Tng quan v mng truyn dn viba s I.

Tng quan v h thng truyn dn viba - Khi nim Truyn dn viba - ng dng h thng truyn dn viba trong mng vin thng - Mng truyn dn viba ca Viettel II. Thit b viba s - Cu trc chung thit b viba s - Cc loi thit b viba s s dng trong mng vin thng Viettel - Phm vi s dng v cc yu cu thit k tuyn truyn dn viba. III.
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Gii thiu chung v qu trnh thit k tuyn truyn dn viba.

I. TNG QUAN H THNGTUYN DN VIBA 1. Di tn s hot ng viba: Sng in t (sng VT) -c phn chia nh- sau:
Tn s 3 KHz 30KHz 30KHz 300KHz 300KHz 3MHz 3MHz 30MHz Phn loi bng VLF LF MF HF C ch truyn sng Sng t & in ly Sng t Sng t ( c ly ngn) in ly (C ly di) in ly C ly thng tin v lnh vc s dng Thng tin o hng Qun s Thng tin o hng 1500Km Pht thanh c nh, o hng Hng khng, thng tin VT nghip d3-6MHz Thng tin lin lc 6-30MHz thng tin di ng, thng tin kinh doanh, nghip d-, Qun s Thng tin trc th, pht thanh FM, a thng tin Ra a, a thng tin, thng tin di ng Thng tin v tinh, thng tin vi ba, Radar Thng tin cho t-ng lai

30MHz300MHz 300MHz 3GHz 3GHz 30GHz 30GHz 300GHz

VHF UHF SHF EHF

Sng tri & i l-u Sng tri & i l-u Sng tri & i l-u Sng tri & i l-u

Trong di tn s t 30 MHz n 30GHz -c gi l sng siu cao tn v c th dng cho thng tin vi ba. Phn ln cc thit b vi ba s hin nay u hot ng trong di tn s t 6GHz n 38GHz. 2. ng dng h thng truyn dn viba trong mng vin thng:

- Truyn ti d liu trong mng ng trc: viba SDH, dung lng ln, truyn dn cc khong cch ln, lin tnh... - Truyn ti d liu cc tuyn nhnh: viba PDH, dung lng va v nh, khong cch ngn, ni ht,... - Truyn ti thng tin cho mng qun l d liu DCN Phng thc kt ni: - im-im - im-a im Giao din kt ni: - H tr nhiu loi giao din kt ni: E1, T1, E3, ...STM-1 - H tr chun kt ni: 75Ohm, 120Ohm, Ethernet 10/100BaseT, FC,... ng dng kt ni cc phn t mng: MSC-MSC, MSC-BSC, BSC-BTS, BTS-BTS, .... 3. Mng truyn dn viba ca Viettel: - Mng truyn dn viba ca Viettel c ~ 2000 tuyn phn b trn ton quc

- ng dng: ch yu cho cc kt ni BTS-BTS v mt phn cho kt ni ng trc, vu hi. - Thit b s dng di tn 7GHz v 15GHz II. THIT B VIBA S 1. Cu trc chung thit b viba s: Thit b viba s gm 3 phn chnh: - Indoor Unit - Outdoor Unit - nten v feeder

Hnh v a. Indoor Unit: - L phn thit b lp t trong phng my - C chc nng: o Cp ngun cho h thng viba. o Kt ni giao din truyn dn vi cc thit b. o X l, iu ch tn hiu in vo v tuyn. o Ci t/lu cu hnh, gim st v kt ni qun l. - Cu trc: dng module chun rack 19'' hoc treo trn tng - Ngun in hot ng +24VDC hoc -48VDC

b. Outdoor Unit: - L phn thit b lp ngoi tri (trn ct) - C chc nng: + iu ch tn hiu cao tn + Ghp ni cao tn v thu/pht ra nten

c. nten v feeder: - Feeder c dng kt ni gia khi Indoor v khi Outdoor, nten c kt ni vi khi v tuyn, tu loi thit b c loi nten tch hpkhi v tuyn gn st vo nten (compact) hoc loi phn tch-khi v tuyn ni vi nten bng ng dn sng hoc cp mm (detach).

- Chc nng: feeder c vai tr cp ngun cho khi v tuyn hot ng ng thi truyn d liu pht c iu ch di dng trung tn ln khi v tuyn cng nh nhn tn hiu thu t nten v my thu . nten c vai tr bc x v tip nhn tn hiu cao tn t my pht v a ti my thu.

- Feeder thng s dng cp ng trc '' 75Ohm, nten ngy nay ch yu s dng loi parabol. 2. Cc loi viba s ang c s dng trong mng Viettel: a. Viba Ericsson: - Dng sn phm: o Mini-link E 7GHz, 15GHz - Cu trc: Indoor-Outdoor split - S dng iu ch C-QPSK hoc 16QAM - Dung lng t 2x2Mbps n 16x2Mbps - Cng sut pht v tuyn ti a loi tiu chun: 7GHz-21dBm, 15GHz-18dBm; - Ngng thu: 4xE1/-84dBm; 8xE1/-81dBm; 16xE1/-78E1 - ng knh nten: 7GHz/1.2m/37dBi; 15GHz/0.6m/36.5dBi - Thnh phn chnh: + Indoor Units: AMM (Access Module), MMU (Modem Unit), SMU (Switch Multiplexer Unit), SAU (Service Access Unit), ETU (Ethernet Unit).

+ Outdoor Units: RAU (Radio Unit)-c cc loi iu ch CQPSK, 16QAM; Antenna-c cc loi ng knh 0.3m n 3.7m.

o Mini-link TN 7GHz, 15GHz - Cu trc Indoor-Outdoor split - S dng iu ch: C-QPSK hoc 16QAM - Dung lng t 2x2Mbps n 32x2Mbps - Cng sut pht v tuyn ti a loi tiu chun: 7GHz-21dBm, 15GHz-18dBm; - Ngng thu: 4xE1/-84dBm; 8xE1/-81dBm; 16xE1/-78E1 - ng knh nten: 7GHz/1.2m/36dBi; 15GHz/0.6m/36.5dBi - Thnh phn chnh: + Indoor Units: - AMM: c 3 loi AMM chnh l AMM 2p, AMM 6p v AMM 20p

- NPU (Node Processor Unit): c 2 loi NPU2 (lp cho AMM 2p) v NPU 8x2 (lp cho AMM 6p v 20p). Chc nng: iu kin chung cho thit b, cung cp giao din kt ni ci t/lu cu hnh, qun l DCN. - LTU (Line Terminal Unit): cung cp giao din d liu (traffic) u ni ti thit b. C cc loi LTU 12x2 (dng cho AMM2p cung cp max 12E1 u ra), LTU 16x2 (dng cho AMM6p hoc 20p cung cp giao din max 16E1) v loi LTU 155e hoc LTU 155e/o (dng cho AMM 6p hoc 20p cung cp giao din in 155Mbps hoc c in v quang).

- SMU (Switch Multiplexer Unit): cung cp chc nng 1+1 cho MMU. - MMU (Modem Unit): + MMU2 cung cp dung lng 2x2 n 17x2 Mbps, iu ch C-QPSK, cu hnh 1+1 cn c thm SMU. + MMU2 B cung cp dung lng 2x2 n 17x2 Mbps, iu ch C-QPSK, cu hnh 1+1 khng cn c thm SMU. + MMU2 C h tr 2 loi iu ch: dung lng 4x2 n 17x2Mbps iu ch C-QPSK, dung lng 8x2 n 32x2Mbps s dng iu ch 16QAM; cu hnh 1+1 khng cn s dng SMU. + MMU3 dng cho tuyn n, cung cp dung lng 2x2 n 16x2Mbps dng iu ch C-QPSK, lp va rack 19 m khng cn AMM. + Outdoor Unit: tng t ca Mini-link E. b. Thit b viba NEC: - Dng sn phm: Pasolink V4 di tn 15GHz - Cu trc: IndoOr-Outdoor split - iu ch: 4PSK - Dung lng: t 2x2Mbps n 16x2Mbps - Cng sut pht v tuyn ti a: +23dBm - Ngng thu ca my thu: 4xE1/-87dBm; 8xE1/-84dBm; 16xE1/-81dBm - ng knh nten: 15GHz/0.3m/31.5dBi; 15GHz/0.6m/37dBi Thnh phn thit b chnh: + Indoor Units:

+ IDU 1U hoc 3U 4x2MB fix rate hoc Nx2MB free rate (2/4/8/16E1). IDU 1U dng cho cu hnh 1+0, IDU 3U dng cho cu hnh 1+1. Ngoi ra NEC cn c thit b IDU dng connector BNC hoc dng panel chuyn i giao din BNC.

+ ODU:

c. Thit b Viba Alcatel: Dng sn phm: 9400 LX/UX. LX(Long haul - dng cho tuyn khong cch di). UX (Urban - dng cho cc tuyn khong cch ngn). Di tn Viettel s dng 7GHz v 15GHz (tng ng series 9470 LX/UX v 9415 UX). Cu trc thit b: Indoor-Outdoor split S dng iu ch: 4QAM Dung lng thit b: t 2x2Mbps n 16x2Mbps Cng sut pht v tuyn max: +24dBm. Ngng thu thit b ti BER = 10-6: 4xE1/-88dBm; 8xE1/-85dBm; 16xE1/-82dBm. ng knh nten: 15GHz/0.6m/36.5dBi; 7GHz/1.2m/37dBi Thnh phn chnh: + Indoor Unit: c 2 loi IDU: Loi Light IDU ch h tr dung lng 4x2Mbps cu hnh 1+0. Loi Light IDU c 2 chun lp rack 19 hoc tch hp vo Alcatel BTS. Loi Classic cho php cu hnh n 16x2Mbps

+ ODU: C 2 loi Outdoor Unit: Loi tch hp vi nten dng cho nten ng knh 0.3 hoc 0.6m (ca series 9400 UX). Loi ODU phn tch vi nten dng cho nten ng knh ln hn hoc khi dng vi ch ghp HSB khi v tuyn s dng chung nten

3. Phm vi s dng v cc nguyn tc thit k tuyn truyn dn viba: STT Khong cch Loi viba Loi anten Ghi ch tuyn 1 15GHz 0.3m Vi thit b ca 4km Ericsson khng thit k qu 3km

2 3 4

4 km x 7km 7 km x 12km > 12 km

15GHz 7GHz 7GHz

0.6m 0.6m 1.2m

ti a n 30km

Mt s im cn ch khi qui hoch, thit k cc tuyn viba : - Thit k cc tuyn viba theo nh hng kt ni v cc node cp quang gn nht (gim thiu vic chuyn tip qua nhiu tuyn viba). - Thit k cc tuyn viba cn trnh vic cc tuyn trng nhau (ba im thng hng), ct cho nhau v c qu nhiu tuyn tp trung vo mt im (cn phn tn hng kt ni gim thiu nguy c mt lung tp trung v gim thiu nguy c h thng ct khng m bo an ton khi c ma gi to. - Nu buc phi thit k tuyn chuyn tip ko di hoc tp trung vo 1 node c qu nhiu tuyn cn phi c phng n xy dng hng d phng to vng ring (c th bng cp quang hoc viba). - Khi thit k cc tuyn viba tp trung vo 1 node vi cng 1 di tn lm vic th vic qui hoch tn s cho im node cn ch : ti im node cn lp t thit b v tuyn c cng sub-band lm vic (cng pht tn s thp hoc cng pht tn s cao), trnh vic lp xen k ti im node c th gy nhiu ln nhau ngay ti im node.

II. QUI TRNH THIT K TUYN VIBA 1. La chn, xc nh v tr t trm: L bc u tin rt quan trng trong qu trnh thit k, c ngha quyt nh kh nng thit k thnh cng v hiu qu. i hi ngi thit k xc nh v th hin ng v tr cn t trm trn bn a hnh. Thng thng s dng bn qun s h UTM t l 1:50000, 1:25000 hoc bn s vi phn mm chuyn dng. C 2 phng php tm v xc nh v tr trn bn : - Xc nh v chm v tr ln bn da trn v tr c sn. - Tm v xc nh v tr ti u m bo kh nng thng tuyn.

Nh- gn -ng giao thng, Ngun in cung cp, Khu dn c2. V mt ct ng truyn: V ng kt ni gia 2 im c trng cho ng truyn tia sng, th hin trn Profile. Cn xc nh cao nn t 2 u, xc nh cc im trn ng truyn c bnh cao c kh nng ct ng truyn (xem xt c kh nng che chn bi cy, nh ca, ct in...): cn v min Fresnel, v nh gi khong h ti nhng im nghi ng . Tnh ton cao nten cn thit mi u m bo khong h cn thit cho tuyn. 3. Tnh ton ng truyn v xc nh tn s lm vic: La chn di tn lm vic s b, a cc thng s thit b vo m hnh tnh ton: cng sut pht, dung lng truyn, ngng thu thit b, tng ch nten... xc nh c:

Suy hao ng truyn Tng ch ng truyn Mc thu thc t d kin im thu Mc d tr fading Xc sut fading phng nhiu tia Xc sut t ti ngng thu Khong thi gian fading

4. Kt lun v kh nng hot ng ca tuyn. - Pht hnh bn thit k: call-off MW form