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Brenda Hoddinott
I-08 BEGINNER: CARTOONS & CRITTERS
With a focus on improving your observation skills, you first sketch Tuttles proportions within a simple grid, then outline him with nice neat lines and finally add shading. The following three sections guide you step-by-step through this project: SKETCHING BASIC PROPORTIONS: The drawing of Tuttle is based on a common species of box turtle. In this section, your goal is to sketch the various parts of Tuttle on your drawing paper proportionately correct. You divide a rectangular drawing format into six squares to create a simple grid to help you draw everything in its proper place. OUTLINING SHAPES AND SPACES: This section of the lesson is designed to enhance your observation skills, and subsequently refine your abilities to translate what you see into a drawing. I offer very few written instructions; rather, you rely primarily on your observation skills. You begin by erasing the grid lines, and then use a freshly sharpened 2B pencil to replace the initial rough sketch with dark, thin outlines. Your goal is to focus on drawing neat accurate lines that provide more detailed information about the various components of Tuttle. HATCHING VARIOUS VALUES: In this section, you add shading to Tuttle with hatching graduations. A full range of values from light to dark gives contrast between the light and the shadow areas. Light affects the placement and value of every section of shading in a drawing. The light source in this drawing is from the right. Therefore, the overall values need to be lighter on the right than on the left. You need basic drawing supplies including good quality white paper, different grades of graphite pencils (such as 2H, HB, 2B, 4B, and 6B), kneaded and vinyl erasers, and a pencil sharpener.
18 PAGES 30 ILLUSTRATIONS
This project is recommended for artists from age 12 to adult, as well as home schooling, academic and recreational fine art educators. Published by Hoddinott Fine Art Publishers, Halifax, NS, Canada 2004 (Revised 2006)
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1)
Draw a rectangle as your drawing format. Your rectangle needs to be proportionate to mine, such as 4 by 6, 6 by 9, or 8 by 12 inches. Use a 2H or HB pencil.
2)
Divide the rectangle into six same-size squares. Measure and divide the height in half and the width into thirds.
Several species of animals, including some types of turtles, are in danger of becoming extinct. Too many box turtles are currently being taken from their natural habitats, and sold into the pet trade. Subsequently, consumers who buy these turtles are inadvertently contributing to the demise of the wild population. No matter how much humans love their pet turtles, the fact remains that these animals are often deprived of freedom, the company of other turtles, a healthy natural environment, familiar foods, and most importantly of all, an opportunity to breed.
BE CAREFUL! Dont press too hard with your pencils! Lightly drawn lines are easier to
erase! No matter how careful you are, when drawing with a grid, accidents do happen! If you draw in the wrong squares, simply erase that section, redraw the grid lines, and keep on going!
Copyright to all articles, images, text, projects, lessons and exercises within this drawing class belong to Brenda Hoddinott and may not be reproduced or used for any commercial purposes whatsoever without the written permission of Brenda Hoddinott. E-mail bhoddinott@hoddinott.com Web sites http://www.finearteducation.com and http://www.drawspace.com
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3)
Draw a curved line to mark the position, size, and shape of the upper section of Tuttles shell. A curved line is created when a straight line curves (or bends).
ILLUSTRATION 08-02
Begin in the lower left grid square and curve the line upward and toward the upper center square. Continue this line across the upper center square, extend its end slightly downward, and then into the upper right square.
4) Add short lines that curve outward to each end of the shell.
ILLUSTRATION 08-03
Did you know that a box turtle can pull its head, legs, and tail inside its shell, thereby enclosing itself in a box?
Copyright to all articles, images, text, projects, lessons and exercises within this drawing class belong to Brenda Hoddinott and may not be reproduced or used for any commercial purposes whatsoever without the written permission of Brenda Hoddinott. E-mail bhoddinott@hoddinott.com Web sites http://www.finearteducation.com and http://www.drawspace.com
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ILLUSTRATION 08-04
5)
Add another curved line on the right to mark the location of the opening of the shell. Take note that this line extends into four different grid squares.
ILLUSTRATION 08-05
6)
Complete the outline of the shell. Begin on the lower left side of the shell, and gently curve the line downward and toward the right. Then, curve the line upward to join the other side of the shell outline.
Box turtles are not recommended as house pets. Sadly, many die within a year of their captivity. Without a proper diet and natural habitat, they are highly susceptible to illnesses that are often fatal.
Copyright to all articles, images, text, projects, lessons and exercises within this drawing class belong to Brenda Hoddinott and may not be reproduced or used for any commercial purposes whatsoever without the written permission of Brenda Hoddinott. E-mail bhoddinott@hoddinott.com Web sites http://www.finearteducation.com and http://www.drawspace.com
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ILLUSTRATION 08-06
7)
Sketch the outline of the edge of the lower section of Tuttles shell. Watch closely the location and size of this line in relation to the grid lines and the outline of the upper shell.
ILLUSTRATION 08-07
8)
Sketch a circular shape to mark Tuttles head. Add an upside down U-shape as a front leg.
9)
10) Sketch a horizontal oval below his leg to mark the location of his foot.
Did you know that a box turtles cuisine, when living in a natural habitat, includes such delicacies as spiders, flies, worms, crickets, grasshoppers, slugs, and snails? Yummy!
Copyright to all articles, images, text, projects, lessons and exercises within this drawing class belong to Brenda Hoddinott and may not be reproduced or used for any commercial purposes whatsoever without the written permission of Brenda Hoddinott. E-mail bhoddinott@hoddinott.com Web sites http://www.finearteducation.com and http://www.drawspace.com
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ILLUSTRATION 08-08
11) Sketch an oval to mark the position of Tuttles other leg. 12) Connect this leg to the edge of the upper shell with a curved line. Refer to the next drawing, marked Illustration 0809.
ILLUSTRATION 08-09
13) Draw the inside edge of his lower shell. This edge actually consists of two lines, a short one to the left of his leg, and a longer one in between his legs.
Did you know that the lower shell (called the plastron) of a box turtle is hinged, so he/she can close it against the inside of the upper shell (referred to as the carapace) and hide away inside?
Copyright to all articles, images, text, projects, lessons and exercises within this drawing class belong to Brenda Hoddinott and may not be reproduced or used for any commercial purposes whatsoever without the written permission of Brenda Hoddinott. E-mail bhoddinott@hoddinott.com Web sites http://www.finearteducation.com and http://www.drawspace.com
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ILLUSTRATION 08-10
14) Sketch ovals as his other two visible feet. His fourth foot appears to be hidden behind his body. 15) Complete the rough sketch by adding his eye and mouth. Refer to Illustration 0811.
ILLUSTRATION 08-11
Copyright to all articles, images, text, projects, lessons and exercises within this drawing class belong to Brenda Hoddinott and may not be reproduced or used for any commercial purposes whatsoever without the written permission of Brenda Hoddinott. E-mail bhoddinott@hoddinott.com Web sites http://www.finearteducation.com and http://www.drawspace.com
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18) Pat the entire sketch with your kneaded eraser. The initial sketch lines need to become so light that you can barely see them.
Keep your pencil sharpener and sandpaper block handy and constantly sharpen the point of your pencil as you work, so your outline stays neat. 19) Carefully observe each of the following nine drawings in sequence and redraw each section of Tuttle with thin neat lines. Watch closely the curves and sizes of each line in relation to the other lines and the spaces. Remember; dont press too hard with your pencils. These areas become impossible to touch up, and also leave dents in your paper, spoiling the overall appearance of your drawing.
Copyright to all articles, images, text, projects, lessons and exercises within this drawing class belong to Brenda Hoddinott and may not be reproduced or used for any commercial purposes whatsoever without the written permission of Brenda Hoddinott. E-mail bhoddinott@hoddinott.com Web sites http://www.finearteducation.com and http://www.drawspace.com
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ILLUSTRATION 08-13
ILLUSTRATION 08-14
Copyright to all articles, images, text, projects, lessons and exercises within this drawing class belong to Brenda Hoddinott and may not be reproduced or used for any commercial purposes whatsoever without the written permission of Brenda Hoddinott. E-mail bhoddinott@hoddinott.com Web sites http://www.finearteducation.com and http://www.drawspace.com
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ILLUSTRATION 08-15
ILLUSTRATION 08-16
Copyright to all articles, images, text, projects, lessons and exercises within this drawing class belong to Brenda Hoddinott and may not be reproduced or used for any commercial purposes whatsoever without the written permission of Brenda Hoddinott. E-mail bhoddinott@hoddinott.com Web sites http://www.finearteducation.com and http://www.drawspace.com
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ILLUSTRATION 08-17
ILLUSTRATION 08-18
Copyright to all articles, images, text, projects, lessons and exercises within this drawing class belong to Brenda Hoddinott and may not be reproduced or used for any commercial purposes whatsoever without the written permission of Brenda Hoddinott. E-mail bhoddinott@hoddinott.com Web sites http://www.finearteducation.com and http://www.drawspace.com
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ILLUSTRATION 08-19
ILLUSTRATION 08-20
Copyright to all articles, images, text, projects, lessons and exercises within this drawing class belong to Brenda Hoddinott and may not be reproduced or used for any commercial purposes whatsoever without the written permission of Brenda Hoddinott. E-mail bhoddinott@hoddinott.com Web sites http://www.finearteducation.com and http://www.drawspace.com
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ILLUSTRATION 08-21
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20) Outline the various parts of Tuttles eye, including the highlight, iris, and pupil. Refer to Illustration 08-22. Highlight refers to the brightest area of a form where light bounces off its surface and is usually the section closest to the light source. Iris of an eye is the colored circular section of the eyeball surrounding the pupil. Pupil of an eye is the darkest circular shape within the iris. 21) Add shading to his eye (as explained in the following instructions and illustrated in the next set of drawings). Fill in the pupil with a 6B pencil (Illustration 08-23). Remember to leave the highlight white! Use HB and 2B pencils to add shading to the iris (Illustration 08-24). Take note that the values are darker around the edges, on the right, and under the eyelid. Add some eyelashes on the left (Illustration 08-25). Turtles dont really have eyelashes, so you can leave them out if you want your turtle to look more realistic. Use an HB to shade in the whites of the eyes on either side of the iris (Illustrations 08-26 and 08-27).
ILLUSTRATION 08-22 ILLUSTRATION 08-23 ILLUSTRATION 08-24
ILLUSTRATION 08-25
ILLUSTRATION 08-27
ILLUSTRATION 08-26
Copyright to all articles, images, text, projects, lessons and exercises within this drawing class belong to Brenda Hoddinott and may not be reproduced or used for any commercial purposes whatsoever without the written permission of Brenda Hoddinott. E-mail bhoddinott@hoddinott.com Web sites http://www.finearteducation.com and http://www.drawspace.com
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BE CAREFUL! Try not to touch your drawing paper with your fingers or hands where you
plan to add shading. The powder component in graphite works like the fingerprinting powder used by criminal investigative sections of police departments. Your skin may transfer oil to the paper, which sometimes becomes visible after you add shading, spoiling the overall look of your drawing; hence, another reason to keep a piece of scrap paper under your hand while you draw. 22) Use your HB pencil and hatching lines to add light values to the various parts of Tuttle. The overall shading is darker on the left than on the right, and to keep things simpler, the hatching lines are mostly straight rather than curved. Rely on your observation skills to differentiate between the very light and slightly darker sections of light shading.
ILLUSTRATION 08-28
Did you know that some box turtles can grow to be more than six inches long (but most are smaller)?
Copyright to all articles, images, text, projects, lessons and exercises within this drawing class belong to Brenda Hoddinott and may not be reproduced or used for any commercial purposes whatsoever without the written permission of Brenda Hoddinott. E-mail bhoddinott@hoddinott.com Web sites http://www.finearteducation.com and http://www.drawspace.com
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Did you know that a box turtle can kill a human? Many box turtles love to eat poisonous wild mushrooms. While these mushrooms do no harm to the turtle, people who inadvertently eat the turtle meat can subsequently become very ill, and very often succumb to the poison and die.
23) Use a 2B and 4B pencils to add medium and dark values to the shadow areas in the sections of the drawing that are farther away from or blocked from the light source. 24) Add horizontal hatching lines under and to the left of Tuttle as the cast shadow. A cast shadow is a dark section on a surface that receives little or no light. The values of a cast shadow are darkest right next to the object and become gradually lighter farther away.
ILLUSTRATION 08-29
Did you know that a few Box Turtles are alleged to have lived for more than a hundred years? However, this theory is challenged in that box turtles older than fifty are rarely found in the wild. It is more likely that a box turtles life span is between thirty-five and fifty years.
Copyright to all articles, images, text, projects, lessons and exercises within this drawing class belong to Brenda Hoddinott and may not be reproduced or used for any commercial purposes whatsoever without the written permission of Brenda Hoddinott. E-mail bhoddinott@hoddinott.com Web sites http://www.finearteducation.com and http://www.drawspace.com
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25) Use a 4B pencil to add dark shading to the sections of the cast shadow that are close to the turtle. 26) Examine your drawing both close up and from a distance, and touch up any sections of shading you arent happy with. To make a section of shading darker, simply add more hatching lines in between the existing lines. Use your kneaded eraser to gently pat any sections of shading that you feel are too dark.
ILLUSTRATION 08-30
If you like turtles and care about their future existence, you should respect their need to continue living within their natural habitats in the wild. However, as long as you protect their environments, theres nothing wrong with hunting for turtles armed with a sketchbook or a camera.
Copyright to all articles, images, text, projects, lessons and exercises within this drawing class belong to Brenda Hoddinott and may not be reproduced or used for any commercial purposes whatsoever without the written permission of Brenda Hoddinott. E-mail bhoddinott@hoddinott.com Web sites http://www.finearteducation.com and http://www.drawspace.com
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My philosophy on teaching art is to focus primarily on the enjoyment aspects while gently introducing the technical and academic. Hence, in creating a passion for the subject matter, the quest for knowledge also becomes enjoyable.
>Brenda Hoddinott<
Born in St. Johns, Newfoundland, Brenda grew up in the small town of Corner Brook. She developed strong technical competencies with a personal commitment to self directed learning, and the aid of assorted Learn to Draw books. During Brendas twenty-five year career as a self-educated civilian forensic artist, numerous criminal investigation departments have employed Brendas skills, including Royal Canadian Mounted Police and municipal police departments. In 1992, Brenda was honored with a commendation from the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, and in 1994, she was awarded a Certificate of Membership from Forensic Artists International. Her home-based art career included graphic design, and teaching recreational drawing and painting classes. As supervisor of her communitys recreational art department, Brenda hired and trained teachers, and designed curriculum for several childrens art programs. In 1998, Brenda chose to end her eighteen-year career as an art educator in order to devote more time to writing, drawing, painting, and developing her websites. Drawspace http://www.drawspace.com incorporates her unique style and innovative approach to curriculum development. This site offers downloadable and printable drawing classes for students of all abilities from the age of eight through adult. Students of all ages, levels and abilities have praised the simple step-by-step instructional approach. This site is respected as a resource for fine art educators, home schooling programs, and educational facilities throughout the world.
Copyright to all articles, images, text, projects, lessons and exercises within this drawing class belong to Brenda Hoddinott and may not be reproduced or used for any commercial purposes whatsoever without the written permission of Brenda Hoddinott. E-mail bhoddinott@hoddinott.com Web sites http://www.finearteducation.com and http://www.drawspace.com