Stanford Rock Physics Laboratory - Gary Mavko

Near and Far Offset Impedances

Acoustic/Elastic Impedance
Case Study

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 Stanford Rock Physics Laboratory - Gary Mavko

Near and Far Offset Impedances

Logs + Rock Physics + Geology

Impedance Inversions - near and far offset

Calibration pdfs

Integrated classification - facies probability

Study by Tapan Mukerji, Arild Jorstad, G. Mavko, and John Reidar Granli

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Near and Far Offset Impedances

Acoustic Impedance
– near offset

2∫ R(0 )dt
IA = e
I A = ρVP

“Elastic” Impedance
– far offset

2∫ R(θ)dt
IE = e
I E = f(ρ,VP ,VS, θ)
(see, for example, Mukerji et al., and Connolly, both in SEG meeting
extended abstracts 1998)
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Near and Far Offset Impedances

Acoustic Impedance Elastic Impedance

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 Stanford Rock Physics Laboratory - Gary Mavko

Near and Far Offset Impedances

North Sea Example

Cross-plot of elastic impedance at 30o vs. acoustic impedance

for different lithofacies and fluids.

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Near and Far Offset Impedances

Near offset stack Far offset stack

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Near and Far Offset Impedances

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 Stanford Rock Physics Laboratory - Gary Mavko

Near and Far Offset Impedances

Near offset acoustic impedance vertical sections

Far offset elastic impedance vertical sections

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 Stanford Rock Physics Laboratory - Gary Mavko

Near and Far Offset Impedances

Near offset acoustic impedance time slices

Far offset elastic impedance time slices

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Near and Far Offset Impedances

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Near and Far Offset Impedances

Vertical sections showing lithofacies classification

based on linear discriminant analysis.

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IsoProbability Surfaces
Near and Far Offset Impedances

Blue at top shows 90% probability of shale. Red (middle) shows 80%
probability of oil sand.

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Near and Far Offset Impedances

Classification success rate at well.

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 Stanford Rock Physics Laboratory - Gary Mavko

Near and Far Offset Impedances

Australia Example

Cross-plot of elastic impedance vs.

acoustic impedance.

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Near and Far Offset Impedances

Classification success rate at wells.

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Near and Far Offset Impedances

Gulf of Mexico Example

Cross-plot of elastic impedance vs. acoustic impedance.

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Near and Far Offset Impedances

Gulf of Mexico Example

Cross-plot of elastic impedance vs. acoustic impedance.

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 Stanford Rock Physics Laboratory - Gary Mavko

Near and Far Offset Impedances

• Seismic inversion in conjunction with statistical rock

physics classification to map 3D spatial distribution
of facies and fluids.
• Near and Far offset impedances (AI-EI).
• Obtain not only the most likely facies, given the
inherent natural variability, but also quantify the
uncertainty.
• Framework for an efficient strategy to optimally
combine statistical techniques with physically based
seismic-to-reservoir properties transforms.

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