O RIGHTS-BASED APPROACH O Report By: Vernice Marie D.

Pilar Gone are the days, however, when people were generally regarded as recipients of basic public services and beneficiaries of the fruits of development. To be able to participate effectively and meaningfully in the various stages of the development process, people have to be treated as individual human beings firstpeople have the right to realize their full human development. O RIGHTS-BASED APPROACH A conceptual framework for the process of human development that is normatively based on international human rights standards and operationally directed to the promotion and protection of human rights while applying the integration of the norms, standards and principles of the international human rights system into plans, policies, and processes of development. Recognizing the vital link between human rights and sustainable development. Each human being by the virtue of being human is a holder of rights and demands the government to respect, promote and fulfill it. Works with the following principles: accountability, empowerment, participation, non-discrimination; and express linkage to human rights. O RBA and POVERTY RBA is able to recognize poverty as injustice and includes marginalization, discrimination, and exploitation as the central causes of poverty. In RBA, poverty is never simply the fault of the individual, nor can its solution be purely personal; however, RBA also refuses simply to place the burden of poverty and injustice on abstract notions such as society or globalization. O CENTRAL FEATURES OF POVERTY AND DEVELOPMENT 1. Focuses on the interrelation between the state and its citizens in terms of duties and rights. RBA draws attention to the basic obligation of the state to take care of its most vulnerable citizens, including those not able to claim their rights for themselves. 2. Acknowledges that severe poverty is a human rights violation, and that poverty in itself is a root cause of a number of human rights violations. Looking at poverty through a lens of justice calls attention to the fact that poverty is something that often is imposed on people as an active act of discrimination and marginalization. 3. Poverty is not merely seen as a fact of individual circumstances or capacities, but rather perceived within the structures of power and inequity embedded in the local, the national, and the global context. O MAJOR CONSEQUENCES An increasing demand to SHIFT AWAY FROM A SIMPLE NEEDS-BASED APPROACH in development thinking; and An increasing acknowledgement of the COMPLEXITY OF POVERTY. O NEEDS vs. RIGHTS-BASED O COMPLEXITY OF POVERTY

Once we realize that poverty is complex and multifaceted, we also have to acknowledge the need to address poverty by solutions that can encompass this complexity. RBA encompasses the multitude of civil political, social, cultural as well as economic causes of poverty. It is not merely about the lack of adequate resourceseven if sources are available, access to them is often denied to the poor because of who they are, where they live, of simply because of neglect. O COMPLEXITY OF POVERTY This is based on the concept that impoverished people must be protected from illegal and unjust discrimination, dispossession, denial, and disenfranchisement. POVERTY IS SOMETHING DONE TO PEOPLE. O DUTY-BEARER AND RIGHTS-HOLDER Human rights claims always have a corresponding duty-bearer. A central dynamic of Rights-Based Approach is thus about identifying root causes of poverty, empowering rights-holders to claim their rights and enabling dutybearers to meet their obligations. Every human being is a right-holder and every human right has a corresponding duty-bearer. O DUTY-BEARER AND RIGHTS-HOLDER RIGHTS-HOLDER entitled to rights, entitled to claim rights, entitled to hole the duty-bearer accountable, has a responsibility to respect the rights of others DUTY-BEARER have the obligation to respect, protect, and fulfill the rights of the rights-holder The overall responsibility of human rights obligations rests within the state. O RBAA RESPONSE TO POVERTY SOURCES Rights-Based Approach System and Tools Manual 2006, UPNCPAG AND UNDPM Rights-based Approach Orientation Training Manual 2006, UPNCPAG AND UNDPM http://03559de.netsolhost.com/htmfiles/hill/17_htm_files/Committee-e/TaraARightsBased.pdf http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Publications/FAQen.pdf http://www.humanrights.dk/files/pdf/Publikationer/applying%20a%20rights%20 based%20approach.pdf http://www.unicef.org/sowc04/files/AnnexB.pdf http://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/index.shtml