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Hi Junaid, I have no idea about a single study book which contains all the relevant information to appear for

IWE exam. You have to go through various books in metallurgy, design, NDT, Corrosion, Fabrication, Quality Control, Codes&Standards etc. to cover the massive syllabus. The following link will give the syllabus for IWE and accordingly you can prepare. http://www.iiwelding.org/WorkingUnits/QCMB_IAB/Documents/IAB-252r1-11-SV00Guideline-for-Personnel-with-Qualification-for-Welding-Coordination-SV.pdf

Sunil jeff123@rocketmail.com http://www.onetb.com/forum/hard-face-metal-overlay-t1750.html bwg.india@bwgindia.com


clifford@lincolnelectric.in

One of PQR qualified with a combination of group number and thickness welded together as 516 Gr60- 6mm thk and 516 Gr 70- 12mm thk. WPS prepared for the range of 6-24mm for both group numbers. (QW403.6). In my opinion it virtually qualifies for nothing (except for 12mm thick) for a combination of group numbers. For E.g. I have nozzle SA333 Gr6 and WNRF flange SA350LF2 with thickness of 7.11mm.Where as in the above PQR, P#1, Gr#1 qualification range is 6-12mm and P#1, Gr#2 qualification range is 12-24mm and (QW403.5 and 403.6).Please share your views, do my views justified by the correct interpretation of QW403.5 and 403.6?

QW 202.4 allows you weld dissimilar thickness material in Production with a qualified PQR(s). Not for the qualification of dissimilar thickness. The thickness Qualification range is to be taken from QW 451or QW 403.6 (if impact test is required) from the thickness used for qualification.For qualification you need similar thickness (for full penetration groove welds). You can use dissimilar thickness but you will not get the benefit from thicker material (thickness) as the thickness T considered is based upon the tensile specimen thickness used. Please refer Section IX Interpretation No. IX 86-43 which is nearly similar to this query.

1) DI: ASTM A536 Gr. 65-45-12 2) Al-bronze: ASTM B148-C95800 QW-403.10 For the short-circuiting transfer mode of the gas metal-arc process, when the qualification test coupon thickness is less than 12 in. (13 mm), an increase in thickness beyond 1.1 times that of the qualification test Stress Relieving Coupon. For thicknesses of 12 in. (13 mm) and greater, use table QW-451.1 or table QW-451.2, as applicable. Stress relieving is applied to both ferrous and non-ferrous alloys and is intended to remove internal residual stresses generated by prior manufacturing processes such as machining, cold

rolling and welding. Without it, subsequent processing may give rise to unacceptable distortion and/or the material can suffer from service problems such as stress corrosion cracking. The treatment is not intended to produce significant changes in material structures or mechanical properties, and is therefore normally restricted to relatively low temperatures. Carbon steels and alloy steels can be given two forms of stress relief: Treatment at typically 150-200C relieves peak stresses after hardening without significantly reducing hardness (e.g. case-hardened components, bearings, etc.): Treatment at typically 600-680C (e.g. after welding, machining etc.) provides virtually complete stress relief. Non-ferrous alloys are stress relieved at a wide variety of temperatures related to alloy type and condition. Alloys that have been age-hardened are restricted to stress relieving temperatures below the ageing temperature. Austenitic stainless steels are stress relieved below 480C or above 900C, temperatures in between reducing corrosion resistance in grades that are not stabilised or low-carbon. Treatments above 900C are often full solution anneals. Normalising Applied to some, but not all, engineering steels, normalising can soften, harden or stress relieve a material, depending on its initial state. The objective of the treatment is to counter the effects of prior processes, such as casting, forging or rolling, by refining the existing nonuniform structure into one which enhances machinability/formability or, in certain product forms, meets final mechanical property requirements. A primary purpose is to condition a steel so that, after subsequent shaping, a component responds satisfactorily to a hardening operation (e.g. aiding dimensional stability). Normalising consists of heating a suitable steel to a temperature typically in the range 830950C (at or above the hardening temperature of hardening steels, or above the carburising temperature for carburising steels) and then cooling in air. Heating is usually carried out in air, so subsequent machining or surface finishing is required to remove scale or decarburised layers. Air-hardening steels (e.g. some automotive gear steels) are often "tempered" (subcritically annealed) after normalising to soften the structure and/or promote machinability. Many aircraft specifications also call for this combination of treatments. Steels that are not usually normalised are those which would harden significantly during air cooling (e.g. many tool steels), or those which gain no structural benefit or produce inappropriate structures or mechanical properties (e.g. the stainless steels).

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