T.R.

EGE UNIVERSITY Chemical Engineering Department

CONCEPTUAL DESIGN I PROJECT I

Submitted to: Prof.Dr.Ferhan ATALAY Res.Assist. Meral DKKANCI Dr.Sezai ERDEM

Prepared by;
05068062 Deniz TOSUN 05057350 Onur ASLAN 05068091 M.Serkan ACARSER 05068113 Baturalp AYTAN 05068052 Ali KK March 2010 Bornova-ZMR Date: 29.03.2010

SUMMARY
Acrolein is a highly toxic, flammable material with extreme lacrimatory properties. It is a widely used intermediate in the production of building materials, herbicides and algaecides, water treatment chemicals, and essential amino acids like methionine. The overall objective of this process is to produce 69.000 ton Acrolein per year.

The current industry standard for production of Acrolein is via the catalytic partial oxidation of Propylene. First propylene and water heated up to a suitable temperature for the reaction and sent to the reactor. In the reactor part propylene is burned with excess oxygen. The stream coming from the reactor is cooled by using a quench cooler and has got 2 exit streams. The main stream enters into Acrolein absorber and the other directly enters to water distillation. In the Acrolein absorber some of the Acrolein and propylene sent to incinerator to be burned. The other stream is sent to water distillation. Water distillation separates the stream for waste water and another distillation to obtain pure product. To obtain purified product the stream coming from the water distillation unit enters into Acrolein distillation unit where Acrolein obtained with %98 purity. Detailed flowchart and calculations of the streams are given in Appendix part of the report. During the calculation process we had to choose or assume some variables and calculations may contain errors due to calculation errors and neglected values. All these effecting situations are discussed in Discussion part of the report.

Finally; we believe that this report will help the reader to understand Acrolein production process and will facilitate further calculations in this subject.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Summary 1.Introduction 2.Results 3.Discussions and Conclusions 4.Nomenclature 5.References 6.Appendix

i 1 2 5 7 8 9

1.0 INTRODUCTION
Acrolein is primarily used as an intermediate in the synthesis of acrylic acid and as a biocide. It may be formed from the breakdown of certain pollutants in outdoor air or from the burning of organic matter including tobacco, or fuels such as gasoline or oil. It is toxic to humans following inhalation, oral or dermal exposures. Acute (short-term) inhalation exposure may result in upper respiratory tract irritation and congestion. No information is available on its reproductive, developmental, or carcinogenic effects in humans, and the existing animal cancer data are considered inadequate to make a determination that Acrolein is carcinogenic to humans.

The largest single use for Acrolein is as an unisolated intermediate in the manufacture of acrylic acid, most of which is converted to its lower alkyl esters. Acrolein is also used as a herbicide and algicide in irrigation waters and drainage ditches; as a biocide in the control of algae, weeds, and mollusks in recirculating process water systems; as a slimicide in the paper industry; as a biocide in oil wells and liquid petrochemical fuels; in the cross-linking of protein collagen in leather tanning; as a tissue fixative in histological samples; in the manufacture of colloidal forms of metals; in the production of perfumes; as a warning agent in methyl chloride refrigerant; and as an intermediate in the manufacture of methionine and its hydroxyl analogue, glutaraldehyde, ally1 alcohol, pyridines, and tetrahydrobenzaldehyde. Isolated, refined acrolein is used mainly as a biocide and as an intermediate in the production of methionine, which is a protein supplement used in animal feed. Acrolein has been used to make modified food starch, synthetic glycerine, acrolein polymers, polyurethane, and polyester resins. It has also been used in military poison gas mixtures. Partial oxidation of Acrolein is a commercially important reaction, its product acrylic acid being widely used industrially for producing resins, dyes, glues, nonwoven fabrics, etc. Partial oxidation of Acrolein is also a convenient model reaction because, the number of reaction products is moderate (CO, CO 2 , acrylic acid) and their difference in acid-base properties from the starting material makes it possible to select desirable catalysts by applying directly.

The study of the reaction mechanism includes determination of structures and energy characteristics of the surface intermediates and the elucidation of their connection with catalyst chemical composition and reaction routes to particular products. This reliable information helps us to understand the nature of catalyst action and to elaborate the theory of catalyst selection. We have used this method to approach the problem of the systematic selection of catalysts for the oxidation of Acrolein to acrylic acid.

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2.0 RESULTS
Table 1.Calculated basis mol and mass values of substances Acrolein 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 23 kmol/h 47 0,94 46,06 3,362 42,698 43,638 0,436 43,202 42,98 0,216 0,652 Acrolein ton/year 23081,02 461,62 22619,40 1651,03 20968,37 21429,99 214,11 21215,88 21106,86 106,07 320,19 Water kmol/h 419,22 419,22 419,22 419,22 500 14880,43 14880,43 15226,6 153,8 9900 10052,6 25280,43 25252,76 27,67 0,86 26,81 25279,57 Water PP PP O2 O2 N2 kmol/h 477,65 477,65 477,65 477,65 477,65 477,65 477,65 N2 ton/year 117158 117158 117158 117158 117158 117158 117158 -

ton/year kmol/h ton/year kmol/h ton/year 100 36792 100 36792 66102,61 66102,61 126,97 35592,23 126,97 35592,23 66102,61 100 36792 126,97 35592,23 66102,61 100 36792 126,97 35592,23 78840,00 33 12141,36 29,3 8213,376 2346345,41 2346345,41 2400930,29 24251,18 33 12141,36 29,3 8213,376 1561032,00 33 12141,36 29,3 8213,376 1585093,97 3986218,20 3981855,20 4363,01 135,60 4227,40 3986082,60 -

Table 2. Molecular weight and scale-up factor Molecular Boiling Point Weight [kg/kmol] Temperature [0C] 56.06 53 Acrolein 18 100 Water 42 -47.6 Propylene 32 -182.95 O2 28 -195.79 N2 72.06 141 Acrylic Acid 44 -57 CO 2 Scale Up Factor Melting Point Standart Entaphy of Temperature [0C] Formations [kJ/kmol] -88 -81800 0 -241814 -185.2 20230 -218.79 0 -210 0 14 -355910 -78 -393510 3.269079483

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Table 3. Calculated desired mol and mass values of substances Scale up 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 23 Acrolein kmol/h 153,65 3,07 150,57 10,99 139,58 142,66 1,43 141,23 140,51 0,71 2,13 Acrolein ton/year 75453,70 1509,07 73944,63 5397,35 68547,28 70056,35 699,95 69356,40 69000 346,77 1046,72 Water Water PP kmol/h 326,91 326,91 326,91 326,91 107,88 107,88 107,88 PP ton/year 120275,97 120275,97 120275,97 120275,97 39691,07 39691,07 39691,07 O2 kmol/h 415,08 415,08 415,08 415,08 95,78 95,78 95,78 O2 ton/year 116353,83 116353,83 116353,83 116353,83 26850,18 26850,18 26850,18 N2 kmol/h 1561,48 1561,48 1561,48 1561,48 1561,48 1561,48 1561,48 N2 ton/year 382998,79 382998,79 382998,79 382998,79 382998,79 382998,79 382998,79 -

kmol/h ton/year 1370,46 216094,68 1370,46 216094,68 1370,46 216094,68 1370,46 216094,68 1634,54 257734,23 48645,29 7670389,65 48645,29 7670389,65 49776,97 7848831,95 502,78 79279,05 32363,89 5103137,68 32862,75 5181798,17 82643,74 13031264,14 82553,28 13017001,13 90,46 14263,01 2,81 443,30 87,64 13819,71 82640,92 13030820,84

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Equipment List
Displayed Text
C-101 E-101 E-102 E-103 E-104 E-105 E-106 E-107 E-108 Q-101 T-101 T-102 T-103 V-101 V-102 V-103 E-104 E-105 E-106

Description
Feed Air Compressor Reactor Preheater Condenser Reboiler Condenser Reboiler Condenser Reboiler Reboiler Quench Cooler Acrolein Absorber Water Distillation Tower Acrolein Distillation Tower Reflux Vessel Reflux Vessel Reflux Vessel Condenser Reboiler Condenser

Q-101

Figure 1. Flowsheet for Acrolein Production

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3.0 DISCUSSIONS AND CONCLUSIONS

Acrolein is a clear or yellow liquid with a burnt, sweet, pungent odor. It is primarily used to make other chemicals and may also be found in some livestock feed. It is a pesticide and is added to irrigation canals and the water supplies of some industrial plants to control underwater plant, algae and slime growth. At much higher concentrations it may be used to make chemical weapons. It is widely used as intermediate in the production of building materials
as well.

For the production of Acrolein there are two processes mainly considered in industry. One of them is partial oxidation of propylene, the other process is production with Glycerin. In this report we prefer to use partial oxidation of propylene process. But economically since Propylene is obtained from crude-oil resources, this process is not considered to be feasible in long term because of increasing crude oil prices and the depletion of crude oil resources. Today another option namely production by glycerin can be considered as an economic alternative since glycerin can be obtained from soap production. In addition glycerin is a side product of the transesterification of vegetable oils to manufacture biodiesel. This means as the biodiesel production increases it would be easy to find great amount of glycerin at lower costs. From the environmental perspective glycerin process would be more environments friendly since there is no any oxidation reactions, no carbon dioxide emissions.

For partial oxidation of propylene; the process starts with preheater. Preheater is used to heat the inlet stream before it enters into reactor. The reason we heat the inlet stream to 250C is to maintain reaction rate and kinetics optimum. After obtaining the desired temperature for the reaction, reaction data such as fractional conversion, selectivity and yield allowed us to find extent of reactions for each reaction. Using these data we made first the mass balance. Water stream was added to reactor to prevent reactor temperature increasing sharply and for to keep the system in safe. The amount of this water stream is determined by mass balance and given design restrictions such as percent inert, percent propylene, percent oxygen. Water amount should be between 353 kmol/h and 489 kmol/h. As the designer we assign water to be 419 kmol /h. For energy balance heat released equals to the difference between outlet and inlet enthalpies and additionally heats of reactions. For this purpose all heat of reactions multiplied by their extents of reactions and added to heat term and the total heat from the reactor was calculated as 6456.85 kW.

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In the quench cooler section the reactor effluent is directly sent to quench cooler to be quenched in cold water. According to given data mass balance of the unit made. Energy balance should be done using inlet and outlet enthalpies of streams and in addition heats of condensations should be considered. In the calculations section we did not include heats of condensation so energy balance only includes outlet and inlet enthalpies. Also specific heat values are calculated using correlations of Perrys Chemical Engineers Handbook for various temperatures. They may contain errors. We have two outlet streams from quench cooler. First one is to Acrolein absorber the other is directly to water distillation. By the givens mass balances made on Acrolein absorber and the required energy is calculated as 51.75 kW using energy balance equation. Outlet and inlet enthalpies at different temperatures using specific heats calculated assuming no phase change. Phase change terms are not included in our calculations. So, they may greatly affect the results we found.

In the water distillation tower same procedure was made for the calculations and the results were found as mass and energy terms for significant products. The top product of the tower that is Acrolein was found as 43.2 kmol/h and the bottom product that is water was obtained as 25132.75 kmol/h. The outlet stream enthalpy was calculated as 143.42*106 kJ/h and the inlet steam enthalpy was found as 0.242*106 kJ/h. Finally total enthalpy was determined as 39.77*103 kW. The reason of the high value of total enthalpy from the tower is that the usage of the cooling water is too much for the system conditions.

At the end of the process the Acrolein distillation tower calculations were found as 42.98 kmol/h for the desired product Acrolein and the total heat value was determined as 13.9 kW.

The total heat required for this process is found to be 51.88 kW. This is a great amount of energy if we think of a great production scale. To maintain the reactions and operations in a proper way, we should think of energy requirements or releases of each unit and related heating or cooling systems to be installed. But of course these systems like jackets, coils will mean additional investment and operating costs.

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4.0 NOMENCLATURE
MW = Molecular Weight n = molar flow rate y = mol or mass fraction of gas stream x = mol or mass fraction of liquid stream P T = Total Pressure P i * = Vapour Pressure of Component P v * = Vapour Pressure T = Temperature H vap = Latent Heat of Vaporisation T C = Critical Temperature P C = Critical Pressure T b = Normal Boiling Point Q = Heat m = Mass Flow Rate Cp=Specific Heat Capacity [kg/kmol] [kmol/h] [-] [-] [bar] [bar] [bar] [C] [kJ/kg] [C] [bar] [C] [kJ] [kg/h] [kJ/kmolK]

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5.0 REFERENCES
1. Elemantary Principles of Chemical Processes 3rd Ed. Felder, Rousseau ,2003 John Wiley and Sons 2. http://en.wikipedia.org/ 3. Perry's Chemical Engineers Handbook-8th ed 2007. 4. Project I Data Sheet Conceptual Design I Course ,Department of Chemical Engineering, Ege University 2010

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6.0 APPENDIX
6.1 Mass Balance Calculation
6.1.1 Reactor

R-101 : 100 kmol/h : W kmol/h Air : 604.62 kmol/h (0.79 N2, 0.21 O2)

: 33 kmol/h : 46 kmol/h

: 13.11 kmol/h : 20.677 kmol/h : W+80.78 kmol/h : 29.3 kmol/h : 477.65 kmol/h

4 reactions will be carried out in the reactor. These are; : Extent of Reaction

Taking 100 kmol/h Fractional Conversion of

basis ; fed to the reactor is % 67 so ;

= 0.67
Selectivity of to is 5 kmol/kmol

Yield of

to

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Conversion of

to

is %8.7

Solving these equations four equations simultaneously we obtain

required for the reaction :

+ 3.5*

+ 0.5 *

+ 4.5 *

= 97.67 kmol/h

For our process we prefer to use %30 excess oxygen so; Fed = Reacted * 1.3 = 126.971 kmol/h

To supply 126.971 kmol/h oxygen we need; Air fed = = 604.62 kmol/h

balance Input=Output + Consumption 100 kmol/h=Output + ( Output=33 kmol/h + )

balance Generation=Output+Consumption = Output + +

Output=47 kmol/h

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balance Generation=Output =Output Output=13.11 kmol/h

balance Generation=output = Output=20.677 kmol/h

balance input+generation=output W+ +2* +3* = Output= W+80.87 kmol/h

balance input=output+consumption 126.971 =output+97.67 Output=29.3 kmol /h

input=output output=604.62*0.79 = 477.6 kmol/h

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To decide amount of water to be used in the process we have some restrictions. Applying these restrictions; Mol % Oxygen must be smaller than %12

Mol % Propylene must be smaller than %12

Mol % inert must be greater than %40 (

in the inlet feed)

kmol Therefore 353.47 < W < 489.5 As we choose water amount between this interval ; we prefer inlet water to be 419.22 kmol.

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6.1.2 Quench Cooler

13
T13=50oC

: 33 kmol/h : 47 kmol/h : 13.11 kmol/h : 0.01M+5 kmol/h : 20.677 kmol/h : 29.3 kmol/h : 477.65 kmol/h

Quench Cooler

: M kmol/h
T11=25oC

11

12
T12=50oC

: 0,94 kmol/h : 10,488 kmol/h : 0.99M+495 kmol/h

Q-101 9

T9=330oC

: 33 kmol/h : 47 kmol/h : 13.11 kmol/h : 500 kmol/h : 20.677 kmol/h : 29.3 kmol/h : 477.65 kmol/h

*DATA: %2 of the acrolein,%80 of acrylic acid and %99 of water are bottom products. Calculation of Stream 12 47 kmol/h acrolein * 0.02 =0.94 kmol/h Acrolein. 13.11 kmol/h acrylic acid * 0.8 = 10.488 kmol/h Acrylic acid (M+500 kmol/h water) * 0.99 =0.99M+495 kmol/h Water Calculation of 13 (M+500 kmol/h water) *0.01=0.01M+5 kmol/h Water 33 kmol/h 47 kmol/h 13.11 kmol/h 20.677 kmol/h 29.3 kmol/h 477.65 kmol/h M value was calculated as 14880.425 kmol/h in energy balance part.
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Same molar ratio with R

6.1.3 Acrolein Absorber

15

T15=50o C

nC3 H 6 = 33 kmol/h
T14 =25 o C nH2O = 9900 kmol/h

14

nC3 H 4O = 3.36238 kmol/h nO2 = 29.301 kmol/h nN2 = 477.6528 kmol/h nCO2 = 20.67 kmol/h

T13=50o C

13

T-101
T16=50o C

nC3 H 6 = 33 kmol/h nC3 H 4O = 46.06 kmol/h nC3 H 4O2 = 2.622 kmol/h nCO2 = 20.67 kmol/h nH2O = 152.6042 kmol/h nO2 = 29.301 kmol/h nN2 = 477.6528 kmol/h
*DATA : 92.7% of C 3 H 4 O in feed stream are to be sent to the water distillation column. *DATA: 100% of C 3 H 6 is recovered in the top product.

16

nC3 H 4O = 42.69762 kmol/h nC3 H 4O2 = 2.622 kmol/h nH2O = 10052.6 kmol/h

For C3 H 6 nC3 H 6 33 kmol/h *(100 /100) 33 kmol/h C3 H 6 goes to top product = For C3 H 4 O n= 46.06 kmol/h *(1 92.7 /100) 3.36238 kmol/h C3 H 4 O goes to top product = C3 H 4O For H 2 O 9900 10052.6 kmol/h H 2 O goes to bottom product nH2O = + 152.6042 = CO 2 , O 2 and N 2 do not change in this process unit which go to bottom product nCO2 = 20.67 kmol/h nO2 = 29.301 kmol/h nN2 = 477.6528 kmol/h

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6.1.4 Water Distillation Tower 19

T19=52oC C3H4O : 43.63 kmol/h C3H4O2 : 13.11 kmol/h O2 : 29.301 kmol/h C3H4O : 43.2 kmol/h H2O : 27.67 kmol/h

17
T17=50oC

C3H4O : 0.436 kmol/h

18
T18=100oC
Inlet Stream n C H O 17 = n C H O 12 + n C H O 16
3 4 3 4 3 4

C3H4O2 : 13.11 kmol/h H2O : 25132.75 kmol/h

; ; ;

n C H O 17 = 0.94 + 42.69762=43.63762 kmol h

3 4

nC H O
3 4 2

17

= 16 n C H O 12 + n C H O
3 4 2 3 4 2 2 2

nC H O
3 4

17

= 10.488 + 2.622=13.11 kmol h

n H O 17 = n H O 12 + n H O 16 =

n H2O 17 = 15107.82 + 10052.6 = 25160.42 kmol / h

*DATA: 99.89% of water is recovered in bottom product *DATA: 1% of acrolein and 100% of acrolic acid is sent to be the waste water treatment with water Outlet Streams = n C H O 17 *0.01 n C H O 18
3 4 3 4

= 43.63762*0.01 0.436376 kmol h ; n C H O 18 =

3 4 3 4 2

nC H O
3 4 2

18

n= 13.11 kmol h *1 ; n C H O 18 C H O 17
3 4 2 2 2

= n H O 17 *0.9989 n H O 18 = 25160.42*0.9989 25132.75 kmol h ; n H O 18 = n= n C H O 17 n C H O 18 ; C H O 19

3 4 3 4 3 4

n C H O 19 = 43.63762 0.436376 = 0.436 kmol h

3 4

n H O 19 = n H O 17 n H O 18
2 2 2

n H O 19 = 25160.42 25132.75=27.67647 kmol h

2

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6.1.5 Acrolein Distillation Tower 20

T20=48oC

: 42.98 kmol/h : 0.86 kmol/h

: 43.2 kmol/h : 27.67 kmol/h

19
T19=52o C

T-103

: 0.216 kmol/h

21
T21=82o C

: 26.81kmol/h

*DATA : 99.5% of C 3 H 4 O is feed stream are to be sent to Top Product *DATA : C 3 H 4 O is 98% purity. Calculation of Top Product (20)

Calculation of Bottom Product (21)

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6.2 Energy Balance Calculation

6.2.1 Preheater

7 C3H6 : 100 kmol/h H2O : 419.22 kmol/h O2 : 126.971 kmol/h N2 : 477.6528 kmol/h T7=100o

8 T8=250oC C3H6 : 100 kmol/h H2O : 419.22 kmol/h O2 : 126.971 kmol/h N2 : 477.6528 kmol/h

For C 3 H 6

QC3 H 6 = m c p dT
393

523

QC3 H 6 QC3 H 6

523 =100* (3.71 + 2.345*101 * T 1.16*104 * T 2 + 2.204*108 * T 3 ) 393 = 1157053.076 kJ/h

For H 2 O
QH 2O = m c p dT
393 523

523 QH 2O 419.22* (32.243 + 1.923*103 * T 1.055*105 * T 2 3.569*109 * T 3 ) = 393 QH 2O = 1907549.93 kJ/h

For O 2
QO2 = m c p dT
393 523

523 126.971* (28.106 3.68*106 * T ) 393 QO2 = 463896.2801 kJ/h QO2

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For N 2
QN2 = m c p dT
393 523

523 = 477.6528* (31.15 + 1.356*102 * T + 2.679*105 * T 2 1.168*108 * T 3 ) QN2 393 QN2 = 1828824.485 kJ/h

QTotal = 1157053.076 + 1907549.93 + 1828824.485 = 3747944.945 kJ/h QTotal = 1041.09 kW

6.2.2 Reactor

R-101

T8=250o

T9=330o

: 100 kmol/h : W kmol/h Air : 604.62 kmol/h (0.79 N2, 0.21 O2)

: 33 kmol/h : 46 kmol/h : 13.11 kmol/h : 20.677 kmol/h : W+80.78 kmol/h : 29.3 kmol/h : 477.65 kmol/h

25 C

* = =(100 kmol/h * 97.8 kJ/kmolK + 419.22 kmol/h * 87.660 kJ/kmolK +477.6528 kmol/h *29.092 kJ/kmolK + 126.971 kmol/h * 29.216 kJ/kmolK) *(250-25) =14430214 kJ/h

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* =

= (33 kmol/h * 108 kJ/kmolK + 47 kmol/h * 104 kj/kmolK + 13.11 kmol/h * 124 kj/kmolK +20.677 kmol/h * 47.3 kj/kmolK + 500 kmol/h * 135.576 kJ/kmolK + 29.301 kmol/h * 32.096 kj/kmolK + 477.65 kmol/h * 30.1 kJ/kmolK) * (330-25) = 28719143 kJ/h * + * + * *

Standart enthalpy of formations for each species shown in Table 2. ( =(-81800 -393510) - 20230
= -343844 kJ/kmol

By following the same way ;

-1582358 kJ/kmol -274110 kJ/kmol -1926202 kJ/kmol

-343844 kJ/kmol -1582358 kJ/kmol -274110 kJ/kmol -1926202 kJ/kmol

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=65.55* 343844 kJ/kmol +5.44 * -1582358 kJ/kmol +13.11* 274110 kJ/kmol +1.45 *1926202 kJ/kmol = -37533577 kJ/h

28719143 kJ/h-14430214 kJ/h+(-37533577 kJ/h) -23244648 kj/h

6.2.3 Quench Cooler

: 33 kmol/h : 47 kmol/h : 13.11 kmol/h : 0.01M+5 kmol/h : 20.677 kmol/h : 29.3 kmol/h : 477.65 kmol/h

13
T13=50oC

Quench Cooler

: M kmol/h
T11=25oC

11

12
T12=50oC

: 0,94 kmol/h : 10,488 kmol/h : 0.99M+495 kmol/h

Q-101 9

T9=330oC

: 33 kmol/h : 47 kmol/h : 13.11 kmol/h : 500 kmol/h : 20.677 kmol/h : 29.3 kmol/h : 477.65 kmol/h

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0 C

= 1.95*106 + 3724.875M kJ/h

= 1.127*106 + 37.625M kJ/h = 1890M kJ/h = 3.107*107 kJ/h M = 14880.425 kmol/h M is inlet cold water in Quench Cooler.

QTotal = Q12 + Q13 Q9 Q11

QTotal =1.95*106 + 14880.425*3724.874 ) + (1.127 *106 + 14880.425*37.625 ) ( ( 31.07 *106 ) (14880.425*1890 ) kJ 2.1*106 577.61 kW QTotal = = h

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6.2.4 Acrolein Absorber

15

T15=50o C

nC3 H 6 = 33 kmol/h
T14 =25 o C nH2O = 9900 kmol/h

14

nC3 H 4O = 3.36238 kmol/h nO2 = 29.301 kmol/h nN2 = 477.6528 kmol/h nCO2 = 20.67 kmol/h

T13=50o C

13

T-101
T16=50o C

nC3 H 6 = 33 kmol/h nC3 H 4O = 46.06 kmol/h nC3 H 4O2 = 2.622 kmol/h nCO2 = 20.67 kmol/h nH2O = 152.6042 kmol/h nO2 = 29.301 kmol/h
25 C H= *

16

nC3 H 4O = 42.69762 kmol/h nC3 H 4O2 = 2.622 kmol/h nH2O = 10052.6 kmol/h

nN2 = 477.6528 kmol/h

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6.2.5 Water Distillation Tower

C3H4O : 43.2 kmol/h H2O : 27.67 kmol/h

19
T19=52oC C3H4O : 43.63 kmol/h C3H4O2 : 13.11 kmol/h O2 : 29.301 kmol/h

17
T17=50oC

C3H4O : 0.436 kmol/h

18
T18=100oC

C3H4O2 : 13.11 kmol/h H2O : 25132.75 kmol/h

25 C H= *

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6.2.6 Acrolein Distillation Tower

20
T20=48 C
o

: 42.98 kmol/h : 0.86 kmol/h

: 43.2 kmol/h : 27.67 kmol/h

19
T19=52o C

T-103

25 C H= *

: 0.216 kmol/h

21
T21=82o C

: 26.81kmol/h

Qsystem = QPreheater + QRe actor + QQ.Cooler + QAcr . Abs + QWater .Dist + QAcr . Dist Qsystem = 1041.09 + 6456.85 + ( 577.61) + 5175 + 39.77 *103 + 13.9 Qsystem = 51.88*103 kW
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