CHAPTER 6 AIR PRESSURE

Exercise 6.1

1. The diagram below shows the random movement of gas particles and their collisions with
the wall of a container.

Movement of gas particle

Wall of a container

Complete the statement below to explain what air pressure is with reference to the
Kinetic Theory.
Air pressure is the force exerted when
the

2.

_____________collides with

of a container.

The diagrams below show two apparatus A and B that is used to show the factors that
affects air pressure.

Force
Piston
Gas particles
Enclosed container

(A)

(B)

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Underline the correct answers below to explain how the two factors affect air pressure.

a. In apparatus A, when the temperature of air in an enclosed container is increased, the

air pressure inside the glass flask will (increase / decrease).

b. In apparatus B, when the volume of air in an enclosed container is decreased, the air
pressure inside will (increased / decreased).

3. The diagram below shows that air will flow from a higher air pressure region to a region of
lower air pressure.
Air flow

Higher air pressure region

Gas particle

Lower air pressure region

a) Tick (/) the correct appliance that uses the principle of air pressure based on the
information above.

b) Underline the correct answer in the statement below to explain how the correct
appliance in 1(a) works after the piston is pushed.

When the volume of air inside the appliance is (increased / decreased), air pressure
increases

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4. In the diagram, a man is not able to suck water from the glass because there is a hole in the
drinking straw.

Suggest one way to enable him to suck the water up the drinking straw?
______________________________________________________________________

5. The diagram below shows two highly pressurized gas containers.

Tick (/) in the correct box below for the correct safety measure and (X) if wrong.

6. Diagram 1 shows an experiment related to air pressure.

Diagram 1
(a) What would happen to the balloon?
______________________________________________________________________
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(b) Explain your answer.

______________________________________________________________________
(c) Name two factors that affect the air pressure.
i. ___________________________________________________________________
ii. ___________________________________________________________________

7. Diagram 2 shows a rubber sucker sticking onto the mirror.

Diagram 2
(a) Why does the sucker stick onto the mirror?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________

(b) What is the easiest way to separate the sucker from the mirror?
______________________________________________________________________
(c) Give your reason for your answer in (b) above.
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
(d) Give four examples of devices that apply the concept of air pressure in their operation.
i. ___________________________________________________________________
ii. ___________________________________________________________________
iii. ___________________________________________________________________
iv. ___________________________________________________________________

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8. Ismail has conducted a simple experiment as shown in Diagram 3.

Diagram 3
The table below shows the result of this experiment.
Plastic bag

Time taken (in seconds) to fill the 100 ml beaker

With one hole

38

With 2 holes

20

With 4 holes

20

(a) State the following variables :

i. Manipulated variable : _________________________________________________
ii. Responding variable : _________________________________________________
iii. Constant variable
: _________________________________________________
(b) Explain why the water in Experiment B flows out faster than Experiment A.
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
(c) What would happen if cooking oil is used instead of water?
______________________________________________________________________
(d) Based on the air pressure concept, write your conclusion for this experiment.
______________________________________________________________________

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9. In an experiment, a glass full of water is covered with a piece of cardboard.

(a) What would happen to the water if the glass and the cardboard are carefully
overturned?
___________________________________________________________________
(b) Explain your answer above.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
(c) What do you learn from the above experiment?
___________________________________________________________________
(d) Water is boiled in a metal can and steam is allowed to escape. Then, the can is
closed tightly and sunk into a basin of iced water.
i.

In your opinion what would happen to the can?

________________________________________________________________

ii. Explain your answer above.

________________________________________________________________
iii. Give two factors that influence the air pressure.
________________________________________________________________
iv. At sea level, the air creates 10N force on every 1cm3 area. How much air
pressure is exerted on the 150cm3 surface area?
________________________________________________________________

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10. Diagram 4 shows an apparatus to show that temperature affects air pressure.

Diagram 4
(a) What is the function of the pressure gauge?
______________________________________________________________________
(b) What happens to the air pressure in the glass flask when the water is heated?
______________________________________________________________________
(c) Based on your observation, what is the relationship between the temperature and air
pressure.
______________________________________________________________________
(d) Choose two devices from the box below which use the principle of air pressure to
operate.
Electric kettle

Syphon

Rice cooker

Rubber sucker

i. ___________________________________________________________________
ii. ___________________________________________________________________
(e) Besides temperature, state one other factor that affects air pressure.
______________________________________________________________________

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11. The diagram shows devices using the principal of air pressure.

(a) What is the function of the device labeled S.

______________________________________________________________________
(b) i.

What happens when air is sucked out of the drinking straw?

________________________________________________________________

ii.

Give one reason for your answer in b (i).

________________________________________________________________

(c) What happens when there is a hole on the drinking straw?

______________________________________________________________________
(d) Name two other devices that use the principle of air pressure.
i. ________________________________________________________________
ii. ________________________________________________________________

12. Diagram 5 shows a set up of apparatus to investigate air pressure.

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(a) i.

State a reason for boiling the water in P.

________________________________________________________________

ii. State one observation in R.

________________________________________________________________
iii. Explain your answer in (a)(ii).
________________________________________________________________
iv. What is the conclusion for this activity?
________________________________________________________________
(b) Diagram 5.2 shows a person drinking from a packet of juice. The packet collapses.

Diagram 5.2

i.

What step can you take to change K to its original shape?

________________________________________________________________
ii. Draw particles in the boxes given to show the changes that has occurred in J and
K.

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13. Diagram 6.1.1 shows a dented pingpong ball is immersed in hot water.

(a) i.

Draw you observation after five minutes in Diagram 6.1.2.

ii. Explain you answer in (a)(i).

___________________________________________________________________
(b) List the factors that influence air pressure
i. ___________________________________________________________________
ii. ___________________________________________________________________

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14. Diagram 7 shows a syringe.

Diagram 7
(a) What will happens to the air pressure in the syringe as the piston is pushed downwards?
______________________________________________________________________
(b) What can be done to make a dented pingpong ball round again?
______________________________________________________________________
(c) What can be concluded about the factors affecting air pressure from activities carried out
in (a) and (b).
______________________________________________________________________
(d) The following Diagram 8 shows milk being poured out of a tin.

Diagram 8
i.

Explain why the milk does not flow out from the tin.
___________________________________________________________________

ii. What could be done to make the milk floe easily out of the tin?
___________________________________________________________________
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15. Diagram 9 shows a device that applied the principle of air pressure.
Q
P

Diagram 9
(a) i.

Name the device shown in Diagram 9.

___________________________________________________________________

ii. State the uses of the device in Diagram 9.

___________________________________________________________________
(b) i.

What will happen to the air pressure in the cylinder, when the piston pushed
inwards?
___________________________________________________________________

ii. State one inference for the answer in (b) (i).

___________________________________________________________________

(c) What will happen to the air pressure at P, when the piston is pushed inwards?
______________________________________________________________________
(d) Based on Diagram 9, what will happen if there is a hole at point Q?
______________________________________________________________________

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16. Diagram 10 shows an activity to study the air pressure. In the activity, a dented ping-pong
ball was placed in hot water.

Diagram 10
(a) i.

What happen to the dented ping-pong ball after a few minutes?

___________________________________________________________________

ii. Give one reason for your observation in (a) (i).

___________________________________________________________________

(b) i.

What happens to the air pressure in the ping-pong ball when it is heated?
___________________________________________________________________

ii. Draw the movement of particles in the ping-pong ball at the end of the experiment in
the diagram below.

(c) i.

What will happen if the hikers bring gas cylinder up to a mountain?

___________________________________________________________________

ii. Give you reason for your answer in (c)(i).

___________________________________________________________________
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17. Diagram 11 shows a suction pump.

Diagram 11
(a) What is the function of a suction pump?
____________________________________________________________________
(b) What happens when the pumps is pressured onto the surface of sink as shown in
Diagram 11?
____________________________________________________________________
(c) What makes the suction pump to be attached strongly onto the surface of the sink
after the step in (b)?
____________________________________________________________________
(d) What happens when the pump is pulled upwards after the step in (c)?
____________________________________________________________________

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