CM/Rec(2010)/5

evropis ministrTa sabWos rekomendacia wevri saxelmwifoebisaTvis seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis safuZvelze diskriminaciis aRmofxvris Taobaze _ saqarTvelo

rekomendaciis Sesrulebis monitoringi

`qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufi~ Tbilisi, 2012

Sinaarsi
I. reziume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 II. rekomendaciebi mTavrobas prioritetuli qmedebebis Sesaxeb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 III. Sesavali . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 istoria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 winamdebare angariSis mizani . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 meTodologia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 IV. Semajamebeli angariSi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Sedegebis mokle Sejameba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 rekomendaciis danarTi CM/Rec(2010)5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 I. sicocxlis, usafrTxoebisa da Zaladobisagan dacvis ufleba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 a. danaSauli siZulvilis niadagze da siZulviliT motivirebuli sxva SemTxvevebi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 b. `siZulvilis ena~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 II. gaerTianebis Tavisufleba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 III. gamoxatvisa da mSvidobiani Sekrebis Tavisufleba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 IV. piradi da ojaxuri pativiscemis ufleba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 IVa. kerZo da saojaxo cxovrebis pativiscemis da jandacvis xelmisawvdomobis ufleba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 V. dasaqmeba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 VI. ganaTleba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 VII. jandacva (transgenderebTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis garda) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 VIII. sacxovrebeli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 IX. sporti . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 X. TavSesafris Ziebis ufleba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 XI. adamianis uflebaTa dacvis erovnuli institutebi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 XII. diskriminacia mravaljeradi niSniT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 V. danarTebi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . danarTi # 1. rekomendacia CM/Rec(2010)5 wevri saxelmwifoebis ministrTa komitets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CM/Rec(2010)5 rekomendaciis danarTi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I. sicocxlis, usafrTxoebisa da Zaladobisagan dacvis ufleba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A. danaSauli siZulvilis niadagze da siZulviliT motivirebuli sxva SemTxvevebi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B. `siZulvilis ena~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II. gaerTianebis Tavisufleba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III. gamoxatvisa da mSvidobiani Sekrebis Tavisufleba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV. piradi da ojaxuri cxovrebis pativiscemis ufleba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V. dasaqmeba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VI. ganaTleba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VII. jandacva . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VIII. sacxovrebeli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IX. sporti . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X. TavSesafris Ziebis ufleba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XI. adamianis uflebaTa dacvis erovnuli institutebi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XII. diskriminacia mravaljeradi niSniT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . danarTi # 2. detaluri angariSi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . rekomendacia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I. sicocxlis, usafrTxoebisa da Zaladobisagan dacvis ufleba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A. danaSauli siZulvilis niadagze da siZulviliT motivirebuli sxva SemTxvevebi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 34 36 36 36 36 37 37 38 39 39 40 40 40 41 41 41 42 42 44 44

B. `siZulvilis ena~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II. gaerTianebis Tavisufleba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III. gamoxatvisa da mSvidobiani Sekrebis Tavisufleba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV. piradi da ojaxuri cxovrebis pativiscemis ufleba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V. dasaqmeba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VI. ganaTleba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VII. jandacva (transgenderTa sakiTxis gamoklebiT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VIII. sacxovrebeli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IX. sporti . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X. TavSesafris Ziebis ufleba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XI. adamianis uflebaTa dacvis erovnuli instituti . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XII. diskriminacia mravaljeradi niSniT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

54 59 62 64 72 74 77 81 83 84 86 88

danarTi #3 saministroebis, saparlamento komitetebisa da sxva uwyebebis CamonaTvali, romelTac daegzavnaT rekomendaciis teqsti Sesabamisi kiTxvebiT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 danarTi #4. terminologia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

I. reziume
saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba lgbt pirebis mimarT gansakuTrebiT diskriminaciuli an represiuli ar aris. ukanaskneli aTwleulis ganmavlobaSi mniSvnelovanma cvlilebebma sabWoTa kavSiris droindeli represiuli kanonmdeblobis liberalizacia moaxdines da saqarTvelos samarTlebrivi sistema evropuls miuaxloves; es adamianis uflebebisa da fundamenturi Tavisuflebebis sferosac Seexo. Tanxmobis safuZvelze ganxorcielebuli homoseqsualuri qcevis dekriminalizacia 2000 wels moxda. amas mohyva sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebi, romlis mixedviTac aikrZala diskriminacia seqsualuri orientaciis da/an genderuli identobis safuZvelze sazogadoebrivi Tu piradi cxovrebis sxvadasxva, maT Soris dasaqmebisa da jandacvis sferoebSi.1 Tumca, rogorc Cans, es cvlilebebi calkeuli qmedebebis Sedegia da ubralod saqarTvelos evropul institutebSi gaerTianebis an maTTan mierTebis survilis Tanmdevi procesis nawilia2 (rasac, Sesabamisad, kanonmdeblobis liberalizacia da evropul kanonmdelobasTan harmonizacia mohyveba) da ara mTavrobis zogadad, an lgbt pirebis mimarT diskriminaciis aRmofxvrisaken, ministrTa komitetis rekomendaciis Sesrulebisaken an adamianis uflebebis sferoSi arsebuli nebismieri sxva instrumentis ganxircielebisaken mimarTuli gamiznuli Zalisxmevis rezultati. savaraudod, zustad saxelmwifos mizanmimarTuli da kargad gaazrebuli antidiskriminaciuli politikis da qmedebebis ararsebobis Sedegia is, rom kanonmdeblobaSi da kidev ufro metad praqtikaSi, jer isev arsebobs mniSvnelovani xarvezebi. es xarvezebi lgbt pirebs uTanasworo mdgomareobaSi ayenebs da, konkretul SemTxvevebSi, SeiZleba maTi diskriminaciis da fundamenturi uflebebis da Tavisuflebebis darRvevis mizezi gaxdes. saqarTveloSi lgbt pirebis uflebebis sferoSi arsebuli ZiriTadi problemebi SeiZleba Semdegnairad iqnas Sejamebuli: Zaladoba lgbt pirTa mimarT (sityvieri, fsiqologiuri da fizikuri Seuracxyofa da, gansakuTrebiT, ojaxuri Zaladoba) jer kidev farTodaa gavrcelebuli saqarTveloSi.3 miuxedavad amisa, Zalian dabalia mimarTvianobis maCvenebeli policiasa an arasamTavrobo organizaciebSi, ZiriTadad imis gamo, rom ar surs Tavisi seqsualuri orientaciis/genderuli identobis gamJRavneba; metic, lgbt pirebs xSirad eSiniaT, rom isini samarTaldamcavi organoebis homofobiuri damokidebulebis msxverplni SeiZleba gaxdnen.4 aseTi SiSi yovelTvis usafuZvlo rodia.5 arsebuli realoba gvafiqrebinebs, rom lgbt uflebebis dacvisa da pativiscemis uzrunvelsayofad ufro meti unda gakeTdes, vidre garkveuli sakanonmdeblo debulebebis miReba da maT ganxorcielebaze pasuxismgebeli organoebis gansazRvraa. Zalian didi mniSvneloba aqvs sajaro mosamsaxureebisa da ufro farTo sazogadoebis cnobierebis amaRlebis programebis ganxorcielebas. Tumca, mxolod es sakmarisi ar iqneba _ aucilebelia homofobiis donisa da lgbt uflebebze misi negatiuri gavlenis Semcireba. siZulvilis ena (maT Soris politikuri siZulvilis ena) saqarTveloSi prevalirebs,6 Tumca, am movlenis monitoringis da masTan brZolis raime efeqturi meqanizmi ar arsebobs. miuxedavad imisa, rom oficialurad homoseqsualoba aRar iTvleba daavadebad, medicinis sferos calkeuli muSakebi da zogierTi saxelmZRvanelo homoseqsualobas kvlavac ganixilavs rogorc mov1 kvleva homofobiis, transfobiis da seqsualuri orientaciis da genderuli identobis safuZvelze diskriminaciis Sesaxeb. sociologiuri angariSi: saqarTvelo, COWI. 2010. paragrafi 3. ix: http://www.coe.int/t/Commissioner/Source/LGBT/GeorgiaLegal_E.pdf 2 saqarTvelo evrosabWos wevria da evrokavSiris `aRmosavleT partniorobis iniciativaSi~ monawileobs 3 saqarTveloSi lbt qalTa mdgomareobis amsaxveli Crdilovani angariSi CEDAW komitetisaTvis. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufi~. WISG. Tbilisi, 2012. ix: http://women.ge/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/WISG-LBT-CEDAW-shadow-report_geo.pdf 4 iqve. 5 iqve. 6 iqve.

lenas, romelic samedicino an sulieri/religiuri liderebis Carevas moiTxovs. Zalian mcire an saerTod aranairi informacia ar arsebobs lgbt pirebis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb daxurul dawesebulebebSi (mag., cixeebSi, jarSi da a.S.). informacias seqsualuri orientaciis an genderuli identobis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad gaaCnda specialuri dacvis statusi, rogorc `pirad informacias~. Tumca, SarSan miRebuli iqna Sesworeba, romlis Tanaxmadac, `sajaro interesis~ arsebobis SemTxvevaSi dasaSvebia `piradi informaciis~ Segroveba, damuSaveba da gavrceleba pirovnebis winaswari Tanxmobis gareSe. es exeba informacias seqsualuri orientaciis Sesaxebac. Tavad kanoni ar moicavs `sajaro interesis~ gansazRvrebas, Tumca, parlamentis deputatis ganmartebiT, magaliTad: Tuki homoseqsuali apirebs muSaobis dawyebas sabavSvo baRSi, misi seqsualuri orientaciis gamJRavneba sazogadoebis interesebSi Sedis.7 es Sesworeba ZalaSi jer ar Sesula. iusticiis saministrom Seatyobina `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWer jgufs~, rom maT momzadebuli aqvT sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebis damatebiTi paketi, romelmac kanoni evropul standartebTan SesabamisobaSi unda moiyvanos. miuxedavad amisa, unda aRiniSnos, rom aqamde arc saxelmwifo dawesebulebebs, arc ombudsmenis samsaxurs ar gamouTqvamT SeSfoTeba am kanonTan dakavSirebiT, romelic pirovnul Tavisuflebas da damoukideblobas safrTxis qveS ayenebs. am kanonis gamo mxolod ramodenime arasamTavrobo organizaciam atexa gangaSi. gaerTianebis Tavisuflebisagan gansxvavebiT, romliTac lgbt pirebi da aqtivistebi problemebis gareSe sargebloben, Sekrebis Tavisuflebaze ukanasknel wlebSi ramodenime Seteva ganxorcielda. transgenderi adamianebis saWiroebebi arasakmarisadaa gaTvaliswinebuli kanonmdeblobaSi, rac zog SemTxvevaSi, maTi fundamenturi uflebebis darRveviT sruldeba. saqarTveloSi seqsualuri orientaciis an genderuli identobis safuZvelze TavSesafris micemasTan dakavSirebiT aranairi konkretuli problemebi ar gamovlenila. umaRlesi politikuri Tanamdebobis pirs, prezidents, romelic saqarTvelos konstituciiT miniWebuli yvela uflebis dacvis garanti gaxlavT, arasodes gaukeTebia raime aSkara gancxadeba an miuRia raime aSkara zoma lgbt pirebis dasacavad, iseve, rogorc, amis sawinaaRmdegod. saqarTvelos ombudsmens zogadad ar gaaCnia lgbt pirTa dacvis, an maT winaaRmdeg ZaladobasTan brZolis didi istoria. Tumca, 2012 wels SeimCneva garkveuli cvlilebebi. dro gviCvenebs, ramdenad mdgradi aRmoCndeba es cvlilebebi. ar arsebobs saxelmwifo samoqmedo gegma ministrTa komitetis rekomendaciis Sesasruleblad da mTavroba ar gviCvenebs aranair niSnebs, rom igi apirebs saqarTveloSi lgbt pirebis mdgomareobis gasaumjobeseblad aqtiuri nabijebis gadadgmas. miuxedavad imisa, rom ukanaskneli sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebi, romelTa mixedviTac lgbt pirebis mimarT siZulvilis safuZvelze danaSaulis Cadena damamZimebel garemoebad iTvleba,8 namdvilad misasalmebelia, es, rogorc Cans, isev da isev mxolod gancalkevebuli qmedebaa da ara homofobiasTan brZolis da lgbt pirebis diskriminaciasTan sabrZolvelad gamiznuli mTavrobis ufro farTo gegmis nawili; metic, imisaTvis, rom es debuleba realurad amuSavdes da lgbt pirebis ukeTesi praqtikuli dacva uzrunvelyos, jer kidev bevri ram unda gakeTdes. vinmem SeiZleba Tqvas, rom qveyanaSi, romelSic Rrmad konservatiuli moralia gabatonebuli da sazogadoebrivi azris Camoyalibebaze marTlmadidebeli eklesiis Zlieri (Tu ara uZlieresi) gavlena arsebobs, bevri cdilobs Tavi aaridos lgbt sakiTxebis sajarod ganxilvas. maT eSiniaT, rom eklesias an mis mrevls gaanawyeneben. lgbt sakiTxebi saqarTveloSi politikuri Zalauflebis da gavlenisaTvis brZolis saSualebad rCeba da, rogorc Cans, jer kidev bevri droa saWiro, sanam saxelmwifo institutebi da ufro farTo sazogadoeba am sakiTxis, rogorc ubralod adamianis uflebaTa dacvis sakiTxad aRqmas daiwyeben.
7 araferi piraduli _ kanonproeqti, romelic amas icavs da sajaros xdis. m.mecxvariSvili. netgazeTi. 10.01.2010. ix: http://netgazeti.ge/GE/27/News/2534/?sms_ss=facebook&at_xt=4ca88497a59d6ab6%2C0 8 sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 53-e muxlis Sesworeba, miRebulia 2012 wlis 27 marts

II. rekomendaciebi mTavrobas prioritetuli qmedebebis Sesaxeb

SeitaneT cvlilebebi kanonmdeblobaSi. kerZod: 1. seqsualuri orientacia da genderuli identoba mkafiod unda iqnas Setanili yvela Sesabamisi kanonis antidiskriminaciuli safuZvlebis CamonaTvalSi; amavdroulad, mosamarTleebma farTo interpretacia unda miscen am debulebebs da ganmarton, rogorc seqsualuri orientaciis da genderuli identobis safuZvelze diskriminaciis amkrZalavi norma. 2. aucilebelia cvlilebebis Setana saqarTvelos `SromiT kodeqsSi~, raTa uzrunvelyofili iqnas diskriminaciis aRmofxvra ara mxolod ukve dasaqmebuli pirebis, aramed dasaqamebis maZiebelTa mimarTac. 3. aucilebelia transgenderi pirebisTvis saxelmwifo da arasaxelmwifo dawesebulebebis mier gacemul yvela ZiriTad dokumentSi maTi genderuli identobis asaxvis swrafi, gamWvirvale da xelmisawvdomi procedurebis danergva. 4. aucilebelia sqesis kvlavminiWebis procesis regulireba ise, rom transgender pirebs efeqturad miuwvdebodeT xeli sayovelTaod aRiarebuli saerTaSoriso standartebis Sesabamis fsiqologiur da endokrinologiur daxmarebaze da amis xarjebs sazogadoebrivi jandacva unda faravdes. 5. aucilebelia parlamentis wevrebis eTikis kodeqsis gadaxaliseba da misi efeqturad Sesrulebis uzrunvelyofa, gansakuTrebiT im nawilSi, romelic parlamentarebis mier homofobiuri siZulvilis enis gamoyenebas exeba. miiReT zomebi arsebuli kanonebisa da normatiuli aqtebis efeqturad Sesrulebis uzrunvelsayofad. maT Soris: 6. policiis oficrebis da sxva sajaro mosamsaxureebis eTikis kodeqsi efeqturad unda xorcieldebodes, raTa gamoiricxos lgbt pirebis mimarT saxelmwifo dawesebulebebSi homofobiuri qcevis da damokidebulebis gamoyeneba. amis mkacri uzrunvelyofa, sxva zomebTan erTad, unda moicavdes disciplinaruli da, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, sisxlis samarTlis sanqciebis gamoyenebas maT winaaRmdeg, vinc arRvevs qcevis kodeqss an sxva Sesabamis saknonmdeblo debulebebs. 7. aucilebelia kiber-danaSaulis Sesaxeb konvenciis efeqturad Sesruleba. saxelmwifom, sxva nabijebis paralelurad, unda Caataros Treiningebi da cnobierebis amaRlebis kampania saxelmwifo dawesebulebebis Sesabamisi TanamSromlebisaTvis, iseve rogorc ufro farTo sazogadoebisTvis, Seiswavlos erovnuli kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisoba konvenciasTan da, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi Seitanos masSi Sesworebebi. 8. aucilebelia homoseqsualebis mier sisxlis donorobaze jandacvis ministris blanketuri akrZalvis gadaxedva da masSi saukeTeso saerTaSoriso praqtikebis Sesabamisad Sesworebebis Setana, raTa uzrunvelyofili iqnas balansi erTi mxriv lgbt pirebis uflebebis da, meore mxriv, sazogadoebrivi jandacvis interesebis dacvas Soris. SeimuSaveT da ganaxorcieleT saTreiningo, saganmanaTleblo da cnobierebis amaRlebaze mimarTuli aqtivobebi. maT Soris: 9. ganaTlebis saministrom, sxva Sesabamis saxelmwifo uwyebebTan da samoqalaqo sazogadoebasTan erTad, unda SeimuSavos programebi, romlebic realurad uzrunvelyofen inkluziur ganaTlebas; magaliTad, SesaZlebelia saskolo programebSi seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis sakiTxebis CarTva, agreTve maswavleblebisTvis samuSaoze miRebisas da muSaobis procesSi Treiningebis organizeba, lgbt moswavleebisaTvis fsiqologiuri konsultaciebis gaweva da a.S.
7

10. ganaTlebis saministrom, samoqalaqo sazogadoebasTan da gansakuTrebiT lgbt pirebis problemebze da sxva momijnave sakiTxebze momuSave arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan erTad unda Caataros kvleva, raTa daadginos, ras aswavlian saxelmZRvaneloebi moswavleebs: tolerantobas Tu homofobias. Tuki am ukanasknels aqvs adgili, saministrom, samoqalaqo sazogadoebis warmomadgenlebTan da gansakuTrebiT lgbt pirebis problemebze da sxva Sesabamis sakiTxebze momuSave arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan mWidro TanamSromlobiT unda gadaWras es sakiTxi. 11. saqarTvelos sajaro mosamsaxureTaTvis gamiznul adamianis uflebaTa sabaziso kursSi aucilebelia ministrTa komitetis rekomendaciis Setana. amas garda rekomendaciis Setana aucilebelia im Treiningebis/seminarebis programebSi (da Sesabamis masalebSi), romlebic samarTaldamcavi organoebis oficrebisaTvis, prokurorebisaTvis da mosamarTleebisaTvis adamianis uflebebis, diskriminaciis aRmofxvris, siZulvilis safuZvelze Cadenili danaSaulebis da a.S. sakiTxebze tardeba. 12. seqsualur orientaciasTan da genderul identobasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis Setana agreTve aucilebelia mosamarTleebis da sxva iuridiuli profesiebis, samarTaldamcavi organoebis TanamSromlebisa da samedicino muSakebis sawyis da muSaobis procesSi gasavleli Treiningebis programebSi. 13. ganaTlebisa da jandacvis saministroebma unda imoqmedon koordinirebulad, raTa Seitanon Sesabamisi cvlilebebi amJamad arsebul da SemoTavazebul samedicino saxelmZRvaneloebsa da saswavlo programebSi da uzrunvelyon, rom am saxelmZRvaneloebSi homoseqsualoba ar ganisazRvrebodes rogorc avadmyofoba, fsiqikuri aSliloba, seqsualuri garyvnileba da a.S. gaatareT zomebi konkretuli lgbt jgufebis mimarT. maT Soris: 14. saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelma gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda miaqcios lgbt pirebis mdgomareobas daxurul dawesebulebebSi, maT Soris cixeebsa da jarSi. man zedmiwevniT unda Seiswavlos es sakiTxi da Sedegebi Tavis yovelwliur angariSSi, an specialuri angariSis saxiT gamoaqveynos. 15. aucilebelia adekvaturi meqanizmis Seqmna imisaTvis, raTa arasrulwlovanma lgbt pirebma SeZlon ganacxadon samarTaldamcav organoebSi maT mimarT Cadenili Zaladobis Sesaxeb da monawileoba miiRon Semdgom procedurebSi maTi mSoblebis/meurveebis aucilebeli CarTulobis gareSe, radgan aseTi CarTuloba gardauvals xdis am ukanasknelTaTvis arasrulwlovnis identobis gamJRavnebas. 16. saxelmwifom arasrulwlovan lgbt pirebs unda SesTavazos efeqturi dacva ojaxuri Zaladobisagan. maT Soris, fsiqologiuri zewolisagan ojaxis wevrTa mxridan, romlebic aiZuleben arasrulwlovan lgbt pirebs gaiaron `samedicino mkurnaloba orientaciis Sesacvlelad~. miiReT sxva saWiro zomebi. maT Soris: 17. rekomendaciis sxva aspeqtebis gansaxorcieleblad aucilebelia saSualo/grZelvadiani samoqmedo gegmis da qmedebaTa ganxorcielebis grafikis SemuSaveba rac lgbt uflebadacviT organizaciebTan an samoqalaqo sazogadoebaSi lgbt sakiTxebze momuSave sxva pirebTan mWidro TanamSromlobiT unda ganxorcieldes.

III. Sesavali
istoria
2010 wlis 31 marts evropis sabWos ministrTa komitetma miiRo rekomendacia wevri saxelmwifoebisTvis `seqsualuri orientaciis da genderuli identobis safuZvelze diskriminaciasTan brZolis zomebis Sesaxeb~. es istoriuli momenti iyo. rekomendacia, rogorc es evropis sabWos generalurma mdivanma Torburn iaglandma aRiara, msoflioSi pirveli saerTaSoriso samarTlebrivi instrumentia, romelic konkretulad am safuZvelze diskriminaciis aRmofxvras isaxavs miznad. misi TqmiT `es diskriminaciis erTerTi yvelaze Zveli da aRmosafxvrelad Zneli formaa~.9 zogadad rom vTqvaT, rekomendacia sam rames emsaxureba: xazs usvams ZiriTad princips, rom adamianis uflebebi universaluria da yvela individs, maT Soris lgbt pirebsac, erTnairad exeba; aRiarebs, rom saukuneTa manZilze xdeboda lgbt pirebis diskriminacia maTi seqsualuri orientaciis an genderuli identobis safuZvelze; aRiarebs, rom aucilebelia konkretuli qmedebebis ganxorcieleba, raTa lgbt pirebma SeZlon TavianTi uflebebis dacva da gansazRvravs zomebs, romlebic wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon. rekomendacia erTxmad iqna miRebuli evropis sabWos wevri 47 saxelmwifos mier. miuxedavad imisa, rom es ufro rekomendaciaa da ara konvencia, igi myarad efuZneba wevri saxelmwifoebis mier aRiarebul adamianis uflebaTa damavaldebulebel saerTaSoriso da evropul SeTanxmebebs; Sesabamisad, wevr saxelmwifoebs misi Sesrulebis mkafio valdebuleba ekisrebaT. rekomendacia sami nawilisagan Sedgeba: pirveli, preambula, misi miRebis istorias da ZiriTad saxelmZRvanelo principebs aRwers; meore, rekomendaciis operatiuli nawili moicavs gansaxorcielebli zomebis farTo speqtris mokle CamonaTvals; da mesame, danarTi, romelSic CamoTvlilia konkretuli zomebi adamianis uflebebis dasacavad da sxvadasxva sferoebSi darRvevebTan sabrZolvelad. es sferoebi moicaven danaSauls siZulvilis safuZvelze, siZulvilis enas, gaerTianebis, TviTgamoxatvis da Sekrebis Tavisuflebas, piradi da saojaxo cxovrebis pativiscemas, dasaqmebas, ganaTlebas, jandacvas da sacxovrebliT uzrunvelyofas, sports, TavSesafris Ziebis uflebas da diskriminacias sxvadasxva safuZvelze. igi agreTve gansazRvravs adamianis uflebadamcveli erovnuli struqturebis rols. rekomendacias Tan axlavs `ganmartebiTi memorandumi~, romelic miuTiTebs adamianis uflebebis dacvis saerTaSoriso meqanizmebsa da samarTlebriv precedentebze, rasac efuZneba rekomendacia da misi danarTi.

winamdebare angariSis mizani

winamdebare angariSis mizania Seafasos, Tu ra progresi iqna miRweuli saqarTvelos mTavrobis mier rekomendaciebis Sesrulebis kuTxiT da gamokveTos is sferoebi, romlebSic aucilebelia damatebiTi zomebis gatareba. Sesabamisad, am angariSis safuZvelze SesaZlebeli iqneba uaxloes wlebSi rekomendaciebis Sesrulebis procesSi miRweuli progresis Sefaseba. angariSi ori ZiriTadi samizne auditoriisaTvis aris gankuTvnili. pirvel rigSi, erovnul doneze, eseni arian politikuri liderebi da sajaro moxeleebi, romlebic pasuxs ageben rekomendaciis
9 `evropis sabWo lesboseli, gei, biseqsuali da transgenderi pirebis adamianis uflebebis dasacavad~ https://wcd.coe. int/ViewDoc.jsp?id=1607163&Site=DC&BackColorInternet=F5CA75&BackColorIntranet=F5CA75&BackColorLogged=A9BACE

Sesrulebaze. meore rigSi, evropis sabWos ministrTa komiteti, romelic rekomendaciis miRebisas SeTanxmda imaze, rom 2013 wlis martSi igi ganaxorcielebs Semowmebas, Tu ramdenad asruleben qveynebi mis moTxovnebs.

meTodologia
winamdebare angariSSi progresis Sefaseba xorcieldeba rekomendaciis mier moTxovnili konkretuli detaluri siis safuZvelze, romelic aRebulia rekomendaciis teqstidan da misi danarTidan, rasac agreTve mxars umagrebs `ganmartebiT memorandumSi~ gansazRvruli damatebiTi detalebi. sia da `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufis~ mier mopovebuli monacemebi, romlebic rekomendaciis calkeuli zomebis ganxorcielebis progresis Sesafaseblad gamoiyneba, winamdebare angariSis me-3 danarTSia (detaluri angariSi) mocemuli. Sesrulebis progresis Sesafaseblad gamoyenebuli iqna monacemebi sxvadasxva wyaroebidan: saqarTvelos konstitucia, sxvadasxva sakanonmdeblo da kanonqvemdebare aqtebi, saxvadasxva saministroebis brZanebulebebi, sarekomendacio xasiaTis normebi (soft low). sxvadasxva saministroebidan, saparlamento komitetebidan da sxva relevanturi instituciebidan miRebuli sapasuxo werilebi `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufis~ mier gagzavnil kiTxvebze; publikaciebi, mag. rogoricaa evropis sabWos adamianis uflebaTa komisaris angariSi saqarTvelos Sesaxeb, romelic `seqsualuri orientaciis da genderuli identobis safuZvelze diskriminaciis angariSis~ nawils warmoadgenda. qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufis~, organizacia `identobisa~ da sxva arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mier ganxorcielebuli kvlevebi, angariSebi da Segrovebuli dokumentacia. mediaSi gamoqveynebuli masalebi.

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IV.

Semajamebeli angariSi

Sedegebis mokle Sejameba

rekomendaciis operatiuli sia moicavs xuT ZiriTad gzavnils monawile qveynebis mTavrobebis mimarT: seqsualuri orientaciis an genderuli identobis safuZvelze nebismieri diskriminaciis aRmofxvrisaken mimarTuli arsebuli zomebis gadaxedva; aseT diskriminaciasTan brZolis efeqturi zomebis SemoReba; imis uzrunvelyofa, rom msxverpls gaaCndes saTanado samarTlebrivi kompensaciis miRebis saSualeba; damatebiT imis uzrunvelyofa, rom rekomendacia gadaiTargmnos da gavrceldes rac SeiZleba farTod; sakuTari saqmianobis rekomendaciis danarTSi mocemuli pincipebis da zomebis Sesabamisad ganxorcieleba. rogorc ministrTa komitetis rekomendaciebis Sesrulebis procesSi miRweuli progresis Sesaxeb sxvadasxva saxelmwifo dawesebulebebidan miRebuli pasuxebi gviCvenebs, oficialurma organoebma cota ram ician am rekomendaciis Sesaxeb. mTavrobas ar uTargmnia rekomendacia qarTul enaze da ar gauvrcelebia igi; metic, mTavrobas arc rekomendaciis Sesrulebis samoqmedo gegma an grafiki Seudgenia. lgbt pirebi heteroseqsualebTan SedarebiT uTanasworo pirobebSi imyofebian; zogierT SemTxvevaSi kanoni Tavad ar gaxlavT diskriminaciuli, Tumca, igi diskriminaciuli praqtikebis ganxorcielebis saSualebas iZleva da negatiur gavlenas axdens lgbt jgufis wevrebze.10 miuxedavad amisa, mTavrobas ar ganuxilavs zomebi, romlebic arsebuli problemebis gadaWras uzrunvelyofdnen. miuxedavad imisa, rom ukanasknel wlebSi, saqarTvelos ramodenime kanonSi Sevida cvlilebebi, romlebic mkafiod krZalaven diskriminacias seqsualuri orientaciis da/an genderuli identobis safuZvelze, es qmedebebi ar warmoadgendnen mTavrobis gamiznul politikis Sedegs, romelic mimarTuli iqneboda ministrTa komitetis rekomendaciis Sesrulebaze an konkretulad lgbt pirebis uflebebis dacvaze. es cvlilebebi ganxorcielda an evropis sabWos zewolis Sesabamisad momxdariyo saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis liberalizacia, an warmoadgendnen saqarTvelos evrokavSirSi gawevrianebis survilis gamo kanonmdeblobis adamianis uflebaTa dacvis evropul standartebTan harmonizaciis mcdelobis daugegmav Sedegs. lgbt pirebis uflebebTan dakavSirebul kanonmdeblobaSi da praqtikaSi arsebuli xarvezebi SeiZleba xuT ZiriTad jgufad daiyos: a) kanoni ar iTvaliswinebs lgbt pirebis konkretul saWiroebebs; b) kanoni bundovania da mikerZoebulad interpretirebis da Zalauflebis borotad gamoyenebis saSualebas iZleva, ramac SeiZleba lgbt pirebis diskriminacia da maTi uflebebis SezRudva gamoiwvios; g) kanoni saerTod ar aregulirebs/iTvaliswinebs lgbt pirebisaTvis gansakuTrebuli mniSvnelobis mqone garkveul sakiTxebs; d) zogierTi debulebebi SeiZleba ganixilebodes, rogorc lgbt pirebis mimarT gansakuTrebulad negatiuri damokidebulebis gamaZlierebeli; e) liberalur sakanonmdeblo debulebebs mxars ar uWeren maTi ganxorcielebis da monitoringis efeqturi instrumentebi, romlebic lgbt pirebis mdgomareobis realur gaumjobesebas uzrunvelyofdnen. qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufis~ mier dokumentirebuli faqtebi gviCveneben, rom
10 kvleva homofobiis, transfobiis da seqsualuri orientaciis da genderuli identobis safuZvelze diskriminaciis Sesaxeb. samarTlebrivi analizi: saqarTvelo. damoukidebeli mkvlevari ana nacvliSvili. COWI. 2010. gv.3. ix.: http:// www.coe.int/t/commissioner/source/lgbt/georgialegal_e.pdf

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lgbt pirebis uflebebi rekomendaciaSi gansazRvrul TiTqmis yvela sferoSi irRveva. amavdroulad, saxelmwifo organoebisagan miRebuli pasuxebi gviCveneben, rom saxelmwifo bevrs arafers akeTebs, raTa aRmofxvras es darRvevebi da miiRos zomebi maTi ganmeorebis Tavidan asacileblad, iseve, rogorc diskriminaciasTan brZolis efeqturi zomebis misaRebad. saxelmwifo organoebisgan miRebuli pasuxebi Zalian mcire (an saerTao aranair) sababs gvaZlevs vivaraudoT, rom mTavroba Tavisi qmedebebis ganxorcielebisas rekomendaciis danarTSi gansazRvruli principebiT an zomebiT xelmZRvanelobda. ufro sapirispiros danaxva aris SesaZlebeli: ukanasknel dros miRebuli sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebi warmoadgenen imis aSkara magaliTs, rom mTavroba rekomendaciis, iseve rogorc zogadad miRebuli adamianis uflebebis normebis sawinaaRmdegod moqmedebda. kerZod, 2011 wlis dekemberSi parlamentma miiRo kanoni `piradi monacemebis dacvis Sesaxeb~, romlis Sesabamisadac SemoRebuli iqna monacemTa inspeqtoris Tanamdeboba. kanoni damsaqmeblebs (rogorc sajaro, aseve kerZo) avaldebulebs Seagrovon piradi monacemebi TavianTi TanamSromlebis Sesaxeb (maT Soris informacia seqsualuri orientaciis Sesaxeb) da gaugzavnon monacemTa inspeqtors. metic, kanoni aZlevda inspeqtors uflebas daemuSavebina, gaeanalizebina, Seenaxa da gaevrcelebina aseTi informacia im piris winaswari Tanxmobis gareSe, romelsac igi exeboda, `sajaro interesis~ arsebobis SemTxvevaSi. Tumca, kanoni mkafiod ar ganmartavda `sajaro interess~ da arc saxelmwifosaTvis miniWebuli aseTi farTo uflebamosilebebis borotad gamoyenebisagan damcav meqanizmebs qmnida. parlamentis deputatis mier gakeTebulma ganmartebebma `sajaro interesis~ Taobaze kidev ufro SeaSfoTa uflebadamcvelebi da lgbt uflebebisaTvis mebrZoli aqtivistebi. man ganacxada, rom sajaro interesebSia im pirebis seqsualuri orientaciis codna, romlebic sabavSvo baRSi muSaobas apireben. Tumca, kanoni jer ZalaSi ar Sesula da aucilebelia misi saswrafod gamowveva.

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rekomendaciis danarTi CM/Rec(2010)5 I. sicocxlis, usafrTxoebisa da Zaladobisagan dacvis ufleba

A. danaSauli siZulvilis niadagze da siZulviliT motivirebuli sxva SemTxvevebi I.a nawilSi mocemuli ZiriTadi rekomendaciebi moicaven policiis oficrebis, sasamarTlo sistemis da sasjelaRsrulebis dawesebulebebis TanamSromelTa Treinings, samarTaldamcavi organoebisa da sasjelaRsrulebis dawesebulebebis TanamSromelTa mier savaraudod siZulvilis safuZvelze Cadenili danaSaulis gamoZiebis damoukidebeli saSualebebis danergvas da sxva sakanonmdeblo Tu sxva zomebs seqsualuri orientaciis an genderuli identobis safuZvelze Cadenili `siZulvilis danaSaulTan~ da siZulviliT motivirebul incidentebTan sabrZolvelad, maT Soris siZulvilis danaSaulebis kanonmdeblobas. wevr saxelmwifoebs agreTve moeTxovebaT am sferoSi diskriminaciis prevalirebis Sesaxeb monacemebis Segroveba da gaanalizeba. sul `Sesabamisobis dokumentaciis angariSis~ am nawilSi 17 zoma aris gansazRvruli. saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba ar gansazRvravs siZulvilis safuZvelze Cadenil danaSauls da ar axdens mis kriminalizacias. Sedegad, ar arebobs oficialuri statistikuri monacemebi zogadad siZulvilis safuZvelze Cadenili danaSaulebis an amave safuZvelze lgbt pirebis mimarT Cadenili danaSaulebis Sesaxeb.11 ar xdeba lgbt pirTa diskriminaciis bunebis da prevalirebis Sesaxeb monacemebis Segroveba da gaanalizeba. ar arsebobs specialuri samarTaldamcavi ganyofileba, romelic konkretulad siZulvilis safuZvelze Cadenili danaSaulebis an siZulviliT motivirebuli incidentebis Sesaxeb gancxadebebs miiRebda an maT gamoiZebda. policiis eTikis kodeqsis (magaliTad im nawilSi, romelic krZalavs diskriminacias) Sesrulebas Sinagan saqmeTa saministros generaluri inspeqcia zedamxedvelobs. garda gancxadebis miRebis Cveulebriv arsebuli procedurebisa, Sinagan saqmeTa saministroSi funqcionirebs cxeli xazi, romliTac SesaZlebelia incidentis Sesaxeb pirdapir ecnobos generalur inspeqcias. Tumca, ar arsebobs aranairi monacemebi am cxeli xazis efeqturobis Sesaxeb, iseve, rogorc generaluri inspeqciis mier lgbt pirebis mimarT diskriminaciis Camdeni policiis oficrebTan mimarTebaSi gamoyenebuli praqtikebis Taobaze. samarTaldamcavi organoebis oficrebi gadian zogad kursebs adamianis uflebebis dacvis sferoSi da/an specialur kursebs, romlebic, sxva sakiTxebTan erTad, yuradRebas amaxvileben diskriminaciaze, siZulviliT gamowveul danaSaulebze da a.S. am Treiningebis organizeba ZiriTadad ombudsmenis samsaxurTan an adamianis uflebadamcvel arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan erTad xdeba. Tumca, ar aris cxadi, rogor izomeba am Treiningebis konkretuli Sedegebi an saboloo efeqturoba. ukanasknel dromde, religiuri an eTnikuri siZulvilis safuZvelze Cadenili danaSaulisagan gansxvavebiT, seqsualuri orientaciis/genderuli identobis gamo siZulvilis safuZvelze danaSaulis Cadena ar iTvleboda damamZimebel garemoebad. ukanasknelma sakanonmdeblo Sesworebebma es xarvezi saTanadod aRmofxvra.12 maT Sesabamisad, danaSaulis damamZimebel garemoebaTa CamonaTvals seqsualuri orientaciis an genderuli identobis safuZvelze arsebuli siZulvilic daemata. miuxedavad imisa, rom es Zalian pozitiuri cvlilebaa, unda aRiniSnos, rom ar arsebobs aranairi informacia imis Sesaxeb, Tu ra zomebs iRebs mTavroba am debulebebis praqtikaSi efeqturad ganxorcielebis uzrunvelsayofad (mag., Sesabamisi Tanamdebobis pirebis swavleba, Tu rogor unda amoicnon lgbt pirebis mimarT siZulvilis motivi konkretul saqmeSi da a.S.); metic, ar aris cnobili, ra meqanizmebi gamoiyeneba (Tuki aseTebi saerTod arsebobs) imisaTvis, rom lgbt jgufis wevrebma gadalaxon SiSi da undobloba samarTaldamcavTa mimarT da aseTi incidentebis Taobaze policias mimarTon.
11 rogorc agreTve `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufi~ Tavis CEDAW-is Crdilovan angariSSi aRniSnavs, danaSaulebi, romlebic faqtiurad lgbt pirebis mimarT siZulviliT arian gamowveuli, sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis sxvadasxva debelebebSia gafantuli da kvalificirdeba, magaliTad, rogorc sxeulis dazianeba, xulignoba da a.S. 12 saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 53-e muxlis Sesworeba, miRebulia 2012 wlis 27 marts.

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Case #W19. aRdgomelaSvili da jafariZe saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg _ evropul sasamarTloSi wardgenili pirveli saqme saqarTvelodan, romelic policiis homofobiur qcevas exeba (aplikaciis N. 7224/11)13 2009 wlis 15 dekembers fond `inkluzivis~ (IF) ofisSi policiam Caatara Cxreka. Cxrekis momentisaTvis ofisSi imyofeboda lbt jgufis ocamde warmomadgeneli. 2006 _ 2009 wlebSi IF warmoadgenda lesbosel, homoseqsual, biseqsual da transgenderTa erTaderT arasamTavrobo organizacias saqarTveloSi. aRniSnuli organizaciis TanadamfuZnebeli iyo pirveli ganmcxadebeli ekaterine aRdgomelaSvili, romelic 2000 wlidan organizacia `qalTa iniciativis mxardamWeri jgufis~ (WISG) aRmasrulebeli direqtoria. meore ganmcxadebeli _ TinaTin jafariZe _ 2006-2009 wlebSi IF-Si muSaobda programis xelmZRvanelad sruli ganakveTiT, xolo amJamad aris WISG-is proeqtis menejeri. sasamarTloSi wardgenil sarCelSi naTqvamia, rom Catarebuli Cxrekis dros policielebma gadaaWarbes sakuTar uflebamosilebebs da daarRvies kanoniT dadgenili procedurebi, moepyrnen ra ganmcxadeblebs Seuracxmyofelad da damamcireblad. kerZod, mas Semdeg, rac policiis oficrebma daadgines IF-is saqmianobis xasiaTi, maT sakuTari qcevebiT gamoxates gansakuTrebuli homofobiuri damokidebuleba ofisSi myofi yvela piris, maT Soris, ganmcxadeblebis mimarT. aRniSnuli qcevebi moicavda uxeS mopyrobas ganmcxadebelTa mimarT da maTi realuri Tu aRqmuli seqsualuri orientaciis Seuracxyofas. aseve ukanonod ganxorcielda IF-is TanamSromlebis gaSiSvlebamde Cxreka maTTvis raime axsna-ganmartebis uzrunvelyofis an maTive uflebebis gacnobis gareSe. aRniSnuli incidentis seriozulobas adasturebs gamoxmaurebaTa is raodenoba, romelic am faqts mediasa da samoqalaqo sazogadoebaSi mohyva. rogorc saxelmwifo, ise arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mier gakeTda sajaro gancxadebebi, romlebSic maT dagmes aRniSnuli darRvevebi da saqarTvelos Sesabamis organoebs mosTxoves reagireba. miuxedavad yvelafrisa, aRniSnul incidentTan dakavSirebiT efeqturi gamoZieba ar Catarebula da arc romelime policielis pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxi damdgara. sarCelSi naTqvamia, rom ganmcxadeblebi daeqvemdebarnen araadamianur da damamcirebel mopyrobas (adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvenciis me-3 muxli) da/an moxda maT pirad cxovrebaSi Careva (konvenciis me-8 muxli), aseve maT winaaRmdeg adgili hqonda diskriminacias maTi realuri Tu aRqmuli seqsualuri orientaciidan gamomdinare (konvenciis me-14 muxli; oqmi #12-is muxli 1). garda amisa, dasturdeba, rom ganmcxadebelTa Cxreka gaSiSvlebamde ar ganxorcielebula kanonis dacviT da es arc konvenciis me-8 muxlis meore TavSi gaTvaliswinebul romelime kanonier mizans emsaxureboda. yovelive zemoxsenebulidan gamomdinare, vinaidan aRniSnul incidentTan dakavSirebiT ar Catarebula efeqturi gamoZieba, aravis gaurkvevia iyo Tu ara policielTa qceva gamowveuli homofobiiT da aseve saxelmwifos ar dauyenebia damnaSaveTa pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxi, naTeli xdeba, rom adgili hqonda konvenciis me-3, me-8 da me-14 muxlebis gamudmebul darRvevas. faqti, rom saxelmwifom ar uzrunvelyo efeqturi dacvis saSualebebis arseboba; aseve arRvevs konvenciis me-13 muxls. Case #P21. samarTaldamcavebi cdiloben Jurnalistis daSantaJebas lgbt adamianebis winaaRmdeg arsebuli winaswarganwyobebis gamoyenebiT 25 noemberi, 2009: Tedo jorbenaZes, gazeT `baTumelebis Jurnalisturi gamoZiebis jgufis koordinators, aWaris avtonomiuri respublikis sammarTvelos saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros specialuri operatiuli departamentis (sodi) ganyofilebaSi misvla mosTxoves. jorbenaZes uTxres, rom `baTumelebiT~ dainteresebuli arian ucxo qvey13 http://www.interights.org/aghdgomelashvili/index.html

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nebis, konkretulad ki ruseTis da TurqeTis specsamsaxurebi da SesTavazes TanamSromloba samarTaldamcav sturqturebTan. rodesac batonma jorbenaZem uari Tqva TanamSromlobaze, sod-is oficerma mas amobeWdili, Sav-TeTri fotoebi aCvena, sadac gamosaxuli iyvnen mamakacebi sacvlebis amara. amis Semdeg Jurnalistis uTxres, rom am kadrebze TviTon aris gamosaxuli (Tumca, TviTon jorbenaZe acxadebs rom sakuTari Tavis identifikacia fotoze ver moaxdina) da daemuqrnen, rom am kadrebs gaugzavnian mis avadmyof mamas, TanamSromlebs, atvirTaven internetSi. gaafrTxiles, rom am kadrebis gavrcelebis Semdeg is dakargavs samsaxurs, an intervius aRaravin miscems. gazeTis redaqciam saswrafod moiwvia preskonferencia da gaasajaroa informacia am SemTxvevis Sesaxeb. incindents gamoxmaureba mohyva adgilobrivi da saerTaSoriso arasamTavrobo seqtoris mxridan da aseve mediaSi. oficialuri gamoZieba incidents ar mohyolia.14 Case #W28. policia ar icavs kanons msxverplis seqsualuri orientaciis gamo mamakaci, homoseqsuali, 18 wlis, seqs-muSaki respodentis TqmiT, 2011 wlis dekemberSi, TbilisSi, cirkis mimdebare teritoriaze samma ucnobma adamianma mas sityvieri da fizikuri Seuracxyofa miayena. cdilobdnen parkis siRrmeSi SeeyvanaT, gzidan moSorebiT. hqondaT gaupatiurebis mcdeloba. cemis Semdeg respodentma goneba dakarga, ris gamoc Tavdamsxmelebma miatoves. respodentma gamoiZaxa policia. ganyofilebaSi gadayvanis Semdeg, policielebi daukavSirdnen dazaralebulis biZas da uTxres, rom im adgilze, sadac incidenti moxda, `mxolod geebi dganan~, rom dazaralebuli `uRirsi adamiani iyo~ da gaamarTles Tavdamsxmelebi, radgan `verc erTi qarTveli ver aitanda amas~.15 Case # W24. policiis oficrebi Seuracxyofas ayeneben lb wyvils amonaridi interviudan: `me mqonda SemTxveva, rodesac vcxovrobdi megobar gogosTan erTad da nasvamebi viyaviT da saRamos mogvivida seriozuli konfliqti. mezoblebma darekes patrulSi patruli ro movida da Semovida saxlSi da dainaxes ra mdgomareobaSi varT... Tan is gogo zustad ise saeWvod gamoiyureboda, ro SeiZleba dageSva ro sxva orientaciis aris... patruli... moutrialda da uTxra mezoblebs, Zaan cinikurad da siciliT, ro saqme ojaxur konfliqtTan gvaqvs, romelSic jobia ar CaverioT da daiwyes gadalaparakebebi da sicili da masxrad agvigdes ra... Cven arc gvWirdeboda im situaciaSi patrulis Careva... ro movidnen da SemovipatiJeT, ro mobrZandiT da naxeT, rom yvelaferi kargadaa da cocxlebi varT, dagviwyes dacinva: ro ar CaverioT? kaci da qali romeli xarT? qmari romelia? kacs velaparakoT?~16 B. `siZulvilis ena~ danarTis nawili I.b. moiTxovs seqsualuri orientaciis an genderuli identobis gamo `siZulvilis enis~ gamoyenebasTan brZolisaTvis zomebis ganxorcielebas; es moicavs aseTi `siZulvilis enis~ amkrZalavi kanonebis SemuSavebas, masobrivi informaciis saSualebebis da internet provaiderebis mier pozitiuri praqtikebis gamoyenebis waxalisebas, samTavrobo moxeleebis mier aseTi enis gamoyenebis sajaro gakicxvas da saxelmZRvanelo principebis SemuSavebas Tanamdebobis pirTaTvis, raTa maT Tavi Seikavon aseTi enis gamoyenebisagan da mxari dauWiron lgbt pirebis adamianis uflebebis pativiscemis danergvas. mTlianobaSi, `Sesabamisobis dokumentaciis angariSSi~ 9 aseTi zoma aris
14 zewola gazeT `baTumelebze~. adamianis uflebadacviTi organizaciebis samxreT kavkasiis qselisa da Tbilisis adamianis uflebaTa saxlis erToblivi gancxadeba. bmuli: http://humanrightshouse.org/Articles/12654.html 15 lgbt adamianTa mdgomareoba saqarTveloSi. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufi~ (WISG). Tbilisi, 2012. kvlevis masalebi. Q.87. 16 saqarTveloSi lbt qalTa mdgomareobis amsaxveli Crdilovani angariSi CEDAW komitetisaTvis. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufi~ (WISG). Tbilisi, 2012. samuSao masalebi.

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gansazRvruli. saqarTveloSi problemad rCeba homofobiuri siZulvilis enis gamoyeneba, maT Soris parlamentis wevrebis da sxva sajaro pirebis mier, da gansakuTrebiT prevalirebs winasaarCevno kampaniebSi. lgbt pirebis mimarT arsebuli negatiuri damokidebulebis garda, aseTi prevalireba SeiZleba imiT iyos gamowveuli, rom arsebuli kanonebi da regulaciebi, Sesabamisi qcevis kodeqsebis CaTvliT, arasakmarisad cdiloben parlamentis wevrebis da sajaro pirebis mier siZulvilis enis gamoyenebis problemis mogvarebas. politikuri oponentis/oponentebis markireba homoseqsualad, dadanaSauleba homoseqsualobis propagandaSi am SemTxvevaSi gamoiyeneba erTi mxriv, rogorc gamaZlierebeli efeqti xelisuflebis warmomadgenelTagan `ucxos~ konstruirebis procesSi da meore mxriv, `ucxosagan~ momavali safrTxis generalizebisaTvis, romelic mTel qveyanas emuqreba.17 bolo periodamde, politikosTa homofobiur gancxadebebs mxolod uflebadamcvelebi akritikebdnen. magram, bolo dros oficialuri pirebi sul ufro xSirad akeTeben sajaro gancxadebebs homofobiuri siZulvilis enis dasagmobad; Tumca, es ufro xSirad maSin xdeba, roca aseT enas maTi politikuri oponentebi iyeneben. Sesabamisad, rTulia imis gageba, es oficialuri saxelmwifo politikis gamoxatulebaa, Tu politikuri manevri, romelic maTi politikuri oponentebis evropuli institutebis da saqarTveloSi arsebuli lgbt jgufis mimarT keTilganwyobili jgufebis TvalSi dasaknineblad gamoiyeneba. metic, miuxedavad imisa, rom siZulvilis ena Zalian farTod gamoiyeneba, mTavrobam ver miiRo adekvaturi zomebi masobrivi informaciis saSualebebSi aseTi enis aRmosafxvrelad: 1. mis mimarT susti monitoringi da disciplinaruli meqanizmebi xorcieldeba. 2. lgbt pirebis mimarT arsebuli stereotipebis _ siZulvilis enis masazrdoebeli da sazogadoebis TvalSi misi `legitimizaciis~ ZiriTadi mizezis gasaqarwyleblad cota ram keTdeba. lgbt pirebis mimarT siZulvilis ena gansakuTrebiT Seurcxmyofel formas internetSi iRebs; metic, igi xSirad diskriminaciis da lgbt pirebis mimarT Zaladobis gamoyenebis pirdapir mowodebebs Seicavs. socialur qselebSi homofobiuri siZulvilis enis gamoyenebis masStabebi SemaSfoTebelia. sul ufro xSirad iqmneba anti-lgbt anonimuri jgufebi, rogorebicaa `qarTvelebi homoseqsualobis (lgbt) winaaRmdeg18, `Seveci pederastebs19 da sxv., romlebic lgbt pirebis mimarT Zaladobis gamoyenebisaken pirdapir mouwodeben. aseTi qmedebebis Camden pirebs pasuxi ar moeTxovebaT.20 unda aRiniSnos, rom siZulvilis enis gamoyeneba zogierTi sxva kanonebiTac ikrZaleba. magaliTad, `saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsi~ awesebs garkveul SezRudvebs siZulvilis enis gamoyenebaze da sxvadasxva socialur jgufebs Soris SuRlis Camogdebaze: `saarCevno programa ar unda Seicavdes propagandas ... romelic mouwodebs moqalaqeTa Soris siZulvilis da SuRlis gaZlierebisaken, religiuri da eTnikuri konfrontaciisaken.21 saqarTvelos organuli kanoni `moqalaqeTa gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ awesebs blanketur akrZalvas iseTi partiis Seqmnaze da funqcionirebaze, romelic `axalisebs SuRls erovnebebs, Temebs, religiur
17 lgbt adamianTa mdgomareoba saqarTveloSi. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufi~ (WISG). Tbilisi, 2012. 18 https://www.facebook.com/anti.lgbt?sk=questions 19 https://www.facebook.com/ShevetsiPidarastebs 20 2012 wlis 10 ivniss, internetgamocema www.argumenti.ge -m gamoaqveyna statia saxelwodebiT: `dajgufeba romelic saqarTveloSi lgbt adamianebs cocxlad dawvas upirebs~. miTiTebuli statiiT gavrcelda informacia imis Sesaxeb, rom nacionalisturSavrazmuli dajgufebis wevrebma socialur qsel feizbuqze~ Seqmnes jgufi `pedarastebTan mebrZoli razmi~. amave jgufis administratori vinme ilia malazonia, romelsac Savrazmul formaSi gamowyobils sakuTari gverdze araerTi foto udevs. vinaidan gancxadebebi Seicavda saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsiT gaTvaliswinebuli danaSaulebrivi qmedebebis niSnebs, aRniSnulTan dakavSirebiT organizacia `identobam~ 16.07.2012-Si weriliT mimarTa saqarTvelos mTavar prokurors murTaz zodelavas saqmis aRZvris moTxovniT. Tumca, organizaciis warmomadgenelT TqmiT, saCivars reagireba ar mohyolia. 21 saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsi. muxli 45. paragr. 3

16

an socialur jgufebs Soris.22 2012 saqarTveloSi ZalaSi Sevida konvencia kiber-danaSaulis Sesaxeb. Cases #W4, W2a, W2b. qarTveli politikosebi evropis saparlamento asambleis rezoluciis 1728(2010) Sesaxeb qristian demokratiuli moZraoba: `viTvaliswinebT ra saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli samociqulo, avtokefaluri eklesiis locva-kurTxevas, movuwodebT saqarTvelos delegaciis sxva warmomadgenlebsac, raTa mxedvelobaSi miiRon da gaiTvaliswinon marTlmadidebeli eklesiis mowodeba da mxari ar dauWiron aRniSnul kanonproeqts, radgan dokumenti Tavisi SinaarsiTa da suliskveTebiT winaaRmdegobaSi modis Cveni qveynis erovnul faseulobebTan da sulier RirebulebebTan da is sakuTar TavSi gulisxmobs safrTxes eris demografiuli ganviTarebisa da zneobrivi mdgradobisaTvis. saqarTvelosTvis, rogorc uZvelesi qristianuli tradiciebisa da istoriis mqone qveynisaTvis, romelic nawilia evropuli civilizaciisa, miuRebelia kanonproeqtSi mocemuli sakiTxebis dakanonebeba, rac, Tavis mxriv, SeuTavsebelia Cveni moqalaqeebis mniSvnelovani nawilis religiur da tradiciul SexedulebebTan~.23 petre ciskariSvili (yofili saparlamento umravlesobis yofili lideri): `Cven viziarebT sapatriarqos pozicias... rezoluciis proeqts mxolod im SemTxvevaSi davuWerT mxars, Tu masSi is cvlilebebi Seva, romlebsac Cven viTxovT da xsenebul punqtebs amoiReben. Tuki rezoluciis proeqtSi seqsualuri umciresobebisTvis bavSvis ayvanisa da ojaxis Seqmnis ufleba iqneba aRniSnuli, Cven xmas ar mivcemT. Cven ar gvsurs, saqarTvelos imis rekomendacia gauwion, rom mamaTmavloba waxalisdes, iseve, rogorc ar surs es Zalian bevr evropul qristianul qveyanas... ... ra Tqma unda, Cven mxars vuWerT imas, rom es qristianul principebze ar aris damyarebuli da demokratiasTan aranairi saerTo ar aqvs. am adamianebs (seqsualur umciresobebs) aravin ar uSlis, akeTon is, risi keTebac surT, magram Tu erTad yofna undaT, am erTobas ojaxi ar unda daerqvas~.24 giorgi gabaSvili (saqarTvelos parlamentis ganaTlebis, mecnierebis da kulturis komitetis yofili Tavmjdomare): ~umciresobebis uflebebi unda iyos daculi, magram es ar niSnavs imas, rom umravlesobis tradiciebi, warmodgenebi iyos absoluturad ugulebelyofili. arc erTi jgufis interesebis Tavsmoxveva erTmaneTze swori ar aris, rasac iTvaliswinebs es iniciativa~25. Case # W5. siZulvilis ena lgbt adamianebis winaaRmdeg cnobili politikosebis mxridan sazogadoebrivi mauwyeblis pirvel arxze, eka xoferias Toq-SouSi `auditoria~ cnobilma politikosma zviad ZiZigurma ganacxada: `meZavebi, mkvlelebi, homoseqsualebi, Tu gindaT heteroseqsualebi, romlebsac aqvT maniakaluri da aranormaluri gamoxdomebi, bavSvebTan ar unda mivuSvaT. dimitri lorTqifaniZem (saqarTvelos parlamentis adamianis uflebaTa dacvisa da samoqalaqo integraciis komitetis yofili Tavmjdomare) da zviad ZiZigurma seqsualuri umciresobebi araerTxel Seadares zoofilebs, nekrofilebs, pedofilebs, gerontofilebs, recidivistebs da maT avadmyofebi uwodes. dimitri lorTqifaniZem sakuTari damokidebulebis sailustraciod amerikeli mkvlevaris, pol kemeronis citata gaixsena: `homoseqsualebi arian

22 saqarTvelos organuli kanoni moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb. muxli 5. paragr. 2. 23 evrosabWo religiuri dogmebis winaaRmdeg. d. gamisonia. gazeTi 24 saaTi. 25.01.10. http://24saati.ge/index.php/category/ news/2010-01-25/2943 24 iqve. 25 seqsualuri umciresobebis Sesaxeb rezolucias xmauri mohyva. e. qevaniSvili. radio Tavisufleba. 26.01.10. http://www. radiotavisupleba.ge/content/article/1940174.html

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saxifaToni imitom, rom maTi erT-erTi strategia aris CaTreva homoseqsualobaSi. isini arian ZirgamomTxrelebi da xdian adamianebs moRalated ojaxis, saxelmwifosi da RmerTis. me piradad guliT da suliT viziareb am Tezas,~ _ ganacxada parlamentis wevrma~.26 Case #G8. homofobiuri gancxadebebi eleqtronul mediaSi `saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociaciam~ (saia), romelic arCevnebis monitorings awarmoebda, saCivari Seitana partia `Tavisuflebis~ maJoritari kandidatis lado sadRobelaSvilis winaaRmdeg. 2010 wlis maisSi man feisbuqis gverdze gaakeTa iseTi gancxadebebi, rogoricaa: `saqarTvelo seqsualuri umciresobebis gareSe~ da `saqarTveloSi aqtiuri homoseqsualebis dReebi daTvlilia~. saia acxadebs, rom sadRobelaSvilma daarRvia saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsis 75-e muxlis me-2 punqti, sadac aRniSnulia, rom: `saarCevno programa ar unda Seicavdes omisa da Zaladobis propagandas, arsebuli saxelmwifo da sazogadoebrivi wyobilebis ZaladobiT Secvlis an damxobis, saqarTvelos teritoriuli mTlianobis darRvevis, erovnuli SuRlisa da mtrobis, religiuri da eTnikuri dapirispirebis mowodebas~. `saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia~ Tvlis, rom kandidatis Setyobinebebi feisbuqze Seicavdnen Zaladobisa da siZulvilis propagandas, rasac Sedegad unda mohyoloda kandidatis moxsna registraciidan. sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebis miRebamde sadRobelaSvilma Jurnalistebs ganucxada : `mniSvneloba ar aqvs rogori iqneba sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba, CemTvis yvelaze mniSvnelovania marTlmadidebluri Rirebulebebis dacva~. 2010 wlis 25 maiss Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlom ar daakmayofila saia-s moTxovna kandidatis registraciidan moxsnis Sesaxeb. sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis mixedviT (saqme No3/2069-10, maisi 25, 2010 ) ar iyo saTanadod damajerebeli imis mtkiceba, rom kandidati gancxadebebiT _ `qarTveli kacis mentalobaSi ar zis geiparadebi~ da `geebis sisxli unda daiRvaros!~ _ Zaladobis inspirirebas axdenda amomrCevelTa Soris. aseve ar iyo saTanadod damajerebeli imis mtkiceba, rom frazebi (`qarTveli kacis mentalobaSi ar zis geiparadebi~ da `geebis sisxli unda daiRvaros!~) sadRobelaSvilma Tavad gaavrcela. rac Seexeba sxva gancxadebebs (`yvela gei daisjeba... pirobas viZlevi~), sadRobelaSvili amtkicebs, rom is RvTis sasjels gulisxmobda. am SemTxvevaSi sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom gancxadeba daculi sityvis farglebSi xvdeba. sarCelis wardgenis Semdeg, partia `Tavisuflebis~ warmomadgenelma sandro bregaZem gazeTSi `axali Taoba~ `saia~ daadanaSaula uzarmazari grantis miRebaSi lgbt adamianebis uflebebis dasacavad.27 Case #W9. siZulvilis ena winasaarCevno kampaniis dros 2012 wlis agvistos pirvel naxevarSi socialuri qselebis meSveobiT gavrcelda politikuri partiis `Tavisufali saqarTvelo~ winasaarCevno reklama.28 reklamaSi mocemulia aRniSnuli partiis saarCevno programa, romlis ganxorcielebasac is apirebs xelisuflebaSi mosvlis SemTxvevaSi. reklamaSi sxva danarCen sakiTxebTan erTad dasaxelebuli iyo Semdegi: `movaxdenT ucxoelebis mier mitacebuli tyeebis da saZovrebis nacionalizacias. miwas davubrunebT qarTvel glexs.
26 diskriminaciuli gamonaTqvamebi pirvel arxis eTerSi. m.mecxvariSvili. netgazeTi. 12.14.10. http://netgazeti.ge/GE/38/ News/3710/ 27 kvleva homofobiis, transfobiis da seqsualuri orientaciis da genderuli identobis safuZvelze diskriminaciis Sesaxeb. samarTlebrivi analizi: saqarTvelo. damoukidebeli mkvlevari ana nacvliSvili. COWI. 2010. bmuli: http://www. coe.int/t/commissioner/source/lgbt/georgialegal_e.pdf 28 See: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L9HZIjogcIc

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inglisur warwerebs da Turqul droSebs qarTuliT SevcvliT. SevaCerebT azizies kompleqsis mSeneblobas baTumSi. avkrZalavT homoseqsualizmis da seqtebis zRvargadasul propagandas. aRniSnuli sakiTxebis CamonaTvalTan erTad mniSvnelovania is kadrebic, rac reklamaSia gamoyenebuli. magaliTad, ucxoelebis negatiur konteqstSi xsenebisas reklamaSi Canan Cineli muSebi, xolo `homoseqsualizmis da seqtebis zRvargadasuli propagandis~ akrZalvaze saubrisas Cans lgbt (lesbi, gei, bi, transseqsuali) pirTa mier ama wlis 17 maiss gamarTuli manifestaciis kadrebi. NOTE: 2012 wlis 3 seqtembers, 6 uflebadacviTma organizaciam Sesabamisi gancxadebiT mimarTa saqarTvelos centraluri saarCevno komisiis Tavmjdomares da mosTxova kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli reagireba aRniSnulTan dakavSirebiT. komisiam daakmayofila sarCeli da daadgina, rom: `saqarTvelos organuli kanonis `saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsi~ 45-e muxlis me-3 nawilis darRvevisTvis politikuri gaerTianeba `Tavisufali saqarTvelos~ mimarT gamoyenebul unda iqnes amave kanonis 79-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli jarimis RonisZieba, amave kanonis 93-e muxlis pirveli punqtis Tanaxmad unda Sedges samarTaldarRvevis oqmi, romelic `saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis~ 241e muxlisa da ceskos 2012 wlis #8 dadgenilebiT `saarCevno administraciaSi gancxadeba/ saCivris Setanisa da ganxilvis instruqciis damtkicebis Sesaxeb~ damtkicebuli instruqciis me-7 muxlis me-4 punqtis Tanaxmad gadaegzavnos dauyovnebliv Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlos Sesabamisi reagirebisTvis.~29 Case #P15. media eTikis sabWo: Jurnalistma ver daicva profesiul-eTikuri valdebuleba seqsualuri orientaciis safuZvelze diskriminaciis dauSveblobasTan dakavSirebiT 2010 wlis martSi fondma `inkluzivma~ saCivriT mimarTa media eTikis sabWos malxaz gulaSvilis mier gakeTebuli homofobiuri gancxadebis (telekompania `kavkasia~, gadacema `barieri~. 9 marti, 2010) da Jurnalistis (aleqsandre elisaSvili) Taobaze, romelmac gadacemaSi am gancxadebaze adekvaturi reagireba ar moaxdina. me ar vfiqrob, rom am gadacemaSi homofobiuri gancxadebebi gakeTda, malxaz gulaSvils, iseve, rogorc nebismier adamians, aqvs ufleba hqondes ama Tu im sakiTxze esa Tu is Sexeduleba da gamoTqvas Tavisi azri, Tanac, pasuxis gacemis saSualeba miveci gadacemis sxva stumrebs, romlebmac gulaSvils naTqvami Seuswores~, _ ambobda sabWos sxdomaze aleqsandre elisaSvili. Tavad aleqsandre elisaSvilma sxdomis dasrulebis Semdeg, Media.Ge-s ganucxada, rom is pativs scems sabWos gadawyvetilebas: `momaval gadacemebSi aucileblad gaviTvaliswineb am gadawyvetilebas da ufro didi sifrTxiliT movekidebi umciresobebis Temebs. Cems resapodentebsac meti sifrTxilisken mouwodeb, raTa Cems gadacemebSi siZulvilis ena aRar dafiqsirdes~, _ Tqva aleqsandre elisaSvilma.30 qartiis sabWos gadawyvetilebis mixedviT, aleqsandre elisaSvilma daarRvia saqarTvelos Jurnalisturi qartiis meSvide principi. romelSic naTqvamia, rom: `Jurnalists unda esmodes mediis mier diskriminaciis waxalisebis safrTxe; amitom yvelaferi unda iRonos nebismieri piris diskriminaciis Tavidan asacileblad rasis, sqesis, seqsualuri orientaciis, enis, religiis, politikuri da sxva Sexedulebebis, erovnuli an socialuri warmoSobis safuZvelze an raime sxva niSniT~.
29 angariSi centralur saarCevno komisiaSi Semosuli gancxadeba/saCivrebis da mediis saSualebebSi gavrcelebul informaciaze reagirebis Sesaxeb (2012 wlis 1 agvisto _ 02 oqtombris mdgomareobiT). gv.159-161. bmuli: http://cesko.ge/ files/2012/Report_on_Complaints_01_08_2012_-_02_10_2012_GEO.pdf 30 eTikis sabWom daadgina, rom aleqsandre elisaSvilma profesiuli standarti daarRvia~. l. beriZe. portali media. ge. 06.05.2010. bmuli: http://www.media.ge/node/37229

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II. gaerTianebis Tavisufleba

danarTis II nawili moiTxovs wevri saxelmwifoebisgan saTanado zomebis miRebas, raTa uzrunvelyon, rom lgbt organizaciebs SeeZloT oficialurad daregistrireba, saTandod iyvnen CarTulebi partniorebis statusiT iseTi sajaro politikebis SemuSavebasa da ganxorcielebaSi, romelTac lgbt pirebze zegavlenis moxdena SeuZliaT da diskriminaciis gareSe SeeZloT arasamTavrobo organizaciebisTvis gamoyofili sajaro dafinansebis miReba; agreTve, rom lgbt adamianis uflebebis damcveli organizaciebi efeqturad iyvnen daculi mtruli ganwyobebisagan da agresiisagan. saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba Riad ar axdens lgbt organizaciebis diskriminacias, yovel SemTxvevaSi maT registraciasTan da funqcionirebasTan dakavSirebiT. saqarTvelos konstitucia Seicavs amomwurav CamonaTvals im mizezebisa, romelTa safuZvelzec organizacias SeiZleba uari eTqvas registraciaze; am debulebaSi araferi miuTiTebs imaze, rom lgbt organizacia SeiZleba moxvdes akrZalul organizaciaTa kategoriaSi mxolod imis gamo, rom igi lgbt pirebis uflebebs icavs da mxars uWers. Tumca, `saqarTvelos samoqalaqo kodeqsSi~, romelic registraciis teqnikur detalebs gansazRvravs, naTqvamia, rom organizacias SeiZleba uari eTqvas registraciaze, Tuki misi miznebi `sazogadoebriv morals~ ewinaaRmdegeba. am ukanasknel cnebas kanoni ar gansazRvravs. rogorc daqvemdebarebul kanonmdeblobas, `samoqalaqo kodeqss~ ar SeuZlia konstituciis moTxovnebis gauqmeba da lgbt organizaciis registraciis Seferxeba im SemTxvevaSic ki, Tuki vinme lgbt pirebis dacvas `sazogadoebrivi moralis~ sawinaaRmdegod CaTvlis. miuxedavad amisa, am debulebis arseboba kiTxvebs aCens da aucilebelia misi formulirebis Secvla. saqarTveloSi ar arsebobs lgbt organizaciisTvis registraciaze misi miznebis an raime gaurkveveli motivaciis gamo uaris Tqmis precedenti. mTavrobam arasamTavrobo organizaciebis fondi mxolod ramodenime wlis win Seqmna. Tumca, lgbt organizaciebs jer ar miumarTavT am fondisTvis dafinansebis misaRebad, rogorc Cans, aseTi mimarTvis SemTxvevaSi maT diskriminaciuli mizezebis gamo uars ar etyvian. saxelmwifo organoebi iSviaTad iwyeben dialogs lgbt organizaciebTan dagegmili sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebis ganxilvis an maTi beneficiarebis problemebis politikuri qmedebebis meSveobiT gadaWris mizniT. Case #W20. sityvieri Tavdasxma da muqara fondis `qalTa fondi saqarTveloSi~ winaaRmdeg 2009 wlis 29 noembers qalTa fondma saqarTveloSi gamoacxada sagranto konkursi lbt jgufis mimarT homofobiisa da diskriminaciis dasaZlevad, ris gamoc fondi da misi TanamSromlebi Tavad gaxdnen homofobiis msxverplni. amonaridi interviudan: `am sagranto konkursis gamo mediaSi daaxloebiT aTamde homo fobiuri da seqsisturi statia daiwera: `alia~, `asaval-dasavali~... forum.ge-ze gaixsna Temebi, sadac sagranto ganacxadTan erTad dakopirebuli hqondaT Cveni TanamSromlebis, direqtorTa sabWos, mrCevelTa sabWos siebi da yvela vyavdiT galanZRuli... amaze gvindoda policiis Careva, magram konsultacia rom gaviareT iuristTan, gviTxres, rom, presis Tavisufleba da gamoxatvis Tavisufleba imdenad Ria cnebaa am Cvens kanonmdeblobaSi da imdenad Ria definicia aqvs, rom SeuZlebelia amisgan pasuxi vinmes mosTxovo, miTumetes, rom ar gvaqvs siZulvilis enis Sesaxeb kanoni~,- ambobs qalTa fondis direqtori.31

31 saqarTveloSi lbt qalTa mdgomareobis amsaxveli Crdilovani angariSi CEDAW komitetisaTvis. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufi~ (WISG). Tbilisi, 2012. samuSao masalebi. qalTa fondi saqarTveloSi. interviu mariam gagoSaSvilTan. 25.10.2011

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III. gamoxatvisa da mSvidobiani Sekrebis Tavisufleba

TviTgamoxatvis Tavisufleba saqarTvelos konstituciiT aris garantirebuli. saxelmwifo arc axalisebs da arc krZalavs seqsualuri orientaciis an genderuli identobis Sesaxeb informaciis da ideebis miRebas an gadacemas; arsebobs lgbt sakiTxebisadmi miZRvnili ramodenime veb-saiti da blogi: lesbi.org.ge; minority.ge; identoba.org, gay.ge; gay-batumi.com da a.S. lgbt organizaciebi Tavisuflad aqveyneben da avrceleben lgbt sakiTxebTan dakavSirebul sxvadasxva masalebs. TavianT sajaro gamosvlebSi samTavrobo moxeleebi xSirad usvamdnen xazs tolerantobas da mis mniSvnelovnebas eTnikur da religiur jgufebTan mimarTebaSi. Tumca, isini dumils arCeven, rodesac saqme seqsualuri umciresobebis problemebis mTel speqtrs exeba.32 miuxedavad amisa, 2012 wels am mimarTulebiT garkveuli pozitiuri cvlilebebi SeimCnevoda. Tumca, `mSvidobiani Sekrebebis Sesaxeb~ kanonSi 2009 da 2010 wels Setanili cvlilebebi ar aris diskriminaciuli konkretulad lgbt pirebis mimarT, isini fundamentur Tavisuflebebs araproporciulad zRudaven. am kanonis Secvla saswrafod aris aucilebeli. zogadad, adamianis uflebadamcvelebisaTvis saqarTveloSi usafrTxo da megobruli garemo araa. kerZod, lgbt aqtivistebi mesame mxareTagan Zaladobis gamovlinebis erT-erT savaraudo risk jgufs miekuTvnebian. Tumca, lgbt aqtivistebi ar ganicdian raime konkretul SezRudvebs an gansakuTrebiT xilul represiebs saxelmwifo organoebis mxridan. Case #W10. msvleloba savaraudo gei aRlumis winaaRmdeg baTumSi 2010 wlis agvistos TveSi, baTumSi religiuri liderebis TaosnobiT sajaro msvleloba moewyo viTomda dagegmili gei aRlumis winaaRmdeg. religiurma liderebma sajaro locvac aRavlines codvilTa (lgbt adamianTa) sulebisTvis.33 msvlelobis kulminacia iyo sajaro locva baTumis erT-erTi sastumros pirdapir, sadac is ucxoelebi iyvnen gaCerebulni, romlebic TiTqos aRlumSi monawileobas apirebdnen.34 aqciis wevrebi baTumis meriis SenobasTan mividnen, radgan fiqrobdnen, rom meriam gasca gei aRlumis Catarebis nebarTva. meriis warmomadgeneli cdilobda daerwmunebina isini informaciis mcdarobaSi, metic, uxsnida, rom `maT mxares~ iyo da arasodes gaamarTlebda gei aRlumis Catarebas.35 Case #I12A. IDAHO -s msvleloba 2012 wlis 17 maiss homofobiisa da transfobiis winaaRmdeg brZolis saerTaSoriso dResTan dakavSirebiT, organizacia `identobam~ gadawyvita TbilisSi mSvidobiani msvlelobis organizeba, ris Sesaxebac werilobiT Seatyobina qalaqis merias da Zveli Tbilisis policiis ganyofilebas. policiis oficeri, romelic pasuxismgebeli iyo aqciebis usafrTxoebaze, organizatorebs aqciis Catarebamde ori dRiT adre daukavSirda da ganucxada, rom aqciis monawileTa usafrTxoeba uzrunvelyofili iqneboda samarTaldamcavebis mxridan da policia daakavebda nebismiers, vinc xels SeuSlida msvlelobas, mSvidobiani msvlelobis monawileTa mimarT sityvieri Seuracxyofis SemTxvevaSic ki. 13:00 sT-ze arasamTavrobo organizacia `identobis~ wevrebi da msvlelobis sxva organiza32 e. aRdgomelaSvili. seqsualuri orientaciis/genderuli identobis reprezentacia mediaSi (2011 wlis maisis mdgomareobiT). mediis ganviTarebis fondi (MDF). http://www.mdfgeorgia.ge/index.php?&address=&menuid=16&id=54&lang=1 33 marTlmadidebeli mrevlis aqcia baTumSi~, n. cecxlaZe. netgazeTi. 2010.25.08. xelmisawvdomia: http://netgazeti.ge/ GE/22/News/2281/ 34 locva gei aRlumis winaaRmdeg. bmuli: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pFYWNJAxGWM&feature=player_embedded 35 marTlmadidebeli mrevlis aqcia baTumSi~, n. cecxlaZe. netgazeTi. 2010.25.08. xelmisawvdomia : http://netgazeti.ge/ GE/22/News/2281/

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torebi miuaxlovdnen filarmoniis Senobas saidanac igegmeboda msvlelobis dawyeba Tavisuflebis moednamde. am droisTvis samarTaldamcavebic Seikribnen filarmoniis mimdebare teritoriaze. miuxedavad agresiuli da Seuracxmyofeli SeZaxilebisa gamvlelebis mxridan demonstrantebis misamarTiT msvleloba mainc dabrkolebis gareSe daiwyo. msvlelobis dawyebisTanave marTlmadidebel mSobelTa kavSiris warmomadgenlebi gamoCndnen da demonstrantebs mouwodebdnen aqciis Sewyvetisken. cxadi iyo, rom isini sagangebod iyvnen mobilizebulni da Tavidan sityvieri SeuracxyofiT cdilobdnen msvlelobis CaSlas. roca aqcia mecnierebaTa akademias miuaxlovda (rusTavelis gamzirze) maT cocxali jaWvi gaakeTes da gza gadauRobes lgbt aqtivistebs. aqciis CaSlis mcdeloba maTi mxridan, samarTaldamcavebisTvisac cxadi unda yofiliyo, Tumca, identobis warmomadgenlebis mravali Txovnis miuxedavad samarTaldamcavebma Carevisgan Tavi Seikaves. maTi TandaswrebiT religiuri eqstremistebi arRvevdnen aqciis monawileTa Sekrebis Tavisuflebis uflebas _ daamtvries transparantebi, daxies lgbt droSebi, sityvieri Seuracxyofa miayenes aqtivistebs da daemuqrnen, rom fizikurad gauswordebodnen maT. policia Caeria mxolod mas Semdeg, rac lgbt aqciis mowinaaRmdegeebi ramdenime aqtivists fizikurad Seexnen36. policiis sapasuxo reaqcia dagvianebuli iyo. media saSualebebis mier gavrcelebuli informaciis Tanaxmad, ramodenime dRis Semdeg zogierTi Tavdamsxmeli daakaves da sasamarTlom maT administraciuli sasjeli daakisra. organizacia `identobis~ warmomadgenlebi Tvlian, rom `samarTaldamcavebma ar Seasrules maTi valdebuleba, vinaidan, moqmedi kanonmdeblobiT sisxlis samarTlis pasuxisgebaSi unda miecaT damnaSaveebi maSin, roca mxolod administraciuli sasjeli daakisres. 2012 wlis 27 ivniss, organizacia `identobam~ gancxadebiT mimarTa saqarTvelos generalur prokurors gamoZiebis dawyebis moTxovniT. werilSi miTiTebuli iyo, rom sisxlis samarTlis saqmis inicirebis SemTxvevaSi, daculi yofiliyo 2012 wlis 27 marts saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsSi miRebuli Sesworeba seqsualur orientaciasa da genderul identobaze dafuZnebuli danaSaulis Taobaze. organizacias ar miuRia pasuxi gancxadebaze.

IV. piradi da ojaxuri pativiscemis ufleba (transgenderTa sakiTxebis gamoklebiT)

danarTis IV nawilis es paragrafebi erTsqesiani seqsualuri aqtebis kriminalizaciis, piradi monacemebis Segrovebis da wyvilebis da Svilebis uflebebis xelmisawvdomobis TvalsazrisiT diskriminaciis sakiTxebs ganixilaven. homoseqsualuri qcevis dekriminalizacia saqarTveloSi 2000 wels moxda. cota xnis win parlamentSi rekriminalizaciis moTxovnam gaiJRera; Tumca, am moTxovnas umalve mohyva uaryofiTi reaqcia da sajaro dagmoba sxva deputatebis mxridan. piradi informacia, seqsualuri orientaciis da genderuli identobis Sesaxeb informaciis CaTvliT, konstituciiTaa daculi. Tumca, 2011 wlis dekemberSi miRebuli axali kanoni `piradi monacemebis dacvis Sesaxeb~ gangaSi safuZvels iZleva. kanoni awesebs monacemTa inspeqtoris Tanamdebobas da avaldebulebs damsaqmeblebs (rogorc sajaro, aseve kerZo) Seagrovon piradi monacemebi, maT Soris informacia seqsualuri orientaciis Sesaxeb, TavianTi TanamSromlebis Sesaxeb da gaugzavnon isini monacemTa inspeqtors. metic, kanoni aZlevda inspeqtors uflebas daemuSavebina, gaeanalizebina, Seenexa da gaevrcelebina aseTi informacia im piris winaswari Tanxmobis gareSe, visac es exeboda, Tuki aseTi qmedebebi `sajaro interesebiT~ iyo gamowveuli. amasTan, kanoni ar moicavda `sajaro in36 Fighting at gay rights march in Tbilisi Georgia. 17 May 2012. BBC News. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-18109022, Georgia gay-pride march ends in fist fight. 17 May 2012. Euronews. http://www.euronews.com/2012/05/17/georgia-gay-pride-march-ends-in-fist-fight/; A Backlash in Georgia. By Haley Sweetland Edwards. June 14. 2012. New York Times. http://latitude.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/06/14/progress-bygeorgias-gays-spurs-a-backlash/ etc.

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teresis~ ganmartebas da arc raime damcav meqanizms qmnida saxelmwifosaTvis miniWebuli aseTi farTo uflebamosilebebis borotad gamoyenebis Tavidan asacileblad. JurnalistTa da uflebadamcvelTa SekiTxvas, Tu ras gulisxmobda `sajaro interesi~, parlamentis deputatma, adamianis uflebaTa dacvis saparlamento komitetis (yofilma) Tavmjdomarem, laSa Tordiam aseTi pasuxi gasca: `sabavSvo baRs an nebismier samedicino centrs unda gaaCndes piris Sesaxeb informacia, xom ar aris igi SidsiT daavadebuli, xolo sabavSvo baRs unda gaaCndes informacia piris seqsualuri orientaciis Sesaxeb~.37 Tumca, kanoni jer ZalaSi ar Sesula da aucilebelia misi saswrafod gamowveva, raTa uzrunvelyofili iqnas, rom igi (1) emsaxurebodes legitimur miznebs demokratiul sazogadoebaSi da (2) ar uqmnides safrTxes fundamenturi uflebebis da Tavisuflebebis dacvas. saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba ar cnobs erTi sqesis pirebs Soris qorwinebas an raime saxis samoqalaqo partniorobas, Sesabamisad homoseqsual wyvilebs saqarTveloSi ar gaaCniaT iseTive uflebebi, rogoric heteroseqsual wyvilebs. Case #W3. parlamentis adamianis uflebaTa komitetis (yofili) wevri iTxovs homoseqsualobis kriminalizacias dimitri lorTqifaniZem (saqarTvelos parlamentis adamianis uflebaTa dacvisa da samoqalaqo integraciis komitetis yofili Tavmjdomare), romelic saparlamento umciresobam 2009 wels saxalxo damcvelis postze waradgina, 30 ivliss arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan Sexvedrisas ganacxada, rom, misi azriT, aucilebelia homoseqsualobis kriminalizacia saqarTveloSi: `vfiqrob, uxerxulobas ar unda iwvevdes gavce pasuxi, rasac vfiqrob. me vfiqrob, rom mamaTmavloba unda iyos dasjadi qmedeba am qveyanaSi, imitom, rom is Cveni rjulis kanoniT isjeba da Tan isjeba Zalian mZimed... me vfiqrob ,rom mamaTmavlobis winaaRmdeg brZolis erTerTi saukeTeso saSualeba iqneba Tu sisxlis samarTlis wesiT es qmedeba iqneba dasjadi.38 Case #W7A. qristian-demokratiuli moZraobis iniciativa sakonstitucio cvlilebis Sesaxeb erTsqesiani qorwinebis akrZalvasTan dakavSirebiT 2012 wlis 22 maiss, giorgi TargamaZem (yofili parlamentari, qristian-demokratiuli moZraobis lideri) parlaments sakonstitucio cvlilebebis iniciativiT mimarTa39, romelTagan erTerTi erTsqesiani qorwinebis akrZalvas exeboda (saqarTvelos amJamindeli kanonmdeblobiT erTsqesiani qorwineba araa daSvebuli, Tumca, konstitucia calsaxad ar krZalavs mas). parlamentari Tavis gamosvlaSi 17 maiss IDAHOsadmi miZRvnili msvlelobis dros momxdar incidentsac Seexo: `batonebo da qalbatonebo, mas Semdeg, rac misi uwmindesobis mier epistoleSi gamoTqmuli garfTxileba sodomiseuli codvis popularizebasTan dakavSirebiT Zalian mware realobad iqca da ara mxolod popularizeba, aramed gei aRlumi vixileT Tbilisis quCebSi, me valdebulad vTvli gamovxato qristian-demoratuli moZraobis pozicia da metic, sazogadoebas, parlaments da mTlianad mTels Cvens qveyanas SevTavazoT konstituciuri cvlilebebis axali paketi, romelic moicavs 5 mniSvnelovan cvlilebas moqmed konstituciaSi. Tavidanve minda vTqva, rom Cven vgmobT Zaladobis yovelgvar gamovlinebas, visganac ar unda momdinareobdes es. Tumca, amave dros, winaaRmdegi varT momxdari faqti warmoaCinoT rogorc seqsualuri umciresobebis warmomadgenelTa Tu maT mxardamWerTa mier ubralo, uwyinar, mSvid gaseirnebas. Cven migvaCnia rom aseTi tipis seirnobebi ra Tqma unda ar aris saboloo mizani msgavsi aqtivobisa. es aris Sors gamiznuli da mniSvnelovani movlenis dasawyisi, romlis
37 araferi piraduli _ kanonproeqti, romelic amas icavs da sajaros xdis~. m.mecxvariSvili. netgazeTi. 10.01.2010. ix: http://netgazeti.ge/GE/27/News/2534/?sms_ss=facebook&at_xt=4ca88497a59d6ab6%2C0. 38 ombudsmenobis kandidati: homoseqsualizmi `unda daisajos~. Civil Georgia, 31.07.2009. bmuli: http://www.civil.ge/geo/ article.php?id=21585 39 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e1zRaTVgxfc

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saboloo Sedegic unda iyos saqarTveloSi homoseqsualizmis, mamaTmavlobis, gaxrwnilebis, garyvnilebis, gaukuRmarTebuli cxovrebis wesis moraluri da samarTlebrivi legalizacia. imisaTvis, rom amis dasturi ar gagviWirdes, SegviZlia gavixsenoT magaliTebi, romelTac adgili aqvT mTel rig qveynebSi, sadac, miuxedavad imisa rom seqsualuri umciresobebis warmomadgenlebs adamianis uflebaTa dacvis kuTxiT, maTi Cagvris kuTxiT didi xania aranairi problemebi ar aqvs da am TvalsazrisiT arc saqarTveloSi ganicdian isini raime saxis sisxlis samarTlebriv devnas. miuxedavad amisa, mTel rig evropul saxelmwifoebSi es jgufebi amiT sruliad ar dakmayofildnen da piriqiT dRes Tqven naxavT mTel rig saxelmwifoebSi maRal politikur saxelmwifo Tanamdebobebze homoseqsualistebs, naxavT iseTi tipis gadawyvetilebebs romlis Sedegadac erTsqesiani qorwinebebi ukve konstituciur garantias warmoadgens, romlis Sedegadac SesaZlebeli aris Svilebis ayvana, romlis Sedegadac SesaZlebeli aris surogati.. surogatobis gziT Svilebis ayvanas aseve SesaZlebeli xdeba da ase Semdeg da ase Semdeg... ...amitom Cven sazogadoebas vTavazobT sakonstituciuri cvlilebebis pakets, romelSic 5 cvlileba aris mocemuli, Cven viwyebT mTeli saqarTvelos masStabiT xelmowerebis Segrovebas.40 mmarTveli partiis warmomadgenlebma parlamentSi41, iseve, rogorc saxalxo damcvelma42 da sxva uflebadacviTma organizaciebma43 mkacrad gaakritikes giorgi TargamaZis gamosvla da SeTavazebuli sakonstitucio cvlilebebi.

IVa. kerZo da saojaxo cxovrebis pativiscemis da jandacvis xelmisawvdomobis ufleba (konkretulad transgenderebis Sesaxeb)
(paragrafebi 20 -22 da 35 -36) danarTis IV nawilis es paragrafebi wevri saxelmwifoebisagan moiTxoven uzrunvelyon piris mier sqesis kvlavminiWebis sruli samarTlebrivi aRiareba swrafad, gamWvirvaled da xelmisawvdomi gziT, gaauqmon nebismieri winaswari moTxovnebi aseTi aRiarebis mimarT (nebismieri fizikuri xasiaTis
40 4-22 ivniss, kavkasiis resurs centrma (CRRC), qveynis masStabiT Caatara gamokiTxva aSSs arakomerciuli kvleviTi erovnul demokratiuli institutTan (NDI) erTad. Catarda 6229 interviu. NDI-is mier Catarebul gamokiTxvaSi CarTuli iyo kiTxvac qristian-demokratebis mier wardgenili sakonstitucio cvlilebebTan dakavSirebiT. SekiTxvaze, dauWerdnen Tu ara mxars cvlilebas, romelic konstituciurad krZalavs erTsqesian qorwinebas, 89% pasuxobs `diax~, 6% _ `ara~, xolo 4%-ma `ar icis~. (q104). sazogadoebis ganwyobebi saqarTveloSi: 2012 wlis ivnisis kvlevis Sedegebi. CRRC/NDI http://www.ndi.org/files/Georgia-NDI-survey-update-June2012-ENG.pdf 41 laSa Tordia: `Zalian samwuxaroa, rom eseTi maRali tribunidan, rogoric aris parlmaneti, parlamentis wevrebi akeTeben iseT gancxadebas, romelic realurad aRvivebs SuRls sazogadoebis calkeul wevrebs Soris... ...konstituciis Tanaxmad, yvela adamiani Tanasworia da religiuri mrwamsis gamo an seqsualuri umciresobebis mimarT adamianebis mimarT diskriminaciuli midgoma, akrZalulia~. `saparlamento umravlesoba: adamianebis mimarT diskriminaciuli midgoma akrZalulia~. 22.05.2012. eqspresniusi. http://www.epn.ge/?p=109923 ; pavle kublaSvili: `me vfiqrob, rom is gamosvla, rac baton TargamaZesa da laliaSvils hqondaT, Tavidan bolomde homofoburi gancxadebebia. es iyo diskriminaciis muxtiT ganmsWvaluli gancxadebebi. aqedan gamomdinare, xazi minda gavusva, rom Cvens qveynaSi aris Tavisufali sazogadoeba, sadac kanoni aris pirveli garanti imis, rom ar aris aranairi niSnis mixedviT diskriminacia da aranairi SezRudvebi ar moxdeba. Cvens saxelmwifoSi arc religiuri da arc seqsualuri umciresobebisaTvis ar dawesdeba msgavsi SezRudvebi. amis garantia aris is xelisufleba, romelic dRes aris. umravlesoba ar dauWers am iniciativas mxars. sazogadoeba ki gacilebiT tolerantulia, vidre qdm. samarcxvinoa, rodesac parlamentSi aseTi tipis homofoburi gancxadebebi keTdeba~. `kublaSvili: seqsualuri umciresobebisaTvis SezRudvebi ar dawesdeba~. n. cecxlaZe. netgazeTi. 22.05.2012. http://www.netgazeti.ge/GE/105/ opinion/9905/ 42 ombudsmeni qristiandemokratebis homofobiis winaaRmdeg. Tazo kupreiSvili. netgazeTi. 22.05.2012. http://www.netgazeti. ge/GE/105/News/9908/ 43 mag.ix. `qristian-demokratiuli moZraobis~ mier warmodgenil sakonstitucio cvlilebebi diskriminaciulia~. `konstituciis 42e muxlisa~ da `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufis~ erToblivi gancxadeba http://women.ge/2012/06/04/ cristiandemocrats/ ;

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moTxovnebis CaTvliT) da uzrunvelyon, rom transgender pirebs SeeZloT dauyovnebliv daqorwineba sqesis kvlavminiWebis procesis dasrulebisTanave. VII nawilis paragrafebi moiTxoven wevri saxelmwifoebisagan, rom maT uzrunvelyon transgenderi pirebisaTvis Sesabamisi sqesis kvlavminiWebis momsaxurebis xelmisawvdomoba da rom nebismieri gadawyvetileba dazRvevis mier dafaruli xarjebis Semcirebis Sesaxeb iyos kanonieri, obieqturi da proporciuli. saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba arc krZalavs da arc aregulirebs sqesis kvlavminiWebis mizniT qirurgiul Carevas. es samedicino dawesebulebebs aZlevs saSualebas miiRon erTpirovnuli gadawyvetileba imis Sesaxeb, vis aqvs ufleba gaikeTos aseTi operacia da vis ara. qirurgiul Carevamde saWiro procedurebis CamonaTvali da rigiToba aseve ar regulirdeba saxelmwifos mxridan. zemoaRniSnuli xarvezi SeiZleba iwvevdes mikerZoebul midgomebs, araTanmimdevrulobas da uqmnides dabrkolebebs transgender pirebs. Tumca, sqesis kvlavminiWebis momsaxureba saqarTveloSi arsebobs, amasTan dakavSirebuli qirurgiuli operaciis mTeli xarjebis gaweva Tavad pacientebs uwevT (maSin, rodesac sxva samedicino procedurebis xarjebi, magaliTad, sxvadasxva analizebi, kbilis eqimis momsaxureba, mSobiaroba da a.S. SeiZleba saqarTveloSi arsebuli sxvadasxva kerZo Tu saxelmwifo sadazRvevo paketebiT ifarebodes). saqarTvelos mTavrobis N77 dadgenilebis44 safuZvelze garkveuli kategoriebis samedicino operaciebi srulad an nawilobriv finansdeba saxelmwifos mxridan. operaciaTa CamonaTvali da saxelmwifo dafinansebis kriteriumebi ZiriTadad ganpirobebulia daavadebaTa mniSvnelovanebiTa da samedicino operaciis beneficiarTa dabali socialuri an specifikuri socialuri statusiT. transseqsual adamianTa mier sqesis kvlavminiWebis operacia misi maRali socialuri mniSnelovanebis miuxedavad ar aris warmodgenili arcerT samarTlebriv aqtSi. saqarTveloSi arsebuli siRaribis da umuSevrobis donis gaTvaliswinebiT, bevrisaTvis sqesis kvlavminiWebisaTvis aucilebeli procedurebisaTvis saWiro xarjebi, rac jamurad 19900 lars Seadgens, SeiZleba finansurad xelmiuwvdomeli iyos.45 savaldebuloa Seuqcevadi sterilizaciis, hormonaluri mkurnalobis da winaswari qirurgiuli procedurebis gavla, raTa pirma axali piradobis damadasturebeli sabuTebis miReba SeZlos. sqesis kvlavminiWebis proceduris srulad gavlis SemTxvevaSi, pirs gaaCnia ufleba oficialur dokumentebSi Secvalos monacemebi sqesis Sesaxeb.46 Tumca, SeuZlebelia umaRlesi ganaTlebis damadasturebeli diplomis xelaxla aReba, romelSic Secvlili sqesi iqneba miTiTebuli. Sesabamisi normatiuli aqti krZalavs umaRlesi ganaTlebis damadasturebeli diplomis nebismieri mizeziT xelmeored gacemas. aman SeiZleba transgender pirebs mniSvnelovani problemebi Seuqmnas, gansakuTrebiT samuSaos Ziebis procesSi, Tuki maT Sesabamisi ganaTlebis dadastureba dasWirdaT. metic, axal piradobis mowmobebSi miTiTebulia sqesi, rac kidev ufro amZimebs transgenderi pirebis mdgomareobas, gansakuTrebiT im adamianebisas, vinc tranziciis procesSi imyofeba (proceduras sul mcire ori weli sWirdeba).47 rogorc Cans, saqarTvelos mTavrobas uaxloes momavalSi transgenderi pirebis problemebis mogvarebis araviTari gegmebi ar gaaCnia. rTulia imis Tqma, miecemaT Tu ara transgender pirebs sqesis kvlavminiWebis operaciis Semdeg qorwinebis nebarTva. Teoriulad, kanonmdeblobis doneze amisaTvis aranairi dabrkolebebi ar unda arsebobdes. Tumca, praqtikaSi aseTi SemTxveva ar yofila.
44 saqarTvelos mTavrobis 77-e dadgenileba `2011 wlis janmrTelobis dacvis saxelmwifo programebis damtkicebis Sesaxeb~. 15.02.2011. https://matsne.gov.ge/index.php?option=com_ldmssearch&view=docView&id=1208699 45 transgenderTa saWiroebebis kvlevis masalebi janmrTelobis dacvis sferoSi. organizacia `identoba~. 2012 46 saqarTvelos iusticiis saministros sapasuxo werili, N.26948, TariRi: 26.06.2012. 47 saqarTveloSi lbt qalTa mdgomareobis amsaxveli Crdilovani angariSi CEDAW komitetisaTvis. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufi~. WISG. Tbilisi, 2012. gv.27. ix: http://women.ge/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/WISG-LBT-CEDAWshadow-report_geo.pdf

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V. dasaqmeba
danarTis V nawili moiTxovs wevri saxelmwifoebisagan uzrunvelyon efeqturi dacva seqsualuri orientacis da genderuli identobis safuZvelze diskriminaciisagan dasaqmebis sferoSi; es moicavs diskriminaciis amkrZalav kanonmdeblobas, diskriminaciasTan brZolis sxva politikur meqanizmebs da konkretul zomebis miRebas SeiaraRebul ZalebTan mimarTebaSi. igi agreTve moiTxovs wevri saxelmwifoebisagan dasaqmebis sferoSi transgenderi pirebis privatulobis dacvas. saqarTvelos Sromis kodeqsi~ aSkarad krZalavs diskriminacias seqsualuri orientaciis da genderuli identobis safuZvelze. es Sesworeba 2006 wels iqna miRebuli da dadebiTad unda Sefasdes. Tumca, unda aRiniSnos, rom es akrZalva ZalaSi Sedis mxolod mas Semdeg, rac piri ukve dasaqmebulia da ar exeba SerCevis an daqiravebis process. es xarvezebi kanonmdeblobis sust mxares warmoadgens da aucilebelia maTi dauyovnebliv gamosworeba. momavali mTavroba (romelic jer ar dakompleqtebula 1 oqtombers Catarebuli ukanaskneli saparlamento arCevnebis Semdeg) sajarod acxadebs, rom SromiT kanonmdeblobaSi mniSvnelovani cvlilebebi Seva; Tumca, ar aris cxadi, Seexeba Tu ara es cvlilebebi agreTve antidiskriminaciul muxlebs. generaluri prokuraturis Sinaganawesi, romelic TanamSromlebs seqsualuri Zaladobisagan icavs, SeiZleba moyvanili iqnas, rogorc pozitiuri praqtikis magaliTi. sqesis kvlavminiWebis operaciis Semdeg umaRlesi ganaTlebis diplomis xelmeored miRebis SeuZlebloba transgenderi pirebis privatulobis dacvas dasaqmebis sferoSi SeuZlebels xdis. informacia transgenderi pirebis Sesaxeb SeiaraRebul ZalebSi ar aris xelmisawvdomi, radgan Tavdacvis saministrom ar upasuxa `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufis~ werils.48 Case #W32. samsaxuridan gaTavisufleba genderuli identobis safuZvelze transgenderi (MtF), 21 wlis amonaridi interviudan: `2010-2011 wels barmenad vmuSaobdi kafeSi. ufross da TanamSromlebs qondaT Cemdami kargi damokidebuleba. maT icodnen Cemi identobis Sesaxeb. meore wels gadavwyvite Cemi identoba ufro sajaro gamexada sazogadoebaSi da Cemi uflebebi damecva Tavisuflad. Cemi iniciativiT Sevxvdi Jurnalists. Cemi foto daibeWda Jurnalis ydaze, riTac Zalian bednieri viyavi. Tumca, kafis menejerma gamaTavisufla, im motiviT, rom kafeSi Zalian bevri adamiani dadis da maT eqnebodaT Cems mimarT uaryofiTi damokidebuleba. me viyavi Zalian cud pirobebSi. mqonda finansuri problemebi da lamis prostituciis msxverpli gavxdi... sabednierod deda damexmara... magram, sakvebis garda, sxva raRaceebic sWirdeba adamians... ase rom, Rrma depresiaSi viyavi... me SemeZlo Cemi uflebebis Tavisuflad dacva, magram ar vicodi ra gamekeTebina~ 49

VI. ganaTleba
danarTis VI nawili moiTxovs wevri saxelmwifoebisagan, rom ganaTlebis ufleba yvelasaTvis xelmisawvdomi iyos seqsualuri orientaciis an genderuli identobis safuZvelze diskriminaciis gareSe. maT Soris unda iqnas miRebuli zomebi Cagvrisagan da socialuri gariyvisagan dasacavad; es moicavs Tanasworobisa da usafrTxoebis politikas, qcevis kodeqsebsa da TanamSromelTa Treiningebis programebs, iseve, rogorc skolebSi urTierTSemwynareblobisa da pativiscemis damkvidrebisaTvis zomebis miRebas, saskolo programebSi da saganmanaTleblo masalebSi obieqturi informaciis Setanas, lgbt moswavleebisa da studentebisaTvis specialuri informaciis miwodebasa da mxardaWeras, transgenderi studentebis specialuri moTxovnilebebis dasakmayofileblad zomebis miRebas.
48 Tavdacvis saministrom ar upasuxa `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufis~ werils. 49 lgbt adamianTa mdgomareoba saqarTveloSi. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufi~ (WISG). Tbilisi, 2012. kvlevis masalebi. I.4 7(1)

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saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT ganaTlebis sferoSi diskriminacia akrZalulia da ganaTlebaze Tanabari xelmisawvdomoba aRiarebulia rogorc dawyebiT da saSualo, aseve umaRles saswavlo sistemebSi.50 Tumca, praqtika kanons yovelTvis ar Seesabameba. skolebsa da universitetebSi lgbt pirebis mimarT arsebuli damokidebuleba asaxavs sazogadoebaSi arsebul tendenciebs da im tradiciuli stigmebis, tabuebisa da faseulobebis Zlieri zegavlenis qveS imyofeba, romelTac saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesia mxars uWers.51 Tumca, saqarTvelos skolebSi moswavleebis mier erTmaneTis Cagvra saqarTveloSi gavrcelebul problemas warmoadgens,52 ganaTlebis saministro ar cdilobs am sakiTxis Seswavlas da ar gaaCnia problemis masStabebis da xasiaTis Seswavlisa da aRmofxvris gegmea. savaraudod, saxelmZRvaneloebi diskriminaciul masalebs Seicaven; Tumca, amis gadawyvetiT mtkiceba rTulia, radgan am mimarTulebiT konkretuli kvleva ar ganxorcielebula. skolebsa da umaRlesi ganaTlebis dawesebulebebSi ar xorcieldeba specialuri programebi (cnobierebis amaRlebis, fsiqologiuri konsultirebis da a.S.), romlebic lgbt moswavleebis/studentebis saWiroebebis dakmayofilebaze iqneboda orientirebuli. pozitiuri magaliTia 2011 wlis `saxelmwifo axalgazrduli politikis~ proeqti, romelic mkafiod gansazRvravs saxelmwifos valdebulebebs lgbt axalgazrdebis mimarT: `saxelmwifo moaxdens skolebSi da umaRlesi ganaTlebis dawesebulebebSi saTreiningo programebis organizebas adamianis uflebebis, maT Soris eTnikuri, religiuri da seqsualuri umciresobebis uflebebis dacvis Temebze.53 Tumca, ucnobia, rodis dasruldeba am dokumentis miReba, rogoria misi ganxorcielebis konkretuli gegma da droiTi CarCoebi, ra instrumentebi iqneba gamoyenebuli mis gansaxorcieleblad da a.S. unda aRiniSnos, rom ganaTlebis saministrom saerTod upasuxod datova `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufis~ mier gagzavnili SekiTxvebi da ar gamoagzavna werilobiTi angariSi ministrTa komitetis rekomendaciis ganxorcielebis procesSi miRweuli progresis Taobaze. Case #W38. bulingi skolasa da quCebSi mamakaci, homoseqsuali, asakobrivi jgufi16-18. amonaridi interviudan: `skolaSi xSirad damcinian Cemi manerebis gamo. xSirad mouZaxebiaT CemTvis `pidarasto; SeuginebiaT... damcinian _ xan CanTas SemiRebaven, xan skams gamomiweven... SarSan (2011) zamTarSi, skolidan rom gamovdiodi, Cemma skolelebma damiZaxes da `padiezdSi~ Semiyvanes. damcinavad melaparakebodnen, xeliT mexebodnen. mere CanTa gadamigdes. erT-erTma wixlic amomartya. mere SemeSvnen... 2011 wlis zamTarSi, skolis derefanSi, Sesvenebis dros, ramdenime biWma dacinva damiwyo. sityvier Seuracxyofas mayenebdnen. rodesac Sevepasuxe, ramdenjerme gamartyes xeli saxeSi.54 2011 wlis gazafxulze Cemma ubnelebmac gaiges, rom gei var da mTel ubans mosdes Cemi `pederastobis~ ambavi. mTeli ubani damcinoda da xSirad mayenebdnen sityvier Seuracxyofas Tu erTad myofebs Sevxvdebodi. erTxel `marSutkiT~ movdiodi. roca im adgils mivuaxlovdi, sadac Cemi ubnelebi idgnen, daminaxes da xmamaRla momaZaxes `Se pidarastoo~. Tan cemiT damemuqrnen... zafxulSi, Cemi ubnis baRSi vijeqi Cems megobarTan erTad. Cemi ubnelebi movidnen da damiwyes dacinva. erT-erTi viTom TviTonac gei iyo da me damcinoda manerebiT. mere viTom Cems kocnas
50 saqarTvelos kanoni `zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb 51 kvleva homofobiis, transfobiis da seqsualuri orientaciis da genderuli identobis safuZvelze diskriminaciis Sesaxeb. sociologiuri angariSi: saqarTvelo. COWI. 2010. paragrafi .67. ix: http://www.coe.int/t/Commissioner/Source/ LGBT/GeorgiaSociological_E.pdf 52 mag. `qalTa inciativebis mxardamWeri jgufis~ lgbt pirebi diskriminaciis Sesaxeb kvlevis 1618 wlis asakobrivi jgufis yvela monawilem ganacxada, rom skolaSi bulingis msxverpli iyo. 53 politikis mimarTuleba: specialuri mxardaWera da dacva. http://youth.gov.ge/?page_id=1158 54 lgbt adamianTa mdgomareoba saqarTveloSi. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufi~ (WISG). Tbilisi, 2012. kvlevis masalebi. Q.13(1).

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cdilobda. me Tavidan viSorebdi. amaze danarCenebi icinodnen~.55 Case #I40b. Tbilisis saxelmwifo universiteti: homofobiuri fsiqologia studentebisTvis 2012 wels Tbilisis saxelmwifo universtetis studentma organizacia identobas erT-erTi leqtoris mier gakeTebuli homofobiuri ganxadebebis Taobaze mimarTa. fsiqologiis leqciaze, leqtori `arajansaRi gadaxrebis mqone~ pirebad moixseniebda lgbt adamianebs. organizacia `identobis~ warmomadgenels, romelic informaciis dasazusteblad piradad Sexvda profesors, (nugzar bainduraSvili Tsu-s socialur da politikur mecnierebaTa fakultetis asistent-profesoria, romelic fsiqologiis mimarTulebis studentebisTvis kiTxulobs ganviTarebis fsiqologiis, Znelad aRsazrdel bavSvTa fsiqologiisa da eqsperimentuli fsiqologiis saleqcio kursebs). leqtorma ganucxada: `xSirad aseTi aranormaluri orientaciis mqone adamianebi bavSvobaSive avlenen saeWvo simptomebs. am SemTxvevaSi mSoblebs didi yuradReba marTebT, rom ar gamoeparoT es niSnebi da rac SeiZleba, swrafad gauwion bavSvs daxmareba. ar arsebobs daavadebis Camoyalibeba ise, rom simptomebi ar gamouvlindes. mSobeli yuradRebiT unda iyos swored am simptomebis mimarT da Seecados saTanado daxmareba droulad aRmouCinos Svils. maTi saboloo gajansaReba mxolod RmerTis nebaa, amis garantias veravin mogcems, magram Cven mainc unda vcadoT bedi. magaliTad, fsiqokoreqcia SeiZleba efeqturi aRmoCndes. unda umkurnalo manamde, sadamdec SeiZleba. Cven maqsimalurad unda vecadoT yvelafers da ar SeiZleba daxmarebaze uari vTqvaT imis SiSiT, rom mkurnaloba araefeqturi aRmoCndeba. ver mivuSvebT aseT adamianebs Tavis nebaze.~ organizacia `identobam~ Ria weriliT mimarTa universitetis administracias, moTxovniT rom reagireba moexdinaT universitetis leqtoris sajaro homofobur gancxadebebze, Tumca, administracias werilze pasuxi ar gaucia.56

VII. jandacva (transgenderebTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis garda)57

danarTis VII nawilis es paragrafebi moiTxoven wevri saxelmwifoebisagan imis uzrunvelyofas, rom jandacvis sistemaSi arsebuli umaRlesi standartis momsaxureba yvelasaTvis erTnairad iyos xelmisawvdomi da am procesSi ar arsebobdes diskriminacia seqsualuri orientaciis an genderuli identobis safuZvelze. SemoTavazebuli zomebi moicaven lgbt pirebis specialuri saWiroebebis gaTvaliswinebas jandacvis erovnuli gegmebis SemuSavebis procesSi; maT Soris: TviTmkvlelobis prevenciis zomebs, janmrTelobis mdgomareobis kvlevebs, saswavlo da saTreiningo kursebs, pacientebisaTvis Tavisi `uaxloesi naTesavebis~ diskriminaciis gareSe dasaxelebis uflebas, iseTi saxelmZRvaneloebis da sxva dokumentebis xmarebidan amoRebas, romlebic homoseqsualobas gansazRvraven rogorc avadmyofibas da imis uzrunvelyofas, rom aravin iqnas iZulebuli gaiaros samedicino mkurnaloba mxolod Tavisi seqsualuri orientacis an genderuli identobis gamo. pacientebis, maT Soris sasjelaRsrulebis dawesebulebebSi myofi pacientebis diskriminacia, sxva mizezebTan erTad, maTi seqsualuri orientaciis safuZvelze, pirdapiraa akrZaluli kanoniT.58 Tumca, lgbt pacientebi xSirad acxadeben, rom samedicino personali maT mimarT homofobiur damokidebulebas amJRavnebs da xSirad maT homoseqsualobisagan mkurnalobis kursis gavlas sTavazoben.59
55 lgbt adamianTa mdgomareoba saqarTveloSi. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufi~ (WISG). Tbilisi, 2012. kvlevis masalebi. Q.13(2). 56 Tsu: homofobiiT naswavli fsiqologia. . ID mag. 01.25.2012. http://identoba.ge/7606 57 ix. nawili v zemoT. 58 saqarTvelos kanoni `pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb; saqarTvelos kanoni `sazogadoebrivi jandacvis Sesaxeb~. 59 saqarTveloSi lbt qalTa mdgomareobis amsaxveli Crdilovani angariSi CEDAW komitetisaTvis. `qalTa inicia-

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pozitiur siaxles warmoadgens jandacvis saministros gegma, romelic gulisxmobs cvlilebebis Setanas post-sadiplomo saswavlo programebSi cvlilebebis Setanasa da SecvlasTan dakavSirebiT, raTa uzrunvelyos, rom homoseqsualoba aRar ganixilebodes rogorc daavadeba.60 lgbt jgufebis konkretuli saWiroebebi ar aris gaTvaliswinebuli arc saxelmwifo samoqmedo gegmebSi, arc saxelmwifos amJamad arsebul jandacvis strategiaSi61 da arc am sferoSi mimdinare raime kvlevebSi. aseve, ar arsebobs TviTmkvlelobis prevenciis programebi. pacientebs ar aqvT ufleba Tavisi Sexedulebisamebr daasaxelon `uaxloesi naTesavi~, radgan kanoni aseTi pirebis amomwurav CamonaTvals gansazRvravs. blanketuri akrZalva homoseqsualebs sisxlis donorobas ukrZalavs.62 16 wlamde pacientebs SeuZliaT gaiaron samedicino mkurnaloba mxolod mSoblis an kanonieri warmomadgenlis TanxmobiT, garda SemTxvevebisa, rodesac Tavad arasrulwlovani moiTxovs konfidencialurobis dacvas. 2012 wlis 8 ivniss SemoTavazebuli iqna axali Sesworebebi saqarTvelos kanonSi `jandacvis Sesaxeb~ (N07-3/639; 08.06.12), romlis mixedviTac surogati mSoblis daxmarebis miRebis ufleba eqnebaT mxolod uSvilo wyvilebs, romlebic imyofebian registrirebul qorwinebaSi, magram unayofo arian.63 Case #W34a. samedicino personalis mxridan momsaxurebaze uaris Tqma transgenderi (MtF), 27 wlis. amonaridi interviudan: `transeqsualis cnobis aReba rom damWirda, klinikaSi, Tavad specialistebi, seqsologi iqneboda Tu fsiqologi, Zalian kargi reaqciebiT mxvdeboda absoluturad yvela. magram, analizebze rom mivdiodi... rogorc ki gaigebdnen, rom transi viyavi, saSineleba xdeboda... analizebis nawili Jordanias klinikaSi gavikeTe. zogi eqimi normalurad Semxvda, Tbiladac damelaparaka, magram zogadad... faqtiurad Zalian cud situaciaSi aRmovCndi... Seuracxyofebis korianteli momayenes... saboloo jamSi ro davfiqrdi, mTlad Seuracxyofac ar iyo... Zalian ganicdida is (erT-erTi eqimi) adamiani am yvelafers.. `Cemi Svili rom aseT mdgomareobaSi yofiliyo ar vici ras vizamdio~... da ras izamdiT-meTqi, vkiTxe: moklavdiT, saxlidan gaagdebdiT-meTqi? iq iyo Seuracxmyofeli raRaceebic, ubralod ar minda axla aRvniSno... eseT cud raRaceebs Cemi cxovrebidan yovelTvis viReb, rogorc kompiuterSi SegiZlia _ nagvis urnaSi vyri da vasufTaveb, rom ar davizafro xolme zedmeti problemebiT....64 Case #W34. homofobiuri damokidebuleba samedicino momsaxurebisas mamakaci, homoseqsuali, asakobrivi jgufi 18-25 2011 wlis ianvarSi, erT-erT stomatologiur klinikaSi eqimma, romelTanac ramdenime Tvis ganmavlobaSi mkurnalobda, uari uTxra momsaxurebaze mas Semdeg, rac erTxel vizitze `gansxvavebuli~ imijiT mivida. amis Semdeg, eqimma aRar miiRo, arc Catarebuli mkurnalobis fuli

tivebis mxardamWeri jgufi~. WISG. Tbilisi, 2012. gv.17. ix: http://women.ge/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/WISG-LBT-CEDAWshadow-report_geo.pdf 60 saqarTvelos Sromis, jandacvis da socialuri uzrunvelyofis saministros sapasuxo werili. N.01/27507, TariRi: 15.05.2012 61 saqarTvelos janmrTelobis dacvis 2011-2015 ww. saxelmwifo strategia. http://www.healthrights.ge/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/ jandacva_GEO.pdf 62 ministris brZaneba, romelmac Seqmna misi saqarTvelos sakonstitucio sasamarTloSi gasaCivrebis aucilebloba 63 http://chairman.parliament.ge/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1603:2012-07-12-06-31-59&catid=136:prs&lang=en&itemid=0 64 lgbt adamianTa mdgomareoba saqarTveloSi. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufi~ (WISG). Tbilisi, 2012. kvlevis masalebi. I.45(2)

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gamoarTva da aRar pasuxobda mis satelefono zarebs.65 Case #I36. samedicino universitetis fsiqiatruli ganyofilebis ufrosi homoseqsualobas aRwers rogorc `anomalias~ medicinis mecnierebaTa doqtori, Tbilisis saxelmwifo samedicino universitetis fsiqiatriis mimarTulebis xelmZRvaneli, Teimuraz silagaZe, ambobs, rom marTalia, homoseqsualoba amoRebulia fsiqikuri daavadebebis CamonaTvalidan jandacvis saerTaSoriso organizaciis mier, lgbt adamianebi mainc gansakuTrebuli SemTxvevebs warmoadgenen, rogorc gansxvavebuli qcevis mqone pirebi: `saerTod, es saxelebis cvlileba Cveulebrivi movlenaa: roca rame termini negatiur datvirTvas iZens da salanZRav sityvad iqceva, maSin vcdilobT xolme, is SevcvaloT. ase iyo adre, magaliTad, terminebi: fsiqopaTi, idioti, debili, gonebaClungi, romlebic Cveulebriv ixmareboda samedicino diagnozad. axla es terminebi Secvlilia da ufro rbili, loialuri terminebiT mivmarTavT am tipis pacientebs. Tumca, Tavad faqti faqtad rCeba da saxelebis gadarqmeva-gamartivebiT isini naklebad mZime daavadebebi ar xdebian. Tu raRac 20 saukuneze metis ganmavlobaSi anomalia iyo, axali saxelis darqmeviT ver Secvli am faqts. es xalxi (lgbt adamianebi) arRvevs im harmonias, rac RmerTma Seqmna. mTavaria is, rom ojaxi iyos harmoniuli. cxovelebic ki, yvela sulieri arseba dedamiwaze, gansxvavebuli sqesis principiT arian Seqmnilebi. sxva SemTxvevaSi maT gamravlebis saSualeba ar eqnebaT~.66 Case #W37. lbt adamianebis iZulebiTi mkurnaloba amonaridi `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufis~ seqsologis interviudan:67 CvenTan ZiriTadad is adamianebi xvdebian, visac ukve gacnobierebuli aqvT TavianTi seqsualuri identoba da miRebuli aqvT sqesis qirurgiuli gziT Secvlis gadawyvetileba. am bolo 2-3 weliwadSi mqonda SemTxveva, roca mSobeli damikavSirda da Svilis gankurnebas mTxovda. Svils ki sul sxva ram surs... erTi pacienti maxsendeba, FTM, romelic pirdapir eubneboda dedamiss, rom biWi var da gamanebeT Tavio. deda atarebda eqimebTan, endrokrinologiur gamokvlevebs utarebda. is ukve 25 wlis iyo, garkveuli hqonda rom aris genderulad mamakaci da hyavda coli, romelTanac srul harmoniaSi cxvorobda, hqonda absoluturad Camoyalibebuli seqsualuri repertuari da dedamisis am saubarze ubralod ecineboda, magram mainc ratomRac nebdeboda. ufro swored, imitom, rom ar qonda finansuri SesaZlebloba, rom Tavi an coli erCina. amitom iZulebuli iyo raRac daTmobebze wasuliyo, wahyoloda dedamiss eqimTan, raRaca gamokvlevebi Caetarebina da ai, ase... finansuri ambebis gamo..~.

VIII. sacxovrebeli
danarTis VIII nawili moiTxovs wevri saxelmwifoebisagan saTanado sacxovreblis uflebiT sargeblobis uzrunvelyofas seqsualuri orientaciis an genderuli identobis safuZvelze diskriminaciis gareSe. es unda ganxorcieldes iseTi zomebis gamoyenebiT, rogorebicaa: sacxovreblis gayidvisas an gaqiravebisas, sacxovreblis SesaZenad sesxis aRebisas, macxovreblis partnioris uflebebis aRiarebisa da sacxovreblis sasamarTlo davis meSveobiT dabrunebis procesSi diskriminaciisagan dacva; agreTve mesakuTrisa da macxovreblisaTvis saTanado informaciis miwodeba da TavSesafris da sagangebo md65 lgbt adamianTa mdgomareoba saqarTveloSi. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufi~ (WISG). Tbilisi, 2012. kvlevis masalebi. Q.108. 66 homoseqsualobis aRqma saqarTvelos jandacvis sistemaSi. IDmag. 67 saqarTveloSi lbt qalTa mdgomareobis amsaxveli Crdilovani angariSi CEDAW komitetisaTvis. kvlevis masalebi. WISG. 2012. interviu maia WavWaniZesTan. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufi~, seqsologi 6.10.2011.

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gomareobisas sacxovreblis xelmisawvdomoba diskriminaciis gareSe, iseve, rogorc lgbt pirebis usaxlkarobis riskis aRmofxvra, maT Soris saxlidan ojaxis mier gagdebuli axalgazrdebis mimarT. saqarTvelos konstitucia saqarTvelos teritoriaze kanonierad myofi yvela pirisaTvis uzrunvelyofs gadaadgilebis Tavisuflebas da qveynis mTel teritoriaze sacxovrebeli adgilis arCevis uflebas.68 Tumca, iyo SemTxvevebi, rodesac lgbt pirebs uari eTqvaT sacxovreblis daqiravebaze maTi statusis gamo. aseTi diskriminaciis SemTxvevebSi ar arsebobs raime samarTlebrivi kompensaciis meqanizmebi, radgan saxelmwifo ar ereva kerZo urTierTobebSi mesakuTreebsa da potenciur damqiraveblebs Soris. lgbt pirebs xSirad emuqrebaT usaxlkarobis safTxe, Tuki maTi ojaxi Seityobs maTi seqsualuri orientacis Sesaxeb. ar arsebobs raime saxelmwifo programa, romelic aseT pirebs droebiTi sacxovreblis moZebnaSi daexmareboda an am problemas sxvagvarad gadaWrida. saqarTveloSi arsebobs ramodenime TavSesafari konkretuli jgufebisaTvis (magaliTad moxucebulTaTvis), magram ar arsebobs TavSesafari lgbt pirebisaTvis. Case #W39. sacxovrebelze uaris Tqma mamakaci, biseqsuali, asakobrivi jgufi 16-18 2011 wels mSoblebTan konfliqtis gamo saxlidan wasvla da megobarTan erTad binis daqiraveba gadawyvita. binis mesakuTrem eWvi aiRo, rom geebi iyvnen da agresiulad mimarTa. uTxra, rom ase Cacmul mamakacebze binas ar gaaqiravebda, rom maT gamo mTeli axalgazrdoba gairyvna... kibidan dagorebiTac daemuqra Tu swrafad ar datovebdnen mis binas...69

IX. sporti
danarTis IX nawili moiTxovs wevri saxelmwifoebisagan sportis sferoSi seqsualuri orientaciis an genderuli idetobis safuZvelze diskriminaciasTan brZolas. es unda moxdes diskriminaciisagan dacvis zomebis gatarebis, sportuli organizaciebis qcevis kodeqsebis SemuSavebis, lgbt organizaciebsa da sportul klubebs Soris partniorobis waxalisebis, antidiskriminaciuli kampaniebis da transgenderi pirebis sportuli cxovrebidan gariyvis aRmofxvris gziT. sportisa da axlagazrdul saqmeTa saministrodan `qalTa iniciativebis mardamWer jgufs~ Seatyobines, rom araferi smeniaT saqarTveloSi sportis sferoSi lgbt pirebis diskriminaciis Sesaxeb. Tumca, `qalTa iniciativebis mardamWer jgufs~ dafiqsirebuli aqvs ramodenime aseTi SemTxveva, romelic aaSkaravebs sportis sferoSi lgbt pirebis diskriminaciis faqtebs. saministrom sapasuxo werilSi daadastura, rom gmoben nebismieri tipis diskriminacias, Tumca, WISGis mier gagzavnil sxva konkretul SekiTxvebze sxva informacia ar warmoudgenia. Case #W33. Seuracxyofa sportuli RonisZiebis dros lesboseli, 18 wlis 2010 wlis 28 ivnisi. respodenti monawileobas iRebda sportul RonisZiebaSi (mxiaruli startebi), rodesac darbazidan viRacam Seagina: `am lesbiankis deda..~. RonisZiebis dasrulebis Semdeg, respodenti Tavad Seecada situaciis daregulirebas, romlis drosac erT-erTma maTganma sila gaartya. policiisTvis ar miumarTvs, radgan SeeSinda policiis mxridan homofobiuri reaqciis.70
68 saqarTvelos konstitucia, muxli 22, nawili 1-li 69 lgbt adamianTa mdgomareoba saqarTveloSi. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufi~ (WISG). Tbilisi, 2012. kvlevis masalebi. Q.32. 70 lgbt adamianTa mdgomareoba saqarTveloSi. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufi~ (WISG). Tbilisi, 2012. kvlevis masalebi. Q.74(3).

31

X. TavSesafris Ziebis ufleba

danarTis X nawili moiTxovs wevri saxelmwifoebisagan (Tuki maT gaaCniaT saerTaSoriso valdebulebebi am kuTxiT), aRiaron seqsualuri orientaciis an genderuli identobis safuZvelze samarTlebrivi devnis kargad dasabuTebuli safrTxe, rogorc ltolvilis statusis miniWebis sakmarisi mizezi da uzrunvelyon, rom TavSesafris maZieblebi ar iqnan dabrunebuli qveyanaSi, sadac maT sicocxles an Tavisuflebas safrTxe daemuqreba, an sadac maT eliT wameba, damacirebeli mopyroba an dasja seqsualuri orientaciis an genderuli identobis gamo. agreTve moiTxovs, rom TavSesafris maZieblebi daculebi iyvnen nebismieri diskriminaciuli politikisagan an praqtikebisagan da rom TavSesafris moTxovnis ganxilvaze pasuxismgebel pirebs CautardeT Treiningebi im konkretuli problemebis sakiTxebze, romlebsac TavSesafris maZiebeli lgbt pirebi awydebian. konstituciis 47-e muxli iZleva imis garantias, rom saqarTveloSi mcxovreb ucxoel da moqalaqeobis armqone pirebs igive uflebebi da movaleobebi gaaCniaT, rogorc saqarTvelos moqalaqeebs, garda konstituciiT da kanonmdeblobiT gansazRvruli gamonaklisebisa. saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba icavs adamianebs im qveyanaSi gagzavnisagan, sadac maT sicocxles an janmrTelobas safrTxe emuqreba. TavSesafris maZieblis deportacia akrZalulia. ar arsebobs imis damadasturebeli raime faqti, rom lgbt statusis safuZvelze samarTlebrivi devnis kargad dasabuTebuli safrTxe ar CaTvliliyo sakmaris mizezad TavSesafris an ltolvilis statusis misaniWeblad. qalTa inciativebis mxardamWeri jgufisaTvis~ ucnobia TavSesafris/ltolvilis statusis maZieblebis gancxadebebis ganxilvaze pasuxismgebeli pirebisaTvis Catarebuli raime saTreiningo programebis Sesaxeb.

XI. adamianis uflebaTa dacvis erovnuli institutebi

danarTis XI nawili moiTxovs wevri saxelmwifoebisagan adamianis uflebadamcveli erovnuli struqturebisTvis seqsualuri orientaciis an genderuli identobis safuZvelze diskriminaciis winaaRmdeg brZolis mkafio mandatis miniWebas. kerZod, maT unda SeeZloT kanonmdeblobis an politikis Sesaxeb rekomendaciebis wardgena, farTo sazogadoebis cnobierebis amaRlebaze muSaoba da, ramdenadac amas erovnuli kanonmdebloba iTvaliswinebs, individualuri saCivrebis Seswavla da sasamarTlo procesebSi monawileobis miReba. tradiciulad, saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelebi lgbt pirebis uflebebis did damcvelebad ar gvevlinebian, Tumca, 2012 wlidan garkveuli cvlilebebi SeiniSneba. saxalxo damcvelis samsaxuris gancxadebiT, diskriminaciis winaaRmdeg brZola mis erT-erT ZiriTad funqcias da prioritets warmoadgens.71 erovnuli kanonmdebloba saxalxo damcvels individualuri saCivrebis miRebis uflebas aZlevs, Tumca, saxalxo damcvelis gancxadebiT, lgbt pirebi mas iSviaTad mimarTaven (savaraudod, isini SiSoben, rom Tuki maTi saqmis Sesaxeb informacia gavrceldeba, maTi seqsualuri orientacia an genderuli identoba cnobili gaxdeba mesame mxareTaTvis, romlebic ama Tu im gziT incidentis gamoZiebaSi monawileobas miiReben. magaliTad: policiisaTvis, ojaxis wevrebisaTvis an ufro farTo sazogadoebisaTvis). miuxedavad imisa, rom saxalxo damcveli axorcielebs cnobierebis amaRlebisaken mimarTul RonisZiebebs sakuTari TanamSromlebisa da zogierTi samTavrobo sturqutrebis TanamSromlebisaTvis, farTo sazogadoebis diskriminaciis akrZalvis sakiTxebis garSemo cnobierebis asamaRleblad ufro masStabiani kampaniebi ar ganxorcielebula da a.S.
71 saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis aparatis sapasuxo werili, N.706/04-11, TariRi: 17.07.2012

32

saxalxo damcvelis sityvebiT, igi aqtiurad uwevda lobirebas ukanasknel cvlilebebs, romelTa mixedviTac danaSaulis Cadenisas lgbt safuZvelze siZulvilis motivi damamZimebel garemoebad iqca. saxalxo damcveli gamoexmaura parlamentis erT-erTi wevris winadadebasac erTsqesiani qorwinebis sakonstitucio akrZalvis Taobaze: `SemoTavazebul cvlilebebze aranakleb SemaSfoTeblad mimaCnia saparlamento umciresobis liderisa da misi wevrebis mier gakeTebuli gancxadebebi, romlebic ganmsWvaluli iyo homofobiuri suliskveTebiT. samwuxarod, maT mier gakeTebuli gancxadebebis nawili Seicavda siZulvilis enas, romelic mimaCnia rom xels uwyobs sazogadoebaSi stereotipuli warmodgenebisa da diskriminaciuli damokidebulebis waxalisebas, rac seqsualuri umciresobebis Seuracxyofisa da sazogadoebidan gariyvis safrTxes qmnis. ramdenime dRis win, homofobiis winaaRmdeg brZolis saerTaSoriso dRes ganviTarebuli movlenebis fonze iseTi gancxadebebis gakeTeba, romelic homoseqsualobas, `gaxrwnilobasTan, garyvnilobasTan da gaukuRmarTebul wesTan~ aTanabrebs, xels uwyobs sazogadoebaSi araswori stereotipebis damkvidrebas da axalisebs diskriminacias~.72 igi xazs usvams, rom sakanonmdeblo organos warmomadgenlebi pasuxismgeblebi arian ara marto TavianTi mandatis farglebSi, aramed maT agreTve sazogadoebis winaSe didi moraluri pasuxismgebloba ekisrebaT: `saqarTvelos konstitucia Cvens saxelmwifoSi iyo da aris upirvelesi garanti Tanasworuflebianobisa. movuwodeb yvela politikur Zalas, calkeul politikosebs, samoqalaqo sazogadoebas, gansakuTrebuli yuradReba da sifrTxile gamoiCinon, raTa maT mier an maTi meSveobiT, samomavlod ar moxdes nebismieri niSniT diskriminaciuli gamonaTqvamebisa da siZulvilis enis tiraJireba~, naTqvamia saxalxo damcvelis gancxadebaSi. saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelma mkacrad dagmo 2012 wlis 17 maiss gamarTuli IDAHO msvlelobis darbevis faqtic: ~saqarTvelos saxalxo damcveli dauSveblad miiCnevs Seuwynareblobis niadagze ganxorcielebul nebismier Zaladobriv qmedebas. mSvidobiani aqciis Catarebis uflebiT sargeblobisaTvis saTanado pirobebis Seqmna samarTaldamcavi organoebis pozitiuri valdebulebaa. msgavsi msvlelobis winaaRmdeg Cadenili samarTaldarRveva swraf da adekvatur reagirebas moiTxovs. saxalxo damcvels miaCnia, rom aucilebelia msgavs SemTxvevebSi saxelmwifom gaataros drouli da efeqturi RonisZiebebi Seuwynareblobis niadagze ganxorcielebuli qmedebebis aRkveTisa da prevenciis mizniT~.73

XII. diskriminacia mravaljeradi niSniT

am sakiTxebze ar moipoveba aranairi informacia.

72 ombudsmeni qristian-demokratebis homofobiis winaaRmdeg. T. kupreiSvili. netgazeTi. 22.05.2012. http://www.net gazeti.ge/GE/105/News/9908/ 73 saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis gancxadeba 2012 wlis 17 maisis RonisZiebis Sesaxeb. 18.05.2010. http://www.ombudsman. ge/index.php?page=1001&lang=1&id=1501

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V. danarTebi
danarTi # 1. rekomendacia CM/Rec(2010)5 wevri saxelmwifoebis ministrTa komitets
seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis safuZvelze diskriminaciis winaaRmdeg miRebuli zomebis Sesaxeb (miRebulia ministrTa komitetis mier 2010 wlis 31 marts ministrTa moadgileebis 1081-e Sexvedraze) ministrTa komiteti, evropis sabWos wesdebis me-15.b muxlis farglebSi, iTvaliswinebs ra, rom evropis sabWos mizans warmoadgens mis wevrebs Soris mWidro erTianobis miRweva da rom aRniSnuli erTianoba SeiZleba miRweul iqnes mxolod adamianis uflebaTa sferoSi saerTo moqmedebebiT; ixsenebs ra, rom adamianis uflebebi universaluria da vrceldeba yvela individze da xazs usvams ra valdebulebas, uzrunvelyos yvela adamianis Tanasworoba da uflebebiTa da TavisuflebebiT sargebloba, romelic daculi iqneba nebismieri niSniT diskriminaciisgan, rogorebicaa sqesi, rasa, kanis feri, ena, religia, politikuri Tu sxvagvari Sexeduleba, erovnuli Tu socialuri warmomavloba, erovnuli umciresobisadmi kuTvnileba, sakuTreba, dabadebis garemoeba an adamianis uflebaTa dacvis evropuli konvenciiT (SemdgomSi `konvencia) da misi oqmebiT gaTvaliswinebuli sxva statusi; aRiarebs ra, rom saxelmwifoebis mier aradiskriminaciul mopyrobas da sadac saWiroa, saxelmwifoebis mier diskriminaciuli mopyrobis winaaRmdeg, maT Soris arasaxelmwifoebrivi erTeulebis mier ganxorcilebuli diskriminaciuli mopyrobis winaaRmdeg, pozitiuri zomebis gatareba adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTad TavisuflebaTa dacvis saerTaSoriso sistemis Zireuli komponentebia; aRiarebs ra, rom lesboseli, gei, biseqsuali da transgenderi adamianebi saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi iyvnen da dResac arian homofobiis, transfobiisa da sxva saxis Seuwynareblobisa da diskriminaciis msxverpli, maT Soris maTsave ojaxebSi, rac gamoixateba seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT ganpirobebul kriminalizaciaSi, marginalizaciaSi, socialur gariyvasa da ZaladobaSi da rom aRniSnuli jgufis mier adamianTa uflebebiT sargeblobis uzrunvelsayofad konkretuli moqmedebebia saWiro; mxedvelobaSi iRebs ra, adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos (SemdgomSi `sasamarTlo) da sxva saerTaSoriso sasamarTloebis mier ganxilul saqmeebs, romelTa Tanaxmad seqsualuri orientacia warmoadgens diskriminaciisagan dacul safuZvels da romelTa gadawyvetilebebmac didi roli iTamaSes transgenderi adamianebis uflebebis ganmtkicebis saqmeSi; ixsenebs ra, rom sasamarTlos precedentuli samarTlis Tanaxmad, diskriminaciis Tavidan asacileblad, mopyrobaSi nebismeri saxis gansxvaveba unda iyos obieqturi da gonivrulad gamarTlebuli, rac gulisxmobs legitimuri miznis arsebobas da miznis propociuli saSualebebis gamoyenebas; iTvaliswinebs ra, rom siZulvilis enis an diskriminaciis, maT Soris seqsualuri oritentaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT diskriminaciis sxvagvari formis gamarTleba dauSvebelia rogorc kulturuli, tradiciuli da religiuri faseulebebiT, aseve `dominanturi kulturis~ wesebiT; mxedvelobaSi iRebs ra, saorganizacio komitetebisa da evropis sabWos mTavrobaTaSoris TanamSromlobaSi CarTuli sxva komitetebis mimarT ministrTa komitetis mier adamianTa Tanaswori uflebebisa da Rirsebis, maT Soris lesboseli, gei, biseqsuali da transgenderi pirebis Sesaxeb 2008 wlis 2 ivliss miRebul Setyobinebasa da Sesabamis rekomendaciebs; iTvaliswinebs ra, seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis Sesaxeb evropis sabWos saparlamento asambleas mier 1981 wlidan miRebul rekomendaciebs da `lesboselebis, geebis, biseqsualebisa da transgenderi pirebis Sekrebisa da gamoxatvis Tavisuflebis Sesaxeb~ (2007) evropis sabWos regionaluri da adgilobrivi xelisuflebis kongresis 211-e rekomendacias;
34

madlieria ra, wevr saxelmwifoebSi seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT diskriminaciis sakiTxSi lesboseli, gei, biseqsuali da transgenderi pirebis mdgomareobis monitoringisas adamianis uflebaTa komisaris roliT; mxedvelobaSi iRebs ra, gaeros generaluri asambleas 66 saxelmwifos mier 2008 wlis 18 dekembers miRebul saerTo gancxadebas, romelmac dagmo seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT ganxorcielebuli adamianis uflebaTa darRvevebi, rogorebica mkvlelobebi, wameba, TviTneburi dakaveba da `ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis, maT Soris janmrTelobis uflebis SezRudva~. xazs usvams ra, rom seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis safuZvelze ganxorcielebuli diskriminacia da socialuri gariyva SesaZloa yvelaze ukeT daiZlios iseTi saSualebebiT, romlebic mimarTulia rogorc aseTi diskriminaciisa da gariyvis msxverplis, aseve zogadad saerTo mosaxleobis mimarT; rekomendacia wevr saxelmwifoebs: 1. Seamowmon arsebuli sakanonmdeblo da sxva zomebi, gadaxedon maT, Seagrovon da gaanalizon Sesabamisi monacemebi, raTa moxdes seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis safuZvelze ganxorcielebuli pirdapiri da arapirdapiri diskriminaciis monitoringi da masze reagireba; 2. sakanonmdeblo da sxva zomebis miRebiTa da maTi efeqturi implementaciiT ebrZolon diskriminacias seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niadagze, uzrunvelyon lesboseli, gei, biseqsuali da transgenderi pirebis adamianis uflebebis mimarT pativiscema da xeli Seuwyon maT mimarT Semwynareblobas. 3. uzrunvelyon diskriminaciis msxverplTa aRWurva efeqturi samarTlebrivi dacvis saSualebebis codniT da maTi gamoyenebis SesaZleblobiT erovnuli xelisuflebis doneze. aseve uzrunvelyon, rom diskriminaciis winaaRmdeg arsebuli saSualebebi, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, moicavdes damrRvevebis mimarT sanqciebs da diskriminaciis msxverplTaTvis adekvatur anazRaurebas; 4. kanonmdeblobis, politikisa da praqtikis SemuSavebisas ixelmZRvanelon am rekomendaciis danarTSi miTiTebuli principebiTa da zomebiT; 5. uzrunvelyon am rekomendaciisa da misi danarTis Targmna da gavrceleba rac SeiZleba farTod Sesabamisi saSualebebiTa da moqmedebebiT.

35

CM/Rec(2010)5 rekomendaciis danarTi

I.

sicocxlis, usafrTxoebisa da Zaladobisagan dacvis ufleba

A. danaSauli siZulvilis niadagze da siZulviliT motivirebuli sxva SemTxvevebi 1. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda uzrunvelyon msxverplis seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis safuZvelze Cadenili savaraudo danaSaulis SemTxvevebisa da sxva incidentebis dros efeqturi, swrafi da miukerZoebeli gamoZieba; wevrma saxelmwifoebma aseve unda uzrunvelyon, rom gansakuTrebuli yuradReba mieqces samarTaldamcavi organoebis an sajaro uflebamosilebis farglebSi moqmedi sxva pirebis mier savaraudod Cadenili danaSaulebebis gamoZiebas, damnaSaveebis efeqtur gasamarTlebas da saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi maT dasjas, raTa Tavidan iqnas aridebuli dausjelobis sindromi. 2. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda uzrunvelyon, rom sasjelis gansazRvrisas, seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis motivi mxedvelobaSi iqnas miRebuli rogorc damamZimebeli garemoeba. 3. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon saTanado zomebi, raTa seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT Cadenili siZulvilis danaSaulebisa da sxva siZulviliT motivirebuli SemTxvevebis msxverplebma da TviTmxilvelebma ganacxadon maT Sesaxeb; aRniSnuli mizniT, wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon yvela SesaZlo zoma, raTa samarTaldamcav struqturebs, maT Soris sasamarTlo sistemas, gaaCndes aseTi danaSaulebebisa da incidentebis identificirebisa da msxverplTa da mowmeTa daxmarebisa da mxardaWerisTvis aucilebeli codna da unarebi. 4. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon saTanado zomebi, raTa uzrunvelyon sapatimro dawesebulebebSi an sxvagvarad TavisuflebaaRkveTili pirebis, maT Soris lesboseli, gei, biseqsuali da transgenderi adamianebis usafrTxoeba da Rirsebis dacva; kerZod, unda miiRon damcavi zomebi aRniSnuli pirebis misamarTiT ganxorcielebuli fizikuri Seuracxyofis, gaupatiurebis da sxva saxis seqsualuri Zaladobis winaaRmdeg, imis miuxedavad Tu vis mieraa es Cadenili: sxva patimrebis Tu dawesebulebis personalis mier; aseTi zomebi unda ganxorcieldes imgvarad, rom adekvaturad daculi da pativcemuli iyos transgender pirTa genderuli identoba. 5. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda uzrunvelyon seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis safuZvelze diskriminaciis da Seuwynareblobis gavrcelebis da aRniSnuli saxis diskriminaciisa da Seuwynareblobis bunebis Sesaxeb Sesabamisi monacemebis Sekreba da gaanalizeba; ufro konkretulad, unda Segrovdes informacia seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis safuZvelze Cadenili siZulviliT motivirebuli danaSaulebebisa da sxva incidentebis Sesaxeb. B. `siZulvilis ena~ 6. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon Sesabamisi zomebi gamoxatvis iseTi formebis winaaRmdeg, maT Soris masmediasa da internet sivrceSi, romelmac SesaZloa gei, biseqsuali da transgenderi pirebis mimarT siZulvilis an diskriminaciis sxvagvari formis gamowvevis, gavrcelebis an xelSewyobis provocireba moaxdinos. aseTi `siZulvilis ena~ sajarod unda iyos akrZaluli da dagmobili. yvela miRebulma zomam pativi unda sces gamoxatvis fundamentur uflebas konvenciis me-10 muxlisa da sasamarTlos precedentuli samarTlis Sesabamisad. 7. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda aamaRlon xelisuflebisa da sajaro institutebis warmomadgenelTa cnobiereba, maTi pasuxismgeblobis yvela doneze, raTa maT Tavi Seikavon iseTi gancxadebebisgan, maT Soris masmediis misamarTiT gakeTebuli gancxadebebisgan, romlebic SeiZleba aRqmuli iqnas rogorc siZulvilis an diskriminaciis legitimacia.
36

8. sajaro moxeleebi da xelisuflebis sxva warmomadgenlebi unda waxalisdnen, raTa samoqalaqo sazogadoebasTan, maT Soris masmediasa da sportul organizaciebTan, politikuri da religiuri Temebis warmomadgenlebTan dialogis dros xeli Seuwyon lesboseli, gei, biseqsuali da transgenderi adamianis mimarT Semwynareblobisa da maTi uflebebis pativiscemis danergvas.

II. gaerTianebis Tavisufleba

9. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon yvela zoma, gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis efeqturad gamoyenebis uzrunvelsayofad konvenciis me-11 muxlis Sesabamisad seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT diskriminaciis gareSe, kerZod, diskriminaciuli administraciuli procedurebi, maT Soris gaerTianebis registraciisTvis da praqtikuli funqcionirebisTvis saWiro zedmeti formalobebi Tavidan unda iyos acilebuli da gauqmebuli; aseve, wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon yvela zoma samarTlebrivi da administraciuli wesebis, maT Soris sazogadoebriv janmTelobasTan, sazogadoebis moralTan da sazogadoebriv wesrigTan dakavSirebuli SezRudvebis borotad gamoyenebis winaaRmdeg. 10.arasamTavrobo organizaciebis xelmisawvdomoba saxelmwifo/sajaro dafinansebaze garantirebuli unda iqnes seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT diskriminaciis gareSe. 11.wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon Sesabamisi zomebi lesboseli, gei, biseqsuali da transgenderi adamianebis uflebebisTvis mebrZolTa dasacavad maT winaaRmdeg mimarTuli agresiisgan da mtrobisgan, maT Soris, savaraudod saxelmwifos warmomadgenlebis mier ganxorcielebuli qmedebebisgan, raTa adamianis uflebadamcvelebis dacvisa da maTi saqmianobis mxardaWeris gaumjobesebis Sesaxeb evropis sabWos ministrTa komitetebis deklaraciis Tanaxmad, adamianis uflebadamcvelebma SeZlon Tavisuflad moqmedeba. 12.wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda uzrunvelyon saTanado konsultaciis gavla lesboseli, gei, biseqsuali da transgenderi adamianebis uflebadamcvel arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan iseTi zomebis miRebisas da ganxorcielebisas, romlebmac SesaZloa gavlena iqonios lesboseli, gei, biseqsuali da transgenderi adamianebis mdgomareobaze.

III. gamoxatvisa da mSvidobiani Sekrebis Tavisufleba

13. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon Sesabamisi zomebi, raTa uzrunvelyon konvenciis me-10 muxlis Tanaxmad gamoxatvis Tavisuflebis efeqturi gamoyeneba seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis safuZvelze diskriminaciis gareSe. maT Soris, seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis Sesaxeb informaciis miRebisa da gavrcelebis Tavisufleba. 14. wevrma saxelmwifoebma saerTaSoriso, erovnul da adgilobriv doneze unda miiRon Sesabamisi zomebi, raTa uzrunvelyon konvenciis me-11 muxlis Tanaxmad mSvidobiani Sekrebis TavisuflebiT sargebloba seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT diskriminaciis gareSe. 15. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda uzrunvelyon, rom samarTaldamcavma organoebma miiRon Sesabamisi zomebi lesboseli, gei, biseqsuali da transgenderi adamianebis uflebebisTvis gamarTuli mSvidobiani demonstraciis monawileebis dasacavad, aRniSnuli demonstraciis ukanono Sewyvetis an Sekrebis TavisuflebiT sargeblobaSi xelis SeSlis mcdelobebis aRsakveTad. 16. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon Sesabamisi zomebi, raTa Tavidan aicilon gamoxatvisa da mSvidobiani Sekrebis Tavisuflebis SezRudva, romelic gamowveuli iqneba samarTlebrivi da administraciuli debulebebis, rogoricaa sazogadoebrivi janmrTeloba, morali da wesrigi, borotad gamoyenebiT.
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17. xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebs yvela doneze unda moewodos, rom sajarod dagmon, gansakuTrebiT masmediaSi, gamoxatvis Tavisuflebisa da mSvidobiani Sekrebis individualur da jgufur uflebaSi nebismieri arakanonieri Careva, gansakuTrebiT roca es exeba adamianis uflebebs lesboselebis, geebis, biseqsualebsa da transgenderebTan mimarTebaSi.

IV. piradi da ojaxuri cxovrebis pativiscemis ufleba

18. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda uzrunvelyon srulwlovan pirebs Soris erTsqesiani nebayoflobiTi seqsualuri kavSiris sisxlis samarTlebrivad amkrZalavi yvelanairi diskriminaciuli kanonmdeblobis gauqmeba, maT Soris iseTi kanonmdeblobisa, romelic gansxvavebulad gansazRvravs Tanxmobis asaks erTsqesiani da heteroseqsualuri aqtebisTvis; garda amisa, wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon Sesabamisi zomebi, raTa uzrunvelyon im sisxlis samarTlis debulebebis gauqmeba, Secvla an antidiskriminaciul principTan Sesabamisad ganmarteba, romlebic formulirebis gamo SesaZloa diskriminaciuli kuTxiT iqnan gamoyenebulni. 19. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda uzrunvelyon, rom ar moxdes pirovnebis seqsualur orientaciasTan an genderul identobasTan dakavSirebuli piradi informaciis Segroveba, Senaxva da sajaro dawesebulebebis mier sxvagvarad gamoyeneba, gansakuTrebiT samarTaldamcavi organoebis mier, garda im SemTxvevebisa, rodesac es aucilebelia gansakuTrebuli, kanoniT gansazRvruli da legitimuri miznis misaRwevad; arsebuli Canawerebi, romlebic mocemul principebs ar Seesabameba, unda ganadgurdes. 20. moTxovnebi, romelTa Sesruleba savaldebuloa sqesis iuridiuli aRiarebisTvis, maT Soris moTxovnebi, romlebic exeba fizikuri xasiaTis cvlilebebs, regularulad unda iqnas gadaxedili, arahumanur moTxovnaTa gauqmebis mizniT. 21. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon Sesabamisi zomebi, raTa cxovrebis yvela sferoSi moaxdinon piris sqesis Secvlis sruli samarTlebrivi aRiareba; kerZod, wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda SesaZlebeli gaxadon oficialur dokumentebSi saxelisa da sqesis Secvla swrafi, gamWvirvale da advilad xelmisawvdomi gziT; wevrma saxelmwifoebma aseve unda uzrunvelyon, saWiroebis mixedviT, arasaxelmwifo erTeulebis mier Secvlili sqesis da aRniSnulTan dakavSirebiT ganxorcielebuli sxva cvlilebebis Sesabamisi aRiareba iseT ZiriTad dokumentebSi, rogoricaa ganaTlebis damadasturebeli diplomi an Sromis wignaki. 22. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon yvela SesaZlo zoma raTa me-20 da 21-e paragrafebis Sesabamisad ganxorcielebuli sqesis Secvlis proceduris dasrulebisa da samarTlebrivi aRiarebis Semdgom, uzrunvelyon transgenderi adamianis mier misi axali sqesis sapirispiro sqesis warmomadgenelTan qorwinebis uflebis realuri gamoyeneba. 23. erovnuli kanonmdeblobis mier qorwinebaSi armyofi pirebisTvis uflebebisa da valdebulebebis miniWebis SemTxvevaSi, wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda uzrunvelyon, rom aRniSnuli diskriminaciis gareSe moicavdes rogorc erTsqesian, aseve sxvadasxvasqesian wyvilebs, maT Soris cocxlad darCenili partnioris sapensio da saijaro uflebebiT sargeblobis gaTvaliswinebiT. 24. erovnuli kanonmdeblobis mier registrirebuli erTsqesiani partniorobis aRiarebis SemTxvevaSi, wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda uzrunvelyon, rom maTi samarTlebrivi statusi, uflebebi da valdebulebebi Sesabamis situaciaSi Tanaswori iyos heteroseqsuali wyvilebis samarTlebriv statusTan, uflebebTan da valdebulebebTan. 25. Tuki erovnuli kanonmdebloba ar aRiarebs da ar aniWebs uflebebsa da valdebulebebs registrirebul erTsqesian partniorebs da dauqorwinebel wyvilebs, wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda gaiTvaliswinon erTsqesiani wyvilebis samarTlebrivi da sxva saxis saSualebebiT uzrunvelyofis SesaZlebloba, raTa aRniSnuli wyvilebi gaumklavdnen yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi
38

socialuri realobiT gamowveul praqtikul problemebs; aRniSnuli zomebi unda ganxorcildes diskriminaciis gareSe, maT Soris sxvadasxva sqesis wyvilebis mimarT diskriminaciis gareSe. 26. imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom mSoblis uflebasTan da meurveobasTan dakavSirebuli gadawyvetilebis miRebisas ZiriTadi faqtori unda iyos bavSvis saukeTeso interesi, wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda uzrunvelyon, rom gadawyvetilebebis miReba moxdes seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT diskriminaciis gareSe. 27. imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom bavSvis saukeTeso interesi unda iyos ZiriTadi faqtori Svilad ayvanasTan dakavSirebiT gadawyvetilebis miRebisas, wevrma saxelmwifoebma, romelTa erovnuli kanonmdebloba martoxela pirebs Svilad ayvanis uflebas aZlevs, unda uzrunvelyon, rom Sesabamisi kanonis gamoyeneba moxdes seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT diskriminaciis gareSe. 28. Tuki erovnuli kanonmdebloba martoxela qalebs xelovnuri reproduqciuli Carevis saSualebas aZlevs, wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda uzrunvelyon, rom aRniSnuli procedura seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT diskirminaciis gareSe ganxorcieldes.

V. dasaqmeba
29. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon Sesabamisi zomebi, raTa sajaro da kerZo seqtorSi SromiTi urTierTobebi Tavisufali iyos diskriminaciisgan seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis safuZvelze. aRniSnulma zomebma unda moicvas dasaqmebis da dawinaurebis xelmisawvdomobis pirobebi, gaTavisufleba, gasamrjelos gadaxda da samuSaosTan dakavSirebuli sxva pirobebi, maT Soris Seviwroebisa da viqtimizaciis sxva formebis prevencia, maT winaaRmdeg brZola da aRniSnul qmedebaTa Camdeni pirebis dasja. 30. gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda daeTmos transgenderi adamianis piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxeblobis uflebis dacvas dasaqmebis konteqstSi; kerZod, dasaqmebis aplikaciebis Sevsebisas Tavidan unda iqnas acilebuli transgenderTa genderuli istoriis an maTi wina saxelis damsaqmeblisadmi da sxva dasaqmebulebisadmi realuri saWiroebis gareSe xelmisawvdomoba.

VI. ganaTleba
31. bavSvis upiratesi interesis gaTvaliswinebiT, wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon Sesabamisi sakanonmdeblo da sxva zomebi, romlebic mimarTuli iqneba saganmanaTleblo personalisa da moswavleebis mimarT da romelTa meSveobiTac uzrunvelyofili iqneba ganaTlebis uflebiT efeqturi sargebloba seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT diskriminaciis gareSe; aRniSnuli unda moicavdes usafrTxo garemoSi bavSvebisa da axalgazrdebis ganaTlebis uflebas, romelic Tavisufali iqneba Zaladobisagan, bulingisgan, socialuri gariyulobisgan, diskriminaciisa da damamcirebeli mopyrobis sxva formebisgan seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis safuZvelze. 32. bavSvis upiratesi interesis gaTvaliswinebiT, Sesabamisi zomebi unda iqnas miRebuli skolebSi urTierTSemwynareblobisa da pativiscemis mxaradasaWerad miuxedavad seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobisa. aRniSnuli unda moicavdes seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis Sesaxeb obieqturi informaciis miwodebas gegmebsa da saganmanaTleblo masalebSi. aRniSnuli aseve unda moicavdes moswavleTa da studentTa aucilebeli informaciiT, dacviTa da mxadaWeriT uzrunvelyofas, raTa maT SeZlon maTi seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis Sesabamisad cxovreba. garda amisa, wevr saxelmwifoebs SeuZliaT Seadginon da ganaxorcielon Tanasworobisa da usafrTxoebis saskolo politika da samoqmedo gegma. wevr saxelmwifoebs aseve SeuZliaT uzrunvelyon diskriminaciis sawinaaRmdego adekvaturi
39

Treiningebisa Tu sxva saxis mxardaWerisa da saswavlo masalebis xelmisawvdomoba. aRniSnul zomebSi gaTvaliswinebuli unda iqnas mSobelTa ufleba bavSvebis ganaTlebasTan dakavSirebiT.

VII. jandacva
33. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon Sesabamisi sakanonmdeblo da sxva zomebi, raTa umaRlesi xarisxis xelmisawvdomi jandacvis sistemiT sargebloba moxdes seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT diskriminaciis gareSe; kerZod, wevrma saxelmwifoebma mxedvelobaSi unda miiRon lesboseli, gei, biseqsuali da transgenderi pirebis specialuri saWiroebebi erovnuli janmrTelobis gegmebis, maT Soris suicidis prevenciis zomebis, janmrTelobis gamokiTxvebis, samedicino kurikulumebis, saswavlo kursebisa da masalebis Seqmnisas. wevrma saxelmwifoebma aseve unda miiRon mxedvelobaSi lesboseli, gei, biseqsuali da transgenderi pirebis specialuri saWiroebebi jandacvis servisebis monitoringisas da Sefasebisas. 34. unda iqnas miRebuli Sesabamisi zomebi raTa msoflio jandacvis organizaciis standartebis Tanaxmad, ar moxdes homoseqsualobis daavadebad klasifikacia. 35. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon Sesabamisi zomebi, raTa uzrunvelyon transgenderi adamianebisaTvis sqesis Secvlis momsaxurebis efeqturi xelmisawvdomoba, romelic Tavisufali iqneba aragonivruli moTxovnebisagan. servisebis xelmisawvdomoba unda moicavdes transgenderTa jandacvis sferoSi arsebul fsiqologiur, endokrinologiur da qirurgiul momsaxurebas. arc erT adamians ar unda Cautardes sqesis Secvlis procedura misi Tanxmobis gareSe. 36. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon Sesabamisi sakanonmdeblo da sxva zomebi raTa uzrunvelyon, rom janmrTelobis dazRvevis mier sqesis Secvlis procedurebisTvis gamoyofili Tanxis Semamcirebeli nebismieri gadawyvetileba iyos kanonieri, obieqturi da proporciuli.

VIII. sacxovrebeli
37. Sesabamisi zomebi unda iqnas miRebuli raTa saTanado sacxovreblis ufleba efeqturad da Tanasworad xelmisawvdomi iyos yvela adamianisTvis seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT diskriminaciis gareSe. aRniSnuli zomebi mimarTuli unda iyos diskriminaciuli gamosaxlebebisgan Tavdacvisa da miwisa da sxva sakuTrebis SesaZenad da SesanarCuneblad Tanaswori uflebebis uzrunvelyofisken. 38. Sesabamisi yuradReba unda daeTmos lesboseli, gei, biseqsuali da transgenderi adamianebis usaxlkarod darCenis riskebs, maT Soris axalgazrdebsa da bavSvebs, romlebic gansakuTrebiT mowyvladi arian socialuri marginalizaciis, maT Soris maTive ojaxebis mxridan gariyulobis gamo. am mxriv, diskriminaciis gareSe, TiToeuli individis saWiroebis obieqtur Sefasebaze dayrdnobiT, Sesabamisi socialuri momsaxureba unda iqnas uzrunvelyofili.

IX. sporti
39. sportSi homofobia, transfobia da seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT diskriminacia, rasizmisa da diskriminaciis sxva formebis msgavsad, miuRebelia da aucilebelia mis winaaRmdeg brZola. 40. sportuli RonisZiebebi da obieqtebi yvelasaTvis xelmisawvdomi unda iyos maT Soris seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT diskriminaciis gareSe; kerZod, miRebuli unda iqnas efeqturi zomebi, raTa Tavidan iqnas acilebuli seqsualuri orientaciisa
40

da genderuli identobis niSniT diskriminacia sportuli RonisZiebebis ganmavlobaSi da sportul RonisZiebebTan dakavSirebiT. aseve, aseTi faqtebis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi aRniSnul faqtze reagirebisa da sasjelis gansaxorcieleblad. 41. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda waaxalison sportul gaerTianebebTan da gulSematkivarTa klubebTan dialogi da mxari dauWiron maT, raTa sportulma gaerTianebebma da gulSematkivarTa klubebma moaxerxon sportSi lesboseli, gei, biseqsuali da transgenderi adamianebis diskriminaciis winaaRmdeg cnobierebis asamaRlebeli RonisZiebebis Catareba da aRniSnuli jgufis mimarT Seuwynarebeli gamosvlebis dagmoba.

X. TavSesafris Ziebis ufleba

42. saerTaSoriso valdebulebis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi, wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda aRiaron, rom seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT devnis kargad dasabuTebuli safrTxe SesaZloa warmoadgendes erovnuli kanonmdeblobiT ltolvilis statusisa da TavSesafris miniWebis marTebul safuZvels. 43. wevrma saxelmwifoebma gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda miaqcion, raTa ar moxdes TavSesafris maZieblebis gagzavna iseT qveyanaSi, sadac maT sicocxles an Tavisuflebas safrTxe daemuqreba maTi seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis gamo, an sadac isini seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis gamo iqnebian wamebis, araadamianuri an damamcirebeli mopyrobis an sasjelis riskis qveS. 44. TavSesafris maZieblebi daculni unda iyvnen yvela saxis diskriminaciuli politikisa da praqtikisgan; kerZod, Sesabamisi zomebi unda iqnas miRebuli fizikuri Zaladobis riskis Tavidan asacileblad, maT Soris TavisuflebaaRkveTili TavSesafris maZieblebis mimarT ganxorcielebuli seqsualuri Zaladobis, sityvieri agresiis da Seviwroebis sxvagvari formebis Tavidan asacileblad. garda amisa, wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda uzrunvelyon TavSesafris maZieblebisTvis maTive konkretul SemTxvevebTan dakavSirebuli informaciis xelmisawvdomoba.

XI. adamianis uflebaTa dacvis erovnuli institutebi

45. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda uzrunvelyon, rom adamianis uflebadamcav struqturebs hqondeT seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT diskirminaciis ganxilvis uflebamosileba; kerZod maT unda SeeZloT sakanonmdeblo da politikis rekomendaciebis SemuSaveba, sazogadoebis cnobierebis amaRlebaze muSaoba, xolo erovnuli kanonmdeblobis mier daSvebis SemTxvevaSi, sajaro da kerZo seqtoris individualuri saCivrebis ganxilva, sasamarTlo saqmiswarmoebis inicireba da aRniSnul saqmiswarmoebaSi monawileobis miReba.

XII. diskriminacia mravaljeradi niSniT

46. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon zomebi, raTa uzrunvelyon, rom erovnul kanonmdeblobaSi diskriminaciis amkrZalavi da diskriminaciis xelis SemSleli samarTlebrivi debulebebi aseve krZalavdnen mravaljerad diskriminacias, maT Soris seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis safuZvelze; erovnul uflebadamcav dawesebulebebs unda gaaCndeT farTo mandati, raTa SeZlon aRniSnul sakiTxebTan gamklaveba.

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danarTi # 2. detaluri angariSi

rekomendacia 1. Seamowmon arsebuli sakanonmdeblo da sxva zomebi, gadaxedon maT, Seagrovon da gaanalizon Sesabamisi monacemebi, raTa moxdes seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis safuZvelze ganxorcielebuli pirdapiri da arapirdapiri diskriminaciis monitoringi da masze reagireba; 1.1. moxda Tu ara arsebuli sakanonmdeblo da sxva saSualebebis gadaxedva, romelsac SeeZlo gamoewvia pirdapiri an arapirdapiri diskriminacia (a) seqsualuri orientaciis an (b) genderuli identobis safuZvelze? 1.2. muSaobs Tu ara arsebiTi monacemebis Segrovebisa da analizis sistemebi da gamoiyeneba Tu ara isini pirdapiri da arapirdapiri diskriminaciis SemTxvevebis monitoringisaTvis (a) seqsualuri orientaciisa da (b) genderuli identobis safuZvelze?74 1.3. arsebobs Tu ara procesebi, romelic uzrunvelyofs aseTi saxiT gamovlenili diskriminaciis aRmofxvras? iusticiis saministros werilSi miTiTebulia, rom saministros Sesabamisi departamentebi, saerTaSoriso sajaro samarTlis departamenti, samarTalSemoqmedebiTi departamenti da analitikuri departamenti uwyvet reJimSi axorcielebs kanonmdeblobis evropuli standartebisadmi Sesabamisobis Taobaze monitorings.7576 gaurkvevelia, Tu rogoria msgavsi monitoringis Sedegebi seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderul identobaze dafuZnebuli diskriminaciis TvalsazrisiT da hqonia Tu ara adgili, an igegmeba Tu ara raime qmedeba am monitoringis Sedegebze dayrdnobiT. 2. sakanonmdeblo da sxva zomebis miRebiTa da maTi efeqturi implementaciiT ebrZolon diskriminacias seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niadagze, uzrunvelyon lesboseli, gei, biseqsuali da transgenderi pirebis adamianis uflebebis mimarT pativiscema da xeli Seuwyon maT mimarT Semwynareblobas. 2.1. dainerga Tu ara antidiskriminaciuli kanonmdebloba (a) seqsualuri orientaciisa da (b) genderuli identobis safuZvelze Semdeg sferoebSi: dasaqmeba, socialuri uzrunvelyofa da jandacva, ganaTleba, momsaxurebasa da servisebze, maT Soris sacxovrebelze xelmisawvdomoba? saqarTvelom miiRo garkveuli sakanonmdeblo aqtebi, romlebic mkafiod krZalaven diskriminacias seqsualuri orientaciis da/an genderuli identobis safuZvelze.77 Sromis kodeqsi da kanoni pacientTa uflebebis Sesaxeb am mxriv specialur moxseniebas imsaxureben. miuxedavad amisa, es sakanonmdeblo aqtebi jer kidev Seicaven xarvezebs da/an maT akliaT ganxorcielebis Zlieri meqanizmebi, ris gamoc ver xerxdeba maTi lgbt pirebis diskriminaciis winaaRmdeg brZolis praqtikaSi efeqturad gamoyeneba. zogadad SeiZleba iTqvas, rom saqarTveloSi `lgbt pirebi xSirad heteroseqsualebTan SedarebiT uTanasworo mdgomareobaSi imyofebian; zog SemTxvevaSi kanoni ar aris pirdapir diskriminaciuli, Tumca, praqtikaSi
74 garda sazogadoebis azris gamokiTxvisa da statistikisa siZulvilis safuZvelze Cadenili danaSaulebis Sesaxeb, es unda moicavdes Tanasworobis uzrunvelmyof erovnul organoebSi Setanil saCivrebs da sasamarTlos verdiqtebs. 75 Tumca, werili zustad ar gansazRvravs, ra igulisxmeba `evropul standartebSi~, anu aris es `evropis adamianis uflebaTa konvenciis~ Sesabamisad SemoRebuli standartebi, evropis kanonmdeblobis standartebi, Tu orive erTad. werili agreTve ar gansazRvravs, xorcieldeba Tu ara damatebiTi monitoringi gaeros Sesabamisi dokumentebis mier dawesebul standartebTan Sesabamisobis Taobaze. 76 saqarTvelos iusticiis saministros sapasuxo werili, N.26948, TariRi: 26.06.2012. 77 kvleva homofobiis, transfobiis da seqsualuri orientaciis da genderuli identobis safuZvelze diskriminaciis Sesaxeb. samarTlebrivi analizi: saqarTvelo. damoukidebeli mkvlevari ana nacvliSvili. COWI. 2010. gv. 3. bmuli: http:// www.coe.int/t/commissioner/source/lgbt/georgialegal_e.pdf

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mis gamoyenebas mivyavarT diskriminaciul Sedegebamde, rac zians ayenebs lgbt adamianebs~.78 ganaTlebis sferoSi Sesabamisi kanonmdebloba diskriminacias zogadad krZalavs, Tumca, diskriminaciis akrZalvis safuZvlebi konkretulad ar moicavs seqsualur orientacias/genderuli identobas. 2.2. dainerga Tu ara erTiani, Tanmimdevruli strategia grZelvadiani saganmanaTleblo da cnobierebis amaRlebis programebi, romelic mimarTulia sazogadoebaSi diskriminaciuli an mikerZoebuli damokidebulebebis, winaswarganwyobebis, moqalaqeTa qcevisa da stereotipebis koreqciisaken? ara. 3. uzrunvelyon diskriminaciis msxverplTa aRWurva efeqturi samarTlebrivi dacvis saSualebebis codniT da maTi gamoyenebis SesaZleblobiT erovnuli xelisuflebis doneze. aseve uzrunvelyon, rom diskriminaciis winaaRmdeg arsebuli saSualebebi, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, moicavdes damrRvevebis mimarT sanqciebs da diskriminaciis msxverplTaTvis adekvatur anazRaurebas; 3.1. arsebobs Tu ara saxelwifo doneze (a) seqsualuri orientaciis an (b) genderuli identobis safuZvelze diskriminaciis msxverplTa samarTlebrivi dacvis efeqturi saSualebebi? ara. 3.2. aris Tu ara es saSualebebi efeqturi, proporciuli da qmediTi? nebismiers, maT Soris im pirebsac, vinc diskriminaciis msxverplia seqsualuri orientaciis da genderuli identobis safuZvelze, Tanabrad miuwvdebaT xeli sasamarTloze. maT agreTve SeuZliaT saCivari Seitanon saxalxo damcvelis ofisSi an mimarTon samarTaldamcav organoebs da mosTxovon maTi mandatebis farglebSi Sesabamisi qmedebebis ganxorcieleba. msxverpls agreTve SeuZlia moiTxovos kompensacia samoqalaqo procedurebis gavliT. es ukanaskneli, yvelaze xSirad, materialuri da moraluri zaralis asanazRaureblad gamoiyeneba. 3.4 saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi moicavs Tu ara arsebuli saSualebebi adekvatur anazRaurebas diskriminaciis msxverplTaTvis? ara. 4. kanonmdeblobis, politikisa da praqtikis SemuSavebisas ixelmZRvanelon am rekomendaciis danarTSi miTiTebuli principebiTa da zomebiT; 5. uzrunvelyon am rekomendaciisa da misi danarTis Targmnadagavrcelebarac SeiZleba farTod Sesabamisi saSualebebiTa da moqmedebebiT. 5.1. ra nabijebi gadaidga rekomendaciisa da misi danarTis maqsimalurad farTod gavrcelebis uzrunvelsayofad? am mimarTulebiT gadadgmuli nabijebis Sesaxeb informacia xelmisawvdomi ar aris. 5.2. iTargmna Tu ara rekomendacia da misi danarTi? rekomendaciisa da misi danarTis Targmna da gavrceleba ar momxdara. 5.3. gavrcelda Tu ara isini: lesbosel, gei, biseqsual da transgender sazogadoebaSi? saxelisuflebo organoebSi? samarTaldamcav struqturebSi, maT Soris sasamarTlo da penitencialur sistemaSi? adamianis uflebaTa dacvis saxelmwifo organoebSi, (maT Soris, Tanasworobis sakiTxebze momuSave)? ganaTlebis sistemaSi? jandacvis sistemaSi? saxelmwifo da kerZo seqtoris warmomadgenlebSi, TanamSromlebsa da damsaqmeblebSi? masmediaSi? Sesabamis arasamTavrobo organizaciebSi?
78 iqve.

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I.
A.

sicocxlis, usafrTxoebisa da Zaladobisagan dacvis ufleba

danaSauli siZulvilis niadagze da siZulviliT motivirebuli sxva SemTxvevebi

1. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda uzrunvelyon msxverplis seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis safuZvelze Cadenili savaraudo danaSaulis SemTxvevebisa da sxva incidentebis dros efeqturi, swrafi da miukerZoebeli gamoZieba; wevrma saxelmwifoebma aseve unda uzrunvelyon, rom gansakuTrebuli yuradReba mieqces samarTaldamcavi organoebis an sajaro uflebamosilebis farglebSi moqmedi sxva pirebis mier savaraudod Cadenili danaSaulebebis gamoZiebas, damnaSaveebis efeqtur gasamarTlebas da saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi maT dasjas, raTa Tavidan iqnas aridebuli dausjelobis sindromi. 1.1. arsebobs Tu ara sakanonmdeblo zomebi siZulviliT motivirebuli danaSaulebebisa da siZulviliT motivirebuli SemTxvevebis aRmosafxvrelad? 1.1. saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba ar gansazRvravs siZulvilis safuZvelze Cadenil danaSauls da ar axdens mis kriminalizacias. Sedegad, ar arebobs oficialuri statistikuri monacemebi zogadad siZulvilis safuZvelze Cadenili danaSaulebis an amave safuZvelze lgbt pirebis mimarT Cadenili danaSaulebis Sesaxeb. 1.2. aRiarebs Tu ara es zomebi (a) seqsualur orientaciasa da (b) genderul identobas, rogorc msgavsi danaSaulisa da SemTxvevebis SesaZlo motivs? 1.2. ukanasknel dromde danaSaulis Cadena seqsualuri orientaciis/genderuli identobis gamo siZulvilis safuZvelze (eTnikuri an religiuri mosazrebebis gamo siZulvilisagan gansxvavebiT) ar iTvleboda damamZimebel garemoebad. Tumca, es xarvezi saTanadod iqna aRmofxvrili ukanaskneli sakanonmdeblo cvlilebiT79, romlis Sesabamisadac, damamZimebel garemoebaTa CamonaTvals seqsualuri orientaciis an genderuli identobis gamo siZulvilis safuZvelze Cadenili danaSaulebic daemata. [es sakiTxebi ufro dawvrilebiT ganixileba 2.1. paragrafSi.] 1.3. uzrunvelyofs Tu ara policiis TanamSromlebis swavleba imas, rom maT gaacnobieron ramdenad aucilebelia siZulviliT motivirebul danaSaulebebsa da SemTxvevebSi nebismieri saxis (a) homofobiuri an (b) transfobiuri konteqstis efeqturad, swrafad da miukerZoeblad gamovlena da gamoZieba, gansakuTrebiT roca saqme Zaladobas exeba. 1.3. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufis~ SekiTxvaze, uzrunvelyofs Tu ara policiis oficrebis Treiningi imis codnas, Tu rogor unda imoqmedon raTa swrafad, efeqturad da miukerZoeblad iqnas gamoZiebuli homofobiuri da transfobiuri konotaciebi danaSaulebebsa Tu darRvevebSi, Sinagan saqmeTa saministrom upasuxa, rom policiis oficrebi iReben sabaziso ganaTlebas adamianis uflebebis dacvis sakiTxebSi. iseve, rogorc gadian specialur Treiningebs siZulvilis safuZvelze Cadenili danaSaulebis gamoZiebis sakiTxebze, rac agreTve diskriminaciis sakiTxebsac moicavs. 2010 wlis noemberSi evrokavSiris TAIEX instrumentis farglebSi, Sss-s TanamSromlebs CautardaT Treiningi `siZulvilis niadagze Cadenili danaSauli da misi gamoZieba~. Treinings atarebdnen eqspertebi euTos demokratiisa da adamianis uflebTa ofisidan, aseve italiidan da didi britaneTidan.80 2011 wlidan, evrokavSiris dafinansebiT Sss policiis akademia axorcielebs proeqts, romlis erTerTi komponentia saxalxo damcvelis aparatis tolerantobis centris warmomadgenlebTan TanamSromlobiT, mTeli saqarTvelos masStabiT policielebisTvis Treiningebis cikli (sul 5 Treiningi, saqarTvelos 5 regionSi) `diskriminaciis dauSvebloba~. ciklis pirveli Treiningi Catarda 2012 wlis 4-5 ivniss. saTreiningo programa fokusirebuli iyo Semdeg sakiTxebze: saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobisa da saerTaSoriso samarTlis mimoxilva diskriminaciis kuTxiT; stereotipebi, diskriminacia, qsenofobia, rasizmi _ ganmartebebi da Sesabamisi magaliTebi; saqarTveloSi Seuwynaroblobis/ siZulvilis safuZvelze Cadenili qmedebebis amsaxveli qeisebi; adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sa79 saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 53-e muxlSi 2012 wlis 27 marts Setanili cvlileba. 80 saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros sapasuxo werili, N.640758, TariRi 18.05.2012.

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samarTlos Sesabamisi saqmeebi.81 proeqtis farglebSi aseve dagegmilia broSuris `diskriminaciis dauSvebloba~ gamocema da darigeba saqarTvelos masStabiT yvela policiis ganyofilebaSi.82 Tumca, unda aRiniSnos, rom arc broSura da arc saTreiningo programa ar Seicavs informacias evropis ministrTa sabWos rekomendaciebis Sesaxeb (CoM/Rec 2010(5)). Sinagan saqmeTa saministros werilis Tanaxmad, specifikuri Treiningebis garda, adamianis uflebebi Sedis policiis akademiis ZiriTad saswavlo kursSic. Sss akademiaSi mimdinare policiis sabaziso Treiningis programa iTvaliswinebs intensiur kurss adamianis uflebebis dacvisa da saqarTveloSi moqmedi kanonmdeblobisa da Sesabamisi saerTaSoriso meqanizmebis Sesaxeb. kurikulumis erT-erT mniSvnelovan aspeqts warmoadgens diskriminaciis dauSvebloba. sistematurad tardeba Treiningebi saerTaSoriso da adgilobriv organizaciebTan TanamSromlobiT. monawileebi ecnobian adamianis uflebaTa dacvis saerTo principebs, adamianis uflebaTa gansakuTrebul aspeqtebs, romelic gaTvaliswinebuli unda iqnas policiis muSaobaSi. maT Soris, diskriminaciis dauSveblobas. swavlebis procesSi calke yuradReba eTmoba policiis eTikis kodeqssa da sazogadoebaze orientirebul policias, rac moicavs urTierTobas sxvadasxva tipis umciresobebTan da am jgufebTan mimarTebaSi gasaTvaliswinebel faqtorebs, stereotipebis rRvevas da a.S.83 iusticiis saministros sapasuxo werilSi miTiTebulia, rom gansakuTrebuli yuradReba eTmoba relevanturi Treiningebis Catarebas adamianis uflebaTa dacvis sferoSi. mag. 2009 wels evropis sabWos mxardaWeriT prokurorebisa da gamomZieblebisTvis Catarda Treiningi Temaze `diskriminaciis akrZalva.84 aseve ojaxuri Zaladobis saqmeebis zedamxedvel prokurorebs yvela saolqo prokuraturaSi CautardaT Treiningi ojaxuri Zaladobis Sesaxeb, romelic moicavda genderuli diskriminaciis sakiTxebsac.85 werilSi aseve miTiTebulia, rom `iusticiis saswavlo centri~ sabaziso swavlebis farglebSi saministros TanamSromelTaTvis atarebs Treiningebs adamianis uflebaTa Temebze.86 1.4. arsebobs Tu ara damoukidebeli da efeqturi meqanizmi samarTaldamcavi organoebis Tanamdebobis pirTa mier Cadenili siZulviliT motivirebuli danaSaulebebis an siZulviliT motivirebuli SemTxvevebis Sesaxeb gancxadebebis misaRebad da gamosaZieblad, gansakuTrebiT iseT SemTxvevebSi, roca danaSaulis erT-erT motivs warmoadgens (a) seqsualuri orientacia an (b) genderuli identoba? 1.4. ar arsebobs specialuri ganyofileba, romelic konkretulad siZulvilis safuZvelze Cadenili danaSaulebis an siZulviliT motivirebuli incidentebis Sesaxeb gancxadebebs miiRebda an maT gamoiZebda, magram generaluri inspeqcia iZiebs Sss TanamSromelTa mier Cadenili samsaxurebrivi disciplinis darRvevis faqtebs. zogadad, samarTaldamcavTa muSaobis Sesaxeb Sinagan saqmeTa saministros werilSi naTqvamia, rom: `policiis sistemaSi ganxorcielebuli bolodroindeli reformebis Sedegad, gaZlierda samarTaldamcavi organoebis saqmianobis efeqtianoba; moxda policiis oficerTa mxridan dausjelobis sindromis aRmofxvra; adamianis uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebisadmi pativiscemis xelSewyoba~.87 Tumca, adgilobrivi da saerTaSoriso uflebadacviTi organizaciebi sxvagvarad afaseben am sakiTxs.88
81 iqve. 82 saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros akademiis sapasuxo werili, N.40/5-517, TariRi: 22.05.2012 83 iqve. 84 saqarTvelos iusticiis saministros sapasuxo werili, N.26948, TariRi: 26.06.2012. 85 iqve. 86 iqve. 87 saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros sapasuxo werili, N.640758, TariRi 18.05.2012. 88 mag.ix., Civil Georgia, 26 maisi.11 _ policias `gadametebuli Zalis gamoyenebis~ gamo akritikeben. bmuli: http://www.civil.

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msgavsi danaSaulis gacxadebis done policiaSi an zogadad samarTaldamcav struqturebSi Zalian dabalia. rogorc WISG-is mier CEDAW-Si warsadgenad momzadebul Crdilovan angariSSi aris aRniSnuli: `kvlevam gamoavlina, rom lbt qalebi nebismieri tipis Zaladobis dros, xSir SemTxvevaSi ar mimarTaven samarTaldamcvel organoebs, Tu mxardamWer organizaciebs~. rogorc eqspertTa umetesoba miiCnevs, sakvanZo problema am SemTxvevaSi aris ara sakanonmdeblo xarvezebi, aramed msxverplis SiSi sakuTari seqsualuri orientaciis gamJRavnebasTan dakavSirebiT, rac Tavis mxriv gamowveulia homofobiuri ganwyobis siWarbiT qarTul sazogadoebaSi.89 msgavsi suraTi gamoavlina lgbt diskriminaciis kvlevamac: bolo ori wlis ganmavlobaSi respodentTa TiTqmis mesameds (32%, N=48) erTxel mainc ganucdia fizikuri, xolo 89.93%-s (N=134) fsiqologiuri Zaladoba. 48 respodentidan, vinc fizikuri Zaladobis msxverpli gaxda, policias mxolod 12-ma (26,09%) mimarTa. im respodentTa 46.15%-i, vinc policias daxmarebisaTvis mimarTa aRniSna policiis mxridan homofobiuri damokidebuleba, 30%-s aqvs pozitiuri damokidebulebis gamocdileba, 23.08% ki saubrobs policielTa neitralur damokidebulebaze. mizezebi, ris gamoc Zaladobis msxverpli ar mimarTavs policias, Semdegnairad gadanawilda: 21,62% Tvlis, rom policia arafeqturad muSaobs, 29,73%,-s eSinia policielTa mxridan homofobiuri damokidebulebis, 27,03%-ma ar CaTvala faqti imdenad seriozulad, rom policiisaTvis miemarTa, 21.62%-ma ar daakonkreta pasuxi.90 2. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda uzrunvelyon, rom sasjelis gansazRvrisas, seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis motivi mxedvelobaSi iqnas miRebuli rogorc damamZimebeli garemoeba. 2.1. uzrunvelyofs Tu ara kanonmdebloba, rom mamoZravebeli motivi, romelic exeba (a) seqsualur orientaciasa da (b) genderul identobas gaTvaliswinebuli iyos sasjelis daniSvnis dros, rogorc damamZimebeli garemoeba? 2.1. saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 53-e muxlSi cota xnis win Setanili cvlileba gulisxmobs, rom msxverplis mimarT seqsualuri orientaciis an genderuli identurobis safuZvelze gamovlenili mikerZoebuli midgoma sanqciebis gansazRvrisas damamZimebel garemoebad CaiTvleba. cvlilebis mixedviT: `danaSaulis Cadena rasis, kanis feris, enis, sqesis, seqsualuri orientaciis, genderuli identobis, asakis, religiis, politikuri an sxva Sexedulebis, SezRuduli SesaZleblobis, moqalaqeobis, erovnuli, eTnikuri an socialuri kuTvnilebis, warmoSobis, qonebrivi an wodebrivi mdgomareobis, sacxovrebeli adgilis an diskriminaciis Semcveli sxva niSniT Seuwynareblobis motiviT aris pasuxismgeblobis damamZimebeli garemoeba am kodeqsiT gaTvaliswinebuli yvela Sesabamisi danaSaulisaTvis.91 3. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon saTanado zomebi, raTa seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT Cadenili siZulvilis danaSaulebisa da sxva siZulviliT motivirebuli SemTxvevebis msxverplebma da TviTmxilvelebma ganacxadon maT Sesaxeb; aRniSnuli mizniT, wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon yvela SesaZlo zoma, raTa samarTaldamcav struqturebs, maT Soris sasamarTlo sistemas, gaaCndes aseTi danaSaulebebisa da incidentebis identificirebisa da msxverplTa da mowmeTa daxmarebisa da mxardaWerisTvis aucilebeli codna da unarebi. 3.1. gavrcelda Tu ara sazogadoebaSi `siZulviliT motivirebuli danaSaulebebis~ martivi da gasagebi gansazRvreba, romelic moicavs iseT motivs, rogoricaa: (a) seqsualuri orientacia da (b) genderuli identoba?92
ge/eng/article.php?id=23532; ix.aseve HRIDC: Vanishing Rights : Behind the Faade, Georgia: Events of 2009, etc. 89 saqarTveloSi lbt qalTa mdgomareobis amsaxveli Crdilovani angariSi CEDAW komitetisaTvis. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufi~. WISG. Tbilisi, 2012. gv. 23-24, bmuli http://women.ge/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/WISG-LBTCEDAW-shadow-report_geo.pdf 90 lgbt adamianTa mdgomareoba saqarTveloSi. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufi~ (WISG). Tbilisi, 2012. 91 saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi. muxli.53(31) 92 mag. policiis vebgverdis an nabeWdi lifletebis saxiT.

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3.1. rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi mocemuli araa siZulviliT motivirebuli danaSaulis ganmarteba. 3.2. uzrunvelyofs Tu ara policiisa da mosamarTleTaTvis gaTvaliswinebuli saswavlo programebi im codnisa da unarebis dauflebas, romliTac isini moaxdenen msgavsi danaSaulebebisa da SemTxvevebis dadgenas, agreTve dazaralebulebisa da mowmeebis adekvatur daxmarebasa da mxardaWeras? 3.2. policiis TanamSromlebisTvis Catarebuli Treiningebis Sesaxeb ixileT pasuxi 1.3. mowmeTa dacvasTan dakavSirebiT, Sinagan saqmeTa saministros sapasuxo werilSi aRniSnulia: `saqarTveloSi 2006 wlidan xorcieldeba mowmeTa dacvis programa. 2010 wels gaeros narkotikebisa da danaSaulis ofisis (UNODC) daxmarebiT da aSS saelCos DOJ programis mxardaWeriT SemuSavda axali programa, romelic miznad isaxavs sisxlis samarTlis procesis monawileTa dacvas (maT Soris mowmeTa, dazaralebulTa da sxv.). programa SesabamisobaSia saqarTvelos axali sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis moTxovnebTan. Tavad programa saidumloa. 2010-2011 wlebSi, saerTaSoriso organizaciebis daxmarebiT, mowmeTa dacvis sakiTxisadmi miZRvnili araerTi Treiningi, samuSao Sexvedra da seminari Catarda~. 93 Tumca, rogorc Cans, es zogadad mowmeebis da ara konkretulad siZulviliT motivirebuli danaSaulis mowmeebis dacvisaken mimarTuli zomaa. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWer jgufs~ zemoaRniSnuli programis Sefasebis SesaZlebloba ar gaaCnia arc zogadad da arc lgbt pirebTan dakavSirebul incidentebTan mimarTebaSi. qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufisTvis~ ucnobia gadiodnen Tu ara mosamarTleebi igive tipis Treiningebs ukanasknel wlebSi. es SekiTxva iusticiis saministros gaegzavna, Tumca, maTi werili ar iZleoda am kiTxvaze konkretul pasuxs. 3.3. uzrunvelyofs Tu ara policiisa da mosamarTleTa swavlebis programebi da qcevis kodeqsebi lgbt jgufis wevrisadmi aradiskriminaciul da pativiscemiT mopyrobas, raTa am adamianebma usafrTxod igrZnon Tavi maTi (a) seqsualuri orientaciisa da (b) genderuli identobis miuxedavad da Seatyobinon maT mimarT siZulviliT motivirebuli danaSaulisa da SemTxvevebis Sesaxeb dazaralebulisa Tu mowmis saxiT? 3.3. Sss eTikis kodeqsSi94 xazgasmulia adamianis uflebebisadmi pativiscema, kanonis Sesabamisobasa da mis farglebSi moqmedeba, rac dafuZnebulia Tanasworobisa da samarTlianobis principebze. eTikis kodeqsSi gansakuTrebiT xazgasmulia policielis pasuxismgebloba, ixelmZRvanelos masze dakisrebuli amocanebis Sesrulebis dros miukerZoeblobis principiT da ar moaxdinos diskriminacia.95 Sinagan saqmeTa saministros akademiis werilSi xazgasmulia, rom: `swavlebis procesSi mniSvnelovani yuradReba eTmoba policiis eTikis kodeqss da sazogadoebaze orientirebul policias, rac moicavs urTierTobas sxvadasxva tipis umciresobebTan da am jgufebTan mimarTebaSi gasaTvaliswinebel faqtorebs, stereotipebis rRvevas da a.S.96 kodeqsis Sesrulebaze zedamxedvelobis ganmaxorcielebel organos warmoadgens Sinagan saqmeTa saministros generaluri inspeqcia.97 Zneli saTqmelia, Tu ramdenad warmatebulad sruldeba policiis eTikis kodeqsi praqtikaSi, radgan amis Sesaxeb ar arsebobs oficialuri monacemebi. Tumca, albaT Rirs imis aRniSvna, rom es dokumenti ar aris xelmisawvdomi internetSi da `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufisaTvis~, iseve rogorc
93 saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros sapasuxo werili, N.640758, TariRi 18.05.2012. 94 Sss eTikis kodeqsi miRebul iqna da moqmedebs, saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa ministris 2007 wlis 26 ianvris #119 brZanebis safuZvelze. 95 saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros sapasuxo werili, N.640758, TariRi 18.05.2012. 96 saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros akademis sapasuxo werili, N.40/5-517, TariRi: 22.05.2012 97 saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros sapasuxo werili, N.640758, TariRi 18.05.2012.

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sxva arasamTavrobo organizaciebisaTvis, misi raime sxva gziT mopovebac Zalian gaZnelebuli iyo. saqarTvelos policiis sistemaSi zogierT pozitiur cvlilebasac hqonda adgili. Tumca, Zneli saTqmelia, ramdenad aisaxa es cvlilebebi policiis mier lgbt pirTa winaaRmdeg Cadenili danaSaulebisa Tu incidentebis gamoZiebaze. qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufis~ mier Catarebulma kvlevam gamoavlina SemTxvevebi, rodesac policia yuradRebas ar aqcevda mesame mxaris mier Cadenil danaSaulebebs; agreTve gamovlenili iqna policiis oficrebis mier muqaris, cinikuri damokidebulebis da sityvieri Seuracxyofis ugulebelyofis faqtebi rogorc jgufis individualuri wevrebis, aseve lgbt wyvilebis mimarT (ix. mag. qeisi #W24). saxalxo damcvelis ofisisa da `saqarTveloSi qalTa fondis~ warmomadgenlebma am TvalsazrisiT aRniSnes, rom cnobierebis amaRlebis programebi aucilebelia samarTaldamcavi struqturebis TanamSromlebisaTvis, raTa aseTi praqtikebi Tavidan iqnas acilebuli.98 `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWer jgufs~ dokumentirebuli aqvs SemTxvevebi, rodesac policiis oficrebi Tavad emuqrebodnen, aSantaJebdnen an sxvagvarad Seuracxyofdnen lgbt pirebs maTi seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis safuZvelze (ix. mag. qeisebi #P21, W22). aseTi SemTxvevebi aSkarad miuTiTeben imaze, rom policiis zogierTi oficeri ugulebelyofs eTikis kodeqss, iseve rogorc sxvadasxva samarTlebrivi aqtebis moTxovnebs, rac unda ganixilebodes, rogorc imis niSani, rom arsebuli regulaciebis ganxorcielebis da monitoringis uzrunvelsayofad ufro mkacri kontrolia aucilebeli. prokuraturis muSakTa eTikis kodeqsi gansakuTrebul yuradRebas aqcevs diskriminaciis akrZalvas. rogorc iusticiis saministros sapasuxo werilSi aris miTiTebuli: `aRniSnuli eTikis kodeqsi miznad isaxavs prokuraturis muSakTa pasuxismgeblobis maRali standartebis dawesebas, miukerZoeblobis principebis dadgenas, samarTliani, efeqturi da profesiuli saqmianobis gaumjobesebas, adamianis uflebaTa standartebis dacvas. metic, eTikis kodeqsis Tanaxmad prokuraturis muSaki valdebulia xeli Seuwyos nebismieri diskriminaciis aRmofxvras.99 werilSi aseve aRniSnulia: `sazogadoebasTan urTierTobisas prokuraturis muSaki pativiscemiT unda moepyros Tanamosaubreebs, sakuTari mosazrebebis gamoTqmisas taqtianad unda gamoxatavdes dasabuTebul kritikas. prokuraturis muSaki valdebulia pativi sces sxva piris sityvis, azrisa da gamoxatvis Tavisuflebas, Tu amiT ar ilaxeba mesame pirTa uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi. dauSvebelia iseTi Sexedulebebis gamoxatva, romelic miznad isaxavs piris SezRudvas an Seuracxyofis miyenebas rasis, kanis feris, enis, sqesis, religiis, politikuri Tu sxva Sexedulebebis, erovnuli, eTnikuri Tu socialuri kuTvnilebis, qonebrivi da wodebrivi mdgomareobis niSniT.100 3.4. arsebobs Tu ara policiis ganyofilebebi, romlebic specialurad arian dakavebulni iseTi danaSaulisa da SemTxvevebis gamoZiebiT, romelic dakavSirebulia: (a) seqsualur orientaciasa da (b) genderul identobasTan? 3.4. policiaSi ar arsebobs specialuri danayofi, romelsac seqsualuri orientaciis an genderuli identobis safuZvelze Cadenili danaSaulebis gamoZieba daevaleboda. 3.5. arian Tu ara policiaSi specialuri TanamSromlebi, romlebic muSaoben adgilobriv lgbt jgufis wevrebTan da/an ndobaze damyarebuli urTierTobis Camosayalibeblad? 3.5. ar moipoveba informacia imis Sesaxeb, arseboben Tu ara specialurad daniSnuli policiis ofi98 saqarTveloSi lbt qalTa mdgomareobis amsaxveli Crdilovani angariSi CEDAW komitetisaTvis. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufi~. WISG. Tbilisi, 2012. bmuli http://women.ge/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/WISG-LBT-CEDAW-shadow-report_geo.pdf 99 saqarTvelos generaluri prokuroris brZaneba 5, 2006 wlis 19 ivnisi `saqarTvelos prokuraturis muSakTa eTikis kodeqsis damtkicebis Sesaxeb~. muxli 5(2) 100 iqve. muxli 6

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crebi, romelTac adgilobriv lgbt sazogadoebasTan urTierTobebis da ndobis gasaRrmaveblad kontaqtis damyareba moeTxovebaT. es SekiTxva gaegzavna Sinagan saqmeTa saministros, Tumca, maT mier gamogzavnili werili konkretulad masze pasuxs ar Seicavda. 3.6. arsebobs Tu ara anonimuri an eleqtronuli saCivrebis sistema an sxva advilad xelmisawvdomi saSualebebi, romelic mesame pirs saSualebas aZlevs datovon Setyobinebebi aseTi SemTxvevebis sixSirisa da xasiaTis Sesaxeb informaciis Segrovebis mizniT? 3.6. policiaSi da prokuraturaSi arsebobs cxeli xazi, Tumca, `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufisaTvis~ araferia cnobili maTi zogadi efeqturobis Taobaze Catarebuli monitoringis Sesaxeb; `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWer jgufs~ ar SeuZlia Seafasos am servisis efeqturoba konkretulad siZulvilze dafuZnebuli an lgbt pirTa winaaRmdeg mimarTul danaSualebebSi. Sinagan saqmeTa saministros werilSi aRniSnulia: `generaluri inspeqcia Tavis muSaobaSi eyrdnoba iseT informaciis wyaroebs, rogoricaa moqalaqeTa saCivrebi (werilobiTi da cxel xazze Semosuli, maT Soris anonimuri), saxalxo damcveli, mas media da sxv. policielTa mxridan kanonsawinaaRmdego qmedebebis Cadenis SemTxvevaSi nebismier dainteresebul pirs SeuZlia mimarTos generalur inspeqcias da acnobos aRniSnuli faqtis Sesaxeb~.101 ix. zemoT moyvanili magaliTebi aseT danaSaulebTan mimarTebaSi ucodinrobis Sesaxeb (ix. qeisebi #G8, #I18, #P21); policiis diskriminaciuli da damamcirebeli mopyrobis Sesaxeb magaliTi ix. qvemoT. Tumca, adgili hqonda zogierT pozitiur cvlilebasac saqarTvelos policiis sistemaSi, Zneli saTqmelia, iyo es policiis mier lgbt danaSaulebis Tu lgbt msxverplis momcveli sxva danaSaulebis gamoZiebis pirdapiri dadebiTi Sedegi. CEDAW komitetisTvis warsadgen angariSze da lgbt diskriminaciis kvlevaze muSaobis periodSi gamovlenili iqna SemTxvevebi, rodesac policia yuradRebas ar aqcevda mesame mxareebis mier Cadenil danaSaulebs102; agreTve gamovlenili iqna policiis oficrebis mier muqaris, cinikuri damokidebulebis da sityvieri Seuracxyofis ugulebelyofis faqtebi rogorc jgufis individualuri wevrebis, aseve lgbt wyvilebis mimarT. saxalxo damcvelis ofisis da `saqarTveloSi qalTa fondis~ warmomadgenlebma am TvalsazrisiT aRniSnes, rom cnobierebis amaRlebis programebi aucilebelia samarTaldamcavi struqturebis TanamSromlebisaTvis, raTa aseTi praqtikebi Tavidan iqnas acilebuli.103 meore mxriv, aucilebelia xazi gaesvas imas, rom zemoaRniSnuli faqtebis garda, ar arsebobs lgbt saqmeebis gamomZiebeli specialuri ganyofilebebi. zog SemTxvevaSi policiis oficerTa ucodinroba da/an maTi diskriminaciuli/homofobiuri damokidebuleba im lgbt pirTa mimarT, vinc danaSaulis msxverpli gaxda migvaniSnebs imaze, rom saWiroa maTi cnobierebis amaRleba lgbt sakiTxebsa da zo101 saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros sapasuxo werili, N.640758, TariRi 18.05.2012. 102 mag. Case #W26. 2010 wlis 15 oqtomberi. Tbilisi. baris `saqsesi.~ lesbosel wyvils, romelic erTmaneTs kocnida, barSi msxdomeba fotoebis gadaReba dauwyes, rac gogonebma gaaprotestes. sityvieri dapirispireba fizikurSi gadaizarda `jer muSti damartya pirdapir saxeSi da mimanarcxa kedelTan, mere davvardi da fexebi mirtya, mere saxeSic mirtya.. Cemi megobrebi cdilobdnen Cems gamoxsnas, isinic moisrola erTi iqiT, erTi aqeT, gadaifrina da magidebi waaqcia.. menejers, imis magivrad rom an dacvisTvis daeZaxa, an raRacnairad damxmareboda, meubneboda rom daxure angariSi da wadio.. patruli gamoviZaxe, romelic karga xnis mere movida, magram movidnen. isini neitralurebi iyvnen, Tumca iyo miniSnebebi rom provocireba im ucnob adamianebs me gavukeTe Cemi saqcieliT. vTvli, rom maTi damokidebuleba ar iyo mwvave fomofobiuri, magram zogadad homofobiuri ganwyoba iyo. TviTn patrulsac da dacvasac ironiuli damokidebuleba qondaT. dacvas imis nacvlad rom emoqmeda, meubneboda rom saswrafod dametovebina bari. policielebi ki Caiciklnen imaze Tu ratom miRebdnen fotoebs, es ukve policiis SenobaSi xdeboda... ori kviris mere werili miviRe, rom saqme aRiZra, Tumca, mas Semdeg aRaravin damkavSirebia... nu mere raRac arc dro mqonda, arc energia da aRac imedi ar mqonda rom es sakiTxi mogvardeboda da aRar mivyevi bolomde... `; 103 saqarTveloSi lbt qalTa mdgomareobis amsaxveli Crdilovani angariSi CEDAW komitetisaTvis. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufi~. WISG. Tbilisi, 2012. bmuli http://women.ge/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/WISG-LBT-CEDAW-shadow-report_geo.pdf

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gadad, policiis eTikiT gansazRvrul valdebulebebis Sesaxeb; iyo SemTxvevebi, rodesac policiis oficrebi Tavad emuqrebodnen, aSantaJebdnen an sxvagvarad Seuracxyofdnen lgbt pirebs maTi seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis safuZvelze. 4. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon saTanado zomebi, raTa uzrunvelyon sapatimro dawesebulebebSi an sxvagvarad TavisuflebaaRkveTili pirebis, maT Soris lesboseli, gei, biseqsuali da transgenderi adamianebis usafrTxoeba da Rirsebis dacva; kerZod, unda miiRon damcavi zomebi aRniSnuli pirebis misamarTiT ganxorcielebuli fizikuri Seuracxyofis, gaupatiurebis da sxva saxisseqsualuri Zaladobis winaaRmdeg, imis miuxedavad Tu vis mieraa es Cadenili: sxva patimrebis Tu dawesebulebis personalis mier; aseTi zomebi unda ganxorcieldes imgvarad, rom adekvaturad daculi da pativcemuli iyos transgender pirTa genderuli identoba. 4.1.uzrunvelyofs Tu ara cixis TanamSromlebisaTvis gankuTvnili saswavlo programebi da qcevis wesebi patimrebisadmi pativiscemiTa da aradiskriminaciul mopyrobas miuxedavad maTi (a) seqsualuri orientaciisa da (b) genderuli identobisa? 4.1. saqarTvelos sasjelaRsrulebis, probaciisa da iuridiuli daxmarebis sakiTxTa saministro wers, rom saministro axorcielebs saqarTvelos penitenciuri sistemis TanamSromlebis gadamzadebas, romelic iTvaliswinebs patimarTa mopyrobis humanuri da aradiskriminaciuli saerTaSoriso standartebis danergvas, ganurCevlad maTi seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobisa.104 WISG ar flobs sakmaris informacias, raTa Seafasos am Treiningebis efeqturoba praqtikaSi. sasjelaRsrulebis organoebis mosamsaxureTa eTikis kodeqsSi miTiTebulia, rom mosamsaxurem masze dakisrebuli amocanebi unda Seasrulos kanonis farglebSi, miukerZoeblad, eTnikuri, religiuri, sqesis Tu sxva niSniT diskriminaciis gareSe.105 Tumca, sxva arasamTavrobo organizaciebisa da ombudsmenis Sefasebebi ukiduresad kritikulia patimarTa mdgomareobis amsaxvel angariSebSi. 4.2. arsebobs Tu ara moqmedi zomebi, raTa moxdes fizikuri Seuracxyofis, gaupatiurebis da sxva seqsualuri Zaladobis safrTxeebis minimumamde dayvana, maT Soris damnaSaveTa disciplinaruli da sisxlis samarTlebrivi pasuxismgeblobis ganmsazRvreli reglamenti, maT Soris arasaTanado zedamxedvelobisTvis? 4.2. saxelmwifo uzrunvelyofs braldebulisa da msjavrdebulis kanonieri uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis, aseve maTi samarTlebrivi, socialuri da piradi usafrTxoebis dacvas, patimrobisa da Tavisuflebis aRkveTis aRsrulebas.106 braldebuls patimrobis, xolo msjavrdebuls Tavisuflebis aRkveTis aRsrulebisas garantirebuli aqvs saqarTvelos konstituciiT, saqarTvelos saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebiTa da SeTanxmebebiT, sakanonmdeblo da kanonqvemdebare normatiuli aqtebiT aRiarebuli uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi.107 saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis mixedviT nebismieri fizikuri Tu seqsualuri Zaladoba isjeba sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsiT, xolo arasaTanado zedamxedvelobisa da profesiuli gulgrilobisaTvis pasuxismgebel pirs SeiZleba daekisros rogorc disciplinaruli sasjeli, aseve mieces pasuxisgebaSi sisxlis samarTlebrivi gziT.108
104 saqarTvelos sasjelaRsrulebis, probaciisa da iuridiuli daxmarebis sakiTxTa saministros sapasuxo werili, N.11266/01, TariRi: 14.05.2012. 105 saqarTvelos sasjelaRsrulebis, probaciisa da iuridiuli daxmarebis sakiTxTa ministris brZaneba No. 151, 16.04.2009, muxli.2. mosamsaxureTa saqmianobis ZiriTadi principebi, bmuli https://matsne.gov.ge/index.php?option=com_ldmsse arch&view=docView&id=83476 106 patimrobis kodeqsi. muxli 13 (1) da (2) 107 saqarTvelos sasjelaRsrulebis, probaciisa da iuridiuli daxmarebis sakiTxTa saministros sapasuxo werili, N.11266/01, TariRi: 14.05.2012. 108 iqve.

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saqarTvelos sasjelaRsrulebis, probaciisa da iuridiuli daxmarebis sakiTxTa saministros werilSi xazgasmulia zemoT aRniSnuli standartebi da aseve naTqvamia, rom: `saqarTvelos penitenciuri sistemis dawesebulebebSi myofi nebismieri msjavrdebuli/braldebuli sargeblobs saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT da saerTaSoriso normebiT aRiarebuli uflebebiT~.109 Tumca, sakiTxavia, ramdenad xorcieldeba yovelive es praqtikaSi, radgan saqarTvelos saxalxo damcveli da adamianis uflebadamcveli organizaciebi xSirad gamoTqvamen SeSfoTebas saqarTvelos penitencialur institutebSi sacxovrebeli pirobebis da patimarTa mimarT mopyrobis Taobaze.110 rac Seexeba konkretulad lgbt patimrebs, informacia maT Sesaxeb TiTqmis saerTod miuwvdomelia. amJamad saqarTvelos cixeebSi monitoringis ganxorcielebis ufleba mxolod saxalxo damcvels gaaCnia (romelic agreTve `UNCAT-s farglebSi erovnul prevenciul meqanizmad dainiSna). am dromde saxalxo damcvels saqarTvelos penitencialur sistemaSi lgbt patimrebis mdgomareobaze rame konkretuli gancxadeba an angariSi ar gamouqveynebia. am sakiTxis Seswavla gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania, radgan arsebobs zogierTi angariSi, rom wina wlebSi lgbt pirebi cixeebSi ganicdidnen diskriminacias da Zaladobas. naklebad savaraudoa, rom amJamad Zveli praqtikebi sabolood aRmofxvrilia, gansakuTrebiT, rodesac amis damadasturebeli aranairi informacia ar arsebobs.111 4.3. arsebobs Tu ara damoukidebeli da efeqturi meqanizmi, romelic uzrunvelyofs cixis TanamSromlebis mier aseTi danaSaulis Cadenaze Setyobinebis miRebasa da gamoZiebas? 4.3. dawesebulebaSi moxvedril braldebuls/msjavrdebuls pasuxismgebelma pirma dauyovnebliv unda misces saSualeba, gaecnos werilobiT informacias Tavisi uflebebisa da movaleobebis Sesaxeb, maT Soris, saCivris Setanis uflebisa da gasaCivrebis kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli wesis Taobaze.112 wamebasTan, araadamianur da damamcirebel mopyrobasTan dakavSirebuli saCivrebi ganekuTvneba gansakuTrebul SemTxvevas da ganxilul unda iqnes dauyovnebliv.113 aseT mopyrobasTan dakavSirebuli saCivrebis Sesaxeb unda ecnobos dawesebulebis direqtors an mis mier uflebamosil pirs an/da specialur prevenciul jgufs ara ugvianes 24 saaTisa.114 Znelia imis Sefaseba, Tu ramdenad efeqturad xorcieldeba es debulebebi praqtikaSi, gansakuTrebiT Tu gaviTvaliswinebT adamianis uflebebis damcveli sxvadasxva organizaciebis angariSebs saqarTvelos penitencialur sistemaSi adamianis uflebebis seriozuli darRvevebis Sesaxeb, romelTa gamoZiebac ar xdeba. 4.4. transgenderi patimrebis SemTxvevaSi arsebobs Tu ara reglamenti, romelic uzrunvelyofs pirTa genderuli identobis pativiscemas cixis TanamSromlebis mxridan iseTi procedurebis dros, rogoric aris magaliTad sxeulis daTvaliereba da gansakuTrebiT gadawyvetilebis miReba imis Sesaxeb Tu sad unda ganTavsdes transgenderi patimari _ mamakacebis Tu qalebis sasjelaRsrulebis dawesebulebebSi? 4.4. saqarTvelos sasjelaRsrulebis, probaciisa da iuridiuli daxmarebis sakiTxTa saministrom
109 iqve. 110 http://www.ombudsman.ge/files/downloads/en/wlkxwtamrxzqzvysxoyk.pdf http://www.ombudsman.ge/files/downloads/en/hcqkqyhblwldxcayqiwg.pdf 111 saqarTveloSi lbt qalTa mdgomareobis amsaxveli Crdilovani angariSi CEDAW komitetisaTvis. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufi~. WISG. Tbilisi, 2012. gv. 20-21, bmuli: http://women.ge/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/WISG-LBTCEDAW-shadow-report_geo.pdf 112 patimrobis kodeqsi. muxli 97(1) 113 iqve, muxli 105(1) da (2). 114 saqarTvelos sasjelaRsrulebis, probaciisa da iuridiuli daxmarebis sakiTxTa saministros sapasuxo werili, N.11266/01, TariRi: 14.05.2012.

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Seatyobina `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWer jgufs~, rom maT ar gaaCniaT informacia saqarTvelos penitencialur dawesebulebebSi transgenderi pirebis arsebobis Sesaxeb. saministros gancxadebiT, zemoaRniSnuli mizeziT da imitom, rom aseTi adamianebis raodenoba qarTul sazogadoebaSi mcirea (ase iyo ganmartebuli werilSi), saministros ar gaaCnia instruqciebi, romlebic konkretulad am pirebis cixeSi yofnas daaregulirebda. miuxedavad amisa, werilSi aRniSnulia, rom: `msgavsi sakiTxis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi, gadawyvetilebis miReba moxdeba patimris usafrTxoebisa da interesebis dacvis gaTvaliswinebiT~.115 5. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda uzrunvelyon seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis safuZvelze diskriminaciis da Seuwynareblobis gavrcelebis da aRniSnuli saxis diskriminaciisa da Seuwynareblobis bunebis Sesaxeb Sesabamisi monacemebis Sekreba da gaanalizeba; ufro konkretulad, unda Segrovdes informacia seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis safuZvelze Cadenili siZulviliT motivirebuli danaSaulebebisa da sxva incidentebis Sesaxeb. 5.1.Catarda Tu ara kvleva lgbt jgufis pirebis mimarT mtruli da uaryofiTi damokidebulebis arsisa da mizezebis gamosavlenad, am movlenasTan brZolis efeqturi politikis SemuSavebis mizniT? 5.1. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufis~ mier sxvadasxva saxelmwifo dawesebulebebidan miRebuli pasuxebis Sesabamisad SeiZleba davaskvnaT, rom arcerT maTgans jer ar Cautarebia kvleva lgbt pirebis mimarT mtruli da uaryofiTi damokidebulebis mizezebis gasarkvevad, rac aucilebelia am movlenasTan sabrZolvelad. 5.2. regularulad tardeba Tu ara kvleva lgbt adamianebis mimarT socialuri mimReblobis/ mtruli damokidebulebis donis gamosakvlevad? 5.2. metic, saxelmwifos 2012 wlis angariSi CEDAW komitetisaTvis (CEDAW pirdapir avaldebulebs saxelmwifoebs qalebTan mimarT arsebuli stereotipebis aRmofxvras), arafers ambobs saqarTveloSi lbt qalebis winaaRmdeg stereotipebis aRmofxvraze, maTi gamomwvevi mizezebis siRrmiseul kvlevebze rom aRaraferi vTqvaT.116 saxalxo damcvelis werilSi weria, rom: `saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis da misi aparatis mier konkretuli kvleva am mimarTulebiT ar Catarebula, vinaidan msgavsi kvlevebis Catareba ar Sedis mis mandatSi.117 meore mxriv, saxalxo damcvelis ofisi agrovebs statistikur monacemebs individualuri saCivrebis safuZvelze. `Tumca, iqidan gamomdinare, rom saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis aparatisaTvis 2011 wlis ganmavlobaSi seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis safuZvelze siZulviliT motivirebuli danaSaulebebisa an/da SemTxvevebis Sesaxeb gancxadeba ar dafiqsirebuli, msgavsi statistika ar gvaqvs~.118 werilis mixedviT, saxalxo damcvelis ofisSi amJamad msgavs motiviT Cadenili mxolod erTi saqmis Seswavla mimdinareobs.119 5.3. arsebobs Tu ara (a) seqsualuri orientaciisa da (b) genderuli identobis safuZvelze `siZulviliT motivirebuli danaSaulebebis~ da SemTxvevebis aRricxvisa da statistikis efeqturi sistema? 5.3. saxalxo damcvelis aparatis sapasuxo werilis Tanaxmad, am etapze saqarTvelos mTavari prokuratura ar flobs statistikur monacemebs seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis

115 iqve. 116 CEDAW-s me-4 da me-5 perioduli angariSebi saqarTvelodan. 2012 w. 117 saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis aparatis sapasuxo werili, N.706/04-11, TariRi: 17.07.2012 118 iqve. 119 iqve.

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safuZvelze siZulviliT motivirebuli danaSaulebebis Sesaxeb.120121 saqarTvelos iusticiis saministros sapasuxo werilSi miTiTebulia, rom `saministros farglebSi SesaZlebelia mxolod kanonmdeblobis evropuli standartebisadmi Sesabamisobis Taobaze monitoringis ganxorcieleba, rasac iusticiis saministros Sesabamisi departamentebi: saerTaSoriso sajaro samarTlis departamenti, samarTalSemoqmedebiTi departamenti da analitikuri departamenti awarmoeben uwyvet reJimSi.122 unda aRiniSnos, rom saqarTveloSi dRemde ar Catarebula siRrmiseuli kvleva, romelic asaxavda sazogadoebaSi arsebul ganwyobebs lgbt jgufis warmomadgenelTa mimarT, homofobiis gamovlenis xarisxsa da specifikas. dRemde Catarebuli kvlevebis umetesoba, romlebic sxvadasxva RirebulebebTan/ sakiTxebTan da/an jgufebTan mimarTebas da ganwyobaTa cvlilebis dinamikas swavlobs (maT Soris homoseqsualTa mimarT), ar iZleva amgvari CaRrmavebis saSualebas.123 CRRC-s mier 2009-2011 wlebSi Catarebulma kvlevebma aCvena, rom bolo ori wlis ganmavlobaSi mdgomareoba homoseqsualobasTan mimarTebaSi didad ar Secvlila da im adamianTa ricxvi, vinc homoseqsualobas miuReblad miiCnevs, ucvleli rCeba _ 90%.124 hainrix biolis fondis samxreT kavkasiis regionaluri biuros kvlevam umciresobebis mimarT mosaxleobis ganwyobebisa da damokidebulebebis Sesaxeb ki aCvena, rom sxva umciresobaTa jgufebs Soris, yvelaze didi wnexis qveS swored lgbt jgufis adamianebi arian~.125 WISG-is mier 2012 wels Catarebul kvlevaSi monawile lgbt jgufis warmomadgenlebi aRniSnaven, rom sazogadoebis damokidebuleba maT mimarT mzardad negatiuria.126 ucnobia, Tu ramdenad iTvaliswineben saxelmwifo dawesebulebebi/moxeleebi am da sxva msgavsi kvlevebis Sedegebs moqmedebaSi da politikis gansazRvrisas127.

120 iqve. 121 unda aRiniSnos, rom wina wlebisaTvis arc riame sxva mizeziT motivirebuli siZulvilis (magaliTad, rasobrivi an religiuri) safuZvelze Cadenili danaSaulis an diskriminaciis statistikuri monacemebi arsebobs. Tumca sisxlis samarTlis kanonmdeblobis sxvadasxva debulebebi aseTi qmedebebis ganxorcielebas moiTxovdnen, samarTaldamcavi organoebi am muxlebs praqtikaSi ar iyenebdnen~. sofo benaSvili, saxalxo damcvelis samsaxuris warmomadgeneli; sajaro debatebi hainrih biolis fondis samxreT kavkasiis regionuli biuro; 04.04.2012, xelmisawvdomia mxolod qarTul enaze Semdeg misamarTze: http://www.ge.boell.org/downloads/2_Discrimination_as_a_Grave_Circumstance_of_a_Crime_Ge.pdf 122 saqarTvelos iusticiis saministros sapasuxo werili, N.26948, TariRi: 26.06.2012.~ 123 lgbt adamianTa mdgomareoba saqarTveloSi. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufi~ (WISG). Tbilisi, 2012. 124 evrokavSiris mimarT damokidebulebisa da codnis Sefaseba saqarTveloSi. kavkasiis kvleviTi resursebis centri (CRRC), evraziis TanamSromlobis fondi. 2011. http://www.epfound.ge/files/eu_report_geo_12jan2012_final_1_.pdf 125hainrix biolis fondis samxreT kavkasiis regionuli biuros kvleva umciresobebis mimarT mosaxleobis ganwyobisa da damokidebulebis Sesaxeb, ivnisi, 2011. 126 lgbt adamianTa mdgomareoba saqarTveloSi. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufi~ (WISG). Tbilisi, 2012. 127 rac Seexeba 2012 wels WISG-is mier Catarebul lgbt diskriminaciis kvlevas, SerCevasTan dakavSirebuli SezRudvebi, romelic jgufis specifikas ukavSirdeba ar iZleva Sedegebis ganzogadebis saSualebas qveynis masStabiT, Tumca iZleva garkveul informacias im diskriminaciuli praqtikebis/gamocdilebebis Sesaxeb rac kvlevaSi monawile adamianebs aqvT. es informacia sakmarisia imisaTvis, rom cxadi gavxadoT Tu sad da ra tipis problemebs awydebian lgbt adamianebi yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi. kvlevis Sedegebi Segvaxsenebs, rom seqsualur orientaciaze/genderul identobaze dafuZnebuli diskriminacia adamianis uflebaTa mniSvnelovani sakiTxia, romelic reagirebas moiTxovs rogorc xelisuflebis, ise sazogadoebis mxridan.

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B. `siZulvilis ena~
6. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon Sesabamisi zomebi gamoxatvis iseTi formebis winaaRmdeg, maT Soris masmediasa da internet sivrceSi, romelmac SesaZloa gei,biseqsuali da transgenderi pirebis mimarT siZulvilis an diskriminaciis sxvagvari formis gamowvevis, gavrcelebis an xelSewyobis provocireba moaxdinos. aseTi `siZulvilis ena~ sajarod unda iyos akrZaluli da dagmobili. yvela miRebulma zomam pativi unda sces gamoxatvis fundamentur uflebas konvenciis me-10 muxlisa da sasamarTlos precedentuli samarTlis Sesabamisad. 6.1. arsebobs Tu ara sakanonmdeblo zomebi gansazRvrul safuZvelze arsebuli `siZulvilis enis~ dasasjelad? 6.1. saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba ar axdens siZulvilis enis kriminalizacias, magram regulirdeba samoqalaqo kodeqsis zogierTi muxlis, mauwyebelTa da Jurnalisturi eTikis qcevis kodeqsebis meSveobiT.128 nebismiers aqvs ufleba mimarTos TviTregulaciis sxvadasxva meqanizmebs siZulvilis enaze reagirebisaTvis. saqarTvelos saaarCevno kodeqsi awesebs garkveul SezRudvebs siZulvilis enis gamoyenebasa da socialur jgufebs Soris SuRlis gaRvivebasTan dakavSirebiT: `saarCevno programa ar unda Seicavdes omisa da Zaladobis propagandas, arsebuli saxelmwifo da sazogadoebrivi wyobilebis ZaladobiT Secvlis an damxobis, saqarTvelos teritoriuli mTlianobis darRvevis, erovnuli SuRlisa da mtrobis, religiuri da eTnikuri dapirispirebis mowodebas.129 saqarTvelos organul kanonSi moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb miTiTebulia: `dauSvebelia iseTi partiis Seqmna da saqmianoba, romlis mizania saqarTvelos konstituciuri wyobilebis damxoba an ZaladobiT Secvla, qveynis damoukideblobis xelyofa, teritoriuli mTlianobis darRveva, an romelic eweva omis an Zaladobis propagandas, aRvivebs erovnul, kuTxur, religiur an socialur SuRls~,130 Tumca, CamonaTvali ar moicavs seqsualur orientaciasa da genderul identobas. 6.2. exeba Tu ara es zomebi: (a) homofobiur da (b) transfobiur `siZulvilis enas? 6.2. ar arsebobs sajarimo sanqciebi, garda Sinaarsis SemzRudveli zomebisa, romlebic samauwyeblo sainformacio saSualebebis da internet providerebis mier homofobiuri siZulvilis enis gamoyenebas daaregulirebdnen. kerZod: `ikrZaleba iseTi programebis gadacema, romlebic mimarTulia piris an jgufis fizikuri SesaZleblobis, eTnikuri kuTvnilebis, religiis, msoflmxedvelobis, sqesis, seqsualuri orientaciis an sxva Tvisebisa Tu statusis gamo Seuracxyofisaken, diskriminaciisaken an am Tvisebisa Tu statusis gansakuTrebuli xazgasmisaken, garda im SemTxvevisa, rodesac es aucilebelia programis Sinaarsidan gamomdinare da miznad isaxavs arsebuli SuRlis ilustrirebas~.131 ufro metic, akrZalulia araeTikuri reklama, romelic fizikur pirTa erovnebis, rasis, profesiis, socialuri kuTvnilebis, asakis, sqesis, enis, religiis, politikuri da filosofiuri mrwamsis mimarT Seuracxmyofeli sityvebisa da Sedarebebis gamoyenebiT arRvevs sayovelTaod aRiarebul humanur da zneobriv normebs.132 2009 wels 138 Jurnalistma xeli moawera Jurnalisturi eTikis kodeqss, romelic warmoadgens me128 kvleva homofobiis, transfobiis da seqsualuri orientaciis da genderuli identobis safuZvelze diskriminaciis Sesaxeb. samarTlebrivi analizi: saqarTvelo. damoukidebeli mkvlevari ana nacvliSvili. COWI. 2010. bmuli: http://www. coe.int/t/commissioner/source/lgbt/georgialegal_e.pdf 129 saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsi. muxli 45. punqti.3 130 saqarTvelos organuli kanoni moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb. muxli5. punqti2. 131 saqarTvelos komunikaciebis erovnuli komisia, saqarTvelos kanoni mauwyeblobis Sesaxeb. muxli 56, punqti3. 132 saqarTvelos kanoni. reklamis Sesaxeb. muxli. 3(5). bmuli: http://www.mdfgeorgia.ge/contentimage/legislation/kanoni_rekla mis_shesaxeb.pdf

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diis TviT-regulaciis meqanizms. qartia moicavs 11 princips, romelTagan ori pirdapir exeba lgbt adamianebs. qartiis me-7 principis Tanaxmad: `Jurnalists unda esmodes mediis mier diskriminaciis waxalisebis safrTxe; amitom yvelaferi unda iRonos nebismieri piris diskriminaciis Tavidan asacileblad rasis, sqesis, seqsualuri orientaciis, enis, religiis, politikuri da sxva Sexedulebebis, erovnuli an socialuri warmoSobis safuZvelze an raime sxva niSniT. me-10 principi exeba piradi cxovrebis pativiscemasa da xelSeuxeblobas: `Jurnalistma pativi unda sces adamianis pirad cxovrebas da ar SeiWras pirad cxovrebaSi, Tu ar arsebobs gansakuTrebuli sazogadoebrivi interesi~. qartiis xelmomweri Jurnalistebis mier sakuTari valdebulebebis Sesrulebis monitoringi zedamxedveli organos mier xorcieldeba.133 zemoT CamoTvlili regulaciebis Seusruleblobaze pasuxisgeba mxolod TviTregulaciis meqanizmebiT aris SesaZlebeli. am kuTxiT arsebobs rogorc pozitiuri, aseve negatiuri gamocdileba. praqtikaSi, TviTregulaciis meqanizmebis garda, uflebadamcvelebi cdiloben gamoiyenon nebismieri samarTlebrivi meqanizmi, romelic samarTalwarmoebis gziT SesaZlebels gaxdis reagirebas politikosTa mier siZulvilis enis gamoyenebis faqtebze (ix. mag. qeisebi #G8 da #W9), romlebic efuZneba saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsiT gaTvaliswinebul argumentebs siZulvilis enis gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebiT. 6.3. xdeba Tu ara media organizaciebis, maT Soris internet gamocemebis waxaliseba, raTa maT sakuTari moRvaweobis farglebSi (mag. profesiuli eTikis kodeqsis meSveobiT) xeli Seuwyon: pativiscemis, tolerantulobisa da mravalferovnebis kulturas da lgbt jgufis wevrebis negatiurad da stereotipulad warmoCenis Tavidan acilebas? 6.3. ix. pasuxi 6.2. 6.4. arsebobs Tu ara kanoni, romelic axdens `siZulvilis enis~ kriminalizacias da moicavs Tu ara is: (a) homofobiur da (b) transfobiur `siZulvilis enas? 6.4. N/A 6.5. xdeba Tu ara internet servisis mimwodeblebis waxaliseba, raTa maT miiRon zomebi (a) homofobiuri da (b) transfobiuri masalis, muqarisa da Seuracxyofis gavrcelebis aRkveTisaTvis? 6.5. internet momsaxurebis mimwodebeli valdebulia SeimuSaos iseT meqanizmebi, romlebic SesaZleblobas miscems gaauqmos an ganakavSiros momxmarebeli, Tu gamovlinda an cnobili gaxda, rom is awarmoebs arasasurveli eleqtronuli gzavnilebis, dauSvebeli produqciis, kompiuteruli virusebis, TaRliTuri an/da sxva mavne programebis gavrceleba/gadamisamarTebas.134 reglamentSi dauSvebeli produqcia gansazRvrulia rogorc eleqtronuli komunikaciebis meSveobiT gadacemuli pornografia, siZulvilisa da Zaladobis gansakuTrebiT mZime formebis amsaxveli, piradi cxovrebis Semlaxveli, cilismwamebluri, Seuracxmyofeli, udanaSaulobis prezumfciis damrRvevi, uzusto, saavtoro uflebebisa da saqarTvelos kanonmdeblbis darRveviT gadacemuli sxva produqcia.135 internet-domenis gamcemi periodulad amowmebs mis mier registrirebul internet-gverdebis Sinaarss im mizniT, rom Tavidan aicilos internet-gverdze dauSvebeli produqciis ganTavseba. aseTis SemTxvevaSi, domenis gamcemma dauyonebliv unda miiRos Sesabamisi zomebi maT aRmosafxvrelad:
133 kvleva homofobiis, transfobiis da seqsualuri orientaciis da genderuli identobis safuZvelze diskriminaciis Sesaxeb. samarTlebrivi analizi: saqarTvelo. damoukidebeli mkvlevari ana nacvliSvili. COWI. 2010. bmuli: http://www. coe.int/t/commissioner/source/lgbt/georgialegal_e.pdf 134 eleqtronuli komunikaciebis sferoSi momsaxurebis miwodebisa da momxmarebelTa uflebebis dacvis Sesaxeb reglamenti~. muxli 101, punqti 4. http://gncc.ge/index.php?lang_id=GEO&sec_id=7060&info_id=3952 135 iqve. muxli.3 (h)2.

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a) gaafrTxilos domenis mflobeli da ganusazRvros vada dauSvebeli produqciis amoRebisaTvis; b) gafrTxilebis ugulvebelyofis SemTxvevaSi moaxdinos internet gverdis dablokva.136 aqve unda aRiniSnos, rom 2012 wlis 6 ivniss saqarTvelom moaxdina konvenciis ratificireba kiberdanaSaulis Sesaxeb, romelic ZalaSi Sevida 2012 wlis 1 oqtombridan. Tuki sxva media-saSualebebSi met-naklebad SesaZlebelia reagireba homofobiur siZulvilis enaze, internet sivrcis gakontroleba da reagireba dRemde problemad rCeba. arada, socialur qselebSi, internet forumebsa da blogebze gamoyenebuli siZulvilis ena xSirad yvelaze kategoriulia da Seuracxmyofeli da damamcirebeli leqsikis gamoyenebis garda, xSirad, Seicavs pirdapir mowodebebs diskriminaciisa da fizikuri Zaladobisaken. (ix. mag. qeisebi #G8, #I18) 6.6. Tu adgili aqvs `siZulvilis enis~ gamovlinebas, xdeba Tu ara maTi sajarod dagmoba sajaro pirTa mier? 6.6. saxalxo damcvelisa da sxva sajaro pirebis mxridan, parlamentis wevris giorgi TargamaZis mier 2012 wlis 22 maiss (qeisi #W7A) gakeTebul gancxadebaze reagireba iyo pirveli SemTxveva, rodesac saxalxo damcvelma sajarod dagmo siZulvilis ena lgbt adamianebis winaaRmdeg.137 7. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda aamaRlon xelisuflebisa da sajaro institutebis warmomadgenelTa cnobiereba, maTi pasuxismgeblobis yvela doneze, raTa maT Tavi Seikavon iseTi gancxadebebisgan, maT Soris masmediis misamarTiT gakeTebuli gancxadebebisgan, romlebic SeiZleba aRqmuli iqnas rogorc siZulvilis an diskriminaciis legitimacia. 7.1 . gamocemulia Tu ara saxelmZRvanelo principebi an miRebulia Tu ara sxva zomebi xelisuflebis/sajaro dawesebulebebis warmomadgenelTa cnobierebis amaRlebisaTvis, rac miuTiTebs maT msgavsi gancxadebebisagan Tavis Sekavebis valdebulebaze? 7.1. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufisaTvis~ ucnobia romelime saxelmwifo dawesebulebis mier miRebuli msgavsi saxelmZRvanelo principebis Sesaxeb. sajaro moxeleTa qceva regulirdeba kanoniT sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb, romelic pirdapir ar Seicavs miTiTebebs moxeleTa mier sajarod gavrcelebuli gancxadebebis Taobaze. kanonis 73(1) muxlis me-6 punqtis Tanaxmad: `sajaro mosamsaxurem Tavidan unda aicilos nebismieri moqmedeba, romelic zians miayenebs piradad mis, misi dawesebulebis an sajaro samsaxuris reputacias~.138 faravs Tu ara es muxli sajaro moxelis mier qsenofobiuri gancxadebis gavrcelebas, gaurkvevelia. 2004 wels miRebuli saqarTvelos parlamentis wevrTa eTikis kodeqsi garkveul SezRudvebs uwesebs parlamentarebs Seuracxmyofeli gamonaTqvamebis gamoyenebaze139. Tumca, araferia naTqvami uSualod qsenofobiuri siZulvilis enis gamoyenebaze parlamentarTa mxridan, rac arc Tu ise iSviaTia rogorc lgbt pirebis, ise religiuri Tu eTnikuri umciresobebis misamarTiT. arasamTavrobo organizaciebi am kodeqss, rogorc TviTregulaciis meqanizms, araefeqturad Tvlian.140 am mosazrebas zogierTi parlamentaric eTanxmeba da saubrobs misi Secvlis saWiroebaze.141
136 iqve. muxli 103 137 ombudsmeni qristiandemokratebis homofobiis winaaRmdeg. T. kupreiSvili. netgazeTi. 22.05.2012. http://www.net gazeti.ge/GE/105/News/9908/ 138 kanoni sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb. muxli 73(1), punqti. 6 139 saqarTvelos parlamentis wevrTa eTikis kodeqsi. punqti 4. 140 saqarTvelos parlamentis wevrTa eTikis kodeqsi _ Semdgomi reformebi~.saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTvelo. 23 aprili 2012. 141 saqarTvelos parlamentis Tavmjdomaris pirvelma moadgilem, mixeil maWavarianma gaxsna konferencia Temaze: `eTikis kodeqsi da standartebi parlamentis wevrTaTvis.~ 19.04.2012. http://www.parliament.ge/site2/index.php?lang_id=GEO&sec_ id=1282&info_id=34791

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siZulvilis ena xSirad xdeba saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis saganmanaTleblo aqtivobebis nawili. saxalxo damcvelis sapasuxo werilSi naTqvamia, rom am TemasTan dakavSirebiT Catarda Treiningi Tavad saxalxo damcvelis aparatis TanamSromlebisTvisac, romlis farglebSic monawileebi gaecnen siZulvilis enis winaaRmdeg brZolis saerTSoris standartebs. zogadad Treiningi miznad isaxavda saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis aparatis TanamSromlebis codnis gazrdas, raTa aparatis mxridan efeqturad moxdes siZulvilis enis prevencia da mis winaaRmdeg efeqturi brZola.142 7.2. gaukeTebiaT Tu ara xelisuflebis da sajaro dawesebulebebis warmomadgenelebs iseTi gancxadebebi, romelic SeiZleba gagebul iqnas, rogorc siZulvilis an diskriminaciis gamarTleba? 7.2. rogorc homofobiuri siZulvilis enis kvlevebi aCvenebs, homofobiuri siZulvilis ena xSirad gamoiyeneba politikur konteqstSi da gansakuTrebiT mwvavdeba winasaarCevno periodebSi. politikuri oponentebis markireba homoseqsualad, dadanaSauleba `homoseqsualobis propagandaSi~ gamoiyeneba rogorc gamaZlierebeli efeqti oponentTagan `ucxos~ konstruirebis procesSi, romelic `gadagvarebiT emuqreba qveynis tradiciebsa da ewinaaRmdegeba religias~.143 saxalxo damcvelis sapasuxo werilSi aRniSnulia, rom: `2012 wlis ganmavlobaSi xelisuflebisa da sajaro dawesebulebebis warmomadgenelTa mxridan adgili hqonda gancxadebebs, romlebic SeiZleba Sefasdes, rogorc diskriminaciuli da konkretuli jgufisaTvis Seuracxmyofeli~.144 es aseve moicavs lgbt jgufs. (ix. qeisi #W7A) bolo periodamde homofobiuri siZulvilis enis gamoyenebis faqtebze politikosebisa da sajaro pirebis mxridan reagirebas mxolod arasamTavrobo organizaciebi axdendnen. iyo SemTxvevebi, rodesac sajaro pirebi axalisebdnen sxvis mier gakeTebul homofobiur gancxadebebs. 2010 wels, evrosabWos saparlamento asambleis mier lgbt uflebebTan dakavSirebuli rezoluciis ganxilvis win, sxvadasxva religiurma gaerTianebebma saqarTveloSi erToblivi gancxadeba gaavrceles: `igegmeba `seqsualuri orientaciis niadagze diskriminaciisa da sqesis identifikaciis~ kanonproeqtis ganxilva, romelic homoseqsualizmis, biseqsualizmisa da sxva seqsualuri gadaxrebis legalizebas gulisxmobs. amave sesiaze gamotanili iqneba dokumenti, romelic aborts warmogvidgens, rogorc qalis uflebasa da ojaxis dagegmvis saSualebas... SeuZlebelia, evropa, romelic uZvelesi qristianuli samyaros nawils warmoadgens da romlis kulturac mTlianad religiuri niSniT aris ganmsWvaluli, evrosabWos maRali tribunidan xmas aZlevdes iseTi movlenis Cveulebriv normad qcevas, rogoric aris seqsualuri gadaxrebi. homoseqsualizmi, biseqsualizmi da sxva msgavsi qmedebani ara marto qristianobaSi, aramed yvela tradiciul religiaSi udides codvad aris miCneuli, radgan igi adamianis gadagvarebas, mis sulier da fizikur daavadebebs iwvevs~.145 saqarTvelos delegaciis wevrebma araTu gaaprotestes amgvari gancxadeba, aramed zogierTi maTgani miuerTda kidevac am gancxadebas (ix. qeisebi #W1, #W2A, #W2B), zogma ki gancxadeba gaakeTa, riTac kidev ufro gaaZliera lgbt adamianebTan dakavSirebuli stereotipebi (ix. qeisebi: #W3, #W5, #G8, #W9). 2012 wels situacia Seicvala: `qristian-demokratiuli moZraobis~ lideris, giorgi TargamaZis mier parlamentSi sakonstitucio cvlilebebis wardgenisas gakeTebul homofobiur gancxadebebs mwvave kritika mohyva rogorc parlamentarTa, ise arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mxridan. (ix. sqolioebi 42,43,44)
142 saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis aparatis sapasuxo werili, N.706/04-11, TariRi: 17.07.2012 143 e. aRdgomelaSvili. seqsualuri orientaciis/genderuli identobis reprezentacia mediaSi (2011 wlis maisis mdgomareobiT). mediis ganviTarebis fondi (MDF). http://www.mdfgeorgia.ge/index.php?&address=&menuid=16&id=54&lang=1 144 saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis aparatis sapasuxo werili, N.706/04-11, TariRi: 17.07.2012 145 saqarTvelos sapatriarqos, saqarTveloSi wmida saydris sadespanos, saqarTveloSi somxuri samociqulo eklesiis eparqia, qveyanaSi mTavari rabinis movaleobis Semsrulebis da sruliad kavkasiis muslimanTa sammarTvelos sruluflebiani warmomadgenlis erToblivi gancxadeba. 29 ianvari, 2010

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calke aRniSvnis Rirsia `uflebadamcvelTa~ mier sajarod gakeTebuli homofobiuri gancxadebebi, romelsac didi gamoxmaureba mohyva rogorc arasamTavrobo organizaciebis, ise mediis mxridan.146 8. sajaro moxeleebi da xelisuflebis sxva warmomadgenlebi unda waxalisdnen, raTa samoqalaqo sazogadoebasTan, maT Soris masmediasa da sportul organizaciebTan, politikuri da religiuri Temebis warmomadgenlebTan dialogis dros xeli Seuwyon lesboseli, gei, biseqsuali da transgenderi adamianis mimarT Semwynareblobisa da maTi uflebebis pativiscemis danergvas. 8.1.gamoexata Tu ara mxardaWera Tanamdebobis pirebs da xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebs am mimarTulebiT? 8.1. qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWer jgufs ar gaaCnia informacia romelime saxelmwifo struqturis mier msgavsi saxelmZRvanelos gamocemis Sesaxeb. 8.2. Tu asea, arsebobs Tu ara damamtkicebeli sabuTi imisa, rom Tanamdebobis pirebi da xelisuflebis sxva warmomadgenlebi xels uwyoben samoqalaqo sazogadoebasTan dialogis dros lgbt jgufis wevrebisadmi tolerantuli damokidebulebisa da araZaladobrivi enis gamoyenebis waxalisebas? 8.2. sajaro moxeleebis da sxva saxelmwifo Tanamdebobis pirebis mier samoqalaqo sazogadoebasTan dialogSi lgbt pirebis mimarT tolerantobis waxalisebis magaliTebi iSviaTia. media analizis Sedegebi gviCvenebs, rom lgbt sakiTxebi politizebulia da sazogadoebaSi arsebuli homofobiis maRali donis fonze, xSirad gamoiyeneba winasaarCevno periodSi eleqtoratis mobilizaciisaTvis, politikuri oponentebis markirebisaTvis an msgavsi miznebisaTvis.147 saqarTveloSi Zalzed iSviaTad ismis gancxadebebi, romlebic lgbt jgufis Tanasworuflebianobis dasacavad da mis mxardasaWerad arian mowodebuli.

146 gazeT `asaval-dasavalis~ ama wlis 19-25 martis nomerSi gamoqveynda interviu nana kakabaZesTan, adamianis uflebaTa damcveli, arasamTavrobo uflebadacviTi organizaciis `yofili politpatimrebi adamianis uflebebisTvis~ TavmjdomaresTan. interviuSi naTqvamia, rom is momxrea aRdges sabWoTa kavSiris sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsSi arsebuli 121-e muxli, rac homoseqsualobis dasjas iTvaliswinebda. misive TqmiT, `danaSaulia, roca sakuTar arajansaR seqsualur orientaciaze xmamaRla saubris saSualebas aZlev mamaTmavals da amis propagandas ewevi... ...saxelmwifom unda daicvas es adamianebi, rom ar scemon quCaSi, Seuracxyofa ar miayenon, magram danaSaulis tolfasia yoveldRe gamofino es xalxi, telesaxeebad aqcio da gviCiCino, rom es dasaZraxi ar aris. amiT Camoyalibebul pirovnebebs aRizianeben, Trgunaven da uflebebs ulaxaven. axalgazrdobas ki pirdapir tvins urecxaven, mentalitets umaxinjeben da aCveven, rom es saqcieli cudi sulac ar aris. am sakiTxis wina planze wamoweva sazianoa aramarto Cveni ojaxebisa da SvilebisTvis, aramed saqarTvelos momavlisTvis. aseTi tradiciebisa da sarwmunoebis mqone qveyanaSi mamaTmavlobis propagandas veravin unda bedavdes. marTlmadideblobaSi xom mamaTmavloba momakvdinebel codvad iTvleba!~ momxre var aRdges sabWoTa kavSiris sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsSi arsebuli 121-e muxli. interviu nana kakabaZesTan. gazeTi `asaval-dasavali~ #910, marti 19-25, 2012. http://asavali.ge/archive/910/files/1-41pm5.pdf; gazeTis momdevno nomerSi, daibeWda interviu amave organizaciis warmomadgenelTan, gela nikoleiSvilTan (adamianis uflebadamcveli arasamTavrobo organizacia `yofili politpatimrebi adamianis uflebebisTvis~): `bunebaSi isic xdeba, rom adamiani nakliT ibadeba. am naklis gamo devna yovlad dauSvebelia da vinc am niSniT Caidens danaSauls, ra Tqma unda, dasjis Rirsia, magram meore mxriv, am naklis normad miCneva da umravlesobisTvis Tavs moxvevac sruliad dauSvebelia... ...Tundac homoseqsuali an ieRoveli, Tavis ideebs Tu ZaliT axvevs vinmes an ojaxSi uvardeba, moqalaqes sruli iuridiuli ufleba aqvs, xeliskvriT moiSoros da amis gamo is kanonma ar unda gaamtyunos!~ batoni nikoleiSvili aseve acxadebs rom erTsqesiani urTierToba ara mxolod religiur dogmebs ewinaaRmdegeba, aramed bunebasac. erTsqesiani siyvarulis gandideba, uflis nebis sawinaaRmdego qmedebaa. zaza daviTaia. interviu gela nikoleiSvilTan. gazeTi `asaval-dasavali~, #912, aprili 2-8, 2012. http://asavali.ge/archive/912/index.html; imave pozicias iziarebs advokati lali afciauri: `Tuki saqarTveloSi odesme gabedaven gei-paradis mowyobas, me rogorc advokati, samarTlebrivi CarCoebidan gaval da mival gei-paradze, raTa panRuri amovartya paradis monawileebs.~ momxre var kanonSi arsebobdes muxli, romelic akrZalavs am umsgavsobis propagandas. megi sajaia. interviu lali afciaurTan. gazeTi `asaval-dasavali~, #911, 26 marti-1 aprili/2012. http://asavali.ge/archive/911/files/1-41pm5.pdf 147 e.aRdgomelaSvili. seqsualuri orientaciis/genderuli identobis reprezentireba qarTul mediaSi (2007-2011). WISG. 2012

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II. gaerTianebis Tavisufleba

9. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon yvela zoma, gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis efeqturad gamoyenebis uzrunvelsayofad konvenciis me-11 muxlis Sesabamisad seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT diskriminaciis gareSe, kerZod, diskriminaciuli administraciuli procedurebi, maT Soris gaerTianebebis registraciisTvis da praqtikuli funqcionirebisTvis saWiro zedmeti formalobebi Tavidan unda iyos acilebuli da gauqmebuli; aseve, wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon yvela zoma samarTlebrivi da administraciuli wesebis, maT Soris sazogadoebriv janmTelobasTan, sazogadoebis moralTan da sazogadoebriv wesrigTan dakavSirebuli SezRudvebis borotad gamoyenebis winaaRmdeg. 9.1.eSlebaT Tu ara xeli oficialur registraciaSi iseT organizaciebs, romelTa sajarod gacxadebuli mizania lgbt adamianebis keTildReobaze, uflebebze an sxva raime mimarTulebaze muSaoba? 9.1. yvelas aqvs sazogadoebrivi gaerTianebebis, maT Soris profesiuli kavSirebis Seqmnisa da maTSi gaerTianebis ufleba.148 2009 wlis 25 dekemberis sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebis Tanaxmad gamartivda arakomerciuli organizaciebis da maTi regionaluri filialebis daregistrireba saqarTveloSi. registraciisas ganacxadis wardgenisTvis dadgenili saboloo vada Semcirda 1 samuSao dRemde. ganacxadis gakeTebisas warsadgeni dokumentaciis CamonaTvali gamartivda da Semcirda. aRar arsebobs raime gansxvavebuli regulaciebi adgilobriv da ucxour arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan mimarTebaSi. aseve aRar aris aucilebeli arasamTavrobo organizaciebis regionuli ofisebis calke daregistrireba.149 saqarTvelos konstituciis mixedviT: `dauSvebelia iseTi sazogadoebrivi da politikuri gaerTianebis Seqmna da saqmianoba, romlis mizania saqarTvelos konstituciuri wyobilebis damxoba an ZaladobiT Secvla, qveynis damoukideblobis xelyofa, teritoriuli mTlianobis darRveva, an romelic eweva omis an Zaladobis propagandas, aRvivebs erovnul, kuTxur, religiur an socialur SuRls~.150 organizaciebis registraciisaTvis, maT Soris im organizaciebisa, romelTa mizansac lgbt pirebis keTildReobis uzrunvelyofa da maTi dacva warmoadgens, aranairi SezRudvebi ar arsebobs. reestris momsaxureba gamWvirvalea da xarisxiani. warmatebis damamtkicebel sabuTs daregistrirebuli organizaciebis raodenobis zrda warmoadgens. yovelwliurad 1 000-ze meti arakomerciuli iuridiuli piri registrirdeba. ar aris cnobili lgbt arasamTavrobo organizaciebisaTvis registraciaze uaris Tqmis SemTxvevebi.151 `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufisaTvis~ agreTve ucnobia SemTxveva, rom organizacias uari eTqva registraciaze im mizeziT, rom man ganacxada lgbt sakiTxebze muSaobis survili. 9.2. Tu asea, xorcieldeba Tu ara es diskriminaciuli administraciuli reglamentis gamoyenebiT, sazogadoebriv janmrTelobaze, moralze, sazogadoebriv wesrigze dafuZnebuli SezRudvebis an raime sxva saSualebebis gamoyenebiT? 9.2. N/A 9.3. arsebobs Tu ara iseTi zomebis miRebis magaliTebi, romelic mimarTulia lgbt organizaciebis Tavisuflad moqmedebis uzrunvelyofisken
148 saqarTvelos konstitucia. muxli 26(1) 149 saqarTvelos iusticiis saministros sapasuxo werili, N.26948, TariRi: 26.06.2012. 150 saqarTvelos konstitucia. muxli 26(3) 151 saqarTvelos iusticiis saministros sapasuxo werili, N.26948, TariRi: 26.06.2012.

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 ucileblobis SemTxvevaSi maTi interesebis dacvisken maTi muSaobis xelSewyobisa da waxalisebisken? 9.3. ar arsebobs Tavisufali da usafrTxo saqmianobis uzrunvelmyofi meqanizmebi konkretulad lgbt organizaciebisaTvis. 9.4. xdeba Tu ara lgbt organizaciebis CarTva partniorul doneze sajaro politikis im sakiTxebis SemuSavebisa da implementaciisas, romelic gavlenas axdens lgbt jgufis wevrebze? 9.4. ara. 10. arasamTavrobo organizaciebis xelmisawvdomoba saxelmwifo/sajaro dafinansebaze garantirebuli unda iqnes seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT diskriminaciis gareSe. 10.1 xelmisawvdomia Tu ara arasamTavrobo organizaciebisaTvis gamoyofili saxelmwifo/sajaro dafinanseba lgbt organizaciebisaTvis diskriminaciis gareSe? 10.1. ar arsebobs aranairi SezRudva dafinansebis misaRebad mimarTvis TvalsazrisiT. rac Seexeba sxvadasxva saxelmwifo programebs, zogierTi arasamTavrobo organizacia (ZiriTadad socialur sakiTxebze momuSave servisis mimwodebeli organizaciebi) iRebs mTavrobisagan dafinansebas. dRemde saxelmwifo dafinansebis misaRebad arc erT lgbt organizacias ar miumarTavs. Tumca, ar arsebobs mizezi, vivaraudoT, rom aseTi organizacia uars miiRebs dafinansebaze mxolod Tavisi profilis gamo. 10.2. gamxdara Tu ara xelmisawvdomi msgavsi fondebi lgbt organizaciebisTvis? 10.2. ara. 11. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon Sesabamisi zomebi lesboseli, gei, biseqsuali da transgenderi adamianebis uflebebisTvis mebrZolTa dasacavad maT winaaRmdeg mimarTuli agresiisgan da mtrobisgan, maT Soris, savaraudod saxelmwifos warmomadgenlebis mier ganxorcielebuli qmedebebisgan, raTa adamianis uflebadamcvelebis dacvisa da maTi saqmianobis mxardaWeris gaumjobesebis Sesaxeb evropis sabWos ministrTa komitetebis deklaraciis Tanaxmad, adamianis uflebadamcvelebma SeZlon Tavisuflad moqmedeba. 11.1. uzrunvelyofs Tu ara saxelmwifo adamianis uflebebis damcveli organizaciebis efeqtur dacvas mesame pirTagan momdinare mtruli damokidebulebisa da agresiisagan? 11.1. gamocdileba gviCvenebs, rom xSirad saxelmwifo organoebi ver axerxeben moqmedebas, an maTi qmedebebi arasakmarisad efeqturia adamianis uflebadamcveli organizaciebis da pirebis mtruli damokidebulebebisagan da agresiisagan dasacavad. (ix. qeisi #I18 internetis meSveobiT gavrcelebuli muqaris Taobaze, saqme #I12A IDAHO-sadmi miZRvnili mSvidobiani msvlelobis monawileebze Tavdasxmis Sesaxeb da `CEDAW-is Crdilovani angariSisaTvis giorgi gociriZis mier micemuli interviu.152) 11.2. dadebiTi pasuxis SemTxvevaSi, vrceldeba Tu ara es pasuxi lgbt uflebadacviT organizaciebzec? 11.2. ix. pasuxi 11.1.
152 saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociaciis~ iuristma, giorgi gociriZem xazi gausva nebis ararsebobas saxelmwifos mxridan, rom efeqturad iqnes gamoZiebuli jgufis wevrTa mimarT Cadenili danaSaulebi. man magaliTad moiyvana samarTaldamcvelTa umoqmedoba internetis, ZiriTadad socialuri qselebis meSveobiT ganxorcielebul muqarebTan dakavSirebiT. `miuxedavad imisa, rom Zalian martivia muqaris avtoris dadgena Sesabamisi internet provaiderisgan aipis gamoTxovis meSveobiT, es procesi iweleba da realurad samarTaldamcvelebi ar amJRavneben survils, rom aseTi tipis saqmeebi gamoiZion. ...am SemTxvevaSi xarvezi ar aris kanonSi. cvlileba saWiroa samarTaldamcveli organoebis mxridan midgomaSi, rom meti seri ozulobiT, meti skrupulozurobiT moekidon konkretulad muqarasTan dakavSirebiT gakeTebul saCivrebs~. saqarTveloSi lbt qalTa mdgomareobis amsaxveli Crdilovani angariSi CEDAW komitetisaTvis. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufi~. WISG. Tbilisi, 2012. gv. 21-22. WISG. 2012. bmuli: http://women.ge/wp-content/ uploads/2012/05/WISG-LBT-CEDAW-shadow-report_geo.pdf

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11.3. arsebobs Tu ara magaliTebi saxelmwifos mxridan miRebuli zomebisa, romlebic msgavsi organizaciebis saqmianobis pativiscemisken da iseTi samuSao garemos Seqmnisken iqneboda mimarTuli, sadac aseTi organizaciebi Tavisuflad ganaxorcieleben TavanT saqmianobas? 11.3. TbilisSi, 2012 wlis 17 maiss IDAHO-s demonstraciaze mitanili Setevis Semdeg (ix. saqme N12a), organizacia `identoba~, romelic RonisZiebis organizatori gaxldaT da misi TanamSromlebi garkveuli problemebis winaSe dadgnen. kerZod, problemebi SeeqmnaT maTi ofisis mezoblad mcxovreb mosaxleobasTan. ofisidan gamosvlisas, zogierTma mezobelma dainaxa aqciisTvis momzadebuli plakatebi da Seuracxmyofeli gancxadebebi da muqara gaaJRera `identobis~ TanamSromlebis mimarT. IDAHO-sadmi miZRvnili msvleloba da misi daSla saqarTvelos TiTqmis yvela masobrivi informaciis saSualebis mier gaSuqda. im dRes, rodesac msvlelobis monawileebze Tavdasxma moxda, `identobis~ ofisTan sapatrulo policiis manqana patrulirebda, Tumca, oficrebi organizaciis arc erT warmomadgenels ar gamolaparakebian. `identobas~ axali ofisis moZebnam mouwia da sanam mas ipovnida, garkveuli periodiT organizacia `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWerma jgufis~ ofisiT sargeblobda. 11.4. aqvT Tu ara SesaZlebloba lgbt adamianis uflebaTadamcvel organizaciebs imuSaon: adamianis uflebaTadamcvel organizaciebTan da ombudsmenTan erovnul doneze masmediasTan sxva adamianis uflebaTadamcvel organizaciebTan? 11.4. a) lgbt pirebis adamianis uflebebis damcvel organizaciebs SeuZliaT erovnul adamianis uflebebis damcvel organizaciebTan da saxalxo damcvelis ofisTan TanamSromloba. am TvalsazrisiT, `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWer jgufs~ ombudsmenis ofisTan rogorc dadebiTi, aseve uaryofiTi TanamSromlobis gamocdileba gaaCnia.153 saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis sapasuxo werilSi naTqvamia, rom saxalxo damcvelis aparati `yovelTvis gamoxatavs mzadyofnas iTanamSromlos nebismier arasamTavrobo organizaciasTan. am etapze saqarTvelos saxalxo damcveli aqtiurad TanamSromlobs lgbt adamianis uflebadamcvel ramdenime organizaciasTan. samwuxarod, individualuri saqmeebis kuTxiT TanamSromloba ar aris intensiuri, saqmeebis ar arsebobis gamo. bolo ramdenime wlis manZilze adgili hqonda mxolod erTeul SemTxvevebs, rodesac saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvels mimarTes. aRniSnul SemTxvevebsa da faqtebze saxalxo damcvelma efeqturi reagireba moaxdina, rac aisaxa saparlamento angariSebSic~.154 b). saqarTveloSi moqmedi samive lgbt organizacia aqtiurad TanamSromlobs JurnalistTa qartiis xelmomwer media saSualebebTan da media eTikis sabWosTan. g). samive organizacia TanamSromlobs sxvadasxva uflebadamcvel da sxva arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan, romlebic muSaoben momijnave sakiTxebze: qalTa uflebebi, janmrTeloba, genderuli sakiTxebi, umciresobaTa uflebebi da sxv. Tumca, arseboben gamonaklisebi, radgan zogi uflebadamcveli organizacia da advokatTa korpusis warmomadgeneli Riad gamoxatavs TavianT homofobiur damokidebulebas. (ix. sqolio 147). 11.5. SeuZliaT Tu ara maT monawileoba miiRon saswavlo sesiebSi, saerTaSoriso konferenciebsa da adamianis uflebebTan dakavSirebul sxva RonisZiebebSi? 11.5. saqarTveloSi moqmedi lgbt organizaciebi arian sxvadasxva adgilobrivi da saerTaSoriso
153 Tavis sajaro gamosvlebSi saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelma, giorgi tuRuSma xazi gausva im faqts, rom mis am Tanamdebobaze daniSvnis dRidan (2009 wlis 16 seqtemberi) homofobiiT motivirebuli arcerTi danaSauli ar momxdara. Tumca, cxadia, man icoda saqmis `aRdgomelaSvili da jafariZe saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg~ (reg. 7224/11) Sesaxeb, romelic policiis mier gamomJRavnebuli homofobiis sakiTxze (ix. saqme 19.) saqarTvelodan adamianis uflebaTa evropis sasamarTloSi gagzavnil pirvel saqmes warmoadgenda; rogorc Cans, misi azriT es ar iyo saqme homofobiis Sesaxeb. 154 saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis aparatis sapasuxo werili, N.706/04-11, TariRi: 17.07.2012

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qselebis wevrebi; isini regularulad iReben monawileobas konferenciebSi, Treiningebsa da sxvadasxva RonisZiebebSi rogorc adgilobriv, ise saerTaSoriso doneze. 11.6. gaTvaliswinebulia Tu ara uflebadamcvelTa dacvisa da daxmarebis zomebi mesame qveynebSi. mag. rogoricaa daswreba/dakvirveba sasamarTlo procesebze, vizebis saswrafo wesiT gacema da sxv? 11.6. ar aris sakmarisi informacia SefasebisTvis. 12. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda uzrunvelyon saTanado konsultaciis gavla lesboseli, gei, biseqsuali da transgenderi adamianebis uflebadamcvel arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan iseTi zomebis miRebisas da ganxorcielebisas, romlebmac SesaZloa gavlena iqonios lesboseli, gei, biseqsuali da transgenderi adamianebis mdgomareobaze. 12.1.gadian Tu ara lgbt organizaciebTan konsultaciebs im zomebis miRebasa da ganxorcielebaze, romelic exeba lgbt adamianebis uflebebs? 12.1. am etapze TanamSromloba ufro calmxriv xasiaTs atarebs. ZiriTadad swored lgbt organizaciebi agzavnian TavianT winadadebebs saxelmwifo dawesebulebebSi (mag.: saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsSi Sesworebis inicireba, romlis mixedviTac siZulvilis motivi lgbt pirebis mimarT cnobili iqna Cadenili danaSaulis damamZimebel garemoebad,155 `identobis~ mier momzadebuli winadadeba sqesis aRdgenis qirurgiuli operaciis saxelmwifos mier Tanadafinansebis Sesaxeb, piradobis damadasturebeli sabuTebis Secvlis procesSi transgenderi adamianebis mier gancdili problemebis Sesaxeb politikuri dokumentis momzadebis Taobaze da a.S.). 12.2. Catarda Tu ara konsultaciebi am rekomendaciis Sesasruleblad? 12.2. ara.

III. gamoxatvisa da mSvidobiani Sekrebis Tavisufleba

13. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon Sesabamisi zomebi, raTa uzrunvelyon konvenciis me-10 muxlis Tanaxmad gamoxatvis Tavisuflebis efeqturi gamoyeneba seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis safuZvelze diskriminaciis gareSe. maT Soris, seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis Sesaxeb informaciis miRebisa da gavrcelebis Tavisufleba. 13.1.uzrunvelyo Tu ara xelisuflebam (a) seqsualur orientaciasa da (b) genderul identobasTan dakavSirebuli informaciisa da ideebis miRebisa da gacemis Tavisufleba, maT Soris: informacia lgbt adamianTa uflebebis mxardamWeri aqtivobebis Sesaxeb masalebis gamoqveyneba mas-mediis saSualebebiT gaSuqeba konferenciebis organizeba/konferenciebSi monawileoba informaciis gavrceleba/xelmisawvdomoba usafrTxo seqsualuri praqtikebis Sesaxeb?

13.2. an piriqiT, yofila Tu ara SemTxvevebi, roca gamoxatvis Tavisufleba SeizRuda? 13.1.-2. saxelmwifo arc axalisebs da arc krZalavs seqsualur orientaciasa da genderul identobasTan dakavSirebuli informaciisa da ideebis gavrcelebas; saqarTveloSi moqmedebs sxvadasxva vebgverdebi da blogebi lgbt sakiTxebze: lesbi.org.ge; minority.ge; identoba.org, gay.ge; gay-batumi.com da a.S. lgbt organizaciebi Tavisuflad beWdaven da avrceleben sxvadasxva saxis masalebs lgbt sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT; awyoben Sexvedrebs.
155 Tumca, saxalxo damcvelis ofisis werilSi agreTve aRniSnuli iyo, rom am cvlilebas saxalxo damcvelic aqtiurad lobirebda.

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13.3. waxalisebuli aqvs Tu ara xelisuflebas masmediaSi pluralizmi da aradiskriminaciuloba (a) seqsualur orientaciasTan an (b) genderul identobasTan mimarTebaSi? 13.3. 2012 wlamde aseTi precedenti ar yofila. TavianT sajaro ritorikaSi saxelmwifo moxeleebi yovelTvis xazs usvamdnen tolerantobas da mis mniSvnelovnebas eTnikuri da religiuri jgufebis mimarT, Tumca, maT urCevniaT dumili SeinarCunon seqsualur umciresobasTan dakavSirebuli problemebis mTeli speqtris Taobaze.156 2012 wels saxelmwifo organoebma da saxalxo damcvelma aseTi gancxadebebi pirvelad gaakeTes157. 14. wevrma saxelmwifoebma saerTaSoriso, erovnul da adgilobriv doneze unda miiRon Sesabamisi zomebi, raTa uzrunvelyon konvenciis me-11 muxlis Tanaxmad mSvidobiani Sekrebis TavisuflebiT sargebloba seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT diskriminaciis gareSe. 14.1. uzrunvelyofs Tu ara xelisufleba lgbt adamianebisTvis mSvidobiani Sekrebis Tavisuflebas? 14.1. 2011-2012 wlebSi WISG-ma Caatara sxvadasxva Tematuri fleS-mobebi. qalaqis meria winaswar iyo informirebuli yvela am aqciis Sesaxeb. merias aseve winaswar miewoda informacia organizacia `identobis~ mier 17 maiss dagegmili msvlelobis Sesaxeb. yvela zemoxsenebul SemTxvevaSi Tbilisis merias uari ar uTqvams nebarTvis gacemaze da droulad upasuxa mimarTvas. 15. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda uzrunvelyon, rom samarTaldamcavma organoebma miiRon Sesabamisi zomebi lesboseli, gei, biseqsuali da transgenderi adamianebis uflebebisTvis gamarTuli mSvidobiani demonstraciis monawileebis dasacavad, aRniSnuli demonstraciis ukanono Sewyvetis an Sekrebis TavisuflebiT sargeblobaSi xelis SeSlis mcdelobebis aRsakveTad. 15.1.iyo Tu ara mtruli damokidebulebis SemTxvevebi lgbt jgufis Sekrebis TavisuflebiT sargeblobisas, miiRes Tu ara samarTaldamcavma organoebma safuZvliani da Sesabamisi zomebi kanonieri demonstraciebis mSvidobianad mimdinareobis uzrunvelsayofad? 15.1. rac Seexeba lgbt mSvidobiani msvlelobis monawileTa dacvas samarTaldamcavTa mier, am kuTxiT arsebobs rogorc dadebiTi, aseve uaryofiTi magaliTebi. 2012 wlis 17 maiss, magaliTad, policiam ver SeZlo mSvidobiani demonstrantebis mesame mxaris mier ganxorcielebuli Zaladobisagan dacva. (ix.qeisi #I12a). Tumca, 18 maiss, rodesac demonstracia TbilisSi, parlamentis Senobis win iqna organizebuli, policiam efeqturad daicva demonstrantebi mtrulad ganwyobili mesame pirTagan158. lgbt organizaciebi da maTi mxardamWerebi, maT Soris saqarTveloSi arsebuli diplomatiuri misiebis warmomadgenlebi, parlamentis win mowyobil demonstraciaSi monawileobdnen.
156 e. aRdgomelaSvili. seqsualuri orientaciis/genderuli identobis reprezentacia mediaSi (2011 wlis maisis mdgomareobiT). mediis ganviTarebis fondi (MDF). http://www.mdfgeorgia.ge/index.php?&address=&menuid=16&id=54&lang=1 157 saparlamento umravlesoba: adamianebis mimarT diskriminaciuli midgoma akrZalulia~. 22.05.2012. eqspresniusi. http:// www.epn.ge/?p=109923; `kublaSvili: seqsualuri umciresobebisaTvis SezRudvebi ar dawesdeba~. n. cecxlaZe. netgazeTi. 22.05.2012. http://www.netgazeti.ge/GE/105/opinion/9905/; ombudsmeni qristiandemokratebis homofobiis winaaRmdeg. Tazo kupreiSvili. netgazeTi. 22.05.2012. http://www.netgazeti.ge/GE/105/News/9908/ 158 ramdenime aTeuli lgbt (lesboseli, gei, biseqsuali da transseqsuali) aqtivisti da maTi momxreebi 18 maiss parlamentis Senobis win Seikribnen, raTa protesti gamoexataT Zaladobis winaaRmdeg, romelsac wina dRiT hqonda adgili, rodesac filarmoniis mimdebare teritoriidan rusTavelis gamzirisken mimaval lgbt aqtivisTa msvlelobas gza gadauRobes `marTlmadidebel mSobelTa kavSiris~ wevrebma, maTma momxreebma da sasuliero pirebma. ramdenime umniSvnelo daZabuli momentis miuxedavad parlamentis win gamarTuli erTsaaTiani aqcia homofobiisa da Zaladobis winaaRmdeg mSvidobianad dasrulda. ramdenime gamvleli ecada sityvieri Seuracxyofa mieyenebina aqciis monawileTaTvis, Tumca seriozuli incidentebs adgili ar hqonia. erT momentSi policiis TanamSromlebma aqciis monawileebs gaarides erTi axalgazrda mamakaci, raTa mis mxridan dawyebul sityvier Seuracxyofebs garTuleba ar mohyoloda. axalgazrdam saboloo jamSi qaSueTis eklesias Seafara Tavi, romlis moZRvaric eklesiis mxares Sekrebil adamianebs afrTxilebda, rom ar mikarebodnen parlamentis win gamarTul aqcias, raTa adgili ar hqonoda SesaZlo `provokaciebs~ lgbt aqtivistebis mxridan. web-portal civil.ge. 18.05.2012. http://www.civil.ge/eng/category.php?id=87&gallery=81

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15.2. kerZod, efeqturad daucavs Tu ara policias lgbt mSvidobiani demonstraciebis monawileebi? 15.2. ix. pasuxi 15.1 15.3. moqmedebda Tu ara policia principulad da pativiscemiT lgbt adamianebisa da maTi mxardamWerebis mimarT, rodesac Sekrebis Tavisuflebis mxardamWer lgbt RonisZiebebis farglebSi wesrigs icavda? 15.3. ix. pasuxi 15.1 16. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon Sesabamisi zomebi, raTa Tavidan aicilon gamoxatvisa da mSvidobiani Sekrebis Tavisuflebis SezRudva, romelic gamowveuli iqneba samarTlebrivi da administraciuli debulebebis, rogoricaa sazogadoebrivi janmrTeloba, morali da wesrigi, borotad gamoyenebiT. 16.1. SeuzRudavs Tu ara xelisuflebas Sekrebis Tavisuflebis mxardamWeri RonisZieba? Tu asea, ra mizeziT? 16.1. lgbt adamianebis Sekrebis Tavisuflebis an lgbt TemasTan dakavSirebuli RonisZiebebis Catarebis SezRudvas an akrZalvas saxelmwifos mxridan dRemde adgili ar hqonia. 16.2. dauwesebia Tu ara gansakuTrebuli pirobebi lgbt demonstraciebis Catarebis drosTan an marSutTan dakavSirebiT, romlebic Cveulebriv sxva demonstraciebis mimarT ar gamoiyeneba? 16.2. meriis mier gacemul arc erT nebarTvaSi ar yofila miTiTebuli raime specialuri winapiroba RonisZiebis Catarebis marSrutsa da drosTan dakavSirebiT. 16.3. Tu SeuzRudavs, SesaZlebeli iyo Tu ara maTi gasaCivreba sasamarTloSi an gadawyvetilebis gadasinjva sxva damoukidebeli meqanizmebis saSualebiT? 16.3. N/A 17. xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebs yvela doneze unda moewodoT, rom sajarod dagmon, gansakuTrebiT masmediaSi, gamoxatvis Tavisuflebisa da mSvidobiani Sekrebis individualur da jgufur uflebaSi nebismieri arakanonieri Careva, gansakuTrebiT roca es exeba adamianis uflebebs lesboselebis, geebis, biseqsualebsa da transgenderebTan mimarTebaSi. 17.1. Tuki moxda ukanonod Careva gamoxatvis Tavisuflebasa da mSvidobian SekrebaSi: moyva Tu ara amas waxaliseba xelisuflebis mxridan, raTa amgvari Careva daegmoT? moxda Tu ara msgavsi Carevis faqtobrivi dagmoba Tavad xelisuflebis mxridan? 17.1. darbeva gaSuqda rogorc adgilobrivi aseve saerTaSoriso mediis mier. 159 adgilobrivma adamianis uflebadamcvelma organizaciebma gaavrceles gancxadeba socialur qselebsa da mediaSi.160 darbevas gamoexmaura saxalxo damcveli, parlamentis evrointegraciis komitetis Tavmjdomare (ix. pasuxi 17.23), Tumca, ar yofila oficialuri sajaro gancxadeba darbevis dagmobis Sesaxeb saxelmwifos mxridan. 17.2. lbgt jgufis wevrebis mSvidobiani Sekrebis mimarT sazogadoebis mxridan mtruli damokidebulebis gamomJRavnebisas, daicva Tu ara xelisuflebam es ufleba sajarod? 17.3. Tu piriqiT, xelisuflebam moiwona da mxari dauWira mtrul damokidebulebas lgbt mSvidobiani RonisZiebis Sekrebis mimarT?
159 Fighting at gay rights march in Tbilisi Georgia. 17 May 2012. BBC News. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-18109022, Georgia gay-pride march ends in fist fight. 17 May 2012. Euronews. http://www.euronews.com/2012/05/17/georgia-gay-pride-march-ends-in-fist-fight/; A Backlash in Georgia. By Haley Sweetland Edwards. June 14. 2012. New York Times. http://latitude.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/06/14/progress-bygeorgias-gays-spurs-a-backlash/ etc. 160 arasamTavrobo organizaciebis gancxadeba lgbt pirebis Sekrebis uflebis darRvevaze. 18.05.2012. http://www.npo.ge/ story/arasamtavroboebis-gantskhadeba-lgbt-pirebis-shekrebis-uple; koalicia evropuli saqarTvelosaTvis gancxadeba 17 maiss momxdari incidentis gamo. http://www.npo.ge/story/koalitsia-evropuli-sakartvelostvis-gantskhadeba-17-maiss-m

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17.2-3 17 maiss IDAHO-s demonstraciis CaSlis Semdeg (ix. qeisi #I12A), evropasTan integraciis komitetis Tavmjdomarem daviT darCiaSvilma ganacxada: `Tu aqcia sxvebis uflebebis Selaxvisken ar aris mimarTuli da TviTgamoxatvis formaa, rac ar unda miuRebeli iyos igi vinmesTvis, Tavisufal qveyanaSi aseTi aqciebi tardeba xolme. Cven an Tavisufali qveyana unda viyoT, an _ ara. ar SeiZleba, ilaparako, rom ginda demokratia da es mxolod SenTvis gindodes~,- aRniSna parlamentis wevrma da aseve xazi gausva, rom nebismieri saxis fizikuri Setakeba aris ukanono da unda daregulirdes samarTaldamcavebis mier161. saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelma, romelmac gaakeTa gancxadeba 17 maisTan dakavSirebiT,162 aseve mkacrad dagmo Tavdasxmis faqti: `saqarTvelos saxalxo damcveli dauSveblad miiCnevs Seuwynareblobis niadagze ganxorcielebul nebismier Zaladobriv qmedebas. mSvidobiani aqciis Catarebis uflebiT sargeblobisaTvis saTanado pirobebis Seqmna samarTaldamcavi organoebis pozitiuri valdebulebaa. msgavsi msvlelobis winaaRmdeg Cadenili samarTaldarRveva swraf da adekvatur reagirebas moiTxovs~. saxalxo damcvels miaCnia, rom aucilebelia msgavs SemTxvevebSi saxelmwifom gaataros drouli da efeqturi RonisZiebebi Seuwynareblobis niadagze ganxorcielebuli qmedebebis aRkveTisa da prevenciis mizniT~.163

IV. piradi da ojaxuri cxovrebis pativiscemis ufleba

18. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda uzrunvelyon srulwlovan pirebs Soris erTsqesiani nebayoflobiTi seqsualuri kavSiris sisxlis samarTlebrivad amkrZalavi yvelanairi diskriminaciuli kanonmdeblobis gauqmeba, maT Soris iseTi kanonmdeblobisa, romelic gansxvavebulad gansazRvravs Tanxmobis asaks erTsqesiani da heteroseqsualuri aqtebisTvis; garda amisa, wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon Sesabamisi zomebi, raTa uzrunvelyon im sisxlis samarTlis debulebebis gauqmeba, Secvla an antidiskriminaciul principTan Sesabamisad ganmarteba, romlebic formulirebis gamo SesaZloa diskriminaciuli kuTxiT iqnan gamoyenebulni. 18.1. aris Tu ara kanonmdeblobaSi kriminalizebuli erTsqesiani seqsualuri kavSirebi? gansxvavdeba Tu ara Tanxmobis asaki (homo da heteroseqsualuri kavSirebisaTvis)? Tu erT-erTi am oridan arsebobs ra nabijebs dgams xelisufleba, rom gauqmdes aseTi kanonmdebloba? 18.1. ara, aseTi kanoni ar arsebobs. Tanxmobis asaki _ 16 weli _ igivea rogorc homoseqsuali, aseve heteroseqsuali adamianebisTvis. 18.2. arsebobs Tu ara iseTi sisxlis samarTlis debulebebi, romlebsac maTi formulirebis an moqmedebis sferos gamo mivyavarT diskriminaciuli midgomis gamoyenebamde (a) seqsualuri orientaciisa da (b) genderuli identobis mimarT? Tu asea, aseT SemTxvevaSi ra zomebs iRebs xelisufleba am situaciis gamosasworeblad? 18.2. sisxlis samarTlis kanonmdebloba ar Seicavs raime debulebebs, romelTa gamoyenebac diskriminaciis gansaxorcieleblad iqneboda SesaZlebeli. 19. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda uzrunvelyon, rom ar moxdes pirovnebis seqsualur orientaciasTan an genderul identobasTan dakavSirebuli piradi informaciis Segroveba, Senaxva da sajaro dawesebulebebis mier sxvagvarad gamoyeneba, gansakuTrebiT samarTaldamcavi organoebis mier, garda im Sem161 daviT darCiaSvili seqsualuri umciresobebis aqcias TviTgamoxatvis formad miiCnevs. sainformacio saagento `medianiusi.~ 17.05.2012. http://medianews.ge/ge/davitdarchiashviliseqsualuriumtsiresobebisaqtsiastvitgamokhatvisformadmiichnevs/4486 162 saxalxo damcvelis gancxadeba homofobiis winaaRmdeg brZolis saerTaSoriso dResTan dakavSirebiT. 17.05.2012. http:// www.ombudsman.ge/index.php?page=1001&lang=0&n=0&id=1500 163 saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis gancxadeba 2012 wlis 17 maisis movlenebTan dakavSirebiT, 2012. 18.05.2010. http://www. ombudsman.ge/index.php?page=1001&lang=0&n=0&id=1501

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Txvevebisa, rodesac es aucilebelia gansakuTrebuli, kanoniT gansazRvruli da legitimuri miznis misaRwevad; arsebuli Canawerebi, romlebic mocemul principebs ar Seesabameba, unda ganadgurdes. 19.1. ra nabijebi gadaidga imis uzrunvelsayofad, raTa xelisuflebam daicvas moTxovnebi (a) seqsualur orientaciasa da (b) genderul identobasTan dakavSirebul CanawerebTan dakavSirebiT, gansakuTrebiT rodesac aseTi Canawerebi gakeTebulia samarTaldamcavi organoebis mier? 19.1. pirovnebis seqsualur orientaciasTan an genderul identobasTan dakavSirebuli informacia aris piradi xasiaTis da eqvemdebareba dacvis gansakuTrebul reJims. Tumca, 2011 wels kanonmdeblobaSi Setanili Sesworeba sagangaSoa am TvalsazrisiT. masSi naTqvamia, rom `sajaro interesis~ arsebobis SemTxvevaSi nebadarTulia pirovnebis Sesaxeb piraduli, maT Soris seqsualuri orientaciis Sesaxeb informaciis Segroveba, damuSaveba da gavrceleba.164 miuxedavad imisa, rom ar arsebobs arc oficialuri, arc raime erTpirovnuli gansazRvreba imisa, Tu ras warmoadgens `sajaro interesebi~, JurnalistTa da uflebadamcvelTa SekiTxvas, Tu ras gulisxmobda `sajaro interesi~, adamianis uflebaTa dacvis saparlamento komitetis (yofilma) Tavmjdomarem laSa Tordiam aseTi pasuxi gasca: `sabavSvo baRs, an romelime jandacvis obieqts rom hqondes informacia, Tavisi mniSvnelobidan gamomdinare, aris Tu ara adamiani dainficirebuli Sidsis virusiT, an sabavSvo baRs rom hqondes informacia adamianis seqsualuri orientaciis Sesaxeb~.165 damateba jer ar Sesula ZalaSi. Tavis sapasuxo werilSi iusticiis saministrom miuTiTa, rom akrZalvis gamonaklis SemTxvevebTan dakavSirebiT SeimuSaves sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebis proeqti `personaluri monacemebis dacvis Sesaxeb~ kanonSi, romelic wardgenilia saqarTvelos parlamentSi gansaxilvelad. aRniSnuli cvlilebebis Tanaxmad, monacemebis damuSavebis akrZalva ar imoqmedebs Tu: a) monacemTa subieqtma gamoxata werilobiTi Tanxmoba gansakuTrebuli kategoriis monacemTa damuSavebaze; b) monacemTa subieqtma sajaro gaxada mis Sesaxeb monacemebi maTi gamoyenebis aSkara akrZalvis gareSe; g) monacemTa damuSaveba aucilebelia dammuSaveblis mier SromiTi valdebulebis SesrulebisaTvis an masTan dakavSirebuli uflebis ganxorcielebisaTvis; d) damuSaveba aucilebelia monacemTa subieqtis an mesame piris sasicocxlo interesebis dasacavad da monacemTa subieqts fizikurad an samarTlebrivad unari ar aqvs ganacxados Tanxmoba; e) monacemTa damuSaveba xorcieldeba sazogadoebrivi jandacvis miznebisaTvis, janmrTelobis dacvis dawesebulebis (muSakis) mier fizikuri piris janmrTelobis dacvis miznebisaTvis, agreTve Tu es aucilebelia janmrTelobis dacvis sistemis marTvisaTvis an funqcionirebisaTvis; v) damuSaveba xorcieldeba legitimuri saqmianobis ganxorcielebisas politikuri, filosofiuri, religiuri an savaWro xasiaTis mqone gaerTianebis, asociaciis an sxva arakomerciuli organizaciis mier. aseT SemTxvevaSi monacemTa damuSaveba SeiZleba exebodes mxolod am organizaciis wevrebs an pirebs, romlebsac mudmivi kavSiri aqvT am organizaciasTan. (am SemTxvevaSi dauSvebeli iqneba monacemTa gamJRavneba mesame pirisaTvis monacemTa subieqtis Tanxmobis gareSe).166 iusticiis saministros sapasuxo werilSi miTiTebulia, rom: `mocemuli gamonaklisi, romelic cvlilebis saxiT Seva personaluri monacemebis dacvis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos kanonSi, Tematurad ukavSirdeba gansakuTrebuli kategoriis monacemTa (sensitive data) damuSavebis aqtualobas. am mxriv, kanonis me-6 muxlSi zustad gadavida evrokavSiris direqtiviT (EC/95/46) gaTvalisiwinebuli monacemTa damuSavebis safuZvlebi. cvlilebebis mizania evrokavSiris standartebTan, aseve evropis sabWos moTxovnebTan ukeTesi Sesabamisobis uzrunvelyofa~.
164 msgavsi saxis sxva informacia; mag.: religia, filosofiuri rwmena da a.S. 165 araviTari piradi.~ m.mecxvariSvili. netgazeTi. 10.01.2010. bmuli: http://netgazeti.ge/GE/27/News/2534/?sms_ss=facebook&at_ xt=4ca88497a59d6ab6%2C0. 166 saqarTvelos iusticiis saministros sapasuxo werili, N.26948, TariRi: 26.06.2012.

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xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebi xazgasmiT aRniSnaven, rom monacemTa subieqti sargeblobs garkveuli uflebebiT, rac aZlevs mas saSualebas gaakontrolos sakuTari monacemebis damuSavebis procesi. monacemTa subieqts ufleba aqvs, monacemTa dammuSavebels mosTxovos informacia masze arsebuli monacemebis damuSavebis Taobaze. Tavis mxriv, monacemTa dammuSavebelma moTxovnidan araugvianes 10 dRisa, monacemTa subieqts unda miawodos Semdegi informacia: mis Sesaxeb romeli monacemebi muSavdeba; monacemTa damuSavebis mizani; monacemTa damuSavebis samarTlebrivi safuZveli; ra gziT Segrovda monacemebi; visze gaica mis Sesaxeb monacemebi, monacemTa gacemis safuZveli da mizani. monacemTa subieqtis moTxovnis SemTxvevaSi monacemTa dammuSavebeli valdebulia gaasworos, ganaaxlos, daamatos, dablokos, waSalos an gaanadguros monacemebi, Tu isini arasrulia, arazustia, ar aris ganaxlebuli an Tu maTi Segroveba da damuSaveba ganxorcielda kanonis sawinaaRmdegod.167 es ukanaskneli ufleba, romelsac sxva pirobebSi `piraduli monacemebis Sesaxeb kanonis~ farglebSi uflebamosilebis borotad gamoyenebis winaaRmdeg Zlieri dacvis meqanizmis rolis Sesruleba SeuZlia, albaT araefeqturi iqneba lgbt pirebis uflebaTa dacvis konteqstSi. Tuki piri ekuTvnis lgbt jgufs, mas ar gaaCnia ufleba mimarTos mTavrobas misi seqsualuri orientaciis an genderuli identobis Sesaxeb monacemebis waSlis/dablokvis/ganadgurebis moTxovniT. amavdroulad, qveyanaSi arsebuli homofobiuri garemos pirobebSi, aseTi informaciis oficialuri formiT arsebobas da metic _ mis mesame pirebisaTvis gadacemas _ piris cxovrebaze uaRresad uaryofiTi zegavlenis moxdena SeuZlia da namdvilad ver daexmareba misi fundamenturi uflebebis da Tavisuflebebis dacvaSi. meore mxriv, saqarTveloSi jer kidev cocxalia sabWoTa memkvidreoba, romlis mixedviTac pirs miekereboda lgbt jgufis warmomadgenlis iarliyi sazogadoebis TvalSi misi reputaciis Selaxvis mizniT. Zalian rTulia imis danaxva, Tu rogor SeiZleba am praqtikis Secvla. samoqalaqo aqtebis registracias saqarTveloSi axorcielebs samoqalaqo reestris saagento, romelic eqvemdebareba saqarTvelos iusticiis saministros. samoqalaqo reestris saagentos funqciebia: a) dabadebis, qorwinebis, ganqorwinebis, mamobis dadgenis, Svilad ayvanis, saxelis, mamis saxelis, gvaris, moqalaqeobis Secvlisa da gardacvalebis faqtebis registracia; b) samoqalaqo aqtebis Canawerebis Sesworeba, Secvla, aRdgena da gauqmeba; g) samoqalaqo aqtebis registraciis Taobaze ganmeorebiTi mowmobebisa da cnobebis gacema; d) samoqalaqo aqtebis Sesaxeb saarqivo fondis Seqmna, aRricxva da Senaxva; e) sacxovrebeli adgilis mixedviT fizikur pirTa registracia da registraciidan moxsna, Sesabamisi piradobisa da binadrobis mowmobebis gacema; v) saqarTvelos moqalaqis pasportis (saqarTveloSi mudmivad mcxovrebi moqalaqeobis armqone piris samgzavro pasportis) gacema da Secvla; z) sainformacio baraTis gacema; T) saqarTvelos moqalaqeebze maT sazRvargareT daqorwinebis mizniT qorwinebis damabrkolebeli garemoebebis ar arsebobis Sesaxeb cnobis gacema; i) ucxoelisa da saqarTvelos moqalaqis, ucxoelebis qorwinebis registraciaze nebarTvis gacema; k) saxelis, mamis saxelis, gvaris Secvlis Sesaxeb saagentos teritoriuli samsaxuris mier warmodgenili moqalaqis gancxadebisa da TandarTuli sabuTebis ganxilva da damtkiceba; l) gvaris Sesworebis (aRdgenis) Sesaxeb saagentos teritoriuli samsaxuris mier warmodgenili moqalaqis gancxadebisa da TandarTuli sabuTebis ganxilva da damtkiceba; m) moqmedi kanonmdeblobiT gaTvaliswinebuli wesiT, samoqalaqo aqtebis registraciasTan dakavSirebuli saqmianobis organizeba, koordinacia da meToduri xelmZRvaneloba; calkeuli saxis samoqalaqo aqtebis registraciasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis gadawyveta; n) samoqalaqo reestris warmoebis uzrunvelyofa: n.a) moqalaqeobis, samoqalaqo aqtebis registraciis, migraciis sainformacio bankis formirebis uzrunvelyofa; n.b) saqarTvelos moqalaqeTa da saqarTveloSi mcxovreb ucxoelTa piradobis dadasturebis, saqarTvelos moqalaqis pasportis (samgzavro pasportis) gacemasTan dakavSirebuli sainformacio bankis formirebis uzrunvelyofa; n.g) saqarTveloSi droebiT myof ucxoelTa registraciasTan dakavSirebuli sainformacio bankis formirebis uzrunvelyofa; o) saagentos teritoriuli samsaxurebis mier gaweuli saqmianobis Sede167 iqve.

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gebis perioduli Sejameba, Sefaseba da analizi; p) saagentos teritoriuli samsaxurebis blankebiT (mkacri aRricxvis sabuTebiT) uzrunvelyofa, maT Senaxvasa da gamoyenebaze kontrolis ganxorcieleba; J) saagentos teritoriuli samsaxurebis saqmianobis srulyofis mizniT perspeqtiuli da mimdinare gegmebis SemuSaveba da ganxorcieleba; r) saagentos kompetencias mikuTvnebul sferoSi moqmedi normatiuli aqtebis srulyofis Sesaxeb winadadebebis periodulad momzadeba da Tavisi kompetenciis farglebSi kontroli am sferoebSi moqmedi kanonmdeblobis Sesrulebaze; s) saagentos teritoriuli samsaxurebis saqmianobis meTodologiuri xelmZRvaneloba da kontroli; t) saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT gaTvaliswinebuli sxva uflebamosilebebis ganxorcieleba. samoqalaqo aqtebis Sesaxeb kanonis mixedviT pirs, romlis mimarTac Sedgenilia Sesabamisi samoqalaqo aqtis Canaweri, ufleba aqvs mimarTos samoqalaqo aqtebis registraciis organos gancxadebiT samoqalaqo aqtis CanawerSi cvlilebis, Sesworebis an/da damatebis Setanis Sesaxeb. samoqalaqo aqtis CanawerSi cvlilebis, Sesworebis an/da damatebis Setanis Sesaxeb gancxadebis wardgenis ufleba agreTve aqvs piris mSobels/mSvilebels _ Svilis/naSvilebis mimarT registrirebul samoqalaqo aqtis CanawerSi sakuTari monacemebis Sesacvlelad.168 19.2. ra nabijebi gadadga xelisuflebam arsebuli Canawerebis ganadgurebis uzrunvelsayofad? 19.2. msgavsi RonisZiebebis Sesaxeb informacia ar mogvepoveba. 19.3. iyo Tu ara es nabijebi efeqturi? arsebobs Tu ara raime mtkicebuleba, rom aseTi Canawerebi ar ganadgurebula? aseTi monacemebis Segroveba grZeldeba? 19.3. 2011 wels parlamentma miiRo kanoni personaluri monacemebis dacvis Sesaxeb, romlis mixedviTac am monacmebis Segroveba dasaSvebia. 20. moTxovnebi, romelTa Sesruleba savaldebuloa sqesis iuridiuli aRiarebisTvis, maT Soris moTxovnebi, romlebic exeba fizikuri xasiaTis cvlilebebs, regularulad unda iqnas gadaxedili, arahumanur moTxovnaTa gauqmebis mizniT. 20.1. moxda Tu ara aseTi prioritetuli moTxovnebis gadaxedva? 20.1. sqesis kvlavminiWebis operaciis Semdeg, pirs SeuZlia Secvalos piradi monacemebi oficialur dokumentebSi.169 axal piradobis mowmobaSi ukve sqesicaa miTiTebuli, rac mdgomareobas ufro urTulebs transgender pirebs, gansakuTrebiT maT, vinc tranziciis procesSi imyofeba da marto pirveli etapi aqvs gavlili. sqesis aRiarebis mTliani procedura moiTxovs minimum or weliwads, Tumca Canaweri ar icvleba, sanam yvela procedura ar dasruldeba sqesis kvlavminiWebis operaciis CaTvliT. Sesabamisad am drois ganmavlobaSi es adamianebi samarTlebrivi dokumentaciis TvalsazrisiT problemur mdgomareobaSi imyofebian.170 20.2. jer kidev arsebobs Tu ara iseTi moTxovnebi, romelic SeiZleba CaiTvalos araproporciulad an Tundac Seuracxmyofelad, rogoricaa:171 Seuqcevadi sterilizacia,
168 kanoni samoqalaqo aqtebis Sesaxeb. muxli 77 (1,2) 169 saqarTvelos iusticiis saministros sapasuxo werili, N.26948, TariRi: 26.06.2012. 170 saqarTveloSi lbt qalTa mdgomareobis amsaxveli Crdilovani angariSi CEDAW komitetisaTvis. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufi~. WISG. Tbilisi, 2012. gv.27. bmuli: http://women.ge/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/WISG-LBT-CEDAWshadow-report_geo.pdf 171 ganmartebiTi memorandumi~ aqcevs yuradRebas `ministrTa komitetis rekomendacias~ N Rec(2007) 17 genderuli Tanasworobis standartebis da meqanizmebis Sesaxeb, romelic adasturebs, rom `rogorc kacebs, aseve qalebs unda gaaCndeT ganuyofeli ufleba miiRon gadawyvetilebebi sakuTari sxeulis Sesaxeb, maT Soris sqesobriv da reproduqtiul sakiTxebze. aseTi aRiareba unda iqnas asaxuli jandacvis momsaxurebis SemuSavebis, ganxorcielebis, xelmisawvdomobis uzrunvelyofis, monitoringis da Sefasebis procesebSi, iseve rogorc kvlevebis prioritetebSi.

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 hormonaluri mkurnaloba, winaswari qirurgiuli procedurebi an imis damadasturebeli sabuTis moTxovna, rom pirovnebas aqvs unari icxovros Secvlili sqesiT xangrZlivi drois ganmavlobaSi? 20.2. saqarTveloSi sqesis kvlavminiWeba xangrZlivi procesia. qirurgiul Carevamde garkveuli periodis ganmavlobaSi (erT wlamde) transgenderi unda imyofebodes fsiqologisa da seqsologis dakvirvebis qveS. procesis dasrulebis Semdeg, specialuri komisia iZleva daskvnas, aris Tu ara aplikanti `WeSmariti transeqsuali~. mxolod am daskvnis aRebis Semdeg SeuZlia transgender pirs Caitaros sqesis kvlavminiWebis qirurgiuli operacia. meore savaldebulo procedura operaciis win hormonaluri Terapiaa. Sesabamisad Seuqcevadi sterilizacia, hormonaluri mkurnaloba da winaswari qirurgiuli procedurebi savaldebuloa transgenderisaTvis axali dokumentis misaRebad. 21. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon Sesabamisi zomebi, raTa cxovrebis yvela sferoSi moaxdinon piris sqesis Secvlis sruli samarTlebrivi aRiareba; kerZod, wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda SesaZlebeli gaxadon oficialur dokumentebSi saxelisa da sqesis Secvla swrafi, gamWvirvale da advilad xelmisawvdomi gziT; wevrma saxelmwifoebma aseve unda uzrunvelyon, saWiroebis mixedviT, arasaxelmwifo erTeulebis mier Secvlili sqesis da aRniSnulTan dakavSirebiT ganxorcielebuli sxva cvlilebebis Sesabamisi aRiareba iseT ZiriTad dokumentebSi, rogoricaa ganaTlebis damadasturebeli diplomi an Sromis wignaki. 21.1. arsebobs Tu ara moqmedi reglamenti, romelic iZleva pirovnebis sqesis Secvlis mTliani iuridiuli aRiarebis garantias cxovrebis yvela sferoSi? 21.2. qmnian Tu ara isini SesaZlebels saxelisa da sqesis Secvlas oficialur dokumentebSi, maT Soris, rogoricaa: dabadebis mowmoba, piradobis damadasturebeli mowmoba, marTvis mowmoba, pasportebi, socialuri dazRvevis baraTebi da nomrebi, saarCevno sia, miwis sakadastro ruka da sxva, swrafi, gamWvirvale da xelmisawvdomi gziT? 21.3. arsebobs Tu ara reglamenti, romelic uzrunvelyofs Sesabamis cvlilebebs saxelmwifo dawesebulebebis mier gamocemul iseT mniSvnelovan dokumentebSi, rogoricaa: diplomebi, samsaxurebrivi mowmobebi da sadazRvevo an sabanko dokumentebi? Tu arsebobs, moicavs Tu ara es reglamenti pirovnebis piradi cxovrebis dacvas imgvarad, rom arcerTi mesame pirisTvis ar gaxdes cnobili informacia sqesis Secvlis Sesaxeb? 21.1-3. kanoni ~samoqalaqo mdgomareobis registraciis Sesaxeb~ mkafiod gansazRvravs sqesis Secvlas, rogorc saxelis Secvlis erT-erT safuZvels. Tumca, es pirdapir ar aris miTiTebuli kanonSi, misi formulireba gulisxmobs, rom pirovnebis saxeli da sqesi unda ~Seesabamebodnen~ erTmaneTs qalisa da mamakacis saxelebis socialurad aRiarebuli gagebis mixedviT.172 Tumca, saqarTvelos kulturisaTvis agreTve damaxasiaTebelia zogierTi sqesobrivad neitraluri saxeli.
172 kvleva homofobiis, transfobiis da seqsualuri orientaciis da genderuli identobis safuZvelze diskriminaciis Sesaxeb. samarTlebrivi analizi: saqarTvelo. damoukidebeli mkvlevari ana nacvliSvili. COWI. 2010. gv. 6 bmuli: http:// www.coe.int/t/commissioner/source/lgbt/georgialegal_e.pdf

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saxelis an gvaris gamocvla piradobis mowmobis Secvlis safuZvels warmoadgens, Tumca, kanoni ar gansazRvravs axali dabadebis mowmobis an umaRlesi ganaTlebis diplomis xelaxla gacemis SesaZleblobas. maTi xelmeored gacema dauSvebelia nebismieri mizeziT.173 agreTve ar aris cxadi, SesaZlebeli iqneba Tu ara praqtikaSi dasaqmebis Sesaxeb cnobis Secvla. 22. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon yvela SesaZlo zoma, raTa me-20 da 21-e paragrafebis Sesabamisad ganxorcielebuli sqesis Secvlis proceduris dasrulebisa da samarTlebrivi aRiarebis Semdgom, uzrunvelyon transgenderi adamianis mier misi axali sqesis sapirispiro sqesis warmomadgenelTan qorwinebis uflebis realuri gamoyeneba. 22.1. aris Tu ara transgenderis ufleba daqorwindes sapirispiro sqesis adamianze kanoniT garantirebuli da iuridiulad aRiarebuli? 22.1. saqarTvelos samoqalaqo kodeqsi wyvils calsaxad gansazRvravs rogorc qalisa da mamakacis wyvils. Teoriulad, Tu pirovneba kanonierad icvlis piradobis damadasturebel dokumentebs, ar arsebobs raime samarTlebrivi winaaRmdegoba transgenderi adamianebisTvis daqorwindnen sapirispiro sqesze. Tumca, WISG-isTvis ucnobia aseTi faqtebis arseboba. 23. erovnuli kanonmdeblobis mier qorwinebaSi armyofi pirebisTvis uflebebisa da valdebulebebis miniWebis SemTxvevaSi, wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda uzrunvelyon, rom aRniSnuli diskriminaciis gareSe moicavdes rogorc erTsqesian, aseve sxvadasxvasqesian wyvilebs, maT Soris cocxlad darCenili partnioris sapensio da saijaro uflebebiT sargeblobis gaTvaliswinebiT. 23.1. aniWebs Tu ara kanonmdebloba uflebebsa da valdebulebebs dauqorwinebel wyvilebs? Tu asea, gadaidga Tu ara nabijebi imis uzrunvelsayofad, rom es uflebebi da movaleobebi gavrceldes erTsqesian wyvilebze? 23.1. ar arsebobs (dauqorwinebel wyvilebs aranairi valdebulebebi ar ekisrebaT). dauqorwinebel wyvilebs SeuZliaT moiTxovon garkveuli uflebebi, Tuki maT SeuZliaT daamtkicon, rom erTobliv meurneobas eweodnen garkveuli drois ganmavlobaSi. eqnebaT Tu ara homoseqsul wyvilebs am mimarTulebiT iseTive uflebebi, rogorc heteroseqsul wyvilebs, praqtikaSi unda Semowmdes. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWer jgufs~ ar gaaCnia raime informacia am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT. problemis amsaxvel erT-erT magaliTs patimris monaxulebis ufleba warmoadgens. aseTi monaxulebis ufleba aqvT qorwinebaSi myof partniorebs an im pirebs, vinc erTian meurneobas ori wlis ganmavlobaSi eweodnen. Tuki aseTi monaxulebis uflebas lgbt piri moiTxovs (da Tu warmovidgenT, rom es moTxovna dakmayofildeba), aman SeiZleba patimrobaSi myofi partnioris stigmatizacia gamoiwvios. 24. erovnuli kanonmdeblobis mier registrirebuli erTsqesiani partniorobis aRiarebis SemTxvevaSi, wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda uzrunvelyon, rom maTi samarTlebrivi statusi, uflebebi da valdebulebebi Sesabamis situaciaSi Tanaswori iyos heteroseqsuali wyvilebis samarTlebriv statusTan, uflebebTan da valdebulebebTan. 24.1. cnobs Tu ara kanonmdebloba registrirebul erTsqesian partniorobas? Tu asea, gadaidga Tu ara nabiji imis uzrunvelsayofad, rom maTi samarTlebrivi mdgomareoba, uflebebi da valdebulebebi heteroseqsualuri wyvilebis uflebebisa da valdebulebebis Tanaswori iyos? 24.1. saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba ar aRiarebs registrirebul erTsqesian partniorul urTierTobebs. 25. Tuki erovnuli kanonmdebloba ar aRiarebs da ar aniWebs uflebebsa da valdebulebebs registrirebul erTsqesian partniorebs da dauqorwinebel wyvilebs, wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda gaiTvaliswinon erTsqesiani wyvilebis samarTlebrivi da sxva saxis saSualebebiT uzrunvelyofis SesaZlebloba,
173 iqve, gv. 21

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raTa aRniSnuli wyvilebi gaumklavdnen yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi socialuri realobiT gamowveul praqtikul problemebs; aRniSnuli zomebi unda ganxorcildes diskriminaciis gareSe, maT Soris sxvadasxva sqesiani wyvilebis mimarT diskriminaciis gareSe. 25.1. Tu erTsqesiani wyvilebi arc uflebebiT da valdebulebebiT sargebloben, arc registrirebuli partniorobis xelmisawvdomobiT an dauqorwinebeli wyvilebis statusiT, aqvs Tu ara xelisuflebas gaTvaliswinebuli iseTi sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebis ganxorcieleba, romelic dafaravs aRiarebis ararsebobis dros warmoSobil praqtikul problemebs? 25. 1. ara. 26. imis gaTvalisiwinebiT, rom mSoblis uflebasTan da meurveobasTan dakavSirebuli gadawyvetilebis miRebisas ZiriTadi faqtori unda iyos bavSvis saukeTeso interesi, wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda uzrunvelyon, rom gadawyvetilebebis miReba moxdes seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT diskriminaciis gareSe. 26.1. ra nabijebi gadaidga imis uzrunvelsayofad, rom gadawyvetileba partniorul pasuxismgeblobaze an bavSvis meurveobaze miiRebodes diskriminaciis gareSe (a) seqsualuri orientaciis an (b) genderuli identobis safuZvelze? 26.2. praqtikaSi xdeba Tu ara aseTi gadawyvetilebebis miReba aradiskriminaciul safuZvelze? 26.1-2. am mimarTulebiT nabijebi ar gadadgmula. 27. imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom bavSvis saukeTeso interesi unda iyos ZiriTadi faqtori Svilad ayvanasTan dakavSirebiT gadawyvetilebis miRebisas, wevrma saxelmwifoebma, romelTa erovnuli kanonmdebloba martoxela pirebs Svilad ayvanis uflebas aZlevs, unda uzrunvelyon, rom Sesabamisi kanonis gamoyeneba moxdes seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT diskriminaciis gareSe. 27.1. ra nabijebi gadaidga imis uzrunvelsayofad, rom erTi piris mier bavSvis Svilad ayvanis gadawyvetileba (sadac aseTi gaSvileba kanoniT nebadarTulia) miiRon (a) seqsualuri orientaciisa da (b) genderuli identobis niSniT diskriminaciis gareSe? 27.1. saqarTvelos samoqalaqo kodeqsis 1246-e muxli Svilis ayvanis uflebas mxolod daqorwinebul wyvilebs aZlevs. radganac saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba ar cnobs erTsqesian qorwinebebs, erTsqesian wyvilebs ar eZlevaT bavSvis ayvanis ufleba. saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba iZleva bavSvis erTi mSoblis mier ayvanis uflebas, garda im pirebisa, romlebsac avadmyofobis, moraluri an sxva pirovnuli Tvisebebis gamo ar SeiZleba mieniWoT mSoblis ufleba.174 Tumca, kanoni ar gansazRvravs moralur kriteriumebs da arc sasamarTlos mier miRebuli gadawyvetileba an samecniero dasabuTeba arsebobs imisa, Tu ra SemTxvevaSi ar SeiZleba adamians bavSvis ayvanis moraluri ufleba gaaCndes. imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom saqarTvelos sazogadoebaSi farTod aris gavrcelebuli mosazreba homoseqsualobis amoralurobis Sesaxeb, arsebobs maRali albaToba imisa, rom lesbosel, homoseqsual an transgender martoxela mSoblebs mieniWebaT bavSvis ayvanisaTvis ~moralurod Seusabamos~ statusi.175 Tumca, iusticiis saministros sapasuxo werilSi miTiTebulia, rom: `saqarTvelos kanoni Svilad ayvanisa da mindobiT aRzrdis Sesaxeb ar zRudavs mSvileblis uflebebs seqsualuri orientaciis kuTxiT.176 27.2. praqtikaSi, xdeba Tu ara aseTi gadawyvetilebebis miReba aradiskriminaciul safuZvelze?
174 saqarTvelos samoqalaqo kodeqsi. muxli 1245. 175 kvleva homofobiis, transfobiis da seqsualuri orientaciis da genderuli identobis safuZvelze diskriminaciis Sesaxeb. samarTlebrivi analizi: saqarTvelo. damoukidebeli mkvlevari ana nacvliSvili. COWI. 2010. gv. 13 bmuli: http:// www.coe.int/t/commissioner/source/lgbt/georgialegal_e.pdf 176 saqarTvelos iusticiis saministros sapasuxo werili, N.26948, TariRi: 26.06.2012.

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27.2. qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWer jgufs ar gaaCnia informacia am sakiTxTan dakavSirebuli qeisebis Sesaxeb. 28. Tuki erovnuli kanonmdebloba martoxela qalebs xelovnuri reproduqciuli Carevis saSualebas aZlevs, wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda uzrunvelyon, rom aRniSnuli procedura seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT diskirminaciis gareSe ganxorcieldes. 28.1. ra nabijebi gadaidga imis uzrunvelsayofad, rom martoxela qalebisTvis reproduqciuli mkurnalobis xelmisawvdomobis xelSewyoba (sadac daSvebulia erovnuli kanonmdeblobiT) iyos seqsualuri orientaciis niSniT diskriminaciis gareSe? 28.1. martoxela qals SeuZlia miiRos daxmareba ganayofierebaSi, Tumca, analogiur SemTxvevaSi, Svilad ayvanis Sesaxeb kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad, lesbosel qals SeiZleba uari eTqvas dedad gaxdomaze, maT Soris xelovnur ganayofierebaze.177 28.2. praqtikulad, xorcieldeba Tu ara aseTi xelmisawvdomoba aradiskriminaciul safuZvelze? 28.2. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufisTvis~ msgavsi praqtika cnobili ar aris.

V. dasaqmeba
29. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon Sesabamisi zomebi, raTa sajaro da kerZo seqtorSi SromiTi urTierTobebi Tavisufali iyos diskriminaciisgan seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis safuZvelze. aRniSnulma zomebma unda moicvas dasaqmebis da dawinaurebis xelmisawvdomobis pirobebi, gaTavisufleba, gasamrjelos gadaxda da samuSaosTan dakavSirebuli sxva pirobebi, maT Soris Seviwroebisa da viqtimizaciis sxva formebis prevencia, maT winaaRmdeg brZola da aRniSnul qmedebaTa Camdeni pirebis dasja. 29.1. arsebobs Tu ara kanonmdebloba,178 romelic krZalavs diskriminacias (a) seqsualuri orientaciisa da (b) genderuli identobis safuZvelze saxelmwifo da kerZo seqtorSi dasaqmebisas? moicavs Tu ara diskriminaciis akrZalva: dasaqmebis xelmisawvdomobas (maT Soris daqiravebas), samsaxurebriv dawinaurebas, daTxovnebs, anazRaurebas, zewolisa da Seviwrovebis sxva formebs? 29.1. SromiT urTierTobaSi akrZalulia nebismieri saxis diskriminacia rasis, kanis feris, enis, eTnikuri da socialuri kuTvnilebis, erovnebis, warmoSobis, qonebrivi da wodebrivi mdgomareobis, sacxovrebeli adgilis, asakis, sqesis, seqsualuri orientaciis, SezRuduli SesaZleblobis, religiuri an raime gaerTianebisadmi kuTvnilebis, ojaxuri mdgomareobis, politikuri da sxva Sexedulebis gamo.179 saqarTvelos Sromis kodeqsi pirdapir krZalavs diskriminacias seqsualuri orientaciis naidag177 kvleva homofobiis, transfobiis da seqsualuri orientaciis da genderuli identobis safuZvelze diskriminaciis Sesaxeb. samarTlebrivi analizi: saqarTvelo. damoukidebeli mkvlevari ana nacvliSvili. COWI. 2010. gv. 4 bmuli: http:// www.coe.int/t/commissioner/source/lgbt/georgialegal_e.pdf 178 evropis socialuri qartiis~ Tanaxmad, es kanonmdebloba unda exebodes rogorc pirdapir, aseve arapirdapir diskriminacias. igi agreTve unda gansazRvravdes, rom diskriminaciasTan dakavSirebul saqmeebSi mtkicebis tvirTi damsaqmebels unda ekisrebodes. (ix. evropis socialuri uflebebis komitetis precedentebi _ muxli 1, `samuSaos ufleba; http://www.coe. int/t/dghl/monitoring/socialcharter/Digest/DigestSept2008_en.pdf). `dasaqmebis Sesaxeb evrokavSiris direqtiva~ arapirdapiri diskriminaciis Semdeg ganmartebas iZleva: `rodesac erTi SexedviT neitraluri debuleba, kriteriumi an praqtika ... konkretuli sqesobrivi orientaciis mqone adamianebs sxva pirebTan mimarTebaSi araxelsayrel pirobebSi ayenebs ~. 179 saqarTvelos Sromis kodeqsi, muxli 2(3)

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ze, Tumca, am TvalsazrisiT kodeqsis mTavari nakli isaa, rom es Canaweri exeba ukve dasaqmebuli piris diskriminaciis akrZalvas da ar vrceldeba kandidatis SerCevis etapze. meore mxriv, kodeqsi ar avaldebulebs damsaqmebels ganumartos dasaqmebuls samsaxuridan gaTavisuflebis mizezi da safuZveli.180 WISG-s aqvs ramdenime SemTxveva rodesac seqsualuri orientacia/genderuli identoba gamxdara gaTavisuflebis mizezi. (ix. qeisi #W32). kidev erTi xarvezi mdgomareobs imaSi, rom genderuli identoba ar aris calke aRniSnuli kanonSi rogorc diskriminaciis akrZaluli safuZveli. 29.2. miiRo Tu ara xelisuflebam diskriminaciis, zewolisa da Seviwrovebis winaaRmdeg brZolis sxva zomebi, rogorc saxelmwifo, aseve kerZo seqtorebSi, magaliTad: qcevis wesebis miReba,rogorc damsaqmebelTaTvis, ise TanamSromlebisTvis; swavlebis da cnobierebis amaRlebis programebi, rogorc damsaqmeblebisTvis, ise TanamSromlebisTvis; TanamSromlebisTvis masalebis darigeba, romelic auxsnis maT uflebebs, saCivrebis Setanis meqanizmebs da dacvis saSualebebs; lgbt pirebis daqiravebisken mimarTuli mcdeloba; antidiskriminaciuli politikis miReba, romelic mkafiod eyrdnoba seqsualur orientaciasa da genderul identobas; TanamSromloba da mxardaWera TanamSromelTa jgufisa, romelic Sedgeba lgbt pirebisagan? 29.2. iusticiis saministros praqtika pozitiur magaliTs warmoadgens. maT werilSi aRniSnulia: `iusticiis saministro dasaqmebis Tanabar SesaZleblobebs sTavazobs yvela TanamSromels da kandidats, ganurCevlad rasisa, kanis ferisa, religiisa, sqesisa, erovnebisa, asakisa da a.S. iusticiis saministros aRniSnuli politika mimarTulia nebismieri TanamSromlis Seviwrovebis winaaRmdeg, gamoricxavs mtrul da Seuracxmyofel damokidebulebas samuSao procesis dros.181 meore mxriv, aseve pozitiur magaliTebs Soris unda dasaxeldes isic, rom iusticiis saministros SemuSavebuli aqvs TanamSromlis saxelmZRvanelo, romlis mizania uzrunvelyos eTikuri da Tavaziani samuSao pirobebi. saministros yvela TanamSromels aqvs ufleba, hqondes samuSao garemo, romelSic igi ar ganicdis Seviwroebas an mtrul damokidebulebas rasis, kanis feris, religiis, sqesis, erovnebis, asakis da sxva msgavsi Taviseburebis gamo. am politikis mizania jansaR garemoSi samuSao procesis efeqturobis zrda. iusticiis saministros TanamSromeli uflebamosilia sqesobrivi Seviwroebis yvela mcdelobis Sesaxeb dauyovnebliv acnobos generalur isnpeqcias da adamianuri resursebis marTvis departaments, romlebic moaxdenen msgavs faqtebze Sesabamis reagirebas.182 pozitiuri magaliTebi umaRlesi ganaTlebis sferoSic gvxvdeba: dauSvebelia diskriminacia umaRlesi saswavleblebis lideris asarCevad Catarebuli konkursebis dros. umaRlesi saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebis wesdebiT SeiZleba ganisazRvros xelmZRvanelobis kandidatisTvis, aseve dekanobis kandidatisTvis wayenebuli minimaluri sakvalifikacio moTxovnebi. Tumca, dauSvebelia SezRudvis daweseba rasis, kanis feris, enis, sqesis, religiis, politikuri da sxva Sexedulebebis, erovnuli, eTnikuri da socialuri kuTvnilebis, warmoSobis, qonebrivi da wodebrivi mdgomareobis, sacxovrebeli adgilis, moqalaqeobisa da dakavebuli akademiuri Tanamdebobis niSniT.183 miuxedavad imisa, rom Seqmnilia TviTregulaciis meqanizmebi, Znelia maTi efeqturobis Sefaseba.
184

180 saqarTveloSi lbt qalTa mdgomareobis amsaxveli Crdilovani angariSi CEDAW komitetisaTvis. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufi~. WISG. Tbilisi, 2012. gv.41, bmuli: http://women.ge/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/WISG-LBT-CEDAWshadow-report_geo.pdf 181 saqarTvelos iusticiis saministros sapasuxo werili, N.26948, TariRi: 26.06.2012. 182 iqve. 183 iqve. 184 2012 wlis 17 maiss aidahosadmi miZRvnili msvlelobisdarbevas gamoxmaureba mohyva feisbuqSic. giorgi miqanaZem,

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29.3. gadaidga Tu ara nabijebi iseTi kanonebis, debulebebisa da praqtikebis gasauqmeblad, romelic (a) seqsualuri orientaciis an (b) genderuli identobis niSniT aferxebs pirovnebis karierul winsvlas garkveul profesiebsa da saqmianobebSi, maT Soris SeiaraRebul ZalebSi? 29.4. konkretulad SeiaraRebul ZalebTan mimarTebaSi: miRebuli iqna Tu ara zomebi lgbt jgufis wevrebis dacvisaTvis gamoZiebisgan, gafrTxilebisgan, zewolisgan, daSinebisgan, sastiki ritualebisgan, damcirebisa da cudi mopyrobis sxva formebisgan? exeba Tu ara qcevis wesebi da swavlebebi lgbt adamianebis diskriminaciasTan brZolisa da tolerantuli damokidebulebis damkvidrebis aucileblobas? 29.5. faravs Tu ara srulad da efeqturad diskriminaciis winaaRmdeg miRebuli zomebi transgender adamianebs dasaqmebis sferoSi? 29.6. aris Tu ara SemuSavebuli specifiuri programebi transgenderi adamianebis dasaqmebisTvis? 29.3-6. saministrom ar gasca pasuxi am kiTxvebs. 30. gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda daeTmos transgenderi adamianis piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxeblobis uflebis dacvas dasaqmebis konteqstSi; kerZod, dasaqmebis aplikaciebis Sevsebisas Tavidan unda iqnas acilebuli transgenderTa genderuli istoriis an maTi wina saxelis damsaqmeblisadmi da sxva dasaqmebulebisadmi realuri saWiroebis gareSe xelmisawvdomoba. 30.1. miRebulia Tu ara zomebi, raTa Tavidan iqnas acilebuli transgenderTa genderuli warsulis an maTi Zveli saxelebis gamJRavneba dasaqmebis konteqstSi? 30.1. seriozuli sakanonmdeblo xarvezebia Sesavsebi transgenderi adamianebis dasaqmebis sferoSi. akademiuri diplomis gacemis procedura ar iTvaliswinebs imave pirze diplomis xelaxal, meored gacemas maSinac ki rodesac genderis kvlavminiWebis procedura aqvs adamians gavlili. es bariers uqmnis transgenderi adamianebis dasaqmebas. aseT situaciaSi, roca saxelisa da gvaris Secvlis praqtika damkvidrebulia, pirovnebas SeuZlia diploms Tan daurTos sasamarTlos mier miniWebuli damatebiTi sabuTi, imis dasamtkiceblad, rom diplomsa da piradobis damadasturebel sabuTze miTiTebuli ori sxvadasxva saxeli erTsa da imave pirovnebas ekuTvnis. Tumca, transgenderi adamianis SemTxvevaSi es procedura naklebad savaraudoa gamosavali iyos, metic, SeiZleba es zianisa da diskriminaciis safuZvlad iqces dasaqmebis gadawyvetilebis miRebis dros.185
romelic ilias universitetSi sabanko saqmes aswavlis, amgavri gancxadebebi gamoaqveyna Tavis gverdze: `lgbt aqciebis organizatorebs unda gaungrio cxvir-piri, TviTon egeni arian marTla homofobebi, vinc iq iyvnen gamosulebi da SeSinebulebi, ver itanen garemos. vis adanaSauleben TavianT ubedur cxovrebaSi sainteresoa?! uSualod organizatorebze maqvs saubari, aseTi pozicia maqvs me da ar vmalav! jer umravlesobis interesebia misaxedi da mere umciresobis. Tu umciresobis interesebi winaaRmdegobaSi modis umravlesobis interesebTan... ...me vfiqrob, am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT neitraluri pozicia aravin ar unda daikavos da unda daafiqsiron sakuTari Sexedulebebi. lgbt situaciebi arasdros ar yofila siaxle msofliosaTvis, es ar aris siaxle, romelsac ar miiRebs qarTuli sazogadoeba. es aris is, rasac arasdros miviRebT. loginSi aravin aravis ar uvardeba da TviTon nu Seuvardebian organizatorebi nuravis~. `me vmuSaob xuT organizaciaSi, sxvaganac vaswavli da ra mniSvneloba aqvs, sad vaswavli, es leqciaze ar momxdara, me rom leqciaze viqadago es Tema, eg sxvaa, magram me Cemi Tavisufali cxovreba maqvs, sadac veravin verafers ver damiSlis~, _ ganucxada giorgi miqanaZem netgazeTis korespodents. rac Seexeba muqaras, misi TqmiT, es zogadi gamonaTqvami iyo da konkretul adamians ar damuqrebia. ilias saxelmwifo universitetis reqtoris, gigi TevzaZis azriT, leqtoris homofobiaSi dadanaSauleba seriozuli braldebaa, miuxedavad imisa, man homofoburi gancxadebebi leqciaze gamoTqva, Tu sajarod gaakeTa da am sakiTxs akademiuri sabWo aucileblad ganixilavda. Tumca, mogvianebiT, reqtorma azri Seicvala: `miqanaZem Tavisi gancxadeba gaakeTa pirad sivrceSi da Semdeg sajarod moixada bodiSi. rac Seexeba imas unda ganexila Tu ara es sabWos ubralod aravis ar moumarTavs CvenTvis, vinmes rom moemarTa calkeul faqts ganvixilavdiT, magram aravis ar amouRia xma, aravis ar moumarTavs oficialurad~, _ ganacxada gigi TevzaZem. iliaunis leqtoris homofobiaze ar umsjelia. ani berukaSvili. netgazeTi. 01.07.2012. http://www.netgazeti.ge/GE/105/Life/10528/ 185 kvleva homofobiis, transfobiis da seqsualuri orientaciis da genderuli identobis safuZvelze diskriminaciis Sesaxeb. samarTlebrivi analizi: saqarTvelo. damoukidebeli mkvlevari ana nacvliSvili. COWI. 2010. gv. 17-18 bmuli:

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VI. ganaTleba
31. bavSvis upiratesi interesis gaTvaliswinebiT, wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon Sesabamisi sakanonmdeblo da sxva zomebi, romlebic mimarTuli iqneba saganmanaTleblo personalisa da moswavleebis mimarT da romelTa meSveobiTac uzrunvelyofili iqneba ganaTlebis uflebiT efeqturi sargebloba seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT diskriminaciis gareSe; aRniSnuli unda moicavdes usafrTxo garemoSi bavSvebisa da axalgazrdebis ganaTlebis uflebas, romelic Tavisufali iqneba Zaladobisagan, bulingisgan, socialuri gariyulobisgan da diskriminaciisa da damamcirebeli mopyrobis sxva formebisgan seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis safuZvelze. 31.1. iqna Tu ara SemuSavebuli Tanasworobisa da usafrTxoebis politika qcevis wesebi da saxelmZRvaneloebi saganmanaTleblo personalisTvis, rac uzrunvelyofs lgbt moswavleebisa da studentebis ganaTlebis miRebas usafrTxo garemoSi, Zaladobis, daSinebis, socialuri gariyulobis an sxva formiT diskriminaciuli da Rirsebis damamcirebeli mopyrobis gareSe? 31.1. ganaTlebis sferoSi diskriminacia akrZalulia da ganaTlebaze Tanabari xelmisawvdomoba aRiarebulia kanoniT rogorc dawyebiT da saSualo, aseve umaRles saswavlo sistemebSi.186 saqarTvelos kanoni zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb krZalavs raime saxis diskriminacias skolaSi miRebisas. es norma ar gamoricxavs SesarCevi konkursis Catarebis SesaZleblobas im zogadsaganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebSi, romlebic axorcieleben profilur saxelovnebo da sasporto momzadebasa da ganaTlebas. konkursis dros unda moxdes specialuri saganmanaTleblo saWiroebebis gaTvaliswineba.187 kanonmdeblobis Tanaxmad mkafiod aris Camoyalibebuli umaRlesi ganaTlebis miznebi, romlebic uzrunvelyofs umaRlesi ganaTlebis xelmisawvdomobasa da Ria xasiaTs, swavlis, swavlebisa da samecniero kvlevis akademiur Tavisuflebas, umaRlesi ganaTlebis miRebis SesaZleblobas mTeli sicocxlis ganmavlobaSi, akademiuri personalisa da studentTa monawileobas gadawyvetilebis miRebasa da maTi Sesrulebis kontrolis procesSi, umaRlesi saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebis marTvisa da am dawesebulebaSi konkursebis sajaroobasa da gamWvirvalobas, umaRlesi ganaTlebis sferoSi yovelgvari diskriminaciis akrZalvas, maT Soris akademiuri, religiuri Tu eTnikuri kuTvnilebis an/da Sexedulebis, sqesis, socialuri warmoSobisa da sxva niSniT.188 umaRlesi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb kanoni aseve avaldebulebs umaRles saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebs uzrunvelyon Tanaswori mopyroba ganurCevlad piris eTnikuri kuTvnilebisa, sqesisa, socialuri warmoSobisa, politikuri Tu religiuri Sexedulebebisa da sxva safuZvlebisa.189 WISG-is mier Catarebuli lgbt diskriminaciis kvlevis yvela monawilem (16-18 wlis asakobriv jgufSi) aRniSna rom aqvs bulingis gamocdileba skolaSi.190 (mag.ix. qeisi #W38).
http://www.coe.int/t/commissioner/source/lgbt/georgialegal_e.pdf 186 kvleva homofobiis, transfobiis da seqsualuri orientaciis da genderuli identobis safuZvelze diskriminaciis Sesaxeb. samarTlebrivi analizi: saqarTvelo. damoukidebeli mkvlevari ana nacvliSvili. COWI. 2010. gv. 17-18 bmuli: http://www.coe.int/t/commissioner/source/lgbt/georgialegal_e.pdf 187 iqve . muxli. 13(3) 188 saqarTvelos kanoni `umaRlesi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb~. muxli 3 (3)k 189 saqarTvelos kanoni `umaRlesi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb~. muxli 16(1)d 190 identobam~ gaagzavna oficialuri SekiTxva ganaTlebis saministroSi, romelSic cdilobda daedgina, Seiswavlida Tu ara es ukanaskneli skolebSi Cagvris sakiTxs da cdilobda Tu ara igi Seeqmna lgbt-pirebisaTvis usafrTxo garemo skolebsa da universitetebSi. Tumca, saministrom es SekiTxva, iseve rogorc `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufis~

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lgbt pirebis da sakiTxebis mimarT skolebsa da universitetebSi arsebuli gamocdileba asaxavs sazogadoebaSi arsebul zogad tendenciebs da im tradiciuli stigmebis, tabuebis da faseulobebis Zlier zegavlenas ganicdis, romelTac mxars saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiia uWers.191 2011 wels SemuSavda saxelmwifos axalgazrduli politikis proeqti. am procesSi arasamTavrobo organizaciebic iRebdnen monawileobas. erT-erTi Tavi (specialuri mxardaWera da dacva), sxva jgufebTan erTad, lgbt axalgazrdebsac exeboda. am Tavis mixedviT, saxelmwifo valdebulia lgbt axalgazrdebis problemebis mogvarebaze izrunos. `mTavroba Caatarebs saswavlo kursebs skolebsa da umaRles saswavleblebSi, riTac xels Seuwyobs bavSvTa da adamianis uflebaTa dacvas da aswavlis axalgazrdebs, Tu rogor daicvan TavianTi uflebebi, maT Soris eTnikur, religiur da seqsualur umciresobaTa warmomadgenlebisa da gogonebis/qalTa uflebebi (raTa Tavidan iqnas acilebuli naadrevi qorwineba).192 sportisa da axalgazrduli saqmeebis saministros sazogadoebasTan urTierTobis ganyofilebis ufrosma ganacxada, rom mas Semdeg rac dokumenti dasrulebul saxes miiRebs, misi ganxorcieleba daiwyeba. kiTxvaze, Tu romeli saxelmwifo organo iqneba skolebSi lgbt pirebis uflebebis dacvaze da ra meqanizmebi iqneba gamoyenebuli amisaTvis, man ganacxada, rom es sakiTxi jer gadawyvetili ar aris. miuxedavad imisa, rom TviTregulaciis meqanizmebi SemuSavebulia, Znelia imis Sefaseba, Tu ramdenad efeqturad moqmedeben isini. (ix. qeisebi #I36, #I40, aseve sqolio 185). 31.2.maswavleblebisa da sxva saganmanaTleblo personalisTvis gankuTvnili dawyebiTi profesiuli momzadeba da swavleba exeba Tu ara imis saWiroebas, rom a.) lgbt moswavleebsa da studentebs moepyran pativiscemiT b.) SeZlon gamoavlinon, gaanalizon da efeqturad moaxdinon reagireba da win aRudgnen am safuZvlebze diskriminacias skolebSi? 31.2. msgavsi praqtika WISG-isTvis ar aris cnobili. 31.3. aqvs Tu ara mxardaWera homofobiisa da transfobiis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli skolis kampaniebisa da kulturuli RonisZiebebis mowyobas, maT Soris SesaZleblobis farglebSi lgbt organizaciebis warmomadgenlebis monawileobiT? 31.3. WISG ar flobs informacias aseTi RonisZiebebis Catarebis Sesaxeb. 32. bavSvis upiratesi interesis gaTvaliswinebiT, Sesabamisi zomebi unda iqnas miRebuli skolebSi urTierTSemwynareblobisa da pativiscemis mxaradasaWerad miuxedavad seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobisa. aRniSnuli unda moicavdes seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis Sesaxeb obieqturi informaciis miwodebas gegmebsa da saganmanaTleblo masalebSi. aRniSnuli aseve unda moicavdes moswavleTa da studentTa aucilebeli informaciiT, dacviTa da mxardaWeriT uzrunvelyofas, raTa maT SeZlon maTi seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis Sesabamisad cxovreba. garda amisa, wevr saxelmwifoebs SeuZliaT Seadginon da ganaxorcielon Tanasworobisa da usafrTxoebis saskolo politika da samoqmedo gegma. wevr saxelmwifoebs aseve SeuZliaT uzrunvelyon diskriminaciis sawinaaRmdego adekvaturi Treiningebisa Tu sxva saxis mxardaWerisa da saswavlo masalebis xelmisawvdomoba. aRniSnul zomebSi gaTvaliswinebuli unda iqnas mSobelTa ufleba bavSvebis ganaTlebasTan dakavSirebiT.
SekiTxva ministrTa komitetis rekomendaciis Sesrulebis Sesaxeb, upasuxod datova. 191 kvleva homofobiis, transfobiis da seqsualuri orientaciis da genderuli identobis safuZvelze diskriminaciis Sesaxeb. samarTlebrivi analizi: saqarTvelo. damoukidebeli mkvlevari ana nacvliSvili. COWI. 2010. 2010. gv.3 para.67. bmuli http://www.coe.int/t/Commissioner/Source/LGBT/GeorgiaSociological_E.pdf 192 http://youth.gov.ge/?page_id=1158

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32.1. aris Tu ara informacia (a) seqsualur orientaciasa da (b) genderul identobaze skolis saswavlo gegmebSi da xdeba Tu ara janmrTelobisa da sqesobrivi ganaTlebis swavleba? 32.2. warmodgenilia Tu ara es informacia Rirseuli da miukerZoebeli formiT? 32.3. arian Tu ara lgbt moswavleebi da studentebi daculni da saWiro informaciiTa da mxardaWeriT uzrunvelyofilni, rac maT saSualebas miscems icxovron maTi (a) seqsualuri orientaciisa da (b) genderuli identobis Sesabamisad? 33.4. miRebuli aris Tu ara zomebi imisaTvis, rom adekvaturad dakmayofildes transgenderi studentebis specifiuri saWiroebebi skolaSi, magaliTad skolis dokumentebSi saxelis an sqesis SecvlasTan dakavSirebiT? 32.1-4. saqarTvelos ganaTlebis saministros pasuxi ar gaucia CM/Rec(2010)5-is implementaciasTan dakavSirebul kiTxvebze. skolis kurikulumSi ar Sedis seqsualuri ganaTleba. saswavlo wignebi Seicavs diskriminaciul masalebs, Tumca, rTulia amaze dava da raimes mtkiceba, radgan ar arsebobs Tanmimdevruli kvleva am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT. WISG-isTvis ar aris cnobili raime specialuri programa (cnobierebis gazrda, fsiqologiuri konsultireba da a.S) skolebSi an umaRles saswavleblebSi, romelic gaTvlilia lgbt studentebis/ moswavleebis saWiroebebze.

VII. jandacva (transgenderTa sakiTxis gamoklebiT)

33. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon Sesabamisi sakanonmdeblo da sxva zomebi, raTa umaRlesi xarisxis xelmisawvdomi jandacvis sistemiT sargebloba moxdes seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT diskriminaciis gareSe; kerZod, wevrma saxelmwifoebma mxedvelobaSi unda miiRon lesboseli, gei, biseqsuali da transgenderi pirebis specialuri saWiroebebi erovnuli janmrTelobis gegmebis, maT Soris suicidis prevenciis zomebis, janmrTelobis gamokiTxvebis, samedicino kurikulumebis, saswavlo kursebisa da masalebis Seqmnisas. wevrma saxelmwifoebma aseve unda miiRon mxedvelobaSi lesboseli, gei, biseqsuali da transgenderi pirebis specialuri saWiroebebi jandacvis servisebis monitoringisas da Sefasebisas. saqarTvelos janmrTelobis dacvis kanonmdebloba krZalavs pacientTa diskriminacias raime safuZvelze, maT Soris seqsualuri orientaciis gamo. janmrTelobis dacvis saxelmwifo programebiT gaTvaliswinebuli samedicino daxmareba xelmisawvdomia saqarTvelos yvela moqalaqisTvis. `janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis mixedviT ar daiSveba pacientis diskriminacia rasis, kanis feris, sqesis, aRmsareblobis, politikuri da sxva Sexedulebebis, erovnuli, eTnikuri da socialuri kuTvnilebis, warmoSobis, qonebrivi da wodebrivi mdgomareobis, sacxovrebeli adgilis, daavadebis, seqsualuri orientaciis an piraduli uaryofiTi ganwyobis gamo. Tumca, arsebobs SemTxvevebi, roca diskriminacia mainc xdeba. (mag. ix. qeisi #W34A, #W34C) kanoni aseve krZalavs raime saxis diskriminacias patimrobis an Tavisuflebis aRkveTis dawesebulebaSi myofi pacientisTvis samedicino daxmarebis aRmoCenisas.193 Tumca, meore mxriv, jandacvis saministros brZaneba awesebs blanketur akrZalvas sisxlis donorobaze homoseqsualTaTvis, im mizeziT, rom isini maRali riskis jgufs miekuTvnebian.194 33.1.miiReba Tu ara mxedvelobaSi gansakuTrebuli saWiroebebi, romlebic dakavSirebulia: (a) seqsualur orientaciasTan da (b) genderul identobasTan jandacvis erovnuli gegmebis SemuSavebisas,
193 saqarTvelos kanoni sazogadoebrivi janmrTelobis Sesaxeb. muxli 5-6. 194 es brZanebuleba `identobam~ sakonstitucio sasamarTloS gaasaCivra (gadawyvetileba saqmeze jer miRebuli ar aris)

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janmrTelobis kvlevebSi, suicidis prevenciis programebSi, samedicino saswavlo programebSi, saswavlo kursebsa da masalebSi

samedicino momsaxurebis xarisxis Sefasebisa da monitoringis dros? 33.1. arc saxelmwifos samoqmedo gegmebi da arc arsebuli saxelmwifo strategia jandacvis sakiTxebSi195 ar iReben mxedvelobaSi lgbt pirebis konkretul saWiroebebs. igive SeiZleba iTqvas jandacvis sferoSi ganxorcielebul kvlevebze: aqamde Catarebuli arcerTi kvleva ar iRebs mxedvelobaSi lgbt pirebis saWiroebebs an am jgufTan dakavSirebul sxva sakiTxebs. rac Seexeba TviTmkvlelobebis prevencias, aseTi programebi saqarTveloSi saerTod ar arsebobs. jandacvis saministrodan miRebul sapasuxo werilSi araferia naTqvami samedicino Treiningebis programebze. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWerma jgufma~ Sesabamisi informacia sxva wyaroebidan miiRo, Tumca, am sakiTxe naTeli suraTis Seqmna mainc ver movaxerxeT. rac Seexeba saxelmZRvaneloebSi da saswavlo masalebSi homosoqsualobis rogorc avadmyofobis gansazRvras, neba gviboZeT SegatyobinoT, rom Cven amJamad vawarmoebT specialistebis saswavlo programebis gadasinjvas da vapirebT gadavakeToT isini ise, rom moxdes am sakiTxebis gaTvaliswineba.196 jandacvis saministros sapasuxo werilSi araferia naTqvami jandacvis momsaxurebis monitoringis da xarisxis Sefasebis Sesaxeb. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWerma jgufma~ Sesabamisi informacia sxva wyaroebidan miiRo, Tumca, am sakiTxze naTeli suraTis Seqmna mainc ver movaxerxeT. momsaxurebiT ukmayofilo pacients SeuZlia saCivriT samedicino saqmianobis maregulirebel saagentos mimarTos. ukanaskneli ganixilavs sakiTxs da miiRebs gadawyvetilebas, daarRvia Tu ara eqimma kanoni. 33.2. aZlevs Tu ara specialistebs saswavlo samedicino programebi imis saSualebas, rom gauwion maRali standartis samedicino momsaxureoba yvela adamians (a) seqsualuri orientaciisa da (b) genderuli identobis sruli pativiscemiT? 33.2. Cven ver miviReT calsaxa pasuxi kiTxvaze aZlevs Tu ara saTreiningo programa jandacvaSi momuSave profesionalebs imis saSualebas, rom maRali standartis xelmisawvdomi momsaxureba SesTavazon uklebliv yvela adamians, seqsualuri orientaciisa Tu genderuli identobis miuxedavad. 33.3. aris Tu ara xelmisawvdomi ganaTlebis, prevenciis, movlisa da mkurnalobis programebisa da seqsualuri da reproduqciuli janmrTelobis servisebis sfero lgbt jgufis wevrebisTvis da pativs cemen Tu ara isini maT moTxovnilebebs? 33.3. saministros mier gamogzavnil sapasuxo werilSi araferi weria iseT sakiTxebze, rogoricaa ganaTlebis, prevenciis, movlisa da mkurnalobis programebisa da seqsualuri da reproduqciuli janmrTelobis servisebis xelmisawvdomoba lgbt adamianebisTvis. 2012 wlis 8 ivniss SemoTavazebuli iqna axali Sesworebebi saqarTvelos kanonSi `jandacvis Sesaxeb~ (N07-3/639; 08.06.12), romlis mixedviTac surogati mSoblis daxmarebis miRebis ufleba eqnebaT mxolod uSvilo wyvilebs, romlebic imyofebian daregistrirebul qorwinebaSi, magram unayofo arian.197 33.4. arian Tu ara jandacvis muSakebi da socialuri muSakebi waxalisebulni, raTa Seqmnan Ria da tolerantuli garemo axalgazrda lgbt jgufis wevrebisTvis, magaliTad informaciuli kampaniebis meSveobiT? 33.4. ar mogvepoveba informacia iseTi programebis an saxelmwifos mxridan gadadgmuli nabijebis
195 http://www.healthrights.ge/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/jandacva_Eng.pdf 196 saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministros sapasuxo werili, N.01/27507, TariRi: 15.05.2012 197 http://chairman.parliament.ge/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1603:2012-07-12-06-31-59&catid=136:prs&lang=en&ite mid=0

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Sesaxeb jandacvis da socialur muSakTa wasaxaliseblad, raTa maT Ria da misaRebi garemo Seqmnan axalgazrda lgbt adamianebisTvis. 33.5. saavadmyofoSi an gadaudebeli samedicino daxmarebis saWiroebisas pacientebs eZlevaT Tua ara maTi uaxloesi naTesavebis arCevis ufleba (a) seqsualur orientaciasa da (b) genderul identobaze dafuZnebuli diskriminaciis gareSe? 33.5. saqarTvelos kanoni pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb Semdegnairad ganmartavs pacientis naTesavs: pacientis naTesavi _ piri, romelsac saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili rigiTobis mixedviT aqvs upiratesi ufleba monawileoba miiRos pacientisaTvis samedicino momsaxurebis aRmoCenasTan an mis sikvdilTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis gadawyvetaSi~. pacientis kanonieri warmomadgeneli _ pacientis meurve an misi ndobiT aRWurvili piri: mSobeli, bavSvi, meuRle, da an Zma, bebia, babua an sxva naTesavebi, rogorc kanonmdeblobiTaa gansazRvruli an pirovneba, romelic mudmivad cxovrobs pacientTan.198kanoni ar awesebs SezRudvas am piris genderis an sqesis safuZvelze. bavSvebTan da mozardebTan muSaoba rig mniSvnelovan problemebs gulisxmobs. rogorc `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufis~ seqsologi aRniSnavs: `am asakis bavSvebTan ver vimuSavebT mSoblebis gareSe. saerTod, gaurkvevelia vin unda imuSaos am asakis bavSvebTan. me mozrdilebis eqimi var da mxolod 18 wlis zeviT asakis pacientebTan maqvs muSaobis ufleba. arada yvelaze rTuli periodi aris gardatexis asaki... ... es sakiTxi Zalian dasalagebeli da dasaregulirebelia~.199 34. unda iqnas miRebuli Sesabamisi zomebi raTa msoflio jandacvis organizaciis standartebis Tanaxmad, ar moxdes homoseqsualobis daavadebad klasifikacia. 34.1. aris Tu ara amoRebuli homoseqsualoba erovnuli daavadebebis klasifikatoridan? 34.1. rogorc saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministros sapasuxo werilSia aRniSnuli: `saqarTveloSi moqmedi avadmyofobaTa da janmrTelobasTan dakavSirebuli problemebis saerTaSoriso statistikuri klasifikaciis _ ICD-10 Tanaxmad, homoseqsualoba ar Sedis daavadebaTa CamonaTvalSi~.200 Tumca, realobaSi xSirad homoseqsualobas mainc ganixilaven rogorc avadmyofobas, romelsac mkurnaloba sWirdeba da msgavsi mosazreba sakmaod farTodaa gavrcelebuli samedicino personals Soris saqarTveloSi (ix. qeisi #I36). amis upirvelesi mizezi aris codnis nakleboba Tanamedrove samedicino da mecnieruli midgomebis Sesaxeb.201 34.2. aris Tu ara amoRebuli da Casworebuli is politikuri dokumentebi, samedicino saxelmZRvaneloebi da saswavlo masalebi, sadac adre homoseqsualoba ganixileboda, rogorc daavadeba? 34.2. WISG-is mier eqspertebTan Catarebul ramodenime interviuSi aRniSnulia, rom zogierT saxelmZRvaneloSi homoseqsualoba miCneulia daavadebad, aseve miiCnevs samedicino personalis zogierTi warmomadgeneli. am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT jandacvis saministros sapasuxo werilSi aRniSnulia: `amJamad mimdinareobs diplomis Semdgomi mzadebis programebis gadaxedva da igegmeba maTi Casworeba aRniSnuli sakiTxis Semdgomi daregulirebis mizniT. diplomamdeli mzadebis procesi ki regulirdeba saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros mier saswavlo dawesebulebebis avtorizaciiTa da programebis akreditaciiT~.202
198 saqarTvelos kanoni pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb. muxli.4 (e,f) 199 saqarTveloSi lbt qalTa mdgomareobis amsaxveli Crdilovani angariSi CEDAW komitetisaTvis. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufi~. WISG. Tbilisi, 2012. .gv.37, bmuli: http://women.ge/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/WISG-LBT-CEDAWshadow-report_geo.pdf 200 saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministros sapasuxo werili, N.01/27507, TariRi: 15.05.2012 201 saqarTveloSi lbt qalTa mdgomareobis amsaxveli Crdilovani angariSi CEDAW komitetisaTvis. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufi~. WISG. Tbilisi, 2012. gv.36, bmuli: http://women.ge/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/WISG-LBT-CEDAWshadow-report_geo.pdf. 202 saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministros sapasuxo werili, N.01/27507, TariRi: 15.05.2012

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34.3. arsebobs Tu ara iseTi zomebi, romelic uzrunvelyofs, rom aravin gaiaros raime saxis mkurnaloba, procedura, samedicino an fsiqologiuri gamokvleva an ar moxdes ZaldatanebiT vinmes samedicino dawesebulebaSi moTavseba (a) seqsualuri orientaciis an (b) genderuli identobis safuZvelze? 34.3. diskriminaciis SemTxvevaSi pacients ufleba aqvs mimarTos samedicino saqmianobis regulirebis saagentos, romelic imsjelebs mocemul saqmeze da Tu daadgens eqimis mier kanonis darRvevis faqts, uflebamosilia dauwesos mas sanqciebi, rac SeiZleba samedicino saqmianobis licenziis CamorTmeviTac dasruldes. pacientis Sesaxeb informaciis konfidencialuroba daculia kanoniT.203 bavSvTa dacvis sakiTxi homoseqsualobis iZulebiTi `mkurnalobisgan~ ar aris saTanadod uzrunvelyofilis kanonmdeblobiT. 35. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon Sesabamisi zomebi, raTa uzrunvelyon transgenderi adamianebisaTvis sqesis Secvlis momsaxurebis efeqturi xelmisawvdomoba, romelic Tavisufali iqneba aragonivruli moTxovnebisagan. servisebis xelmisawvdomoba unda moicavdes transgenderTa jandacvis sferoSi arsebul fsiqologiur, endokrinologiur da qirurgiul momsaxurebas. arc erT adamians ar unda Cautardes sqesis Secvlis procedura misi Tanxmobis gareSe. 35.1. xelmisawvdomia Tu ara transgenderi adamianebisTvis sqesis Secvlis momsaxureba, romelic moicavs fsiqologiur, endokrinologiur da qirurgiul eqspertizas? 35.1. es sakiTxi ar aris daregulirebuli kanonmdeblobis mier. janmrTelobis saministros pasuxis mixedviT, kanoniT `transgenderi adamianebisaTvis sqesis Secvlis momsaxureba xelmisawvdomia, romelic moicavs multiprofiluri gundis erTian SeTanxmebul moqmedebas, pirovnebis janmrTelobis dacvis uflebis gaTvaliswinebiT.204 Tumca, sqesis kvlavminiWeba finansur xarjebTan aris dakavSirebuli, rac bevrisTvis xelmisawvdomi ar aris (ix. pasuxi 36.1.). 35.2. Tuki arsebobda transgenderi pirebis iZulebiTi mkurnalobis praqtika maTi dabadebis sqesTan Sesabamisobis misaRwevad, moxda Tu ara msgavsi praqtikis uaryofa? 35.2. pacientTa uflebebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos kanonis Tanaxmad: samedicino momsaxurebis gawevis aucilebeli pirobaa pacientis, xolo misi qmeduunarobis an gacnobierebuli gadawyvetilebis miRebis uunarobis SemTxvevaSi, naTesavis an kanonieri warmomadgenlis informirebuli Tanxmoba.205 Tumca, aris SemTxvevebi, roca ojaxis wevrebi aiZuleben lbt adamianebs fsiqologTan da seqsologTan misvlas maTi orientaciis `koreqciisa~ da `gankurnebis~ mizniT.206 (ix. qeisi #W37) 35.3. miRebulia Tu ara zomebi imis uzrunvelsayofad, rom ar moxdes arcerTi bavSvis sqesis koreqtireba samedicino CareviT, romelic SemuSavebulia genderuli identobis Tavze moxvevisTvis, misi sruli, Tavisufali da informirebuli Tanxmobis gareSe, romelic Seesabameba asaksa da mowifulobas? 35.3. saministrodan am kiTxvaze pasuxi ar migviRia, Tumca, `16 wlamde arasrulwlovans samedicino momsaxureba utardeba mxolod mSoblis an kanonieri warmomadgenlis TanxmobiT, garda im SemTxvevebisa, rodesac arasruwlovani iTxovs konfidencialurobis dacvas. amasTan, samedicino momsaxurebis gawevis Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebis miRebisas savaldebuloa pacientis monawileoba misi asakisa da gonebrivi ganviTarebis mdgomareobis gaTvalsiwinebiT. miuxedavad amisa, iseTi samedicino manipulaciebi, rogorebicaa vaqcinacia mcirewlovnebSi, garkveuli samedicino gamokvelevebis Catareba, gadaudebeli qirurgiuli operaciebi, mkuranalobis Catareba ar moiTxovs arasrwulovnis
203 iqve. 204 iqve. 205 saqarTvelos kanoni pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb. muxli.22 206 saqarTveloSi lbt qalTa mdgomareobis amsaxveli Crdilovani angariSi CEDAW komitetisaTvis. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufi~. WISG. Tbilisi, 2012. gv.37, bmuli: http://women.ge/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/WISG-LBT-CEDAWshadow-report_geo.pdf

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monawielobas, radgan misi asaki da gonebrivi ganviTareba ar iZleva imis saSualebas, rom misi neba iqnas gaTvaliswinebuli~.207 36. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon Sesabamisi sakanonmdeblo da sxva zomebi raTa uzrunvelyon, rom janmrTelobis dazRvevis mier sqesis Secvlis procedurebisTvis gamoyofili Tanxis Semamcirebeli nebismieri gadawyvetileba iyos kanonieri, obieqturi da proporciuli. 36.1. iq, sadac kanonmdelobis mixedviT jandacvis xarjebi ifareba kerZo an saxelmwifo sadazRvevo socialuri sistemebiT, faravs Tu ara dazRveva sqesis Secvlis procedurebs? 36.1. sqesis kvlavminiWebis servisebs ar faravs saxelmwifo programebi an qveyanaSi xelmisawvdomi piradi sadazRvevo paketebi. organizacia identobis mier Catarebuli Sida kvlevis mixedviT: sqesis kvlavminiWeba sakmaod rTuli procesia da sami etapisgan Sedgeba: operaciul Carevamde saWiro Semowmeba da konsultaciebi, operacia da operaciis Semdgomi reabilitaciis procesi. am procedurebisTvis saWiro xarjebi Semdegnairia: 1. operaciul Carevamde saWiro gamokvlevebTan da konsultaciebTan dakavSirebuli xarjebi. rac moicavs: seqsologis pirvelad konsultacias, ori sxvadasxva fsiqologis daskvnas, ori sxvadasxva fsiqiatris daskvnas, 12 vizits seqsologTan, genetikur konsultaciebs da sxv. 2. uSualod qirurgiul CarevasTan dakavSirebuli xarjebi. 3. operaciis Semdgom saWiro analizebi, endokrinologiuri dakvirveba, hormonaluri Terapia. mTlianobaSi es servisebi 19900 lari jdeba (9500 evro), rac bevrisTvis saqarTveloSi finansurad xelmisawvdomi ar aris. organizacia identobam ukve gaugzavna rekomendacia Sesabamis instituciebs sqesis kvlavminiWebis procedurebis Tanadafinansebis saWiroebis Taobaze.208 36.2. Tuki asea, xdeba Tu ara misi uzrunvelyofa gonivruli, araTviTneburi da aradiskriminaciuli gziT? 36.2. N/A.

VIII. sacxovrebeli
37. Sesabamisi zomebi unda iqnas miRebuli raTa saTanado sacxovreblis ufleba efeqturad da Tanasworad xelmisawvdomi iyos yvela adamianisTvis seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT diskriminaciis gareSe. aRniSnuli zomebi mimarTuli unda iyos diskriminaciuli gamosaxlebebisgan Tavdacvisa da miwisa da sxva sakuTrebis SesaZenad da SesanarCuneblad Tanaswori uflebebis uzrunvelyofisken. 37.1. krZalavs Tu ara kanonmdebloba diskriminacias (a) seqsualuri orientaciisa da (b) genderuli identobis safuZvelze iseT garemoebebSi, rogoricaa: sacxovreblis yidva an gaqiraveba; sacxovrebelis SesaZenad sesxebis uzrunvelyofa; damqiraveblis partniori uflebebis aRiareba; gamosaxleba; 37.1. saqarTvelos konstitucia saqarTvelos teritoriaze kanonierad myofi yvela pirisaTvis uzrunvelyofs gadaadgilebis Tavisuflebas da qveynis mTel teritoriaze sacxovrebeli adgilis arCevis uflebas.209saqarTvelos samoqalaqo kodeqsis mixedviT `kerZosamarTlebrivi urTierTo207 http://www.osgf.ge/files/publications/2010/book.pdf 208 organizacia identobis mier Catarebuli kvleva janmrTelobis politika transgender adamianebTan mimarTebaSi. 2012 209 saqarTvelos konstitucia, muxli 22, nawili 1-li

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bis subieqti SeiZleba iyos nebismieri fizikuri an iuridiuli piri. es wesi gamoiyeneba rogorc samewarmeo,aseve arasamewarmeo, saqarTvelosa Tu sxva qveynis pirebis mimarT~.210 maSasadame, nebismier pirs aqvs ufleba dados garigeba SeZenis an qiravnobis Sesaxeb da gaxdes kerZosamarTlebrivi urTierTobis monawile. samoqalaqo kodeqsi aseve awesrigebs pirTa Tanasworobaze damyarebul kerZo xasiaTis qonebriv, saojaxo da pirad urTierTobebs.211 zemoTqmulidan gamomdinareobs, rom samoqalaqo urTierTobebSi, magaliTad saxlis yidvisas an daqiravebisas, sakredito garantiebis gacemisas da a.S., kanonmdebloba gamoricxavs nebismier diskriminacias seqsualuri orientaciis da genderuli identobis safuZvelze. amis miuxedavad, lgbt diskriminaciis kvlevis Sedegebma gamoavlina SemTxvevebi, roca gamqiravebeli uars eubneba damqiravebels seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis safuZvelze.212. (ix. qeisi #W39) 37.2. uzrunvelyofilia Tu ara TavSesafris da sxva gadaudebeli sacxovreblis xelmisawvdomoba (a) seqsualur orientaciisa da (b) genderul identobis safuZvelze diskriminaciis gareSe? 37.2. saqarTveloSi funqcionirebs sxvadasxva tipis specializebuli TavSesafrebi xandazmulTaTvis, mzrunvelobamoklebuli bavSvebisaTvis, SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone bavSvebisaTvis, dedaTa da bavSvTa TavSesafari da sxv. am tipis dawesebuleba konkretulad lgbt pirebisaTvis ar arsebobs. 37.3. xelmisawvdomia Tu ara aseTi diskriminaciis aRmosafxvrelad mimarTuli informacia saxlis gamqiravebelisTvis da damqiravebelisTvis? 37.3. am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT informacia xelmisawvdomi ar aris. 37.4. xelmisawvdomia Tu ara adekvaturi da efeqturi samarTlebrivi an dacvis sxva saSualebebi diskriminaciis msxverplTaTvis? 37.4. aseTi saxis kerZo urTierTobebi saxelmwifos mier ar regulirdeba. saqarTveloSi ar arsebobs zogadi anti-diskriminaciuli reguilaciebi, romlebic erTnairad Seexeboda rogorc saxelmwifo, aseve kerZo pirebs. ar arsebobs efeqturi kompensaciis meqanizmebi, rodesac mepatrone sacxovreblis gaqiravebaze uars ambobs. 37.5. tardeba Tu ara cnobierebis amaRlebis raime saxis kampania uZravi qonebis saagentoebisTvis, raTa aimaRlon codna anti-diskriminaciul debulebebSi? 37.5. WISG-isTvis informacia msgavsi kampaniebis Catarebis Sesaxeb xelmisawvdomi ar aris. 38. Sesabamisi yuradReba unda daeTmos lesboseli, gei, biseqsuali da transgenderi adamianebis usaxlkarod darCenis riskebs, maT Soris axalgazrdebsa da bavSvebs, romlebic gansakuTrebiT mowyvladi arian socialuri marginalizaciis, maT Soris maTive ojaxebis mxridan gariyulobis gamo. am mxriv, diskriminaciis gareSe, TiToeuli individis saWiroebis obieqtur Sefasebaze dayrdnobiT, Sesabamisi socialuri momsaxureba unda iqnas uzrunvelyofili. 38.1. Seiqmna Tu ara iseTi socialuri programebi, maT Soris mxardamWeri programebi, romlebic usaxlkaro lgbt jgufis wevrebis mowyvladi jgufisken iqneba mimarTuli, gansakuTrebiT bavSvebisa da axalgazrdebisken, misi garemocvis mxardaWerisa da usafrTxoebis sqemebis CaTvliT? 38.2. gaiares Tu ara Sesabamisma saagentoebma swavlebis da cnobierebis amaRlebis programebi, raTa maT gaacnobieron da igrZnon usaxlkaro lgbt jgufis wevrebis, gansakuTrebiT axalgazrda pirebis saWiroebebi?
210 saqarTvelos samoqalaqo kodeqsi. muxli 8, punqti1 211 igive. muxli 1 212 lgbt adamianTa mdgomareoba saqarTveloSi. `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufi~ (WISG). Tbilisi, 2012.

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38.1-2. lgbt pirebs xSirad emuqrebaT usaxlkarod darCena, Tuki ojaxis wevrebi maTi seqsualuri orientaciis Sesaxeb Seityoben. Tumca, ar arsebobs raime saxelmwifo programa, romelic am problemebis mogvarebaze iqneboda orientirebuli. saqarTvelos Sromis, jandacvis da socialuri dacvis saministros (romelic TavSesafrebzea pasuxismgebeli) Tavis werilSi am kiTxvaze pasuxi ar gaucia. sxva wyaroebidan miRebuli informaciis Tanaxmad, saqarTveloSi arsebobs TavSesafrebi sxvadasxva konkretuli jgufebisaTvis. rac Seexeba sagangebo TavSesafrebs da droebiT sacxovreblebs, mTavroba iRebs droebiT zomebs kritikuli situaciebis aRmosafxvrelad (magaliTad, 2012 wlis sastiki zamTris gamo, TbilisSi ufaso sasadiloebSi usaxlkaroebisaTvis droebiTi TavSesafrebi iqna mowyobili). agreTve qveyanaSi funqcionirebs arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mier mowyobili ramodenime TavSesafari ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverplTaTvis (maTi TqmiT, am mizeziT maTTvis jer aravis miumarTavs) da sapatriarqosTan arsebuli TavSesafrebi. praqtikaSi, lgbt pirebs, am TavSesafrebidan arcerTis gamoyeneba ar SeuZliaT.

IX. sporti
39. sportSi homofobia, transfobia da seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT diskriminacia, rasizmisa da diskriminaciis sxva formebis msgavsad, miuRebelia da aucilebelia mis winaaRmdeg brZola. 40. sportuli RonisZiebani da obieqtebi yvelasaTvis xelmisawvdomi unda iyos maT Soris seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT diskriminaciis gareSe; kerZod, miRebuli unda iqnas efeqturi zomebi, raTa Tavidan iqnas acilebuli seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT diskriminacia sportuli RonisZiebebis ganmavlobaSi da sportul RonisZiebebTan dakavSirebiT. aseve, aseTi faqtebis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi aRniSnul faqtze reagirebisa da sasjelis gansaxorcieleblad. 40.1. ra zomebia miRebuli, raTa aRikveTos sportuli RonisZiebebidan monawilis garicxvis riski (a) seqsualuri orientaciisa da (b) genderuli identobis safuZvelze? 40.2. ra wamaxalisebeli zomebia miRebuli, magaliTad: sportul organizaciebsa da klubebSi sportsa da seqsualur orientaciasTan an genderul identobasTan dakavSirebuli qcevis wesebis SemuSavebisa da gavrcelebisTvis, sportul klubebsa da lesbosur, gei, biseqsualur da transgender asociaciebs Soris partniorobisTvis, anti-diskriminaciuli kampaniebisTvis sportul samyaroSi, sportuli klubebis mxardaWerisTvis, romelic lesboseli, gei, biseqsuali da transgenderi adamianebis mier aris dafuZnebuli. 40.3. aris Tu ara miRebuli efeqturi zomebi imisaTvis, rom moxdes prevencia, sapasuxo reaqcia da dasja diskriminaciuli SeuracxyofebisTvis sportul RonisZiebebis dros da maTTan dakavSirebiT? kerZod? aris Tu ara sisxlis samarTlis danaSauli sportul RonisZiebebis dros da maTTan dakavSirebiT homofobiuri da transfobiuri Sinaarsis mqone sityvebis skandireba? danergilia Tu ara sportuli RonisZiebebis213 dros mayurebelTa mxridan Zaladobis da Seusabamo saqcielis amkrZalavi evropuli konvenciis Sesabamisi debulebebi, evropis sportuli qartia214
213 http://conventions.coe.int/Treaty/Commun/QueVoulezVous.asp?NT=120&CL=ENG _ ix. kerZod muxlebi 2 (saSinao koordinacia), 3 (zomebi) da 5 (damrRvevebis gansazRvra da maT mimarT zomebis miReba). 214 https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc.jsp?Ref=Rec(92)13&Sector=secCM&Language=lanEnglish&Ver=rev&BackColorInternet=9999CC&BackCol

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 da erki-s #12215 zogadpolitikuri principebi (a) seqsualur orientaciasa da (b) genderul identobasTan mimarTebaSi? 40.4. aris Tu ara miRebuli saTanado specialuri zomebi imisaTvis, rom: Sewydes transgenderi pirebis sportuli RonisZiebebidan an konkursebidan gaZeveba aRmofxvras is xelisSemSleli faqtorebi rasac isini awydebian sportSi monawileobisas (mag. gasaxdeli oTaxis xelmisawvdomoba) aRiaron maTi sasurveli genderi? 40.1-4. am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT mTavrobas informacia ar mouwodebia. 41. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda waaxalison sportul gaerTianebebTan da gulSematkivarTa klubebTan dialogi da mxari dauWiron maT, raTa sportulma gaerTianebebma da gulSematkivarTa klubebma moaxerxon sportSi lesboseli, gei, biseqsuali da transgenderi adamianebis diskriminaciis winaaRmdeg cnobierebis asamaRlebeli RonisZiebebis Catareba da aRniSnuli jgufis mimarT Seuwynarebeli gamosvlebis dagmoba. 41.1. gadaidga Tu ara nabijebi imisaTvis, rom waxalisdes dialogi sportul asociaciebsa da gulSematkivarTa klubebs Soris cnobierebis asamaRlebeli aqtivobebis gasaviTareblad sportuli RonisZiebebis dros da maTTan dakavSirebiT (a) homofobiuri da (b) transfobiuri qcevis dasagmobad? 41.1. saqarTvelos sportisa da axalgazrdobis saqmeTa saministrom acnoba `qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWer jgufs~ rom isini ar floben informacias saqarTvelos sportis sferoSi lgbt diskriminaciis faqtebis Sesaxeb. werilSi aRniSnulia: Tqvens werilSi aRniSnuli im qmedebebis gamovlenis SemTxvevaSi, romlebic Seicaven danaSaulis an gadacdomis niSnebs, gatarebuli iqneba kanonmdeblobiT gaTvaliswinebuli zomebi (administraciuli an sisxlissamarTlebrivi). garda amisa, Cvenis mxriv aseve gamovTqvamT mzadyofnas, rom erovnul sportul federaciebTan da sxva organizaciebTan erToblivad gatardeba Sesabamisi zomebi, rac uzrunvelyofs Tveni werilis danarTSi miTiTebuli RonisZiebebis ganxorcielebas, momavalSi sportis sferoSi msgavsi saxis diskriminaciis faqtebis aRmosafxvrelad~.216 (ix. qeisi #W33)

X. TavSesafris Ziebis ufleba

42. saerTaSoriso valdebulebis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi, wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda aRiaron, rom seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT devnis kargad dasabuTebuli safrTxe SesaZloa warmoadgendes erovnuli kanonmdeblobiT ltolvilis statusisa da TavSesafris miniWebis marTebul safuZvels. 42.1. aris Tu ara (a) seqsualur orientaciasa da (b) genderul identobaze dafuZnebuli devnis SiSi aRiarebuli, rogorc dasabuTebuli safuZveli ltolvilis statusisa da TavSesafris misaniWeblad?
orIntranet=FFBB55&BackColorLogged=FFAC75; ix. kerZod: muxli 1.I (yvela individisaTvis sportul aqtivobebSi usafrTxo garemoSi CarTvis SesaZleblobis Seqmna); muxli 3 (axlo TanamSromloba sportul arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan); muxli 4.1 (diskriminaciis Tavidan acileba); muxlebi 4.2 da 4.4 (xelmisawvdomoba privilegiebis ar mqone pirebisaTvis). 215 http://www.coe.int/t/dghl/monitoring/ecri/activities/GPR/EN/Recommendation_N12/e-RPG%2012%20-%20A4.pdf: Tumca es dokumenti sportis sferoSi konkretulad rasizms da rasobriv diskriminacias exeba, masSi CamoTvlili zomebi agreTve Zalian kargad miesadageba sportSi sqesobrivi orientaciis da genderuli identobis safuZvelze diskriminaciasTan sabrZolvelad. praqtikuli TvalsazrisiT, zemoT CamoTvlili sami dokumentidan, es ukanaskneli yvelaze gamosadegia. 216 saqarTvelos sportisa da axalgazrdobis saqmeTa saministros sapasuxo werili, N. 04-12/813, TariRi: 02.05.2012

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42.2. gaiares Tu ara TavSesafris moTxovnis ganxilvaze pasuxismgebelma TanamSromlebma swavleba im specifiur problemebze, romelsac xvdebian lgbt ltolvilebi an TavSesafris maZieblebi? 42.3. xdeba Tu ara uaris Tqma TavSesafris moTxovnaze imis safuZvelze, rom momTxovns SeuZlia Tavi aaridos devnas sakuTar saxelmwifoSi Tu damalavs Tavis (a) seqsualur orientacias an (b) genderuli identobas? 43. wevrma saxelmwifoebma gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda miaqcion, raTa ar moxdes TavSesafris maZieblebis gagzavna iseT qveyanaSi, sadac maT sicocxles an Tavisuflebas safrTxe daemuqreba maTi seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis gamo, an sadac isini seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis gamo iqnebian wamebis, araadamianuri an damacirebeli mopyrobis an sasjelis riskis qveS. 43.1. ra procedurebi arsebobs aRniSnuli valdebulebebis uzrunvelsayofad? 43.2. arsebobs Tu ara dokumenturad dadasturebuli SemTxvevebi, sadac aRniSnulia, rom TavSesafris maZiebelebi daabrunes aseT qveyanaSi? 44. TavSesafris maZieblebi daculni unda iyvnen yvela saxis diskriminaciuli politikisa da praqtikisgan; kerZod, Sesabamisi zomebi unda iqnas miRebuli fizikuri Zaladobis riskis Tavidan asacileblad, maT Soris TavisuflebaaRkveTili TavSesafris maZieblebis mimarT ganxorcielebuli seqsualuri Zaladobis, sityvieri agresiis da Seviwroebis sxvagvari formebis Tavidan asacileblad. garda amisa, wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda uzrunvelyon TavSesafris maZieblebisTvis maTive konkretul SemTxvevebTan dakavSirebuli informaciis xelmisawvdomoba. 44.1. ra zomebi aris miRebuli am moTxovnebis Sesasruleblad? 44.2. kerZod, gaiares Tu ara saTanado swavleba da miiRes Tu ara informacia droebiTi moTavsebis izolatoris, policiis TanamSromlebma, samedicino personalma da moxaliseTa organizaciebma, romlebsac xeli miuwvdebaT aseT SemTxvevebze (a) seqsualuri orientaciisa da (b) genderuli identobis sakiTxebze? 42-44. saqarTvelos kanonis mixedviT ltolvilTa Sesaxeb (1998), `ltolvilad iTvleba saqarTvelos teritoriaze Semosuli saqarTvelos moqalaqeobis armqone piri, romlisTvisac saqarTvelo ar aris misi warmoSobis qveyana da romelic iZulebuli gaxda daetovebina Tavisi moqalaqeobis an mudmivad sacxovrebeli qveyana, radganac idevneboda rasis, religiis, erovnuli kuTvnilebis, romelime socialuri jgufis wevrobis an politikuri Sexedulebis gamo da ar SeuZlia an ar surs isargeblos im qveynis mfarvelobiT aseTi saSiSroebis gamo.~217 `socialuri jgufis wevroba~ SesaZloa gavrceldes lgbt adamianebzec.~ Tumca, aseTi praqtikebis Taobaze informacia ar moipoveba. registraciis Semdeg ganmcxadebelis statusis maZieblad aRiareba xdeba. saqarTvelos ltolvilTa da gansaxlebis saministros migraciis, repatriaciis da ltolvilTa sakiTxebis departamenti aseTi SemTxvevebis faqtebs swavlobs. faqtebis moZieba gasaubrebis da kiTxvarebis Sevsebis meSveobiT xorcieldeba. es SeiZleba oTxi Tvis ganmavlobaSi gagrZeldes. am periodSi saqarTvelos ltolvilTa da gansaxlebis saministro, saerTaSoriso organizaciebTan, saxeldobr gaeros ltolvilTa umaRlesi komisris (UNHCR) ofisTan erTad, ganmcxadeblebs droebiTi gansaxlebis centrSi TavSesafriT uzrunvelyofs. kanoni iZleva imis garantias, rom ltolvili ar dabrundeba misi moqalaqeobis an mudmivi sacxovreblis qveyanaSi sakuTari survilis winaaRmdeg, Tuki ltolvilis statusis miniWebis safuZveli (magaliTad, CamoTvlili mizezebis gamo samarTlebrivi devna) iq jer kidev arsebobs. ltolvilis statusis miniWebaze uari SeiZleba sasamarTloSi gasaCivrdes. akrZalulia ltolvilis deportireba im
217 saqarTvelos kanoni ltolvilTa Sesaxeb. muxli 1

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qveyanaSi, sadac mis sicocxles safrTxe rasis, religiis, erovnebis, socialuri jgufis wevrobis an politikuri Sexedulebebis gamo daemuqreba. saqarTvelos kanoni ucxoelTa samarTlebrivi mdgomareobis Sesaxeb, romelic ZalaSi 2006 wels Sevida, krZalavs ucxoelis deportacias saqarTvelodan iseT qveyanaSi, sadac: a) mas devnian politikuri mrwamsisaTvis an im qmedobisaTvis, romelic saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT danaSaulad ar iTvleba; b) mas devnian adamianis uflebaTa da mSvidobis dacvisaTvis, progresuli sazogadoebriv-politikuri, mecnieruli da sxva SemoqmedebiTi saqmianobisaTvis; g) mis sicocxles an janmrTelobas safrTxe emuqreba. gadawyvetileba gaZevebis Sesaxeb SeiZleba gasaCivrebuli iyos sasamarTloSi. konstituciis 47-e muxli iZleva imis garantias, rom saqarTveloSi macxovrebel ucxoel da moqalaqeobis ar mqone pirebs igivenairi uflebebi da movaleobebi gaaCniaT, rogorc saqarTvelos moqalaqeebs, garda konstituciiT da kanonmdeblobiT gansazRvruli gamonaklisebisa. iqve aRniSnulia, rom `sayovelTaod aRiarebuli saerTaSoriso samarTlis normebis Sesabamisad, kanoniT dadgenili wesiT, saqarTvelo TavSesafars aZlevs ucxoel moqalaqeebsa da moqalaqeobis armqone pirebs. aseve, dauSvebelia sxva saxelmwifos gadaeces Semoxiznuli piri, romelsac devnian politikuri mrwamsisaTvis, an im qmedebisaTvis, romelic saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT danaSaulad ar iTvleba. TavSesafris miniWebis Taobaze gadawyvetilebas saqarTvelos prezidenti iRebs. TavSesafris miniWebis Taobaze gancxadebis ganxilva, ucxoelebisaTvis TavSesafris miniWeba, Sewyveta an gauqmeba, iseve rogorc maTi ufleba-movaleobebi `ucxoelebisaTvis TavSesafris miniWebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos prezidendis 1998 wlis brZanebulebiT ganisazRvreba. brZanebulebaSi CamoTvlilia garemoebebi, romlebic SeiZleba TavSesafris miniWebis safuZveli gaxdnen; masSi naTqvamia: `saqarTvelos prezidenti aniWebs TavSesafars ucxoelebs, romlebsac ar gaaCniaT saqarTvelos moqalaqeoba da romlebic idevnebian sakuTar qveynebSi adiamianis uflebebis an mSvidobis dacvis, pregresuli sazogadoebrivi, politikuri, samecniero an sxva SemoqmedebiTi saqmianobis gamo.~ arc Tu ise cxadia, xvdebian Tu ara lgbt pirebi am kategoriebSi da am sakiTxebTan mimarTebaSi arc raime samarTlebrivi precedentebi arsebobs. Tumca, meore mxriv, TavSesafris maZieblis deportacia akrZalulia.. brZanebulebaSi Semdeg ganisazRvreba TavSesafris maZieblis deportirebis akrZalva im qveyanaSi, sadac igi idevneboda politikuri Sexedulebebis an nebismieri sxva iseTi qmedebis gamo, romelic saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT ar iTvleba danaSaulad. gadawyvetileba TavSesafris miniWebis an masze uaris Tqmis Sesaxeb gancxadebis registraciidan oTxi Tvis ganmavlobaS unda iqnas miRebuli. TavSesafarze uaris Tqma SeiZeba sasamarTloSi gasaCivrdes 15 dRis ganmavlobaSi.218 qalTa iniciativebis mxardamWeri jgufisaTvis~ ucnobia, rogor sruldeba es debulebebi praqtikaSi, an arsebobs Tu ara raime SemTxveva, rodesac darRveuli iqna lgbt ltolvilis an TavSesafris maZieblis uflebebi.

XI. adamianis uflebaTa dacvis erovnuli instituti

45. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda uzrunvelyon, rom adamianis uflebadamcav struqturebs hqondeT seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis niSniT diskirminaciis ganxilvis uflebamosileba; kerZod maT unda SeeZloT sakanonmdeblo da politikis rekomendaciebis SemuSaveba, sazogadoebis cnobierebis amaRlebaze muSaoba, xolo erovnuli kanonmdeblobis mier daSvebis SemTxvevaSi, sajaro da kerZo seqtoris individualuri saCivrebis ganxilva, sasamarTlo saqmiswarmoebis inicireba da aRniSnul saqmiswarmoebaSi monawileobis miReba.
218 kvleva homofobiis, transfobiis da seqsualuri orientaciis da genderuli identobis safuZvelze diskriminaciis Sesaxeb. samarTlebrivi analizi: saqarTvelo. damoukidebeli mkvlevari ana nacvliSvili. COWI. 2010. gv. 13-14 bmuli: http://www.coe.int/t/commissioner/source/lgbt/georgialegal_e.pdf

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45.1. arian Tu ara erovnuli uflebadamcavi institutebi aRWurvilni uflebamosilebiT miiRon Semdegi zomebi: (a) seqsualuri orientaciisa da (b) genderuli identobis niSniT diskriminaciasTan dakavSirebiT? 45.1. saqarTvelos saxalxo damcveli `saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanonis Tanaxmad uflebamosilia adamianis uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa dacvis saxelmwifoebrivi garantiebis uzrunvelyofis mizniT, zedamxedveloba gauwios saxelmwifo xelisuflebisa da adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoTa, sajaro dawesebulebaTa da Tanamdebobis pirTa mxridan saqarTvelos teritoriis farglebsa da mis iurisdiqciaSi myofi yvela pirisTvis saxelmwifos mier aRiarebul uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa dacvasa da pativiscemas, ganurCevlad rasisa, kanis ferisa, sqesisa, enisa, religiisa, politikuri an sxva Sexedulebisa, erovnuli, eTnikuri da socialuri kuTvnilebisa, warmoSobisa, qonebrivi da wodebrivi mdgomareobisa, sacxovrebeli adgilisa Tu sxva garemoebisa.219 Sesabamisad, diskriminaciis sakiTxebze muSaoba da mis winaaRmdeg brZola saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis erT-erT umniSvnelovanes mimarTulebasa da prioritets warmoadgens.220 aqve unda iTqvas, rom saxalxo damcvels gaeros wamebis winaaRmdeg konvenciis fakultaturi oqmis farglebSi Seqmnili prevenciis erovnuli meqanizmis funqcia akisria; amave dros mas aqvs penitenciuri sistemaze monitoringis ganxorcielebis eqskluziuri uflebamosileba. 45.2. axorcieleben Tu ara isini Semdeg moqmedebebs: rekomendaciebis wardgena kanonmdeblobisa da politikis Sesaxeb moqalaqeTa cnobierebis amaRleba individualuri saCivrebis ganxilva sasamarTlo procesSi monawileoba sajaro gancxadebis gakeTeba lgbt adamianebis uflebebis ganxorcielebis mxardasaWerad, magaliTad rodesac maT ar aZleven saSualebas Caataron mSvidobiani Sekreba (a) seqsualuri orientaciasa da (b) genderul identobasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebTan mimarTebaSi? 45.2. am etapze saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelisa da misi aparatis mier konkretuli rekomendaciebi am mimarTulebiT ar gakeTebula. saqarTvelos saxalxo damcveli aqtiurad lobirebda saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsSi ganxorcielebul cvlilebas, romliTac damamZimebel garemoebad ganisazRvra danaSaulis Cadena rasis, kanis feris, enis, sqesis, seqsualuri orientaciis, genderuli identobis, asakis, religiis, politikuri an sxva Sexedulebis, SezRuduli SesaZleblobis, moqalaqeobis, erovnuli, eTnikuri an socialuri kuTvnilebis, warmoSobis, qonebrivi an wodebrivi mdgomareobis, sacxovrebeli adgilis an diskriminaciis Semcveli sxva niSniT Seuwynareblobis motiviT. (saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 53 _ e muxlis me-31.)221 saxalxo damcvelis aparatis mier moweris werilSi muSaobis mTavar sferod xazgasmulia: saganmanaTleblo aqtivobebi, individualuri saCivrebis mimoxilva, monawileoba sasamarTlo procesSi da sajaro gancxadebebis gakeTeba. saxalxo damcvelis ofisis pasuxSi WISG-is werilze aRniSnulia, rom saxalxo damcveli Zalian aqtiurad axorcielebs saganmanaTleblo aqtivobebs. amJamad, saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministrosTan gaformebuli memorandumis safuZvelze, igi saqarTvelos masStabiT atarebs Treiningebs Sinagan saqmeTa saministros TanamSromlebisaTvis Temaze `diskriminaciis akrZalva~. aRniSnuli Treiningis farglebSi xdeba saqarTvelos da saerTaSoriso kanonmdeblobis ganxilva da saer219 saqarTvelos organuli kanoni `saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis Sesaxeb~. muxli.3(1) 220 saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis aparatis sapasuxo werili, N.706/04-11, TariRi: 17.07.2012 221 saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi, muxli 53, punqti 31

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TaSoriso standartebis gacnoba saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros TanamSromlebisaTvis. amasTan zogadad diskriminaciis Temaze ramdenjerme Catarda sxvadasxva saxis diskusia seminarebi _ studentebisTvis. werilSi aseve aRniSnulia, rom saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis ZiriTad funqcias individualur saCivrebze reagireba warmoadgens. bolo wlebis ganmavlobaSi seqsualuri orientaciis safuZvelze diskriminaciis faqtze individualuri gancxadebiT erTeulma pirebma mimarTes. aRniSnul gancxadebebze rogorc ukve aRvniSneT saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelma Sesabamisi RonisZiebebi gaatara, romlebic mogvianebiT saparlamento angariSebSi aisaxa. werilSi aseve aRniSnulia, rom dRemde saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelisTvis seqsualuri orientaciis, an genderuli identobis safuZvelze ganxorcielebul diskriminaciis faqtebTan dakavSirebiT mimdinare sasamarTlo procesis Sesaxeb informacia arc individualur da arc arasamTavrobo organizaciebs ar miuwodebiaT da arc msgavs sasamarTlo procesebze sasamarTlo megobris statusiT monawileoba mouTxoviaT.222 2012 wlis ganmavlobaSi saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelma ramdenjerme gaakeTa sajaro gancxadeba msgavs faqtebTan dakavSirebiT. erT-erTi maTgani exeboda lgbt pirebis mier homofobiis winaaRmdeg brZolis saerTaSoriso dResTan dakavSirebiT gamarTul msvlelobas, romlis drosac adgili hqonda aqciis monawileTa Seuracxyofas. xolo, meore gancxadeba gaakeTa saqarTvelos parlamentis wevris mier gakeTebuli sajaro gancxadebebis safuZvelze. amas garda, unda aRiniSnos, rom am sakiTxebze samoqalaqo ganaTlebis amaRlebis mizniT, saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelma 2012 wlis 17 maiss gaakeTa sajaro gancxadeba homofobiis winaaRmdeg brZolis saerTaSoriso dResTan dakavSirebiT.223

XII. diskriminacia mravaljeradi niSniT

46. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon zomebi, raTa uzrunvelyon, rom erovnul kanonmdeblobaSi diskriminaciis amkrZalavi da diskriminaciis xelis SemSleli samarTlebrivi debulebebi aseve krZalavdnen mravaljerad diskriminacias, maT Soris seqsualuri orientaciisa da genderuli identobis safuZvelze; erovnul uflebadamcav dawesebulebebs unda gaaCndeT farTo mandati, raTa SeZlon aRniSnul sakiTxebTan gamklaveba. 46.1. icaven Tu ara diskriminaciis, prevenciis da akrZalvis erovnuli kanonmdeblobis samarTlebrivi normebi agreTve mravlobiT diskriminacias (a) seqsualuri orientaciisa da (b) genderuli identobis niSniT? 46.1. saqarTvelos ar aqvs calke kanonmdebloba diskriminaciis akrZalvasTan dakavSirebiT. diskriminaciis amkrZalavi normebi aris mocemuli sxvadasxva sakanonmdeblo aqtebSi. uaxloes warsulSi ganxorcielebuli cvlilebebiT saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsiT damamZimebel garemoebad ganisazRvra danaSaulis Cadena rasis, kanis feris, enis, sqesis, seqsualuri orientaciis, genderuli identobis, asakis, religiis, politikuri an sxva Sexedulebis, SezRuduli SesaZleblobis, moqalaqeobis, erovnuli, eTnikuri an socialuri kuTvnilebis, warmoSobis, qonebrivi an wodebrivi mdgomareobis, sacxovrebeli adgilis an diskriminaciis Semcveli sxva niSniT Seuwynareblobis motiviT.224 saqarTvelos saxalxo damcveli aqtiurad lobirebda cvlilebis am saxiT miRebas.225
222 saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis aparatis sapasuxo werili, N.706/04-11, TariRi: 17.07.2012 223 iqve. 224 saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi, muxli 53, punqti 31 225 saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis aparatis sapasuxo werili, N.706/04-11, TariRi: 17.07.2012

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am muxlis gamoyenebis procesSi sasamarTlos aqvs SesaZlebloba daadginos diskriminaciis mravaljeradi xasiaTi. Tumca, normis siaxlidan gamomdinare am etapisTvis praqtika am mimarTulebiT ar aris cnobili.226 46.2. erovnuli uflebadamcavi institutebis uflebamosileba aZlevs Tu ara maT uflebas gadaWran mravaljeradi (multi) diskriminaciis problema? 46.2. saxalxo damcvelis aparats ar aqvs mravaljerad diskriminaciis daregistrirebuli SemTxvevebi.227

226 iqve. 227 iqve.

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danarTi #3. saministroebis, saparlamento komitetebisa da sxva uwyebebis CamonaTvali, romelTac daegzavnaT rekomendaciis teqsti Sesabamisi kiTxvebiT

dasaxeleba vladimer varZelaSvili, saqarTvelos sportisa da axalgazrdobis saministros (yofili) ministri baCana axalaia, saqarTvelos Tavdacvis saministros (yofili) ministri dimitri SaSkini, saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros (yofili) ministri ivane merabiSvili, saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros (yofili) ministri zurab adeiSvili, saqarTvelos 30.04.2012 iusticiis saministros (yofili) ministri 01/27577 30.04.2012 551380 30.04.2012 47096 01.05.2012 1-418 30.04.2012 04/810 04-12/813

rekomendaciis muxli # vis gaegzavna

gagzavnis registraciis TariRi #

saqarTvelos / 39, 40, 41 sportisa da axalgazrdobis saqmeTa saministro

pasuxis miRebis TariRi 02.05.2012 werilis #

komentari/pasuxis avtori g. avaliani ministris pirveli moadgile pasuxi ar migviRia

saqarTvelos Tav- / 29 dacvis saministro / 31, 32,

saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministro

pasuxi ar migviRia

saqarTvelos Sina- / 1, 3, 5, 19, gan saqmeTa saministro

18.05.2012

640758

zviad TavarTqilaZe administraciis ufrosis moadgile 26.06.2012 26948 Tamar TomaSvili saerTaSoriso sajaro samarTlis departamentis ufrosi

90
xaTuna kalmaxeliZe, saqarTvelos sasjelaRsrulebis, probaciisa da iuridiuli daxmarebis saministros (yofili) ministri 30.04.2012 1.05.2012 zurab WiaberaSvili, saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis (yofili) ministri murTaz zodelava, mTavari prokurori (yofili) 30.04.2012 xatia dekanoiZe, saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros akademiis reqtori 01.05.2012

01/13548

14.05.2012

11866/01

giorgi xojevaniSvili saerTaSoriso urTierTobebis departamentis ufrosi

saqarTvelos ius- 1, 2, 3, 5 / 2, 3, ticiis saministro 6, 9, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 37, 42, 43, 44 saqarTvelos /4 sasjelaRsrulebis, probaciisa da iuridiuli daxmarebis sakiTxTa saministro saqarTvelos Sro- / 21, 27, 28, 29, mis, janrTelobisa 30, 33, 34, 35, da socialuri 36, 37, 38 dacvis saministro

35540

15.05.2012

01/27507

01/13-27581

ekaterine jojua RonisZiebaTa dagegmvisa da organizebis sammarTvelo, sammarTvelos ufrosi werili gadamisamarTda iusticiis saministroSi

saqarTvelos 2, 6 iusticiis saministros mTavari prokuratura saqarTvelos Sina- /1, 3 gan saqmeTa saministros akademia

120

22.05.2012

40/5-517

nino esarTia, administraciis ufrosis moadgile

saqarTvelos parlamentis adamianis uflebaTa dacvisa da samoqalaqo integraciis komiteti 4833 22.06.2012 laSa Tordia, komitetis Tavmjdomare rusudan kervaliSvili, parla- 02.05.2012 mentis Tavmjdomaris moadgile, sabWos Tavmjdomare (yofili) 4833 25.06.2012 2/5/5531 rusudan kervaliSvili, parlamentis Tavmjdomaris moadgile, sabWos Tavmjdomare /werili gadamisamarTda saqarTvelos parlamentis adamianis uflebaTa dacvisa da samoqalaqo integraciis komitetSi 4/10/5814 pavle kublaSvili, komitetis Tavmjdomare

1, 2, 3, 5 / 5, 7, laSa Tordia, komitetis Tavm8, 14, 17, 18, 19, jdomare (yofili) 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 42

02.05.2012

4/2/5462

1, 2/ saqarTvelos parlamentis TavmjdomaresTan arsebuli genderuli Tanasworobis sakonsultacio sabWo

saqarTvelos parlamentis iuridiul sakiTxTa komiteti pavle kublaSvili, komitetis Tavmjdomare (yofili) 4833 oTar ToiZe, komitetis Tavmjdomare (yofili) 03.05.2012 4886

1, 2, 3, 5 / 5, 7, 8, 14, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 29, 42,

02.05.2012

04.07.2012

pasuxi ar migviRia

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daviT darCiaSvili, komitetis Tavmjdomare (yofili) 02.05.2012 4833 1, 2, 5 / laSa Jvania, komitetis Tavmjdomare (yofili) 02.05.2012 4833 / 5, 7, 11, 45 giorgi tuRuSi, saqarTvelos saxalxo damcveli (yofili) zviad qoriZe, eTikis qartiis Tavmjdomare 02.05.2012 348 01.05.2012 / 6, 13 irakli Ciqovani komisiis Tavmjdomare 03.05.2012

saqarTvelos par- 1, 2/ 21, 27, 28, lamentis janmrT- 29, 30, 33, 34, elobis dacvisa da 35, 36, 37, 38, socialur sakiTxTa komiteti

saqarTvelos par- 1, 2, 5 / lamentis evropasTan integraciis komiteti

17.05.2012

4/7/4222

daviT darCiaSvili, komitetis Tavmjdomare

saqarTvelos parlamentis sagareo urTierTobaTa komiteti

werili gadamisamarTda saqarTvelos parlamentis adamianis uflebaTa dacvisa da samoqalaqo integraciis komitetSi 17.07.2012 706/04-11 irakli mJavanaZe, marTlmsajulebis departamentis ufrosi 27.07.2012 g/12/27.07 Tamar korZaia -2012 aRmasrulebeli direqtori 03/1164-12 16.05.2012 03/116412 irakli Ciqovani komisiis Tavmjdomare

saqarTvelos saxalxo damcveli

saqarTvelos Jur- / 6, 13 nalisturi eTikis qartiis sabWo

saqarTvelos komunikaciebis erovnuli komisia

danarTi #4. terminologia

biseqsuali _ adamiani, romelsac orive sqesis warmomadgeneli izidavs. gei _ homoseqsualis sinonimi. es termini xSirad gamoiyeneba mxolod mamakacebTan mimarTebaSi da aRniSnavs mamakacs, romelsac emociurad da fizikurad izidavs mamakaci. genderi _ socialurad konstruirebuli koncefcia, an garkveuli qcevebis, niSnebisa da rolebis socialuri klasifikacia `feminur~ da `maskulinur~ jgufebad. genderuli arakonformuloba da genderuli variacia _ pirovnebis protestisa da winaaRmdegobis gamovlineba damkvidrebul genderul `normebTan~ da `SesabamisobebTan~. genderuli (TviT)gamoxatva _ genderis garegnuli manifestacia, romelic ZiriTadad `maskulinur~ da `feminur~ CacmulobaSi, garegnobaSi, manerebSi, metyvelebaSi, da sxva saxis qcevebSi vlindeba. genderuli gamoxatva yovelTvis ar aris seqsualur orientaciis an genderul identobis indikatori. genderuli identoba _ adamianis genderuli TviTaRqma, rodesac is Tavs miakuTvnebs romelime genders (maskulinur an feminur socialur konstruqts). pirovneba SeiZleba axdendes TviTidentifikacias mamakacad an qalad. zog SemTxvevaSi ki, misi TviTaRqma mamakacurobisa da qalurobis socialur konstruqtebs Sorisaa an saerTod scildeba mas. genderuli identoba SeiZleba iyos, an arc iyos adamianis dabadebis sqesTan TanxmobaSi. iqedan gamomdinare rom genderuli identoba Sinagani, internaluri mocemulobaa, is ar aris xiluli sxvebisTvis. genderuli identoba gansxvavdeba seqsualuri orientaciisgan. interseqsuali _ adamiani, romlis anatomia ar Seesabameba iseT biologiur standartebs, romelic aRiarebs mxolod or sqess _ mamakaci da qali. interseqsualoba ar Tavsdeba mxolod qalis an mxolod mamakacis biologiur maxasiaTeblebSi, rac SeiZleba gamoixatos rogorc qromosomul an hormonalur, aseve genitalur doneze. interseqsualoba SeiZleba dabadebisTanave SesamCnevi iyos an mogvianebiT ganviTardes. lesboseli _ qali, romelsac emociurad da fizikurad izidavs qali. lgbt _ abr. lesboseli, gei, biseqsuali, transgenderi. sqesi _ sxeulis klasifikacia mamakacis an qalis jgufebSi. dabadebisas axalSobils misi biologiuri maxasiaTeblebis mixedviT qalis an mamakacis sqess miakuTvneben. maxasiaTeblebSi igulisxmeba: qromosomebi, hormonebi, Sinagani reproduqciuli organoebi da genitaliebi. seqsualuri orientacia _ individis fizikuri, romantikuli, emociuri da/an sulieri miziduloba sxva adamianis mimarT. igi moicavs lesbosur, gei, biseqsualur da heteroseqsualur orientacias. transgenderi _ qolga termini, romelic aRniSnavs adamianebs, visi genderuli identoba, gamoxatva da qceva gansxvavdeba misi biologiuri sqesis tipiuri maxasiaTeblebisgan. transgenderi adamianebi SeiZleba iyvnen heteroseqsualebi, lesboselebi, gei an biseqsualebi. homoseqsuali _ adamiani, romelsac emociurad da fizikurad izidavs misive sqesis warmomadgeneli. homofobia _ iracionaluri SiSi an siZulvili homoseqsualobis an im xalxis mimarT vinc aris (an hgoniaT rom aris) homoseqsuali. analogiurad bifobia aRniSnavs iracionalur SiSs an siZulvils biseqsualobis mimarT, xolo transfobia iracionalur SiSs an siZulvils transgenderi adamianebis mimarT. es fobiebi gamoixateba SeuracxofaSi, crurwmenebsa da negatiur damokidebulebebSi, rac xSirad Zaladobasa da diskriminaciis sxva formebs iRebs.

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