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Early Alphabetic Scripts Greek Latin

600

Samaritan
Archaic Greek existed in Probably evolved

Jewish

Arabic
Syriac

Greek
Latin
different local variations, but from Etruscan, it 500

Mandaic
Ethiopian
Syriac manuscript, 11th c. AD
around the 4th c. BC, Ionian became the script
Jewish Arabic was adopted universally and of Western 400
Developed from Developed from became the classical Greek civilization
Aramaic by Jews the Nabataean script.

Palmyrene
around the 2nd c. starting from the 300
BC to write 6th c. AD Samaritan manuscript Old Hebrew alphabet
Hebrew language.
200
Nabataean

Hatran
Elymaic
Hatran Developed by the
Nabataean Arabs 100
Syriac Upper Tigris (Harta
is an oasis immigrated into the
Appeared in c. 1st AD in
between the land of Edom and 0
North Syria & Upper
Euphrates and the established their
Euphrates. Is the
Tigris) centre at Petra.
language of the Syrian 100
Christians whose centre Jewish (square Hebrew) Mandaic, 5th-6th c.AD
was in Edessa
200

Palmyrene
North Syria & Upper 300
Euphrates Samaritan Hebrew (Old Hebrew)
Evolved from Appeared in Judah & Israel around
the Old c. 10th BC. It was replaced by 400
Aramaic, Nabataean & Arabic alphabets
Mandaic Hebrew. Aramaic after the Babylonian Exile
Developed by the Proto-Sinaitic
and it ceased to be used at all by 500
Mandaeans on the Iraq- inscription, Sinai the 1st c. AD.
Pennisula 1700 BC.
Iran border. Proto-Sinaitic, Phoenician & Greek alphabets
600

Elymaic 700
Evolved from Aramaic
and adopted by the
Elymais 800

Archaic Greek
900

Phoenician
Ethiopian manuscript The Alphabet was
introduced to
Greece by the 1000
Phoenicians
between 1100-
Aramaic 1100
800BC.
Originated in ancient Syria (Aram), it became the
The Greeks
lingua franca of the Ancient Near East by the Assyrian Phoenician introduced vowel
Empire & later the Achaemenid Persian Empire. 1200
A "consonantal signs to improve
alphabet", a direct the West Semitic
Ethiopian South-Arabic descendent of the Proto- consonantal 1300
Evolved from the The South Arabian alphabet Sinaitic script. system.
Proto-Arabic
Old South Arabic was used primarily in the the Proto-Arabic is the 1400
Proto-Canaanite
Proto-Canaanite

script which was area of the ancient intermediate stage


South-Arabic alphabet introduced by the kingdoms of Saba, Ma'in, between Proto- (Proto-Sinaitic)
South Arabians Qataban, Ausan and A descendant script from the Egyptian 1500
Canaanite and South-
into nearby Africa Hadramauth. This type of Arabic. It is thought to hieroglyphs and the first consonantal alphabet.
across the Bab El- writing was not limited to South have diverged from the Developed by West-Semitic population in 1600
Mandeb straits. Arabia only, some inscriptions Proto-Sinaitic alphabet Egypt. Early inscriptions were found in Sinai &
were discovered in Babylonia. as early as 1300 BC. Upper Egypt.
1700
Based on “Early History of the Alphabet” by Joseph Naveh, 2005. Summary & Design by: Rafik Nassif
Alphabets from www.ancientscripts.com http://my-e-biblio.blogspot.com/

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