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Whydoesgeneticdivergencecreatesynapomorphies?
Because it leads to different traits that can be used as synamophies.
Useofspeciesconcepts
CriteriontoidspeciesAdvantagesDisadvantages
Biologicalspeciesconcept
Morphospecies concept
Echinoderms Lancelets Tunicates Hagfish Lampreys Sharks, rays, skates Ray-finned fishes Lobe-finned fish Lungfish Frogs & toads Salamanders Mammals Lizards and snakes Turtles Crocodiles (Dinosaurs &) Birds
Africanelephants p
II.Howdoesspeciationoccur? A.Allopatric (differentland)speciation Ifpopulationsareseparatedgeographically,then If populations are separated geographically then evolutionaryforceswillactonthemindependently. 1.Dispersal(recallthat foundereventstrigger geneticdrift) ti d ift)
N.parvulus
(westernislands) ( t i l d ) Genovesa
N.trifasciatus
(Floreana)
N.melanotis
(SanCristobal) Westernislands
N.parvulus
(Genovesa)
N.macdonaldi
SanCristobal (Espaola) ( ) Caribbean mockingbird Floreana Espaola
2.Mechanismofdivergence:
Different selection pressure affect different pollinator.
2.Mechanismofdivergence:
Different environments between the two trees, so they can now have independent evolutionary forces. Apple vs. Hawthorne: -Time of year. -Chemistry of fruit.
e.g.Tragopogon mirus
2.Mechanismofdivergence:
Punchline:itispossibletostudy