not + any

no

none
The car p ark is em pty.

El aparcamiento est vaco.

T here aren t an y cars.

T here are no cars.

No hay coches / ningn coche.

H ow m any cars are there in the car park?

N one. Nlnguno.

an y se usa en las frases negativas (not ... an y):

There aren t an y cars in the c a r p ark. No hay co ch e s/n in g n coche ...
S ally and Steve h aven t got an y children. ... no tienen hijos.
You can have some coffee but I d o n t w an t an y.
... pero yo no quiero.
no + sustantivo (no cars / no garden etc.)
no ... = not + an y ... o not + a /an ...:
T here are no cars in the car p a rk . {= there aren t an y cars in the car p ark.)
W eve got no coffee. (= W e h av en t got an y coffee)
Its a nice house but theres no garden . (= there isn t a garden)
Se usa

no ... especialmente detrs de h ave (got) y there is/are.

Observa y compara:
verbo negativo

T hey havent got an y ch ildren.

(no T hey havent got no c h ild re n .)
There isn t an y sugar in yo ur coffee.

+ an y = verbo afirmativo + no
No tienen hijos.
T h eyve got no children.
No hay a z c a r...

T h eres no su gar in yo ur coffee.

no y none
no va seguido de un sustantivo (no m oney / no children etc.):
W eve got no m oney. No tenemos dinero.
E verything w as OK. T here w ere no problem s.

... no hubo problem as/nin g n problema.

none se usa solo, en lugar de no + sustantivo:

H ow m uch m oney have you g o t? N one. (= no m oney)
W ere there an y pro b lem s? No, no n e. (= no problem s)

. . . Nada.
...'Ninguno.'

none y no-one
none (= nada, ninguno/ninguna') responde a las preguntas H ow m uch? (= Cunto/Cunta?) y H ow m an y?
(Cuntos/Cuntas?):

H ow much m oney have you g o t?

H ow m an y people did you m eet?

N o n e. (= no m oney)
N o ne. (= no people)

no-one = nadie') significa lo mismo que nobody (=> U nidad 78 ). Responde a la pregunta W h o ?:
W ho did you m eet?

negacin =

UN ID A D

43

N o -o n e.

some y any =>

U N ID A D

A quin conociste?'

76

An ad ie.'

anybody/nobody/nothing etc. => j U N ID A D E S 78-79

U N ID A D

77

EJERCICIOS
77.1

Escribe estas frases de nuevo usando

1
2
3
4

W e h aven t got an y m oney.

T here aren t an y shops near here.
C arol h asn t got an y free tim e.
T here isnt a lig h t in this room .

Escribe estas frases de nuevo usando

5
6
7
8
77.2

Completa las frases con

difference
questions

any o no y una de las palabras siguientes:

film

friends

furniture

heating

photographs

H ow
H ow
H ow
H ow
H ow

m any
m any
m uch
m any
m any

none donde sea necesario.

letters did you w rite yesterd ay? ...1^.9.;.,/ .A lo t . / None.........................................................................................

sisters have you got? ........................................................................................................................................................
coffee did you d rin k yesterd ay? .................................................................................................................................
photographs have you taken to day? ........................................................................................................................
legs has a snake got? ........................................................................................................................................................

Traduce al ingls:

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

m oney

Everything w as OK. There w ere ..0 probUws...........

T hey w a n t to go on h o lid ay but th eyve g o t ...........................................................................
Im not going to a n s w e r...........................................................................
H es a lw ays alone. H es g o t ...........................................................................
There i s .........................................................................between these two m achines. T h eyre ex actly the same.
There w asn t ......................................................................... in the room. It w as com pletely em pty.
I tried to phone you yesterday but there w a s ...........................................................................
The house is cold because there isnt ...........................................................................
I c an t t a k e ........................................................................... T heres .......................................................................... in the cam era.

Da respuestas breves (una o dos palabras) usando

1
2
3
4
5
77.5

no, an y o none.

T here aren t ...................p ictures on the w all.

T he w eath er w as cold but there w a s ................... w in d.
I w an ted to buy some oranges but th ey d id n t h a v e ................... in the shop.
E verything w as correct. T here w e r e ................... m istakes.
H ow m uch luggage have yo u g o t? ......................
H ow m uch luggage have you go t? I havent g o t ......................

an sw er
problem s

77.4

no o con any.

Completa las frases usando

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

..W
&
......
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................

T heres
su gar in yo ur coffee.
M y brother is m arried but he h asn t g o t ............. children.
Sue doesnt s p e a k ............. foreign lan guages.
Im afraid th eres ............. coffee. W o uld you like some tea?
Look at those b ird s! B irds? W here? I can t s e e ............. birds.
Do you know w here Ja n e is? No, Ive g o t ............. id ea.

Completa las frases con

7
8
9
10
11
12

.. Y$. ,9?fr.
....
T here are ................. ...........................................................................
.................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................

an y.

W eve got no m oney.

T heres no tea in the pot.
There are no buses to d ay.
Tom has go t no brothers or sisters.

1
2
3
4
5
6

77.3

no.

No voy a g astar dinero hoy. (g astar = spend)

Ana com pr dos cam isas, pero yo no com pr n inguna.
H ay caf? S, pero no h ay leche.
M an uel y San d ra no tienen am igos en Londres.
C un to az car quieres? N ad a.
No h ay restaurantes japoneses en esta ciudad, (japons = Jap an ese)
A quin ests esperando? A n ad ie .
No com n ad a de fruta ayer.
C un tos vasos h ay en la m esa? N in gu no .
N o tengo sellos. Tienes t? (sellos = stam ps)

not + anybody/anyone/anything
nobody/no-one/nothing
not + anything
nothing

not + anybody/anyone
nobody/no-one

There isn t

anybody
in the room .
anyone

There isn t an yth in g in the bag.

No hay n a d a ...

No hay n a d ie ...

nobody
no-one

There is

in the room .

T here is nothing in the bag.

No hay n a d a ...

No hay n a d ie ...

A: W ho is in the room ?
B: N obody. / N o-one.
(-body y -one significan lo mismo)

A: W h ats in the bag?

B: N othing.

not + anybody/anyone
I dont know an yb o dy (o anyone) here.

not + anything
I c an t rem em ber anything.
No me acuerdo de nada.

No conozco a nadie aqu.

nobody = not + anybody

no-one = not + anyone
Im lonely. Ive got nobody to talk to.
(= I havent got anybody)
... No tengo a nadie con quin hablar.
The house is em pty. T here is no-one in it.
(= There isn t anyone in it.)
La casa est vaca. No hay nadie dentro.

nothing = not anything

She said nothing.
( - She didn t say an yth in g.)
No dijo nada.

T heres nothing to eat.

(= There isn t an yth in g to eat.)
No hay nada para comer.

Se puede usar nobody/no-one/nothing com o sujeto al principio de una frase o solos para responder
a una pregunta:

N othing happened, (no i t didn t happen

an yth in g . ) No pas nada.
W h at did you s a y ? N o th in g.

The house is em pty. N obody lives there.

La casa est vaca. Nadie vive all.
W ho did you speak to ? N o-one.
Con quin hablaste?'

Recuerda que

Con nadie.

Qu has dicho?

Nada.

anybody/anyone/anything se comportan como any.

Nobody/no-one/nothing se comportan com o no:

verbo negativo + anybody/anyone/anything
verbo afirmativo + nobody/no-one/nothing

He doesnt know an yth in g, (no He doesnt know n o th in g.) No sabe nada.

D ont tell anybody, (no D ont tell n o b ody. ) No se lo digas a nadie.
There is nothing to do in this tow n, (no T here isn t nothing ...)
No hay nada que hacer en esta ciudad.

some y a n y :

UN ID A D

76

any y no => 1U N IO A D 77

somcbody/anything/nowhere etc. => 1U N ID A D 79

UN ID AD

78

EJERCICIOS
78.1

Escribe estas frases de nuevo usando

1
2
3
4
5
6
78.2

There isn t an yth in g in the bag.

There isn t an yb o d y in the office.
I havent got an yth in g to do.
There isn t an yth in g on TV.
There w asn t anyone at hom e.
W e didn t find anything.

Escribe estas frases de nuevo usando

1
2
3
4
5
6
78.3

nobody/no-one o nothing.

Theres nothing in the bag.

There w as nobody on the bus.
Ive got nothing to read.
Ive got no-one to help me.
She heard nothing.
W eve got nothing for dinner.

Responde usando

la
2a
3a
4a

T heres ..................................................
I ................................................................
...................................................................
...................................................................
...................................................................

anybody/anyone o anything.
There w asn t .......................................
....................................................................
....................................................................
.............................................................. .....
....................................................................

nobody/no-one o nothing.

W h at did you say? ...Mottling.-.

W ho saw you? ...Nobody.,...
W h at do you w an t? ...............
W ho did you m eet? ................

5a
6a
7a
8a

W ho know s the answ er?

W hat did you buy? ..........
W h at happened? ..............
W ho w as late? ...................

Responde las mismas preguntas con frases completas.

Usa

nobody/no-one/nothing o an ybody/anyone/any thing.

lb . 1
s a y amjti Lng.
2b Nobody, saw roe.
3b I dont ............................................
4b I ........................................................
78.4

Completa las frases usando

5b
6b
7b
8b

....................................................................................the answ er.

.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................

nobody/no-one/nothing/anybody/anyone/anything.

1 T hat house is em pty. ..Nobody ]ves there.

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

78.5

Jack has a bad m em ory. H e can t rem em ber ...<^yty!k!9....

Be quiet! Dont s a y ..............................................
I didnt know about the m eeting............................................. told me.
W h at did you have to e at? ............................................. I w asn t h u n gry.
I didnt e a t ............................................. I w asn t hungry.
Jenny w as sitting alone. She w asn t w it h .............................................
Im afraid I can t help you. T h eres ...........................................I can do.
I dont k n o w ........................................... about car engines.
The museum is free. It doesnt c o s t...........................................to go in.
I heard a knock on the door but when 1 opened it there w a s ...........................................there.
She spoke very fast. I didn t u n d erstan d .............................................
W hat are you doing this evening? ............................................. W h y?
Helen has gone a w a y ............................................. know s w here she is. She did n t t e l l............................................ where
she w as going.

Traduce al ingls:

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

Era tarde y no h ab a nadie en la calle.

H ay algo en esta caja?
No hay n ad a en la nevera.
N adie sabe que me voy m a an a, (irse = leave)
Estuve en unas cuan tas tiendas pero no com pr nada.
Liz no quiere ver a nadie.
Q uin habla ruso a q u ? N ad ie. (ruso = R ussian)
Qu tienes en la m an o ? N ad a.
No entend n ada porque h ab lab an m uy rpido, (rpido = quickly)
H ay alguien esperando al doctor?

157

somebody/anything/nowhere etc.

?
?

LONDON
?
?
?

Som ebody (o someone,) has broken

the w indow .

T here is som ething in her m outh.

Tom lives som ew here near London,

somebody/someone = alguien

som ething = algo

som ew here = en algn sitio

Los compuestos de

some-/any-/no- (som ebody/anything/nowhere etc.) se usan en frases afirmativas, negativas o

some/any/no (=> Unidades 76-77).

interrogativas igual que

personas

(-body o -onej

som ebody o som eone

an yb o dy o anyone
nobody o no-one

T here is som ebody (o someone) in the garden. Hay alguien ..

Is there an yb o dy (o anyone) in the garden ? Hay alguien ...?
T here isn t an yb o dy (o anyone) in the g arden . N o h a y n a d ie .
T here is nobody (o no-one) in the garden. No hay nadie ...

-body y -one son lo mismo: som ebody = som eone, nobody = no-one, etc.
cosas

(-thing,)

She said som ething but I didn t understand her. Dijo algo .
Are you doing an yth in g this evening? Haces algo ...?
I w as an gry but I didn t say an yth in g. ... pero no dije nada.
W h at did you s a y ? N o th in g. ... 'Nada.'

lugares (-w here)

T hey live som ew here in the south of England. Viven en algn lu g a r...
Did you go an yw h ere interesting for yo ur h o lidays? Fuiste a algn sitio interesante ...?
Im stayin g here. Im not going an yw h ere. ... No voy a ningn sitio.
I dont like this tow n. T here is now here to go. ... ningn sitio donde ir.

som ewhere
anyw here
nowhere

som ething/anybody etc. pueden llevar detrs un adjetivo (big/cheap/interesting etc.)

Did you m eet an yb o d y interesting at the p arty? Conociste a alguien interesante ...?
W e alw ays go to the sam e place. Lets go som ew here different. ... Vamos a algn otro sitio.
W h ats th at letter? i t s nothing im p o rtan t. ... No es nada importante.'

som ething/anybody etc. pueden llevar detrs un infinitivo (to ...):

Im hungry. I w an t som ething to eat. ... algo para comer.
He hasn t go t an ybody to ta lk to. ... nadie con quien hablar.
There is now here to go in this tow n.
... ningn sitio donde i r ...

some y any :

U N ID A D

76

any y no =

U N ID A D

77

anybody/nothing etc. => IU N ID A O 78

everything/-body/-where

U N ID A D

79

EJERCICIOS
79.1

Completa las frases con

somebody (o someone) / something / somewhere.

She said somea-iing

Ive lo s t ......................................
T hey w e n t ......................................
Im goin g to p h o n e ......................................
79.2

Responde con

la
2a
3a
4a

nobody (o no-one) / nothing / nowhere.

W h at did you say?

W here are you going?
W h at do you w an t?
W ho are you looking for?

Ahora responde con frases completas. Usa

not + anybody/anything/anywhere.

Ib
2b Im not ......................................................................
79.3

Completa las frases con

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
79.4

3b
4b .........................................

som ebody/anything/nowhere etc.

Its d ark . I c a n t see

.
Tom lives
near London.
Do you k n o w ...........................................................ab o ut com puters?
L isten ! W h at? I can t h e a r .............................................................
W h at are you doing here? i m w a itin g f o r .............................................................
Please listen carefully. T h eres ...........................................................I w an t to tell you.
D id ...........................................................see the accid en t? N o ,...............................................................
W e w eren t h un gry, so w e d id n t e a t .............................................................
W h ats goin g to happen? i dont kn o w ................................................................. kn o w s.
Do you k n o w .......................................................... in L ondon? Yes, a few people.
W h ats in th at cup b o ard ? ............................................................. Its em p ty.
Im lo o king for m y glasses. I c a n t find th e m .............................................................
I dont like cold w eather. I w an t to liv e .......................................................... w arm .
Is th e re ...........................................................interesting on television tonight?
H ave you ever m e t...........................................................fam ous?

Completa las frases usando una palabra de cada cuadro. Puedes usar las palabras del cuadro

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
79.5

/ W h a t d d she say?
W h at have you lost?
W here did they go?
V^Who are you going to p h o n e ? /

som ething
som ewhere

anything
anyw here

nothing
nowhere

do
play

drink
read

eat
sit

A Marias veces.
gstay

W e dont go out very much because theres . nouh&e to go _

There isnt an y food in the house. W e havent g o t ...........................................................................
Im bored. I've g o t ...........................................................................
W hy are you stan d in g? Because there isnt ...........................................................................
W ould you lik e .........................................................................? Yes, please - a glass of orange ju ice.
All the hotels w ere full. There w a s ...........................................................................
I w a n t............................................................................Im going to buy a m agazine.
C hildren n e e d ...........................................................................

Traduce al ingls:

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

H ay alguien aqu?
Viste algo ex tra o ? N o, n a d a . (extrao = strange)
H ay alguien en la casa.
Vam os a algn sitio el dom ingo?
Llovi ayer. No fuim os a ningn sitio.
Alguien ha estado en mi h abitacin. La ventana est abierta.
H ay algo interesante en esta revista? (revista = m agazine)
Puedes darm e algo de beber, por favor?
159