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Generic Name: Metoclopramide Brand Name: PLASIL CLASSIFICATIONS Therapeutic: Antiemetics ACTIONS Physiologic Mechanism Decreased nausea and

d vomiting. Decreased symptoms of gastric stasis. Pharmacologic Mechanism Blocks dopamine receptors in chemoreceptor trigger zone of the CNS. Stimulates motility of the upper GI tract and accelerates gastric emptying. INDICATION Management of esophageal reflux Treatment and prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting NURSING CONSIDERATIONS Assess patient for nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, and bowel sounds before and after administration. May cause drowsiness. Advise patient to avoid concurrent use of alcohol and other CNS depressant while taking this medication. Advise patient to notify health care professional immediately if involuntary movement of eyes, face or limbs occurs.

Generic Name: Cefazolin Sodium Brand Name: MAXCEP Dosage: 1gm CLASSIFICATIONS Cephalosporins First generation ACTIONS Physiologic Mechanism Bactericidal action against susceptible bacteria. Pharmacologic Mechanism Bind to bacterial cell wall membrane, causing cell death. INDICATION Treatment of infection of skin caused by Staphylococcus and Streptococcus NURSING CONSIDERATIONS Obtain blood specimen for culture and sensitivity tests before giving first dose. Therapy may begin pending results. Alert: Dont confuse drug with other cephalosporins that sound alike. Observe patient for signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis (rash, pruritis, laryngeal edema, wheezing). Administer the drug by infusing slowly. Tell patient to report discomfort at IV site. Use cautiously in patients hypersensitive to penicillin because of the possibility of cross-sensitivity with other beta-lactam antibiotics.

Generic name: MIDAZOLAM Brand Name: Dormicum CLASSIFICATIONS Therapeutic: Anti-anxiety agents, sedative/hypnotics Pharmacologic: benzodiazepines ACTIONS Physiologic Mechanism Short-term sedation Postoperative amnesia Pharmacologic Mechanism Acts at many levels of the CNS to produce generalized CNS depression. Effects may be mediated by GABA, an inhibitory neurotransmitter. INDICATION Preprocedural sedation. Aids in the induction of anesthesia and as part of balanced anesthesia. NURSING CONSIDERATIONS Assess level of sedation and level of consciousness throughout and for 2-6 hr following administration. Monitor BP, pulse and respiration continuously during IV administration. Oxygen and resuscitative equipment should be immediately available. If overdose occurs, monitor pulse, respiration , and BP continuously. Maintain patent airway and assist ventilation as needed. If hypotension occurs, treatment includes IV fluids, repositioning and vasopressors. The effects of midazolam can be reversed with flumazenil (Romazicon).

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