MEMORY AID - Easy Way to Remember

Choose whichever methods make most reasonable to you 1. Oxidation - Reduction Reaction : Electron Gain / Loss **LEO the lion says GER**
LEO = Loss of Electrons; GER = Gain of Electrons;

Oxidation Reduction

Or **OIL RIG**
OIL = Oxidation Is Loss (of electrons) RIG = Reduction Is Gain (of electrons)

Or ORE
Oxidation is Removal of Electrons

2. Oxidizing Reducing Agent "LEO the lion said GER / rOAR"

LEO =

Loses Electrons Oxidation

GER = Gains Electrons Reduction rOAR = Oxidizing Agent Reduced

3. Oxidation versus Reduction: Electrochemical Cell and Electron Gain / Loss Two Animals: RED CAT & AN OX

RED CAT =

REDuction occurs at the CAThode Or AN OIL RIG CAT

AN OX = OXidation occurs at the ANode

At the ANode, Oxidation Involves Loss of electrons

Reduction Involves Gaining electrons at the CAThode 4. Cathode: What happens during Electrolysis? Current Carries Cations to the Cathode for reduCtion
The anode is the electrode through which electrons flow out of a polarised electrical device (or the electrode through which current flows in)

ACID = Anode Current Into Device (During discharge) 5. Oxidation and Reduction occur during Electrolysis
At the anode electrons are removed from the negative ion;

at the Anode you get oxidAtion

At the cathode electrons are added to the positive ion;

at the Cathode you get reduCtion 6. Cation versus Anion : Positive versus Negative Charge The t in cation looks like a plus sign: "ca+ion"
Cation is positive, anion is negative.

ANion is A Negative ion 7. Cell Convention

For any electrochemical cell, oxidation always occurs at the anode and reduction always occurs at the cathode.

Keep the Vowels together & the Consonants together Oxidation at the Anode; Reduction at the Cathode
Also, when drawing a galvanic cell, most people use the convention where the anode is on the left and the cathode is on the right.

ABC to remember this convention (Anode / Bridge / Cathode)

8. Choice of a Suitable Indicator SAW Me & WASP

SAW Me = Strong Acid x Weak base Methyl orange WASP = Weak Acid x Strong base Phenolphthalein

9. Gibb's free energy formula "Good Honey Tastes Sweet"

G = H TS Or G = H TS 10. Cis / trans (Geometric) Isomers : Arrangement of Functional Groups

Cis Starts with a C and the Functional Group form a C Trans, therefore is the other one by default

11. Cis / Trans (Geometric) Isomer : E, Z - Nomenclature (E)- : the higher priority groups are on opposite sides of the double bond (Z)- : the higher priority groups are on the same side of the double bond

The letter "Z" is written in a zigzag way. If you draw a vertical line splitting it down the middle then its the same

halves (same sides of double bond). halves

The letter "E" is written differently so a vertical line splits it into different

(different sides of double bond). Or E is for "Enemies", which are on opposite sides Z is just the other way around from E Or
If the German words can be memorized

ZuSAMmEn contains part of the English word Same Or Observe the shapes of the letters "Z" and "E" Imply the reverse of the correct configuration Or
The shapes of E and

Z isomers are the opposite of the shapes of the letters E and Z

In the letter E, the horizontal strokes are all on the same side; in the E isomer, the higher priority groups are on opposite sides. In the letter Z, the horizontal strokes are on opposite sides; in the Z isomer, the higher priority groups are on the same side

12. Substitution Order on a Benzene ring

R = Position of primary substituent #1 O = Ortho = position #2 M = Meta = position #3 P = Para = position #4 Or

13. Heterogeneous Catalysis HARD Hetero = Adsorption + Reaction + Desorption

14. Dicarboxylic Acids C2 through C10 : Common Names Onnu Millai Summa GAPSAS Or Oh My, Such Good Apple Pie, Sweet As Sugar! Or Oh My Son Go And Play Oxalic acid Malonic acid Succinic acid Glutaric acid Adipic acid Pimelic acid

Suberic acid Azelaic acid Sebacic acid 15. Aldohexoses All altruists gladly make gum in gallon tanks
All = Allose, Altruists = Altrose, gladly = Glucose, make = Manose, gum = Gulose, in = Idose, gallon = Galactose, tanks = Talose

16. Homo Diatomic Molecules BrINClHOF

Pronounced Brinklehoff

Help Our Needy Class Find Brains Immediately

For: H O N Cl F Br I

Or Horses Need Oats For Clear Brown Is / I Never Fish On His Clean Brook
7 elements (hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine) appear in nature as diatomic molecules. Eg. H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2 and I2

Or

The last six form a large 7 in the Periodic Table 17. List of the Common Non-metals in Decreasing Order of Electro Negativity F, O, Cl, N, Br, I, S, CH
Pronounced fossil n brisk to help

18. C10 to C20 Natural Fatty Acids "Curly, Larry & Moe Perform Silly Antics"
Capric, Lauric, Myristic, Palmitic, Stearic and Arachidic (Note that the names of the three stooges are in alphabetical order)

19. Sixth, Eighth, and Tenth members of the Fatty Acid Series
Second vowels of the three words Caproic, Caprylic, and Capric acids are o, y, and i . Memorized as "Oh my eye"

20. Electron Shells / Energy Levels of Electrons Sticky paint dries fast / Some People Don't Fear
s, p, d, f 21. Orbital Names for Electrons Before Alphabetical Order Begins

Sober People Dont Find Good In Killing

s, p, d, f, g, i, k. After that, Alphabetical Order Begins 22. Test for Acids

BRAin /

coBRA Blue Litmus Turns Red in Acid Medium

23. Lewis Theory LEwis theory deals with the Electrons 24. Appropriate Locations of the Variables on a Graph DRY MIX
DRY represents Dependent Responding Y-axis MIX represents Manipulated Independent X-axis

25. Mohs Hardness Scale To Get Calcite From Any Old Quarry Takes Constant Digging
To = Talc, Get = Gypsum, Calcite = Calcite, From = Fluorite, Any = Apatite, Old = Orthoclase Feldspar, Quarry = Quartz, Takes = Topaz, Constant = Corundum,

Digging = Diamond. The first letter of each word is the first letter of the mineral in the hardness scale in order from 1 to10 with 1 being the softest mineral & 10 being the hardest mineral.