACTC ACTM ACTP ADP AMCO AMR ASU BSC CAN
Abbreviations
8 Phase Shift Keying Abis Connection module Alarm Collection Terminal Alarm Collection Terminal Master for base rack/shelter Alarm Collection Terminal Processor for extension and slave racks/shelters AC/DC Panel Amplifier Multicoupler (mode) Adaptive Multi Rate Codec Antenna Supervision Unit Base Station Controller Controller Area Network Co-Duplexer and Multicoupler Extension Core Basis Core Extension Core Satellite Carrier Unit DC Panel Diversity Amplifier Multicoupler Downlink Duplex Amplifier Multicoupler Duplexer BIAS Path EDGE Carrier Unit Enhanced Data Rates for the GSM Evolution Enhanced Data service for GSM Evolution Enhanced Full-Rate Electromagnetic Interference Federal Communications Commission Flexible Duplexer Amplifier Multicoupler Filter Combiner Full-Rate GMS Carrier Unit Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying General Packet Radio Services High Level Data Link Control High Power Duplexer Unit Half-Rate High Speed Circuit Switched Data Height Unit
ABISCON
COAMCO8 COBA COREXT COSA CU DCP DIAMCO DL DUAMCO DUBIAS EAP ECU EDGE EDGE EFR EMI FCC FDUAMCO FICOM FR GCU GMSK GPRS HDLC HPDU HR HSCSD HU
External Alarm Protection
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71
LAPD LE LED LMT LMU LNA MCC MSU MUCO O&M OASI OMT OPEXAL OVPT PCM PDU PSK RF RX SDMA SELIC TCH TMB TMU TNF TRAU TRX TX UL VSWR
Link Access Protocol on the Dm channel Link Equipment Light Emitting Diode Local Maintenance Terminal Location Measurement Unit Low Noise Amplifier Mobile Country Code Mains Supply Unit (DC) Multicoupler (mode) Operation and Maintenance Operator Available Serial Interface Operation and Maintenance Terminal Overvoltage Protection External Alarm Overvoltage Protection and Tracer Pulse Code Modulation Power Distribution Unit Phase Shift Keying Radio Frequency Receiver Space Division Multiple Access Serial Link Interface Controller (ASIC) Traffic Channel Temperature Management Board Timing Measurement Unit Tunable Narrowband Filter Transcoder and Rate Adapter Unit Transceiver (Transmitter + Receiver) Transmitter Uplink Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
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Base Station System Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241 II

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241 II

Information Base Station System

Important Notice on Product Safety

Copyright (C) Siemens AG 2006.

Information Base Station System

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241 II

Reason for Update

01/2005 04/2005 07/2005 11/2005 03/2006

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241 II

Information Base Station System

Information Base Station System

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241 II

This document consists of a total of 72 pages. All pages are issue 5.

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241 II

Information Base Station System

Information Base Station System

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241 II

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241 II

Information Base Station System

Information Base Station System

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241 II

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241 II

Information Base Station System

Overview of the Functionality - Main Features of BS-240/241 II

Information Base Station System

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241 II

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241 II

Information Base Station System

Characteristics Type of casing Dimensions base rack (H x W x D)

Typical power consumption extension rack

Information Base Station System

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241 II

BS-240 II Indoor (Base Rack)

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241 II

Information Base Station System

BS-241 II Outdoor (Base Rack)

Information Base Station System

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241 II

OASI Abis 2 PCM O V Ext. Sync. P 2 PCM T Sync. O 4 PCM V P T

COSA to next ext. rack

RXDIV ACTC DIAMCO ACTM FAN

TMA Cell 1 RXCA0 RXCA1 TX RX RXDIV CU 0

RXDIV ACTC FAN

Functional Blocks of the BS-240/241 II

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241 II

Information Base Station System

Information Base Station System

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241 II

FAN 2 CU 2 CU MUCO 0 MUCO 1 3

FAN 4 * CU 0 CU 1 COBA COSA COBA COSA 0 0 1 1

* not present in case of BTSE with reduced number of fans

BS-240 II Base Rack and 2 Extension Racks

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241 II

Information Base Station System

FAN 2 CU 2 CU MUCO 0 MUCO 1 3

FAN 2 CU MUCO 0 MUCO 1 3

FAN 2 CU 3 MUCO 0 MUCO 1

FAN 4* ACOM 0 ACOM 1

FAN 5* ACOM 2 ACOM 3

FAN 4* ACOM 0 ACOM 1

FAN 5* ACOM 2 ACOM 3