LTE (Long Term Evolution), cng ngh ny c coi nh cng ngh di ng th h th 4 (4G, nhng thc cht LTE mi ch c coi

nh 3,9G). 4G LTE l mt chun cho truyn thng khng dy tc d liu cao dnh cho in thoi di ng v cc thit b u cui d liu. N da trn cc cng ngh mng GSM v UMTS, LTE nh s dng cc k thut iu ch mi v mt lot cc gii php cng ngh khc nh lp lch ph thuc knh v thch nghi tc d liu, k thut a anten tng dung lng v tc d liu. Cc tiu chun ca LTE c t chc 3GPP (D n i tc th h th 3) ban hnh v c quy nh trong mt lot cc ch tiu k thut ca Phin bn 8 (Release 8), vi nhng ci tin nh c m t trong Phin bn 9. LTE l mt chun cho cng ngh truyn thng d liu khng dy v l mt s tin ha ca cc chun GSM/UMTS. Mc tiu ca LTE l tng dung lng v tc d liu ca cc mng d liu khng dy bng cch s dng cc k thut iu ch v DSP (x l tn hiu s) mi c pht trin vo u th k 21 ny. Mt mc tiu cao hn l thit k li v n gin ha kin trc mng thnh mt h thng da trn nn IP vi tr truyn dn tng gim ng k so vi kin trc mng 3G. Giao din khng dy LTE khng tng thch vi cc mng 2G v 3G, do n phi hot ng trn mt ph v tuyn ring bit. Phn ln tiu chun LTE hng n vic nng cp 3G UMTS cui cng c th thc s tr thnh cng ngh truyn thng di ng 4G. Mt lng ln cng vic l nhm mc ch n gin ha kin trc h thng, v n chuyn t mng UMTE s dng kt hp chuyn mch knh + chuyn mch gi sang h thng kin trc phng ton IP. EUTRA hay cn gi l E-UTRAN, l giao din v tuyn ca LTE. N c cc tnh nng chnh sau:

Tc ti xung nh ln ti 299.6 Mbit/s v tc ti ln t 75.4 Mbit/s ph thuc vo kiu thit b ngi dng (vi 4x4 anten s dng rng bng thng l 20 MHz). 5 kiu thit b u cui khc nhau c xc nh t mt kiu tp trung vo ging ni ti kiu thit b u cui cao cp h tr cc tc d liu nh. Tt c cc thit b u cui u c th x l bng thng rng 20 MHz.

Tr truyn dn d liu tng th thp (thi gian tr i-v di 5 ms cho cc gi IP nh trong iu kin ti u), tr tng th cho chuyn giao thi gian thit lp kt ni nh hn so vi cc cng ngh truy nhp v tuyn kiu c.

Ci thin h tr cho tnh di ng, thit b u cui di chuyn vi vn tc ln ti 350 km/h hoc 500 km/h vn c th c h tr ph thuc vo bng tn. OFDMA c dng cho ng xung, SC-FDMA dng cho ng ln tit kim cng sut. H tr c hai h thng dng FDD (FREQUENCY DIVISION DUPLEX) v TDD (TIMEDIVISION DUPLEX) cng nh FDD bn song cng vi cng cng ngh truy nhp v tuyn. H tr cho tt c cc bng tn hin ang c cc h thng IMT s dng ca ITU-R. Tng tnh linh hot ph tn: rng ph tn 1,4 MHz, 3 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHz v 20 MHz c chun ha (W-CDMA yu cu rng bng thng l 5 MHz, dn ti mt s vn vi vic a vo s dng cng ngh mi ti cc quc gia m bng thng 5 MHz thng c n nh cho nhiu mng, v thng xuyn c s dng bi cc mng nh 2G GSM vcdmaOne).

H tr kch thc t bo t bn knh hng chc m (femto v picocell) ln ti cc macrocell bn knh 100 km. Trong di tn thp hn dng cho cc khu vc nng thn, kch thc t bo ti u l 5 km, hiu qu hot ng hp l vn t c 30 km, v khi ln ti 100 km th hiu sut hot ng ca t bo vn c th chp nhn c. Trong khu vc thnh ph v th, bng tn cao hn (nh 2,6 GHz Chu u) c dng h tr bng thng di ng tc cao. Trong trng hp ny, kch thc t bo c th ch cn 1 km hoc thm ch t hn. H tr t nht 200 u cui d liu hot ng trong mi t bo c bng thng 5 MHz. n gin ha kin trc: pha mng E-UTRAN ch gm cc eNode B H tr hot ng vi cc chun c (v d nh GSM/EDGE, UMTS v CDMA2000). Ngi dng c th bt u mt cu gi hoc truyn d liu trong mt khu vc s dng chun LTE, nu ti mt a im khng c mng LTE th ngi dng vn c th tip tc hot ng nh cc mng GSM/GPRS hoc UMTS dng WCDMA hay thm ch l mng ca 3GPP2 nh cdmaOne hoc CDMA2000).

Giao din v tuyn chuyn mch gi.

H tr cho MBSFN (Mng qung b n tn). Tnh nng ny c th cung cp cc dch v nh Mobile TV dng c s h tng LTE, v l mt i th cnh tranh cho truyn hnh da trnDVB-H.

Theo chuyn gia vin thng th gii, tc ca dch v bng rng ADSL c cung cp ti Vit Nam trung bnh t 1,5Mbps- 6Mbps. Cng ngh LTE TDD c tc l tng ln n 110Mbps. Cn theo cc chuyn gia ca VDC, LTE c th t tc ti xung 100Mbps, tc ti ln t 50Mbps vi bng thng 20Mhz; hot ng ti u vi tc di chuyn thu bao l 0- 15Km/h; vn hot ng tt vi tc di chuyn ca thu bao t 15- 120Km/h; vn duy tr c hot ng khi thu bao di chuyn vi tc t 120- 350Km/h (thm ch l n 500Km/h ty bng tn). c bit hn c, cng ngh LTE c kh nng tng thch gn nh hon ho vi cng ngh nn tng GSM. Hu ht cc hng sn xut thit b vin thng hng u: NSN, Motorola, Alcatel- Lucent, Ericsson, Nokia... thc hin cc cuc th nghim quan trng trn cng ngh LTE v t nhng thnh cng ng k. Trong , NSN cng b th nghim thnh cng LTE vi tc ln n 173Mbps trong mi trng th vi nhiu thu bao cng lc trn tn s 2,6Ghz, bng thng 20Mhz. Khi c cc phng vin phng vn v vic trin khai LTE ti Vit Nam ng thi im cha v khi a vo thng mi ha cn nhng yu t g, ng Abdallah Harati, Tng gim c NSN ti Vit Nam pht biu: B Thng tin Truyn thng quyt nh cho th nghim LTE trong giai on ny l cn thit v ng thi im. Khi cc doanh nghip trin khai th nghim sm s c nhng li th nht nh, chng hn doanh nghip s bit vn ca cng ngh mi l g, nhng li th cng nh khim khuyt ca n. Nh , h s sn sng khi cng ngh chn mui v khi thi im n h c th trin khai thng mi ha ngay. Nn kinh t Vit Nam ang pht trin rt nhanh, nng ng v cng ngh 3G khi c ng dng rng ri s pht trin rt nhanh trong ch mt thi gian ngn. Ri n mt lc no , LTE s c ng dng trong h thng cng ngh 4G. H thng LTE ca NSN hin trin khai tt trn th gii v cng b th nghim thnh cng ti Vit Nam. NSN cng ang sn sng trin khai h thng ny bt c lc no. Vn thng mi ha hin nay cn li l hon ton ph thuc vo cc nh khai thc mng Vit Nam.

Bc m ln 4G iu n tng ng li khi cc phng vin trao i vi ng Abdallah Harati l ng nhn mnh n vic cc nh mng c th pht trin, nng cp ln LTE ngay trn nn tng 3G hin c m vn m bo yu t tng thch, mang li hiu qu u t cao. iu ny gip nh mng khng b ph nn tng hin c m vn c th pht trin mnh nn tng mi vi tc v nhiu dch v i km hin i, vt tri. ng thi, y cng l bc m quan trng tin ti 4G trong tng lai. V nn tng LTE ca NSN hin hon ton c th p ng c nhu cu . khng nh iu ny, ng Abdallah Harati chia s thm, Vit Nam l th trng cc k quan trng, NSN n Vit Nam khng ch kinh doanh m cam kt mnh m h tr cc nh khai thc mng tin ln LTE mt cch hiu qu nht trn mi phng din. Khng ch vy, NSN cn mong mun c a i ng k thut chuyn nghip ca mnh vo Vit Nam nhm xy dng i ng k thut c trnh cao. T gip cc nh khai thc mng pht trin nn tng cng ngh thng tin, dch v bng thng rng mnh m nht. Ngi tiu dng sp ti s c hng nhng dch v ti tn vi tc nhanh chng mt khng thua km cc nc pht trin trn th gii. Tng gim c NSN Vit Nam khng nh thm, hin nay, NSN cung cp sn phm gii php, thit b cho 19 mng trin khai LTE thng mi trn th gii, NSN bit trin khai h thng ny nh th no v NSN c kinh nghim. Nu cc nh khai thc Vit Nam mun trin khai thc t mng LTE, NSN s gip h rt ngn c nhiu thi gian, trnh c nhng sai lm m cc n v khc gp phi v NSN hc hi c kinh nghim cc hng khc trn th gii. Hn th, vic pht trin mng v tuyn cn c ngha tch cc cc vng su, xa, ng Abdallah Harati by t: Khi quan st nhiu quc gia khc th cc vng su vng xa nng thn vn cha c th hng dch v vin thng. Khi a dch v in thoi, Internet v khu vc , vic trin khai hu tuyn s khng hiu qu m phi trin khai cc cng ngh v tuyn nh 3G hoc cc cng ngh khng dy khc nh LTE, Wimax, 4G. Khi tip cn n lp khch hng , lu lng s dng s tng rt nhanh v i hi nh khai thc mng phi khng ngng i mi, nng cp cng ngh p ng kp nhu cu v cung cp n khch hng nhiu dch v hp dn. C th ni vic ng dng, trin khai mt cng ngh no sm hay mun ph thuc vo chin lc ca tng nh khai thc vin thng. ng dng cng ngh di ng khng phi l cng vic bng phng, tin hnh t t m phi theo cch t bin. Hn na,

khng bao gi l qu sm hc hi mt iu g v chng ta phi lun sn sng khi thi c n c th nm bt v i ph. Trc cc thc mc th trng 3G v 4G c s khc nhau nh th no, ng Abdallah Harati cho bit: Thc ra th 2G hay 3G, 4G cng u l l trnh pht trin mng thi. Nay chng ta so snh 3G vi 4G cng tng t nh chng ta tng so snh 2G v 3G. Trc y, dng mng 2G, chng ta vn c th dng in thoi vo mng Internet, truy cp d liu, nhng tc chm. Nhng vi 3G, chng ta c th truy cp hp th nhanh chng, chuyn ti file ln, v nh ti chng hn, ti c th lm vic thoi mi trn t. Vi 4G, hin ti c nhng ng dng m chng ta cha hnh dung c, song trn th gii c h thng th nghim cng ngh 4G LTE, chng ta c th tri nghim thc t v hnh dung. V d thay v kt ni v tuyn, chng ta c th s dng kt ni 4G thu bao 1 b phim HD trn my ch sau xem trn TV nh, hoc t chc hi ngh video, hoc tt c cc ng dng khc nh thoi, Internet c hi t trn mt nn tng... Nh vy nh khai thc s kinh doanh hiu qu hn.

B sung: LTE (Long Term Evolution) cn c gi l EUTRA (Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access) hay E-UTRAN (Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network) l cng ngh c kh nng cung cp cho ngi dng tc truy cp d liu nhanh, cho php cc telco c th pht trin thm nhiu dch v truy cp sng v tuyn mi da trn nn tng IP ti u, v c bit thun tin cho vic nng cp mng t 3G ln 4G. Mc tiu m 3GPP t ra cho LTE (Release 8) gm: tc truyn d liu cao, tr thp v cng ngh truy cp sng v tuyn gi d liu ti u. C th nh sau: Tc : Tc ti xung (Downlink - DL) cao nht bng thng 20MHz c th ln n 100Mbps, cao hn t 3-4 ln so vi cng ngh HSDPA (3GPP Release 6) v tc ti ln (Uplink - UL) c th ln n 50Mbps, cao hn t 2-3 ln so vi cng ngh HSUPA (3GPP Release 6) vi 2 anten thu v 1 anten pht thit b u cui tr: Thi gian tr ti a i vi dch v ngi dng phi thp hn 5ms rng bng thng linh hot: c th hot ng vi bng thng 5MHz, 10MHz, 15MHz v 20MHz, thm ch nh hn 5MHz nh 1,25MHz v 2,5MHz

 Tnh di ng: Tc di chuyn ti u l 0-15km/gi, v vn hot ng tt vi tc di chuyn t 15-120km/gi, thm ch ln n 500km/gi ty bng tn Ph tn s: hot ng theo ch phn chia theo tn t (FDD Mode) hoc ch phn chia theo thi gian (TDD mode). ph sng t 5-100km (tn hiu suy yu t km th 30), dung lng hn 200 ngi/cell (bng thng 5MHz) Cht lng dch v: H tr tnh nng m bo cht lng dch v QoS cho cc thit b. VoIP m bo cht lng m thanh tt, tr mc ti thiu (thi gian ch gn nh khng c) thng qua cc mng chuyn mch UMTS Lin kt mng: Kh nng lin kt vi cc h thng UTRAN/GERAN hin c v cc h thng khng thuc 3GPP (non-3GPP) cng s c m bo. Thi gian tr trong vic truyn ti gia E-UTRAN v UTRAN/GERAN s nh hn 300ms cho dch v thi gian thc v khng qu 500ms cho cc dch v cn li Chi ph: Chi ph trin khai v vn hnh gim t c cc mc tiu trn, LTE s phi s dng cc k thut mi: OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access - Truy cp a phn chia theo tn s trc giao) cho hng DL v SC-FDMA (Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access Truy cp a phn chia theo tn s sng mang n) cho hng UL. Thm vo , vic s dng anten MIMO cng l mt yu cu tt yu. n gin ha kin trc, LTE c mt s thay i ln lin quan n SAE (System Architecture Evolution). Ch hot ng ca LTE gm FDD (Frequency Division Duplex Phn chia theo tn s song cng) v TDD (Time Division Duplex Phn chia theo thi gian song cng). LTE TDD hay TDLTE cung cp bc tin trin di hn cho cc mng da trn k thut TD-SCDMA (Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access Phn chia theo thi gian- a truy cp phn chia theo m ng b).