Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
Daro Gmez
Comisin Nacional de Energa Atmica
Universidad Nacional de San Martn
Universidad de Buenos Aires
Seminario transporte y cambio climtico en Argentina. San Martn. 22 de septiembre de 2010
z Emisiones de g
gases de efecto invernadero
{ CO2, CH4 y N2O
y contaminantes clsicos del aire
{ CO, NOx, PM, SO2 y COV
provenientes del transporte automotor en el AMBA
A. DAngiola, L.E. Dawidowski, D.R. Gmez, M. Osses. On-road traffic emissions in a megacity. Atmospheric
Environment, 44(4),
( ) 483-493, 2010
A. DAngiola, L. Dawidowski, D. Gmez. Development of spatially disaggregated on-road emission inventories
for the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Newsletter of the International Global Atmospheric
Chemistry Project, 40, 12-22, 2009
A. D'Angiola, M. Osses, L. Dawidowski, D. Gmez. Retrofitting to CNG in South America: positive and negative
effects on on-road mobile emissions at local and regional levels. 2009 GEIA-ACCENT Open Conference
Emissions of Gases and Aerosols Progress and Modeling Needs, Oslo, 26-28 octubre 2009
N. Coppari, D. Gmez, V. Caadas, L. Dawidowski, J. Giubergia, S. Jensen, D. Maur, F. Rey. Assessment of
greenhouse gas mitigation strategies for the energy system of Argentina. Joint ICTP-IAEA Workshop on
Alternative Response Actions to Climate Change and Energy Options, Trieste , 5-9 octubre 2009.
Nmero
de
vehculos
=
{
tipo
motor en caliente
tecnologa
motor fro
antigedad
z Evaporativas
Combustible
km recorridos
x
por
p
x
vehculo
{
Factor de
emisin
(g/km)
condiciones de
manejo
convertidor cataltico
velocidades
mantenimiento
temperaturas medias
medias
compuestos
CNRT
Opinin experta
orgnicos
DNRPA
Informes (BSU)
voltiles
ENARGAS
Santiago.
GCBA
Consumo de
combustible (CM)
Categora
Clasificacin
de vehculos
en 2006
segn 35
categoras
AP1
AP2
AP3
AP4
AP5
AP6
AP7
AP8
AP9
TX1
TX2
TX3
TX4
TX5
VU1
VU2
VU3
VU4
VU5
VU6
VU7
VU8
VU9
CM1
CM2
CM3
CM4
CM5
CM6
CM7
CM8
CP1
CP2
BU
BLD
Tipo de vehculo
Automviles particulares
Automviles particulares
Automviles p
particulares
Automviles particulares
Automviles particulares
Automviles particulares
Automviles particulares
Automviles particulares
A t il particulares
Automviles
ti l
Taxis
Taxis
Taxis
Taxis
Taxis
Vehculos utilitarios
Vehculos utilitarios
Vehculos utilitarios
Vehculos utilitarios
Vehculos utilitarios
Vehculos utilitarios
Vehculos utilitarios
Vehculos utilitarios
Vehculos utilitarios
Medianos
Medianos
Medianos
Medianos
Medianos
Medianos
Medianos
Medianos
Pesados
Pesados
Buses urbanos
Buses larga distancia
Combustible
nafta
nafta
nafta
nafta
diesel oil
diesel oil
diesel oil
GNC
GNC
diesel oil
diesel oil
diesel oil
GNC
GNC
nafta
nafta
nafta
nafta
diesel oil
diesel oil
diesel oil
GNC
GNC
nafta
nafta
nafta
diesel oil
diesel oil
diesel oil
GNC
GNC
diesel oil
diesel oil
diesel oil
diesel oil
Control de
emisiones
No
No
S
S
No
S
S
No
S
No
S
S
No
S
No
No
S
S
No
S
S
S
No
S
No
S
S
No
S
S
No
S
No
S
S
S
Periodo de
registo
<=1996
1997-2000
2001-2003
2004-2006
<=2000
2001-2003
2004-2006
<=2000
2001 2006
2001-2006
<=2000
2001-2003
2004-2006
<=2000
2001-2006
2001
2006
<=1996
1997-2000
2001-2003
2004-2006
<=2000
2001-2003
2004-2006
<=2000
2001-2006
<=2000
2001-2003
2001
2003
2004-2006
<=2000
2001-2003
2004-2006
<=2000
2001-2006
<=2000
2001-2006
<=2006
<=2006
km-V
7.000
7.700
8.470
9.300
20.000
22.000
24.200
29.000
31 900
31.900
60.000
60.000
60.000
60.000
60.000
7.000
7.700
8.470
9.300
20.000
22.000
24.200
29.000
31.900
18.000
19 800
19.800
21.780
55.000
60.500
66.550
67.500
74.250
75.000
82.500
80.000
13.500
Flota
913.768
272.247
222.503
62.244
170.826
81.822
10.695
158.141
115 187
115.187
19.648
6.534
1.586
5.071
5.559
56.542
15.162
12.204
544
85.517
22 64
22.647
795
20.363
11.698
31.603
4 545
4.545
357
42.471
20.292
556
5.989
10.952
24.486
5.798
9.654
10.560
2.438.569
CO2
CH4
N2O
CO
VOCs
NMVOCs
NOX
PM
SO2
AP1
ID
299
0.184
0.013
53.51 (29.10-88.08)
5.05 (1.46-8.42)
4.87 (1.28-8.24)
1.43 (0.82-2.12)
0.003
0.1136
AP2
299
0.184
0.013
17.23 (9.42-36.66)
1.97 (1.05-3.04)
1.78 (0.87-2.86)
0.87 (0.39-1.44)
0.003
0.1136
AP3
213
0.038
0.032
20.46 (13.74-33.14)
1.59 (0.45-3.46)
1.55 (0.42-3.42)
1.16 (0.61-1.74)
0.003
0.0810
AP4
213
0.043
0.017
2.58 (1.31-23.64)
0.26 (0.06-0.58)
0.21 (0.02-0.54)
0.19 (0.06-0.98)
0.003
0.0810
AP5
213
0.034
0.000
0.82
0.22
0.18
0.58
0.285
0.2016
AP6
182
0.016
0.002
0.55
0.08
0.06
0.67
0.078
0.1720
AP7
182
0.009
0.005
0.46
0.05
0.04
0.73
0.065
0.1720
AP8
CNG
236
0.709
0.068
6.36 (2.00-18.23)
2.27 (0.78-3.74)
1.56 (0.24-2.79)
1.74 (1.05-3.70)
0.000
0.0002
AP9
CNG
168
0.709
0.068
6.36 (2.00-18.23)
2.27 (0.78-3.74)
1.56 (0.24-2.79)
1.74 (1.05-3.70)
0.000
0.0001
TX1
213
0 033
0.033
0 000
0.000
0 82
0.82
0 22
0.22
0 18
0.18
0 58
0.58
0 285
0.285
0 2016
0.2016
TX2
182
0.015
0.002
0.55
0.08
0.06
0.67
0.078
0.1720
TX3
182
0.008
0.004
0.46
0.05
0.04
0.73
0.065
0.1720
TX4
CNG
236
0.709
0.068
6.36 (2.00-18.23)
2.27 (0.78-3.74)
1.56 (0.24-2.79)
1.74 (1.05-3.70)
0.000
0.0002
TX5
CNG
168
0.709
0.068
6.36 (2.00-18.23)
2.27 (0.78-3.74)
1.56 (0.24-2.79)
1.74 (1.05-3.70)
0.000
0.0001
VU1
367
0.184
0.013
81.47 (27.46-146.58)
8.93 (5.21-13.34)
8.74 (5.03-13.16)
2.62 (1.43-3.73)
0.003
0.1392
VU2
367
0.184
0.013
14.84 (9.94-33.14)
1.97 (1.69-6.74)
1.79 (1.50-6.56)
0.99 (0.65-3.32)
0.003
0.1392
VU3
286
0.038
0.032
15.44 (6.81-22.85)
1.10 (0.31-1.81)
1.06 (0.28-1.77)
0.94 (0.29-1.59)
0.003
0.1085
VU4
285
0.043
0.017
7.36 (3.21-23.19)
0.48 (0.21-0.75)
0.44 (0.17-0.70)
0.46 (0.21-0.80)
0.003
0.1082
VU5
213
0.034
0.000
0.82
0.22
0.18
0.90
0.285
0.2016
VU6
234
0.016
0.002
0.55
0.12
0.10
0.67
0.078
0.2209
VU7
234
0.009
0.005
0.46
0.14
0.14
0.73
0.065
0.2209
VU8
CNG
289
0.709
0.068
10.81 (4.03-19.67)
2.27 (0.95-3.50)
1.56 (0.24-2.79)
2.51 (1.46-3.92)
0.000
0.0002
VU9
CNG
225
0.709
0.068
10.81 (4.03-19.67)
2.27 (0.95-3.50)
1.56 (0.24-2.79)
2.51 (1.46-3.92)
0.000
0.0002
CM1
365
0.184
0.013
33.33 (20.90-53.29)
4.56 (3.04-7.42)
4.38 (2.85-7.23)
1.23 (0.92-1.43)
0.003
0.1387
CM2
365
0.038
0.044
26.4 (22.89-32.79)
3.11 (0.13-8.11)
3.07 (0.09-8.07)
1.61 (0.62-2.41)
0.003
0.1387
CM3
365
0 043
0.043
0 036
0.036
22 48 (19
22.48
(19.49-27.92)
49-27 92)
2 23 (0
2.23
(0.10-5.82)
10-5 82)
2 19 (0
2.19
(0.05-5.78)
05-5 78)
1 49 (0
1.49
(0.58-2.24)
58-2 24)
0 003
0.003
0 1387
0.1387
CM4
279
0.034
0.000
1.37
0.18
0.15
2.05
0.367
0.2638
CM5
252
0.016
0.002
0.51
0.18
0.17
1.26
0.100
0.2378
CM6
252
0.009
0.005
0.51
0.18
0.17
1.26
0.100
0.2378
CM7
CNG
288
0.709
0.068
1.6 (0.60-4.60)
0.80 (0.45-1.35)
0.09 ( / - 0.64)
1.85 (0.75-3.50)
0.000
0.0002
CM8
CNG
288
0.709
0.068
1.6 (0.60-4.60)
0.80 (0.45-1.35)
0.09 ( / - 0.64)
1.85 (0.75-3.50)
0.000
0.0002
CP1
837
0.171
0.029
3.88 (2.11-7.13)
3.69 (2.15-8.28)
3.52 (1.98-8.10)
8.92 (4.37-12.14)
1.054 (0.430-1.880)
0.7906
CP2
837
0.171
0.011
1.83 (1.11-5.84)
0.69 (0.53-1.35)
0.52 (0.35-1.18)
5.61 (3.50-8.37)
0.170 (0.064-0.486)
0.7906
BU
771
0.111
0.012
6.09 (4.66-11.02)
1.43 (1.04-1.83)
1.32 (0.93-1.72)
15.98 (12.98-18.59)
0.190 (0.090-0.473)
0.7283
BLD
Seminario
transporte
y cambio
climtico
en Argentina
Argentina.
. San Martn,
Martn
, 22 de septiembre
de 2010
D
893
0.111
0.011
6.09 (4.66-11.02)
1.43 (1.04-1.83)
1.32 (0.93-1.72)
15.98 (12.98-18.59)
0.190 (0.090-0.473)
0.8437
Incertidumbres: CH4 ~ N2O ((140%)) > PM ((50%)) > CO ~ NMVOC ((40%)) > NOx ((20%)) > CO2 ~ SO2 ((10%))
Seminario transporte y cambio climtico en Argentina
Argentina.. San Martn,
Martn, 22 de septiembre de 2010
Pesados diesel
80%
Livianosdiesel
60%
40%
LivianosGNC
20%
Li i
Livianosnafta
ft
0%
Emisiones especficas:
toneladas de CO por combustible (TJ)
AMBA 2006
Australia
Comunidad Europea (15)
Japn
Estados Unidos
AMBA (2006) ~ Australia (1998) ~ EE. UU. (1997) ~ CE (1991) >> Japn (1990-2006)
Emisiones especficas:
toneladas de CH4 por combustible (TJ)
AMBA 2006
Australia
Comunidad Europea (15)
Japn
Estados Unidos
AMBA (2006) >> pases de referencia: emisiones de los vehculos convertidos a GNC
industrias
de la energa
80%
industrias
manufactureras
60%
comercial
y pblico
40%
residencial
20%
t
transporte
t
0%
CO2
CH4
N2O
CO
COV
NOx
PM
SO2
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
120000
100000
80000
60000
40000
20000
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
120000
100000
80000
60000
40000
20000
1970
0
1971
1
1972
2
1973
3
1974
4
1975
5
1976
6
1977
7
1978
8
1979
9
1980
0
1981
1
1982
2
1983
3
1984
4
1985
5
1986
6
1987
7
1988
8
1989
9
1990
0
1991
1
1992
2
1993
3
1994
4
1995
5
1996
6
1997
7
1998
8
1999
9
2000
0
2001
1
2002
2
2003
3
2004
4
2005
5
2006
6
2007
7
2008
8
2009
9
2010
0
2011
1
2012
2
2013
3
2014
4
2015
5
2016
6
2017
7
2018
8
2019
9
2020
0
2021
1
2022
2
2023
3
2024
4
2025
5
120000
Mayor
y insercin hidro-nuclear
100000
Eficiencia energtica
80000
60000
40000
20000
Conclusiones
z Un inventario de emisin es una foto y un proceso: tenemos
algunas fotos pero no tenemos un proceso
{
El AMBA e
exhibe
hibe ma
mayores
ores ni
niveles
eles de emisiones especficas q
que
e los pases
desarrollados
Conclusiones (2)
z Las implicancias ambientales de la introduccin del GNC muestran
que
{
{
>80%
80% de las emisiones de CH4, N2O, CO y COV
Muchas gracias
Daro Gmez
dgomez@cnea.gov.ar