Group 3 The meaning of the following literary terms: 1. Denotation - The act of denoting; indication.

- Something, such as a sign or symbol, that denotes. - Something signified or referred to; a particular meaning of a symbol. - The most specific or direct meaning of a word, in contrast to its figurative or associated meanings 2. Diction The choice of a particular word as opposed to others. A writer could call a rock formation by many words--a stone, a boulder, an outcropping, a pile of rocks, a cairn, a mound, or even an "anomalous geological feature." The analytical reader then faces tough questions. Why that particular choice of words? What is the effect of that diction? The word choice a writer makes determines the reader's reaction to the object of description, and contributes to the author's style and tone. Compare with concrete diction and abstract diction, above. It is also possible to separate diction into high or formal diction, which involves elaborate, technical, or polysyllabic vocabulary and careful attention to the proprieties of grammar, and low or informal diction, which involves conversational or familiar language, contractions, slang, elision, and grammatical errors designed to convey a relaxed tone.

3. Didactic Writing that is "preachy" or seeks overtly to convince a reader of a particular point or lesson. Medieval homilies and Victorian moral essays are often held up as examples of didactic literature, but one might argue that all literature is didactic to one extent or another since the written word frequently implies or suggests an authorial attitude. Sometimes, the lesson is overtly religious, as in the case of sermons or in literature like Milton's Paradise Lost, which seeks to "justify God's ways to men." In a more subtle way, much of Romantic literature hints at a critique of urbanized and mechanized life in 19th-century London. See homily, propaganda, Victorian. 4. Dramatic irony A plot device in which the audiences or readers knowledge of events or individuals surpasses that of the characters. The words and actions of the characters therefore take on a different meaning for the audience or reader than they have for the plays characters. This may happen when, for example, a character reacts in an inappropriate or foolish way or when a character lacks self-awareness and thus acts under false assumptions. The device abounds in works of tragedy. In the Oedipus cycle, for example, the audience knows that Oedipuss acts are tragic mistakes long before he recognizes his own errors.

5. Duologue - (Performing Arts / Theatre) a part or all of a play in which the speaking roles are limited to two actors - a less common word for dialogue 6. Dynamic character Also called a round character, a dynamic character is one whose personality changes or evolves over the course of a narrative or appears to have the capacity for such change. The round character contrasts with the flat character, a character who serves a specific or minor literary function in a text, and who may be a stock character or simplified stereotype. Typically, a short story has one round character and several flat ones. However, in longer novels and plays, there may be many round characters. The terms flat andround were first coined by the novelist E. M. Forster in his study, Aspects of the Novel.

7. Dramatis personae (Latin: "people of the play"): A list of the complete cast, i.e., the various characters that will appear in the play. This list usually appears before the text of the main play begins in printed copies of the text. In late periods of drama, the dramatis personae often included a brief description of the character's personality or appearance. In the First Folio, such lists appeared at the end of some Shakespearean plays, but not at the end of all of them.

8. Doppelgnger In fiction and folklore, a doppelgnger (German "double walker") (pronounced [dpl ] ( listen)) is a paranormal double of a living person, typically representing evil or misfortune. In modern vernacular it is simply any double or look-alike of a person. It also describes the sensation of having glimpsed oneself inperipheral vision, in a position where there is no chance that it could have been a reflection. Doppelgngers often are perceived as a sinister form of bilocation and are regarded by some to be harbingers of bad luck. In some traditions, a doppelgnger seen by a person's friends or relatives portends illness or danger, while seeing one's own doppelgnger is an omen of death. In Norse mythology, a vardger is a ghostly double who precedes a living person and is seen performing their actions in advance. InFinnish mythology, this is calletiinenAncient Egyptian mythologykaTrojan WarHelen helping to stop the war. In some myths, the doppelgnger is a version of theAnkou, a personification of death. 9. Dramatic monologue

Definition: A poetic form in which a single character, addressing a silent auditor at a critical moment, reveals himself or herself and the dramatic situation. Example: My Last Duchess by Robert Browning.

10. Ekphrasis

Definition: The graphic, often dramatic, description of a visual work of art. In ancient times, it referred to a description of any things, person or experience. Example: "On the Medusa of Leonardo Da Vinci in the Florentine Gallery" by Percy Bysshe Shelley Shelley's appalled yet enraptured description of this painting ("it is less the horror than the grace / Which turns the gazer's spirit into stone") beautifully catches its unsettling appeal, though it turns out that the painting is not actually by Da Vinci.
11. Elegy

Definition: Mournful, melancholic or plaintive poem, especially a funeral song or a lament for the dead. Example: I hold it true, whatever be fall, I feel it when I sorrow most, Its better to have loved and lost, Than never to have loved at all. In Memoir A.H.H by Alfred Lord Tennyson

12. Epic poetry

Definition: A poetry that celebrating the deeds of some hero. Example: Paradise Lost by John Milton

13. Epitaph Definition: An epitaph refers literally to an inscription carved on a gravestone. In a more general sense, an epitaph is the final statement spoken by a character before his death. Example: In many of Shakespeare's plays, it is common for the last words a character speaks to come true, especially if he utters a curse. Other famous epitaphs include John Keats' grave inscription: "Here lies one whose name was writ in water." 14. Episode

Definition: A scene involving the actors' dialogue and action rather than the chorus's singing, or sections of such scenes in a Classical Greek tragedy

15. Epiphany Definition: Christian thinkers used this term to signify a manifestation of God's presence in the world. It has since become in modern fiction and poetry the standard term for the sudden flare into revelation of an ordinary object or scene. In particular, the epiphany is a revelation of such power and insight that it alters the entire world-view of the thinker who experiences it. (In this sense, it is similar to what a scientist might call a "paradigm shift.") Example: Shakespeare's Twelfth Night takes place on the Feast of the Epiphany, and the theme of revelation is prevalent in the work. James Joyce used the term epiphany to describe personal revelations such as that of Gabriel Conroy in the short story "The Dead" in Dubliners.

16. Ethos

Definition: Sociology . the fundamental character or spirit of a culture; the underlying sentiment that informs the beliefs, customs, or practices of a group or society; dominant assumptions of a people or period: In the Greek ethos the individual was highly valued.