A Project Report On

Jaypee Water Pre Treatment Plant

Submitted by

Department of Civil Engineering

Jaypee Institute of Engineering & Technology, Guna

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to thank Mr. Sumit Gandhi & Mr. D. K. Shukla for guiding us during the visit. We would also like to thank Mr. G. K. Agarwal and Shri S. H. Mankad without whom this visit would not have been possible. Through this field visit we have learned about the treatment of water, how we get the water that is available to us for drinking and domestic purpose in hostel, annapurna and residential area of our college campus. The visit also created an awakening for using the natural resources judicially.

INTRODUCTION
Water quality is of concern to everyone; quality is the acceptability of the water for uses like drinking, cooking, bathing, and laundering. One may have concerns about taste, odors, clarity and even hardness. Water coming through private or community ways can be contaminated by local activities or by atmospheric agencies if it is open. Contaminated water may have offtastes, odors, or visible particles. Therefore Primary and Secondary water treatment is needed to determine safety and quality, after giving treatment the water testing may be done by private certified testing labs and state health laboratories to ensure the quality. Our JIET campus have own pre and secondary water treatment plant for serving water inside the campus. The pre water treatment plant is situated 16 km away from Guna and taking water from Gopi Krishna Sagar dam connected through Gopi Krishna Canal (G. K. Canal) running from the G. K. Dam upto Pagara pre water treatment plant and goes to National Fertilizer Limited (NFL). The canal is having trapezoidal cross section, well lined, and has a total length of 13.5 km. The secondary water treatment plant is situated inside the JIET campus. The present study has been made to know the function and capacity of Pagara pre water treatment plant.

The water for treatment is collected from the Gopi Krishna Canal. The inlet is provided with the Screen, Evans Plate, Sluice Valve and a V-Notch. The water from inlet is taken to the mixing tank with the help of 3 pumps. In the Mixing Tank, alum, bleaching powder and polymer Amalgazol are added to water. This is thoroughly mixed using a stirrer and then transferred to the Sedimentation Tank. In this tank water sedimentation is accelerated using FRP plates and the sediments are transferred to Sludge Beds. The water discharged from tank is the treated water. The sediments in sludge beds are filtered and the water is sent for recycling to the mixing tank. Figure 1 below shows the flow chart of Pre treatment and water supply system at Pagara.

Fig. 1: Flow Chart of Pre water treatment and water supply system at Pagara.

SOURCE OF WATER SUPPLY

The water for treatment at the plant is obtained from the Gopi Krishna Sagar Dam. The Dam is 16 km away from Guna and an extension road of 2 km runs from A - B road to the G K Sagar Dam. A canal named Gopi Krishna Canal (G. K. Canal) runs from the G. K. Dam to National Fertilizer Limited, NFL. The canal has a total length of 13.5 km and a width of approximately 4 m. The length of the Canal from Dam to the Pagara plant is 9,950 m and from the Pagara plant to NFL is 3.5 km. The depth of the canal is approximately 1m which may vary at different places because of geological factor. The canal is fully lined to avoid any seepage of water into the soil. Such type of canal is called a lined canal.

Fig. 2: Arial View of Gopi Krishna Sagar Dam The plant has an inlet capacity of 3 lakh liters per day from the G. K. canal. Government charges Rs. 1.80 per thousand liters from the College. The approximate cost of water that comes out to be: Rs. 540 for 1 day. Rs. 16, 200 for 1 month. Rs. 1, 97,100 per annum.

Fig. 3: Gopi Krishna Canal from Gopi Sagar dam to Pagara Treatment Plant

WATER INLET
About 3 lakh liters/day water is taken through inlet which is properly screened with an Evans Plate. The purpose of using the screen is to prevent the floating materials like wood, grass, papers etc. from entering the plant. The Evans Plate is placed to control the flow of inlet water. There is a lever attached to the Evans Plate which controls the Inlet.

Fig. 4: Offtaking water inlet through Screened gate

After entering the plant, the Inlet is controlled using the Sluice Valve. The sluice valve is controlled using a lever which can be rotated clockwise and anticlockwise to control the flow. The Sluice Valves are strictly designed in accordance with IS : 780 and are used for different types of purposes, but mainly they are used for water works purpose. All the valves are ISI marked. They are available in two pressure designations Pn1.0 & Pn1.6. All the major components of these valves are manufactured in our factory right from casting to final testing. These valve are tested hydraulically in accordance with IS : 780 as:

HYDROSTATIC TEST Hydrostatic Test Body Test Seat Test Pn 1.0 1.5 MPA 1.0 MPA Pn 1.6 2.4 MPA 1.6 MPA Duration Of Test 5 Min. 2 Min.

Fig. 5: Sluice Valve

Fig. 6: Sectional view and Pictographic view of Sluice Valve The discharge from the sluice valve passes over a V-Notch. The discharge from the V-Notch is 41666 litres per hour.

Fig. 7: V-Notch This discharge is passed over to the Sump Well of capacity 48000 litres and dimensions 5.5 X 3.5 X 7 metres.

Fig. 8: Sump Well SUMP WELL The water from the sump well goes to the pump room having 3 pumps of 3 Horse Power each. Then the water is sent to the Mixing tank, and the remaining water goes to the Reserve Storage Tank from the Pump Room.

Fig. 9: Three Pumps of 3 H. P. each

MIXING TANK
The mixing Tank has dimensions of 1.8 X 3.5 X 1.5 metres. In this tank Lime, Polymer Amalgazol, and Alum are mixed.

Fig. 10: Mixing Tank Bleaching Powder is CaOCl2. Bleaching Powder is used for chlorination Process in the treatment of water. Chlorine is added in the water to increase its pH value to 7. The Mixing is shown in the above picture. The quantity of Bleaching Powder added at the plant is 20 to 30 ppm per day.

Fig. 11: Bleaching Powder bag

Alum, also known as phitkari is used as a disinfectant in the treatment process. It is mixed in the same tank along with the chlorine Bleaching Powder). The quantity of Alum added at the plant is 10 ppm per day.

Fig. 12: Alum brick available at the Plant Polymer Amalgazol is also mixed in the tank along with the above 2 contents. It is added to increase the molecular mass of the impurities so that sedimentation of the impurities can take place. The quantity of Polymer added at the plant is 1 to 2.5 ppm per day.

Fig. 13: Polymer Amalgazol All these 3 materials, Bleaching Powder, Alum, Polymer Amalgazol are mixed in the same tank using big stirrers. This mixed water is then transferred to the Sedimentation Tank.

SEDIMENTATION TANK
The Sedimentation Tank or the Settler takes the inlet from the mixing tank and has a capacity of 41666 Liters. This inlet pipeline has an air vent to let the air bubbles escape and the pipe ends at the bottom of the tank.

Fig. 14: Pipeline with Air Vent This tank is separated into two parts using a large steel plate which is fixed at 60 degrees. In the First Tank the impurities lighter than water float on the water surface and are separated. The water with heavier impurities is transferred to Second Part of the Tank from below the large steel plate.

Fig. 15: Steel Plate between 2 parts of tank Then in the second part of the tank there are 40 plates of Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) fixed at 60 degrees. These plates are used to reduce the speed of the water passing through the steel plate so that the sedimentation process is faster. When the

water overflows the tank, the water is collected and transferred to the Storage Tank of Capacity of 2.5 lakh liters.

Fig. 16: FRP Plates

SLUDGE BEDS
The sediments settled at the bottom of the second part of the tank are transferred to the Sludge Beds for Recycling. The dimensions of the sludge beds are 3 X 3 X 1.2 meters. Sludge Beds have solid foundations on which aggregate is laid in such a way that bigger aggregates are at the bottom and smallest are at the top. These sludge Beds act as a filter for the water. The water through these beds goes for Recycling into the Sump Well.

Fig. 17: Sludge Bed

Pipeline from Primary to Secondary Treatment Plant: A pipeline runs from the Primary Treatment Plant to the Secondary Treatment Plant inside the college campus. The length of the Pipeliine is 8.2km, and the diameter is 8 inches. The pipeline runs parallel to A.B. Road, NH-3. The pipeline is directly connected to the Raw Fire Tank inside the college campus.