Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
PRESENT The Present Simple is used : To talk about regular activities, routine, habits: To talk about tastes: To talk about facts: - John plays tennis once a week. - We start work at 9 a.m. every day. - Mary eats fish on Fridays.
- Peter likes Chinese food. - Julie doesn't like fish. - Their children love chocolate. - The sun rises in the east. - In Europe, the weather is cold in winter. - Authors write books.
The Present Continuous is used : To talk about continuous activities : 1) at the time of speaking : I am reading this page now. 2) around now, in a more general sense : I am learning English this year To talk about planned future arrangements : - Next month I am spending my holidays in Australia. I have already booked my flight. - Our neighbours are coming to dinner tomorrow. They have accepted our invitation.
27) Look! The boys _______________ home. (to come) 28) Every day his grandfather _______________ for a walk. (to go) 29) I _______________with my friend at the moment. (to chat) 30) Cats _______________mice. (to eat) 31)I _______________ (not/like) politics. 32) How many languages _______________ (you/speak) ? 33) Where _______________ (you/live) ? 34) What _______________ (you/do) at the moment? 35) I _______________ (not/believe) that you are a millionaire. 36) He_______________ (not/wear) a tie today. 37) He often _______________ (travel) abroad on business. 38) David is in Paris this week. He ______________ (stay) at the Hilton. 39) ______________ (you, meet) your friend today? 40) _______ (you, understand) what I mean? 41) Susan _________ (work) on her project at the moment. 42) She __________ (go) to Switzerland once a week. 43) Does Mike ________ (work) in human resources? 44) This bottle _______ (contain) two liters of water. 45) ___________ (you, realize) how many people there are? 46) The games _________ (start, usually) at 8.00 in the evening. 47) _______________ (I, see) a doctor tomorrow.
1.3 Present Simple or Continuous Tense? - Ask questions for the underlined words:
1. ? George often has a bath. 2. ? Mike eats corn-flakes for breakfast every morning. 3. ? The teacher is writing some examples on the board. 4. ? Tom is watching a film now. 5. ? My parents never smoke cigarettes. 6. ? Peter and Rob go to school by service bus. 7. .? Sam is doing his homework in his room. 8. ? I read two books every month. 9. ?
I cant understand Hans because I dont know German. 10. ? No, Sally isnt writing a letter now.
1.5 Present Simple or Present Continuous Tense? - Underline the correct verb form:
1. Sandra writes / is writing a letter at the moment. 2. I usually drink / am drinking a lot of water. 3. Look! He comes / is coming back right now! 4. She always sleeps / is sleeping a lot. 5. What do you do / are you doing now? 6. You study / are studying every day. 7. It rains / is raining every autumn in Romania. 8. It rains / is raining! Take your umbrella! 9. They play / are playing chess now. 10. I dont play / am not playing on the computer every day.
14. Don't pay attention- he ____ stupid. 15. I ____ up at seven o'clock on weekdays. 16. He _____ silly questions.
2. PAST The Past Simple is used to talk about finished actions in a finished period of time. example : Yesterday evening, I played tennis with a friend. In 2005, I started taking tennis lessons. When I was at school, I hated history. Five minutes ago, I finished the report for my boss. Last week I attended a meeting in Tokyo. The Past Continuous tense is used to talk about a continuous action which took place at a specific time in the past. Yesterday evening, at 9 o'clock, I was watching television. It is also used, in sentences with when or while, to refer to an action which was taking place when a shorter, brief action took place. Yesterday evening, while I was watching television, the phone rang. When my husband arrived home yesterday evening, I was cooking dinner.
34.Nobody _______ (listen) while the teacher _______ (explain) the tenses. 35.While we _______ (do) a sight-seeing tour, our friends_______ (lie) on the beach. 36.He _______ (wake) up and_______ (look) at his watch. 37.When the post man _______ (arrive), my father _______ (have a shower) 38.While my brother _______ (study), my grandma _______ (make) some muffins 39.I _______ (go) to the doctor 2 days ago because I _______ (have) a terrible headache 40.When I _______ (be) 10, I _______ (eat) a sandwich every evening 41.He _______ (miss) the train because he _______ (talk) with some friends 42.The thieves _______ (come) into the house while the man _______ (sleep) 43.I _______ (drink) a glass of water at eleven. I'm not thirsty now 44. _______you _______ (write) the composition last week? 45.My mother _______ (not/be) at home when she _______ (fall) down the stairs 46.George _______ (fall) off the ladder while he _______ (paint) the ceiling. 47.While Tom _______ (cook) the dinner, the phone _______ (ring). 48.Ann_______ (wait) for me at home when I _______ (arrive) yesterday. 49.Tim _______ (take) a photograph of me while I _______ (not /look). 50.What _______ (you/do) at this time yesterday'? 51.I _______ (see) Carol at the party. She _______ (wear) a really beautiful dress. 52.I _______ (break) a plate last night. I_______ (do) the washing up. 53. _______ (you/watch) television when I_______ (arrive)? 54. Last night I _______ (read) in bed when suddenly I_______ (hear) a scream. 55.We _______ (not/go) out because it _______ (rain). 56. We _______ (do) our homework while our mum_______ (cook) dinner. 57.I_______ (see) Jim in the park. He_______ (sit) on the grass and _______ (read) a book. 58.Sally _______ (eat) dinner last night when someone _______ (knock) on the door. 59.I began to study at seven last night. Fred _______ (come) at seven-thirty. I _______ (study) when Fred _______ (come). 60.While I _______ (study) last night, Fred _______(drop by) to visit me. 61.What ___you ____ (do) when I _______ (call) you last night? 62.I _______ (sit) in a cafe when you_______ (call). 63.When you _______ (arrive) at the party, who_______ (be) there? 64.Susie _______ (watch) a film when she _______ (hear) the noise. 65.Yesterday I ____ (go) to the library, next I _____(have) a swim, later I _____ (meet) Julie for coffee. 66.We _______ (play) tennis when John _______ (hurt) his ankle. 67.What _______ (they/do) at 10pm last night - it was really noisy? 68.He _______ (take) a shower when the telephone_______ (ring). 69.He _______ (be) in the shower when the telephone _______ (ring). 70.When I _______ (walk) into the room, everyone_______ (work). 71.It _______ (be) a day last September. The sun _______ (shine) and the birds _______ (sing) . I _______ (walk) along the street when I _______ (meet) an old friend. 72.He _______ (live) in Russia when the Revolution _______ (start). 73.When her train _______ (get) to the station, we _______ (wait) on the platform. 74.He _______ (be) so annoying! He _______ (always leave) his things everywhere. 75.On holiday we______(visit) Rome,______(see) the Vatican, and______(spend) a few days at the beach. 76.Why _____you ________ (stand) on a chair when I _______ (come) into the room? 77.They _______ (live) in Germany when they _______ (be) young. 78.At 7pm yesterday, we _______ (listen) to music. 79.When I _______ (leave) the house, it _______ (snow). 80.He _______ (work) in a bank when he _______ (meet) his wife.
2.2 Past Simple or Past Continuous? insert ago, yesterday, last, while, when, as, on, in, at
1) Tommy's father worked in that office _______2 years 2) The plane was flying _______8 p.m. 3) My best friend went to London_______ month 4) _______I was having dinner, my sister was having a shower 5) _______did the supermarket close? 6) Your aunt studied German _______2001 7) Rose played in an orchestra _______ she was 12 years old 8) Jason was swimming _______his girlfriend was drinking a coke 9) The TV broke _______26th October 10) _______did he deliver the shopping? 11) My father's friend had a baby _______ 12) The suspect can't have committed the crime. He was having dinner in the restaurant _____that time 13) My cousin bought the PSP _______ he was in London
2.3 Past Simple or Past Continuous? - Which sentence is the correct one?
1) a) The men were studying on the new project all day yesterday b) The men was studying on the new project all day yesterday c) The men studied on the new project all day yesterday 2) a) When were you finishing your project? b) When did you finish your project? c) When were you finish your project? 3) a) You didn't be in the party yesterday b) You didn't were in the party yesterday c) You weren't in the party yesterday 4) a) My sister watched TV while his husband was playing with the children b) My sister was watching TV while his husband was playing with the children c) My sister was watching TV while his husband played with the children 5) a) The students were talking when the teacher was arriving b) The students talked when the teacher was arriving c) The students were talking when the teacher arrived
1. ..Who did you visit .? I visited my cousin. 2. .? We talked about my job. 3. .? She went to the beach. 4. .? She met her friend. 5. .? They spoke Russian. 6. .? They swam in the ocean. 7. .? He had dinner at 8:00. 8. .? I baked an apple pie. 9. .? She cried because her dog ran away. 10. .? I stayed for a week. 11. .? I came home by train. 12. .? He ate three hamburgers. 13. .? He left the restaurant at 9:00. 14. .? She wrote a letter to her mother. 15. .? They studied all morning. 16. .? We took a lot of photographs. 17. .? We sent a postcard to our teacher. 18. .? He fell asleep during the lecture. 19. .? I lost my wallet while I was skating. 20. .? They covered their eyes because they were scared.
3.PERFECT
The Present Perfect is used to refer to actions which take place in an unfinished time period up to now. The Present Perfect Simple is used to refer to the finished part of a continuous action. ex : So far in my English course I have learnt new vocabulary.I have revised some grammar rules. (My English course is not finished, but I have finished some of the lessons) Example : Today, it is now 2 p.m. At 9 o'clock this morning you started revising your English. Today is not finished, so you can say "I have been revising my English since 9 o'clock." (You are still revising, so the continuous form is used.) You have done part of the revision work, which is not finished, so at 2 p.m. you can say: "So far today, I have revised tenses and irregular verbs." (You do not mention any specific time; you refer to today which is not finished.) N.B. If you refer now (2 pm) to the morning, for example, which is finished, you must use the Past Simple. ex : This morning I revised tenses and irregular verbs. The Present Perfect Continuous is used to refer to an action started in the past which continues today. ex : I have been learning English since September. (I started in September and I continue to take lessons today.)
3.1 Present Perfect Simple or Continuous? - Each sentence has one or two mistakes.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. How long are you learning English ? How many cigarettes have you been smoking this afternoon ? I am working here since 1995. Ive had my watch since a long time. How many years are you living in London ? Mark is exhausted. He is playing tennis since two hours.. Sophie is doing very well at school since the beginning of the year. I have worn this sweater since 9 oclock this morning. I know Laura for many years. Peter is attending English classes since two years. My best friend has always been hating fish. How many chapters of the book did you read so far ? I am waiting for the bus since a long time. I have listened carefully to the teacher since the beginning of the lesson. How long are you a member of the tennis club ?
12.They ________ (watch) TV for 3 hours. 13.He ________ (have) this car for 20 years. 14.We ________ (work) for 7 hours without a break. 15.How long ________ (you / learn) English? 16.Mr Smith________ (be) in hospital for 5 days. 17.Steven ________ (hear) a mouse squeak all night. 18________.(you / see) Brona? 19.She ________ (prepare) dinner for two hours. 20.Don't worry, they ________ (touch / not) your gameboy.
4. Past or Perfect?
The Present Perfect is used to link the present and the past.The Present Perfect is used : 1. To talk about an action which started in the past and continues today. For and since are used to express duration. I have lived here for 10 years.I have lived here since 1998.(I arrived here 10 years ago and I am still here.) 2. To refer to past events in an unfinished period of time : I have written two letters today. (Two letters are written but today is not finished.) 3. To talk about recent events that have just happened or been announced : There has been a plane crash near the coast. (We know the event took place but we don't know when.) 4. To talk about a past action with a result in the present : I've broken my arm. I can't drive. (= because my arm is broken now) 5. To talk and ask about experiences or accomplishments up to the time of speaking, but at no specific time. " I'm a writer. I've written 9 books." " Have you ever written a biography?" "No never." The Past Simple is used to talk about past events which happened in a finished period of time. The Past Simple is used : 1. When the period of time is finished : I wrote two letters yesterday. (Yesterday is finished.) 2. When the time is mentioned, either a precise time in the past, or a time expression which clearly situates the event in the past: I lived in the country ... until the age of 6 ... when I was young ... from 1985 to 1992 ... before we moved to London ... a long time ago NB : As a general rule, if you can answer the question "when?", use the Past Simple
4.2 Present Perfect - Past Simple - Each of the sentences below has a mistake.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. I have visited New York two months ago. Anne isnt here at the moment. Shes been to London. In your life, how many different countries did you visit? Theyve opened the new shopping centre last week. How many pages did you read so far this week ? When have you bought your car?
7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.
Ive lived in London since 5 years. Ive seen that film last Friday. His English improved a lot this year. In his last job, Peter has travelled to Germany every month. Julie has worked here between 1997 and 1999. How many films did you see this month ? When has Mary arrived ? Before leaving for Boston, I have bought a good dictionary. So far I didnt receive a reply to my invitation. I live in a house I have bought 7 years ago. The man who lives next door wrote four books about his travels. I have been listening to the recording several times today. Did you ever taste a cereal called quinoa? How many new words did you note down so far in this lesson? Caroline has been visiting Hong Kong five times already. Ive seen that programme on television last night How many times have you been asking for an explanation? My English improved a lot this year. In her previous job, Julie has spoken English a lot. Jack has worked here between 1996 and 1999. How many times did you go to the theatre this year? How long ago has Emma taken up golf? When I was 6 years old, I have got a bicycle for Christmas. So far I didnt make too many mistakes. Tony is still watching TV. He has watched it for 3 hours. I hate red meat. Since I was a child I have been hating it. How long have you attended these classes? There is no lesson today. The teacher has been on holiday. I can relax now. I finished this exercise!
6. Things ________ (change) a great deal at Coltech, Inc. When we first________ (start) working here three years ago, the company ________ (have, only) six employees. Since then, we ________ (expand) to include more than 2000 full-time workers. 7. I________ (tell) him to stay on the path while he was hiking, but he ________ (wander) off into the forest and ________ ________ (be) bitten by a snake. 8. Listen Donna, I don't care if you (miss) the bus this morning. You ________ (be) late to work too many times. You are fired! 9. Sam is from Colorado, which is hundreds of miles from the coast, so he________ (see, never) the ocean. He should come with us to Miami. 10. How sad! George________ (dream) of going to California before he died, but he didn't make it. He (see, never) the ocean. 11. In the last hundred years, traveling ________ (become) much easier and very comfortable. In the 19th century, it ________ (take) two or three months to cross North America by covered wagon. The trip ________ (be) very rough and often dangerous. Things ________ (change) a great deal in the last hundred and fifty years. Now you can fly from New York to Los Angeles in a matter of hours. 12. Jonny, I can't believe how much you________ (change) since the last time I________ (see) you. You ________ (grow) at least a foot! 13. This tree ________ (be) planted by the settlers who________ (found) our city over four hundred years ago. 14. This mountain________ (be, never) climbed by anyone. Several mountaineers________ (try) to reach the top, but nobody ________ (succeed, ever) . The climb is extremely difficult and many people ________ (die) trying to reach the summit. 15. I ________ (visit, never) Africa, but I________ (travel) to South America several times. The last time I ________ (go) to South America, I________ (visit) Brazil and Peru. I ________ (spend) two weeks in the Amazon, ________ (hike) for a week near Machu Picchu, and ________ (fly) over the Nazca Lines.
3. I moved to Chicago about five years_____. a) anymore b) ago c) already 4. Ive only worked two hours, and Im _____ tired. a) yet b) already c) anymore 5. I'm _____ at the college. Ive been there three years. a) ago b) anymore c) still 6. I don't know my way around _____, but Im learning. a) yet b) just c) already 7. I bought a house, so I dont live in an apartment _____. a) anymore b) yet c) just 8. This book is so easy to read that Im _____ in chapter 10. a) ago b) still c) already 9. I hired someone today, so Im not accepting applications _____. a) anymore b) already c) yet 10. I _____ heard on the radio that a big snow storm is coming our way. a) ago b) just c) anymore
5. Past Perfect
The Past Perfect Simple is used to refer to actions which took place before a specific time in the past. ex : Yesterday, between 4 pm and 6 pm, Paul played a game of tennis with a friend. His mother arrived at 6 pm. When his mother arrived, Paul had finished the game. The Past Perfect Continuous (had been playing) is used to refer to a past continuous action. ex : Before his mother arrived, Paul had been playing tennis with a friend.
6. FUTURE
The Future Simple (I will go) is used : * for predictions : what you think will happen or what is certain to happen : You are going on a long flight. You can say: "I will be tired after my long journey". * for spontaneous decisions or offers (a decision made at the time of speaking): With a group of friends, the phone rings. You say: "I'll answer it!" The Future Continuous (I will be going) is used to refer to a future continuous action. * You are going on a long flight. You can say, for example: In two hours' time, I will be having lunch on the plane/ I will be flying over London/ I will be reading a newspaper/ I will be sleeping/ I will be watching a film, etc. BE+GOING TO is used to express your will or intention. It can also be used to express future events which you are quite certain will happen. This is stronger than a prediction. I'm going to try again next week. ; He's going to be late. The Present Tense Continuous is the most neutral way to express the future in spoken English. It has no special feelings or nuances attached. In written English WILL may be substituted. We're going home at 5 o'clock. ; I'm taking a test this afternoon. The Present Tense Simple refers to fixed or scheduled events in the future. These events are not usually under your control. I start work on Monday. ; The conference ends on Friday To be ABOUT TO + V refers to the immediate future. It means that something will happen without delay. (Note: NOT about to has a completely different meaning.) We're about to start. ; I'm about to switch this off.
To be to+v is a formal expression used to refer to events involving important people. It is often seen in
news reports. The president is to visit Japan in November. The prime minister is to attend the summit in Halifax next week. The Future Perfect Tense expresses action in the future before another action in the future You can call me at work at 8am. I will have arrived at the office by 8. They will be tired when they arrive. They will not have slept for a long time. English also uses must, should, can, may and might in a similar way: Must expresses the highest degree of obligation and commitment (I / you must go) and is temporally nearest to present time in its expression of futurity ("I must go now.") Should (the subjunctive form of shall in this context) implies obligation or commitment to the action contemplated. Can implies the ability to commit the action but does not presuppose obligation or firm commitment to the action. May expresses a relatively low sense of commitment (I may go) and is the most permissive (You may go); it can also suggest conditionality (I may go [if I have time]). Might expresses a very low sense of commitment or obligation (I / you might go if I / you feel like it).
6.1 Future tenses using - will, going to, Simple Present or Present Progressive.
1) The train ___________ at 11:45. (to leave) 2) We ___________ dinner at a nice restaurant on Saturday. (to have) 3) It ___________in the mountains tomorrow evening. (to snow) 4) On Sunday at 8 o'clock I___________ my friend. (to meet) 5) They ___________ to London on Friday evening. (to fly) 6) Wait! I ___________ you to the station. (to drive) 7) The English lesson ___________ at 8:45. (to start) 8) I ___________ my sister in April. (to see) 9) Look at the clouds - it ___________ in a few minutes. (to rain) 10) Listen! There's someone at the door. I ___________ the door for you. (to open) 11. They __________ (drive) to New York tomorrow morning. 12. I hope the weather__________ (be) nice 13. I offered him this job. I think he __________ (take) it. 14. I promise I __________ (not tell) your secret to anyone. 15. Take your umbrella with you. It __________ (rain). 16. They __________ (play) cards this evening. 17. I __________ (go) to the cinema tomorrow. 18. They __________ (fly) to Seattle next summer holidays. 19. I __________ (invite) 50 people to the party and I hope everyone (come). 20. That exercise looks difficult. I __________ (help) you. 21. __________ he (go) to the football match? 22. Are you sure they __________ (win) the match? 23. She probably __________ (stay) till Thursday. 24. He __________ (not leave) tomorrow. 25. We think he __________ (come) home late in the night.
7. Unless he arrives soon, we (will not go/ are not going) to the party. 8. (I will be studying / I will have studied) at 9 tomorrow evening. 9. (We will have finished / We will finish) by 9 o'clock. 10. Look at those clouds! It (is going to rain / will rain)!
6.5 The Future and Modal Verbs Test Sometimes more than one alternatives is possible
1. If you look carefully, you ---------- find writing scratched on the glass. (a) can (b) are going to (c) shall (d) will 2. I think it ---------- soon (a) is going to rain (b) rains (c) will rain (d) is raining 3. Wait here until I --------- you. (a) will call (b) am calling (c) am going to call (d) call 4. I won't be able to meet you next week, I ---------- in London for a few days. (a) will be staying (b) will stay (c) stay (d) am staying 5. Next month I --------- Derek for 20 years. (a) know (b) will have known (c) am knowing (d) will have been knowing 6. I ---------- with the performance, but I got flu the day before. (a) was to have helped(b) helped (c) was to help (d) had helped 7. You ---------- mad if you think I'm going to lend you any more money. (a) should be (b) are supposed to be(c) must be (d) ought to be 8. I-------- happy to see him, but I didn't have time. (a) will have been (b) would be (c) will be (d) would have been 9. We---------- Switzerland four times during the 1970s. (a) used to visit (b) would visit (c) visited (d) will visit 10. "Why isn't Tim here yet?" It --------- be because his mother is ill again. (a) may (b) can (c) might (d) could 11. If I hadn't come along at that moment, Jim --------- the one arrested instead of the real thief. (a) might have been (b) may have been (c) can have been (d) could have been 12. Jenny---------- leave the hospital only six hours after the baby was born. (a) was able to (b) could (c) can (d) is able to 13. The car broke down and we --------- a taxi. (a) must have got (b) have to get (c) had to get (d) must get 14. You --------- whisper. Nobody can hear us. (a) needn't (b) don't have to (c) mustn't (d) need to 15. Althrough he didn't have a ticket, Ken -------- come in.
(a) could
(b) can
(c) might
7. Tenses revision 7.1 Fill in the spaces using the most appropriate tense form for each gap.
1. A: You seem energetic! B: Really, I_______ (exercise) for some time. 2. A: What _______ (you, do) when the robbery took place? B: I _______ (change) a light bulb that had burnt out. 3. Mike _______ (use) the same PC for more than three years. He is thinking of upgrading it. 4. If it _______ (snow) tomorrow, we _______ (go) skiing near Vesuvis. 5. This is the second pill I _______ (take) to make me sleep. 6. Sami started his business in Spain three months ago. When he returns to Trkiye next July, he_______ (spend) nine months there. 7. Mary _______ (not, call) me since she_______ (leave) the city. 8. Karen _______ (live) in Hong Kong for more than two years. In fact, she_______ (live) there when the political takeover occured. 9. By the time the police_______ (arrive) , the robbers_______ (run) away. 10. The book writes that the Maya tribes founded an advanced civilization in the forests of the Yucatan; nevertheless, their culture____ (disappear) by the time Europeans first ____ (arrive) in the New World. 11. Hey.. Be quiet! The boss_______ (come) . 12. It_______ (snow) all day. I hope it stops by noon because I wish to go to the market. 13. Listen Ed, I don't care whether you _______ (miss) the bus this morning. You_______ (be) late for meetings too many times. This is my last warning. 14. We are fed up with storm and those dark clouds! We expect, when we_______ (wake) up tomorrow morning, the sun _______ (shine) . 15. When Hasan arrived at the cafe, I _______ (wait) for him for half an hour. 16. I _______ (not, hear) of the pyramids before I went to Egypt. 17. During the past 50 years, traveling _______ (become) much easier and very comfortable. In the 19th century, it_______ (take) two or three months to cross Africa by wagon. The trip _______ (be) very rough and often dangerous. Things_______ (change) a great deal in the last hundred and fifty years. Now you can fly from Ankara to Tokyo in a matter of hours. 18. Your English_______ (improve) . You _______ (watch) television programs and_______ (study) grammar every day since you first arrived in London. It is apparent that you will be fluent very soon. 19. When Ted _______ (arrive) home last night, he discovered that Hilary_______ (prepare) a beautiful candle-lit dinner. 20. Do not forget that if you _______ (need) to contact me sometime next week, I _______ (stay) at the Hilton in Istanbul.
14.If I _______ (pass) my exams successfully, I_______ (start) an apprenticeship in September. 15.And after my apprenticeship, maybe I _______ (go) back to London to work there for a while. 16.As you_______ (see / can) , I_______ (become) a real London fan already. 17. My sister _______ (buy) him a dog for his birthday last week. 18. Marceau and Yanis _______ (go) to the cinema last Monday. 19. Brunella _______ (sit) behind the door when we were looking for her. 20. Annelore _______ (break) her umbrella yesterday. 21. They said they were tired and _______ (go) upstairs to sleep. 22. Johanne _______ (just lose ) her keys on the pavement . 23. Ccile _______ (ride) a horse when she went to the circus. 24. The Scottish people _______ (build) their detached house near the beach years ago. 25. Jean _______ (see) many boats over the see, when she was on holiday. 26. I _______ (read) Romeo and Juliet when I was 10 years old. 27. It's a great pity you not_______ (come) to Brighton with us last Saturday. As you never _______ (see) the sea before, it _______ (be) a new experience for you. 28. By the time I _______ (complete) my studies next month, I _______ (live) in London for nearly a year. I not _______ (think) I _______ (stay) any longer after that. 29. It's odd that you_______ (mention) his name. I just _______ (think) about him and _______ (wonder) what_______ (become) of him. 30. I not _______ (call) on him just yet if I _______ (be) you, as I don't think he _______ (get) home from work. 31. He said he _______ (wish) he _______(be able)_______(see) you before he_______(leave). He _______(like)_______(say)goodbye personally.He_______(hope)you _______(accept) his apologies. 32. _______ (Be) you sure there_______ (be) no one in the room next door? I _______ (can swear) I heard someone _______ (talk) in there. 33."Mr Smith not _______ (work) here for four years. _______ (Be) you sure you_______ (get) the right name?" "Quite sure. He _______ (ring) me only yesterday, and I certainly not _______ (come) here if he not v(ask) me to." 34.Not until we_______ (arrive) at his house we_______ (discover) that he_______ (be) on holiday, and that we _______ (waste) our time in _______ (call) on him. 35.It not _______ (take) very long_______ (get) here after all. We not _______ (need) _______ (take) a taxi. We could_______ (save) the money we _______ (spend) and _______ (have) dinner on the train. 36.It's high time you_______(make)up your mind about_______(choose) a career. If you not _______ (decide) soon, you never _______ (settle) down to anything. 37.By the time the firemen ______ (arrive), the house ______ (be) ablaze from top to bottom, but it ______ (be) clear that if someone ______ (give) the alarm earlier, they might ______ (stand) a chance of ______ (save) the building. 38.I wish you______ (tell) me last week that you ______ (come) to London. If I______ (know) in time, you not ______ (have to) stay in a hotel. 39.Why you not______ (tell) me you______ (can) lend me the money? I not ______ (need) (borrow) it from the bank. 40.The driver said he not______ (can) (understand) why the car______ (break down) during the race. It ______ (undergo) thorough testing before ______ (be) entered in the competition. 41.It's time we ______ (go). If we not______ (leave) now, we ______ (miss) the last train. 42. ______ (Be) you cut off while I______ (talk) to you just now? You ______ (be)? I think something must ______ (go) wrong with the telephone. 43.The manager______ (talk) to an important customer at the moment but he______ (be) free______ (see) you presently. ______ (Like) you ______ (take) a seat for a few minutes? 44.I know I ought______ (write) to you before, but I ______ (be) so busy recently that I not ______ (have) time for ______ (write) letters. I ______ (telephone) you instead, but I ______ (forget) your number. 45.When I last ______ (see) him, he ______ (live) in London. He______ (tell) me then that he ______ (think) of ______ (emigrate) to Australia, and he may well ______ (do) so by now.
46.I______ (be) very excited at the prospect of ______ (go) (ski). It ______ (be) the first time I ______ (try). I think there's nothing like______ (ski) for______ (make) a holiday enjoyable. 47.I wish you______ (let) me ______ (know) you not ______ (be able) to come to dinner. I certainly not ______ (go) to all this trouble if I ______ (know). 48.He said he not ______ (want) (see) the film as he______ (hear) that it______ (be) not as good as the critics (suggest). 49.It's just as well we ______ (bring) a guide-book with us. If we not______ (have), we ______ (be) completely lost. 50.You can't ______ (remember) ______ (tell) him how to get here. If you______ (have), he ______ (arrive) long before now.
8. CONDITIONALS
Present + Present (what is recommended in this situation) Present + Future (possible future situation) Past + Conditional (imaginary situation) Past Perfect + Conditional Perfect (the accident occurred but I didn't see it) If you see an accident, call a doctor! If I see an accident, I will call a doctor. If I saw an accident, I would call a doctor. If I had seen the accident, I would have called a doctor.
7.Ann gave me this ring. She _________ (be) terribly upset if I lost it. 8.If someone (walk) in here with a gun, I'd be very frightened. 9. What would happen if you (not / go) to work tomorrow? 10.I'm sure she (understand) if you explained the situation to her. 11.I (give) you a cigarette if I had one, but I'm afraid I don't. 12.This soup would taste better if it (have) more salt in it. 13.If you (not/go) to bed so late every night, you wouldn't be so tired all the time. 14.I wouldn't mind living in Toronto if the weather (be) better. 15.I'd help you if I (can), but I'm afraid I can't. 16.If I were you, I (not/marry) him. 17.We would gladly buy that house if it (not/be) so small.
they would move to Santa Monica. they would have moved to Santa Monica. they would had moved to Santa Monica. 14. She will go crazy if you leaves her. unless she leaves you. if she don't leave you. 15. If this storm gets worse, we will have to go inland. we have to get inland. we must to go inland. 16. Watch out! If you touch that cable, you will get a shock. you shocked. you had a shock. 17. I might have had time if you needed my help. if you had asked me for help. if you ask me for help. 18. I'm afraid I can't understand you if you speak unclear. unless you speak more clearly. if you don't speak clear. 19. She would have gone if she had been in your position. if she were in your position. if she was in your position. 20. You would certainly have been angry if you discovered what he knew. if you had discovered what he knew. if you had discovered what he had known.
wish + would
We use 'wish' + would + bare infinitive to express impatience, annoyance or dissatisfaction with a present action. I wish you would stop smoking. (You are smoking at the moment and it is annoying me.) I wish it would stop raining. (I'm impatient because it is raining and I want to go outside.) I wish she'd be quiet. (I am annoyed because she is speaking.)
Important points
1. To simply express that you want something to happen in the future (not talking about wanting an action or situation to be different, and not talking about impatience or annoyance) we use 'hope', not 'wish'. I hope it's sunny tomorrow. I wish it was sunny tomorrow. x I hope she passes her exam next week. I wish she were passing her exam next week. x I hope the plane doesn't crash tomorrow. I wish the plane wouldn't crash tomorrow. x 2. We can use 'wish' + infinitive or 'wish' + object + infinitive to mean 'want' in a formal situation. I wish to leave now. (+ infinitive) I wish to speak to your supervisor please. (+ infinitive) I do not wish my name to appear on the list. (+ object + infinitive) 3. We can use '(I) wish you' in fixed expressions. I wish you a happy birthday. We wish you good luck in your new job.
7. I wished I _______________ the news. (to hear) 8. You wish you _______________ what to do. (to know)
9.5 wish+would
1. They wished she __________________ the arrangements. (to make) 2. He will wish you __________________ him. (to help) 3. She wishes the mail _______________. (to come) 4. We wished they _________________. (to hurry) 5. You will wish the door _________________. (to open) 6. They wish we _________________ for them. (to wait) 7. I wish you _________________ to me. (to write) 8. Will she wish you _______________ her? (to join)
9.6 wish+ Past Perfect, the Simple, or would (the underlined adverbs indicate the time)
complete 1. I wish he ___________ here now. (to be) 2. I wish that you _____________ here yesterday. (to be) 3. We wish you ________________ tomorrow. (to come) 4. You will wish you ______________ earlier. (to leave) 5. They wished he _________________ with them the next day. (to come) 6. We wish you ________________ yesterday. (to arrive) 7. I wish that he ______________ us next year. (to visit) 8. She wishes that she ___________ at home now. (to be) 9. You wish that he ______________ you last week. (to help) 10. He will always wish he ____________ rich. (to be) 11. The boy wished that he ____________ the competition the next day. (to win) 12. She will wish she _____________ the arrangements earlier. (to make) 13. I wish the weather ____________ warmer now. (to be) 14. We always wished we ____________ fluent in other languages. (to be) 15. They wish he ________________ them next week. (to telephone)
Regrets
1 I wish I ___________________ drunk and kissed Samantha. (get NEGATIVE) 2 I wish it ___________________ so much. The garden's turned to mud. (rain NEGATIVE) 3 If only I ___________________ there, I wouldn't have got a fine. (park NEGATIVE)
Wanting changes
4 If only I ___________________ more time for my hobbies. (have) 5 I wish it ___________________ more often in Valencia. (rain) 6 I wish I ___________________ to go to your nephew's wedding. (have NEGATIVE)
Complaints
7 I wish you ______________ so much. You're a complete idiot when you're drunk. (drink NEGATIVE) 8 If only it ___________________ . The garden's as dry as a bone. (rain) 9 I wish Samantha ___________________ her hair more often. It looks so greasy all the time. (wash)
Mixed
10 I wish you ________________ so horrible to your brother. He's a really nice bloke. (be NEGATIVE) 11 I wish the council _____ that beautiful old house. It was part of the town's heritage. (demolish NEG.) 12 If only I ______________the money to go to Jon's wedding in The States. (have) 13 I wish I _______________ her she'd put on weight. She hates me now. (tell NEGATIVE) 14 I wish you ______________ to your mother like that. (speak NEGATIVE) 15 If only we _________ a Hewlett Packard printer. The cartridges are so expensive. (buy NEGATIVE) 16 I wish Jorge _______ so fast. It's only a matter of time before he kills someone. (drive NEGATIVE)
After verbs that express likes/dislikes : After verbs that refer to a future event : like, love, enjoy dislike, hate don't mind, can't stand ..... doing After certain other verbs, such as : admit appreciate avoid consider delay deny finish imagine involve keep (on) mention miss postpone suggest ........ doing want, hope, intend would like, promise ......... to do After certain other verbs, such as : afford help agree learn arrange manage choose offer fail refuse happen seem .............. to do After adjectives : glad (ex : glad to know...) pleased (ex : pleased to meet you...) disappointed (ex : disappointed to hear...) After "too" & "enough": too difficult easy enough ..................... to do
After prepositions : interested in ... instead of ... good at ... before ... after ................................... doing
After certain expressions : it's no use ... it's no good ... there's no point in .............. doing
The verbs : begin/start/continue can be followed by the gerund or the infinitive with little or no change in meaning. The verbs : stop/try/remember can also take both, but the meaning changes.
1 I am interested ______ your class. to take to taking in taking 2 They enjoy_______ movies. watching watch to watch 3 She refuses_____ to her mother listen to listening to listen 4 We agreed ______ together. working to work worked 5 I need ______. studying to study in study 6 I'm curious ______ to Africa. about traveling to travel traveling 7 They postponed _______ the game because of rain. playing to playing at play 8 They want ______ good grades. getting to get to getting 9 Michael Jordan is good _______ basketball. playing at playing with playing 10 I regret not _______ my parents. hug with hugging to hug 11 The criminal admits _________ the money. on taking take to take 12 Many drivers avoid ______ in traffic. driving to drive to driving 13 The gambler was angry _______ his money. with lose to losing to lose 14 Good teachers always offer ______ their students. help to help helping 15 I would like _______ a movie. to see seeing to seeing 16 The president wishes ______ violence. to ending on ending ending 17 She is sick _________ in traffic. of driving to drive driving 18 We feel like ________ pizza. eat with eating to eat 19 We look forward ________ the Olympics. at watching to watching with watch 20 I am bad __________. on ice skating at ice skate at ice skating 21 She dislikes ________ junk food. to eat with eating eating 22 I can't imagine _______ out of an airplane. jumping at jumping to jump 23 The boss would like __________ more. us to work we working us work 24 They allowed ______ home early him to go he to go him going 25 We invited ________ with us. him come them coming she to come
in took to watching listening to working to studying on travel at playing get in play hugging taking drive at losing to helping see to end at driving eating watching with ice skating eat jump him working we to go them to come
11. INVERSION
In normal everyday English, inversion is used : to make questions : does he? can you? after so, neither, nor : so do I, neither do I, nor do I. In written English, as well as in a very formal style, inversion is used in the following cases : 1. After negative adverbial expressions : Under no circumstances can we accept cheques. In no way can he be held responsible. At no time did she say she would come. 2. After adverbial expressions of place : Round the corner came the postman. On the doorstep was a bunch of flowers. 3. After seldom, rarely, never, in comparisons : Seldom have I seen such a beautiful view. Rarely did he pay anyone a compliment. Never had I felt so happy. 4. After hardly, scarcely, no sooner, when one thing happens after another. Hardly had I begun to speak when I was interrupted. Scarcely had we started our meal when the phone rang. No sooner had I arrived than they all started to argue. 5. After adverbial expressions beginning with 'only'. Only after the meeting did I realize the importance of the subject. 6. After exclamations with here and there. Here comes the winner! There goes all our money!
11.1 Inversion
Ex. : She at no time said she was vegetarian. At no time did she say (that) she was vegetarian. 1. I had hardly begun to apologize when the door closed . 2. I have seldom heard such a talented singer. 3. If John had known that she liked curry, he would have brought her to an Indian restaurant. 4. The artist rarely paid any attention to his agent's advice. 5. He had never felt so depressed. 6. The shop can in no way be held responsible for customers' lost property. 7. The couple had no sooner arrived than the priest started the ceremony. 8. Tom only understood the meaning of the comment when he saw his wife's face. 9. She never at any time said that she was allergic to cats. 10. The restaurant cannot accept animals under any circumstances.
11.2 Inversion
Ex. If I were in your position, I would pay close attention. Were I in your position, I would pay close attention. If it had been raining, we would have used our umbrellas. Had it been raining, we would have used our umbrellas. 1. If he were here, he would lend us his car. 2. If I had remembered their address, I would have sent them a card. 3. If we were not waiting for a telephone call, we would go downtown. 4. If they had recognized her, they would have spoken to her. 5. If I had been intending to go shopping, I would have let you know. 6. If you had seen the movie, you would have liked it. 7. If it were not snowing, we would go out. 8. If he had been shoveling the walk, we would have seen him.
11.3 Inversion
1. We have seldom fished so much here. (Seldom...) 2. They are in no way responsible for what occurred last night. (In no way...) 3. You should not on any account take these pills when you drink alcohol. (On no account...) 4. She not once offered us her help. (Not once...) 5. I did not became aware of what was going on until I saw her weeping. (Not until...) 6. She agreed to go out with him only when he bought her some flowers. (Only when...) 7. We little realised the dangers that were awaiting us. (Little ...) 8. He was so tired that he slept for fourteen hours. (So tired ...) 9. My delight was such that I bought everybody a drink. (Such...) 10. I love him to such an extent that I would even give my life for him. (To such an extent...) 11. They not only supply us with food, but also with drinks. (Not only...) 12. We had no sooner eaten it than we had a terrible stomach-ache. (No sooner...) 13. I had hardly gone to bed when the telephone rang. (Hardly...) 14. She took him to the zoo and to the cinema as well. (Not only...) 15. If you should need a good make-up remover, please let me know. (Should...) 16. If I were to win the first prize in the national lottery, I would no longer work. (Were...) 17. If you hadnt flooded the engine, it would have started at once. (Had you...) 18. If my parents should need me, I will never let them down. (Should...) 19. If I were in your place, I would try to be more assertive. (Were...) 20. My brother went off without saying a word. (Off...) 21. Her toys were along the corridor. (Along the corridor...) 22. The castle stands on a hill. (On a hill...) 23. Your chance to speak out is now. (Now...) 24. You shouldnt in any way consider him as your worst enemy. (In no way...) 25. You must on no account upset your parents. (On no account...) 26. Mr and Mrs Adam live across the bridge. (Across the bridge...) 27. I was so scared that I could not even scream. (So scared...) 28. The horrific view of the massacre was in front of us. (In front of us...) 29. The canyon lies behind those mountains. (Behind those mountains...) 30. He only then became aware of the dangers of the jungle.(Only then...) 31. She had scarcely begun to study when her boyfriend rang the bell. (Scarcely...) 32. I wont go trekking with him. (No way...) 34. My terror was such that I couldnt move. (Such...) 35. I had no sooner switched on the dishwasher than it broke down. (No sooner...)
Should - Advice : You should take an umbrella. It's starting to rain - Logical deduction : John has revised all day. He should be ready for his exam. Ought to - Advice : You ought to write to your grandmother. - Logical deduction : Here's 30. That ought to be enough for a taxi. Shall - Offers and suggestions with 'I' and 'we' : Shall I order a taxi? Shall we begin the meeting now? Will - Future tense auxiliary : Tomorrow I will be in New York. - Invitations/offers : Will you join us for coffee? Won't you come in?
12.1 can, could, may, might, should, ought to, shall, will (Some sentences offer two
possibilities.) 1. The article stated that he ___________ read at the age of three. 2. You ____________ take a sweater in case it gets cold. 3. It's going to rain all afternoon. ___________ we go to the cinema? 4. Scott ________ be 21 at the end of the month. 5. Julie said they traffic was heavy, so she ___________ be late for the meeting. 6. You look a bit confused. ________ I help you? 7. You stole a CD from a friend? You _____________ be ashamed of yourself! 8. I don't know the meaning of this word. _______ I borrow your dictionary?
13.2 Fill the gaps with the correct tenses (active or passive voice).
1.In the year 122 AD, the Roman Emperor Hadrian ______ (visit) his provinces in Britain. 2.On his visit, the Roman soldiers______(tell) him that Pictish tribes from Britain's north (attack) them. 3.So Hadrian_____ (give) the order to build a protective wall across one of the narrowest parts of the country. 4.After 6 years of hard work, the Wall ______ (finish) in 128. 5.It ______ (be) 117 kilometres long and about 4 metres high. 6.The Wall ______ (guard) by 15,000 Roman soldiers. 7.Every 8 kilometres there ______ (be) a large fort in which up to 1,000 soldiers ______ (find) shelter.
8.The soldiers______ (watch) over the frontier to the north and ______ (check) the people who ______ (want) to enter or leave Roman Britain. 9.In order to pass through the Wall, people ______ (must go) to one of the small forts that ______ (serve) as gateways. 10.Those forts ______ (call) milecastles because the distance from one fort to another ______ (be) one Roman mile (about 1,500 metres). 11.Between the milecastles there_____ (be) two turrets from which the soldiers_____ (guard) the Wall. 12.If the Wall______ (attack) by enemies, the soldiers at the turrets ______ (run) to the nearest milecastle for help or (light) a fire that ______ (can / see) by the soldiers in the milecastle. 13.In 383 Hadrian's Wall______ (abandon) . 14.Today Hadrian's Wall ______ (be) the most popular tourist attraction in northern England. 15.In 1987, it______ (become) a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
13.3 Rewrite the following sentences so that the verbs will be in the active voice.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. We are taught grammar by Ms Sullivan. He was praised by the teacher. The injured were taken to the hospital by the firemen. The town was destroyed by an earthquake. The teacher was pleased with the boys work. The building was damaged by the fire. By whom were you taught French? You will be given a ticket by the manager. The streets were thronged with spectators. We will be blamed by everyone. The trees were blown down by the wind. The thieves were caught by the police. The letter was posted by Alice. We were received by the hostess. The snake was killed with a stick. The minister was welcomed by the people. He was found guilty of murder. This house was built by John Mathews in 1991.
When the manager arrived, the problem ___ . had already been solved. had already solved.
Questions
Type with interrogative without interrogative direct speech reported speech direct speech reported speech Example Why dont you speak English? He asked me why I didnt speak English. Do you speak English? He asked me whether / if I spoke English.
Reporting Verbs - Said, told and asked are the most common verbs used in indirect speech.
+ accused, admitted, advised, alleged, agreed, apologised, begged, boasted, complained, denied, explained, implied, invited, offered, ordered, promised, replied, suggested and thought.
14.1 Direct to indirect speech 1.David : "There is an excellent band playing later on." David said ...
2.Christine : "I saw Amy at the bank on Monday."Christine said ... 3.The driver : "I'm going to turn right at the traffic lights."The driver said ... 4.Jonathan: "I've returned the dictionary to the library".Jonathan said .. 5.The doctor : "I'll send you the results as soon as they arrive."The doctor said ... 6.Caroline : "Will you come to my party on Saturday?"Caroline ... 7.Shop assistant: "Are you looking for something special?"The shop assistant ... 8.Jack : "I'll lend you my grammar book if you think it will help.: Jack said ...
Gareth: What does she say? You: She says that ... Helen: I went to London in July. Gareth: What does she say? You: She says that ... Helen: My parents went with me. Gareth: What does she say? You: She says that ... Helen: We spent three days in London. Gareth: What does she say? You: She says that ... Helen: London is a multicultural place. Gareth: What does she say? You: She says that ... Helen: I saw people of all colours. Gareth: What does she say? You: She says that ... Helen: Me and my parents visited the Tower. Gareth: What does she say? You: She says that ... Helen: One evening we went to see a musical. Gareth: What does she say? You: She says that ... Helen: I love London. Gareth: What does she say? You: She says that ... Helen: The people are so nice there. Gareth: What does she say? You: She says that ...
met yesterday needs some help from the police. told you about happened3 weeks ago. had escaped contained 5000 . had put in was meant for his son. had brought to hospital needed the money for a therapy. stole his car was near the hospital. stole his car was 9 a.m. stole this old car isnot known.
accidents
negative tag?
isn't it?
You are English, aren't you? John was there, wasn't he? You like coffee, don't you? You do like coffee, don't you? You are coming, aren't you? They will help, won't they? We have finished, haven't we? I can come, can't I? We must go, mustn't we? He should try harder, shouldn't he? positive tag [+]
You aren't English, are you? John was not there, was he? You don't like coffee, do you? It isn't raining, is it? They will not help, will they? They won't report us, will they? We have neverseen that, have we? I can never do it right, can I? We mustn't tell her, must we? He shouldn't drive so fast,should he?
Some special cases: I am right, aren't I? You have to go, don't you? Let's go, shall we?
8.The trip is very expensive, _________? 9.He won't tell her, _________ ? 10.Hugh had a red car, _________?
MAKE&DO
MAKE
an appointment arrangements/plans a discovery a difference/an exception an effort an enquiry fun of something/somebody an impression a mistake money a point a profit progress a promise a speech/a declaration/a statement a suggestion/an excuse/a complaint sure/certain room for something (find place for something)
DO
business one's best the crosswords damage a degree/a course your duty a favour/a good turn good/harm/justice a good job your homework the housework research the shopping a test a translation well/badly work without something
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
If you set up a business, it's generally to _______ money. I can't give the answer right away. I'll have to ______ some research. I'm very pleased with the result. You ______ a great job! When I ________ a mistake, my teacher corrects me and explains why. What are you studying? I'm __________ a degree in history. You'll have to work hard if you want to ________ progress. Stop ________ fun of my accent - it's not my fault! It doesn't have to be perfect - just ______ your best. I've got a toothache. I'm going to ring the dentist to ___________ an appointment. It's not easy to _________ business with people of different nationalities. SPORTS & LEISURE ACTIVITIES
When speaking about sports and leisure activities, the verbs play, go and do are used as shown in the table below. PLAY - Sports with teams, rules and competitions or tournaments. Badminton; Basketball ; Football ; Golf ; Rugby ; Tennis ; Soccer ; etc. GO - The name of the activity is the gerund form of the verb ( -ing). To camp camping : We often go camping in the summer.
To swim swimming: Many children like to go swimming. Dancing ; Hiking ; Horse-riding ; Sailing ; Surfing ; etc. DO - All other recreational activities : Aerobics; Athletics ; Gymnastics ; Judo ; Karate ; Yoga ; etc.
MUST&HAVE TO
MUST The speaker thinks it is necessary. I must buy flowers for my mother (It's her birthday and I decide to do that). "You must take more exercise"says the doctor. (The doctor thinks it is necessary). I must ask my secretary to book a flight for me. (It is important for me not to forget.) "Dogs must be kept on a lead"(Written on a sign in the park = a rule which must be respected HAVE TO Someone else thinks it is necessary. I have to buy flowers for my mother-in-law. (It is not my decision - my husband asked me to do it.) I have to take more exercise. (doctor's orders!) I have to call the travel agency. (My boss asked me to book a flight.) I have to keep my dog on a lead. (That's what the sign tells me to do.) DO NOT HAVE TO (DON'T HAVE TO) You don't have to tell George = you can tell George if you like, but it isn't necessary. It's your decision.
N.B. In the negative form, the meaning changes! MUST NOT (MUSTN'T) You mustn't tell George = it's important not to tell George = don't tell George
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
My boss needs this report urgently. I _____________ finish it now. "You _________ arrive on time every morning" said the shopkeeper to the new trainee. Julie __________ go to work on foot. The buses are on strike. . Secretaries ________ answer the phone. That's part of their job. "You ________ do your homework" said the teacher. "We__________ invite our neighbours for dinner one day" said my husband. David ________ leave home at 7..30 a.m. in order to get to the office at 9 a.m. "I _______ hurry or I'll miss my flight!" Employees ___________ attend all personnel meetings - it's written in their contracts. "I ________ call my mother - it's her birthday today."
Phrasal Verbs 1
1. Every morning I (stop sleeping) _________ ____ when I hear the alarm clock. a) wake out b) wake up c) wake in d) wake off 2. On Sundays I can (leave bed) _________ ____ later. a) get out b) step off c) get up d) step out 3. We must (be quick) _________ ____ or we'll be late for school! a) act up b) fasten on c) hurry up d) speed in 4. John helped the old lady to (board) _________ ____ the bus. a) mount on b) get on c) get up 4) put on 5. Julie went to the library to (try to find) _________ ____ a book. a) look out b) look after c) look for d) look up 6. It's time for the news. Let's (start) _________ ____ the radio. a) turn on b) tune in c) turn up d) tune at 7. "Please come in and (have a seat) _________ ____" said the doctor. a) seat up b) seat down c) sit up d) sit down 8. When Dad arrives home, he (removes) _________ ____ his coat. a) puts off b) takes off c) leaves in d) takes out 9. Dad couldn't see very well. " (wear) _________ ____ your glasses" said Mum. a) put on b) put away c) put in d) put up 10. When we arrive at the station, we (descend from) _________ ____ the train. a) get down b) stand down c) get off d) stand out
Phrasal Verbs 2
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. When Caroline goes to work, the babysitter (takes care of) _________ ____ the children. a) looks at b) looks up c) looks for d) looks after The babysitter (has a good relationship) _________ ____ well with the children. a) gets out b) gets on c) gets up d) gets in Peter promises he will ( stop) _________ ____ smoking soon. a) give in b) give over c) give up d) give out They (continue) _________ ____ talking when the teacher arrives. a) carry on b) get on c) break out d) remain on The fire fighters came and (extinguish) _________ ____ the fire. a) put off b) let away c) put out d) let out I'll call the shop to (discover) _________ ____ the price. a) find out b) bring out c) turn up d) call up You never forget the place where you (spend childhood) _________ ____ . a) bring up b) raise up c) grow up d) rise up If your car (ceases to function) _________ ____ , you should call a garage. a) stops off b) breaks down c) turns off d) breaks out It's difficult for a plane to (leave the ground) _________ ____ when there is snow on the ground.
a) take off b) start up c) lift off d) rise up 10. You must (return) _________ ____ the books that I lend you. a) hand in b) take back c) give back d) pay for