Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
PRIOR TO
1501.
>ft/
By
ALBERT
B^ FREY.
A.
P.
R.
FREY
No.
179.
NEW
YORK.
1014.
1501
ALBERT
R.
FREY
HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION
Probably the most important incident that characterized the fifteenth century was the conquest of Constantinople by the Turks in 1453, and the consequent termination of the Eastern or Byzantine emThe history of the other European States during this period pire. while interesting, is insignificant in comparison to the rise and growth of the Ottoman empire. France and England finally reached an agreement in their struggles for supremacy, the English retaining Calais only. Hardly had this been accomplished when the House of York began to aspire to the crown, and by their ambitious views they inaugurated the u Civil Wars of the Roses." The House of Tudor under Henry VII began in 1485. France enlarged her territory under Louis XI by the conquest of Burgundy, Provence and Anjou. The three Scandinavian kingdoms, Denmark, Sweden and Norway were joined under Margaret by the union of Kalmar in 1397; but The Low Countries in 1435 Sweden withdrew from this arrangement. included a number of independent dukedoms, such as Brabant, Flanders, Grelderland, Holland, Zeeland, etc., which eventually became subject to the House of Hapsburg, and the seventeen provinces were united under Charles V during the succeeding century. It was their most flourishing period of trade, and Bruges and Ghent were the great
commercial centres. Throughout the Holy Roman Empire the followers of Johann Huss of Bohemia refused to acknowledge the Emperor Sigismund, which led In 1438 the line of to the Hussite Wars, lasting from 1419 to 1436. Hapsburg succeeded to the throne under Albrecht II and a union of Bohemia and Hungary with the Empire was effected. His successor,
1501
Frederick III, however, could not prevent the newly acquired territories from electing native rulers. The most notable of these, Matthias Corvinus, King of Hungary, defeated the Turks at Vienna in 1485. In Russia Ivan I threw off the Mogul yoke and took the title of Czar upon his accession to the throne in 1462. The marriage of Ferdinand, the Catholic, and Isabella of Castile in 1469, led to the union of the kingdoms of Castile and Aragon, and in 1492 Granada, the last Moorish Kingdom in Spain was taken and annexed to Castile. The Medici family of Florence were supreme throughout Italy during this century. Cosirno became head of the Republic in 1434 and was His grandson, Lorenzo, "II Maga patron of the arts and sciences. iiiAco," succeeded in 1464 and was a poet and writer of no mean rank. The House of Sforza flourished in Milan, Francisco being Duke in 1450 and Galeazzo in 1466. The great theologians of the period include Johann Huss, Martin Luther, Thomas Cramner, and Erasmus. Savonarola occupies a place by The principal writers were Francois Villon, the witty French himself. Hans poet; Sebastian Brandt, the author of the "Ship of Fools;' Sachs, the shoemaker and poet of Nuremburg and Ludovico Ariosto, remains a classic to this day. The fine whose kk Orlando Furioso arts were represented by the brothers Hubert and Jan Van Eyck, the founders of the Flemish school of painting; Hans Holbein, the Elder in Grermany, and the three great Italian masters, Leonardo da Vinci, Michael Angelo, and Raphael. Kopernicus, the astronomer, and Machia velli, the statesman, were also of this century. To Germany belongs the credit for the only great inventions of the age we are speaking of. Gruttenberg's name will always be associated with printing, and Peter Hele of Nuremburg invented watches about The Portuguese on the other hand made practically all of their 1477. geographical discoveries and added vastly to our knowledge of Asia and America. The Canary Islands, Madeira, and the Azores were all discovered by them early in this century, and in 1444 they sighted Nuno Bartholomew Diaz discovTristao, the Cape Verde islands of to-day. ered the Cape of Good Hope in 1486, and the same point was circumnavigated by Vasco da Grama in 1498, who continued from thence to the East Indies. The discoveries by Columbus in the Western Continent are so well known that they need not be recapitulated.
;
'
Europe may be said to begin in the early part of the eighth century, on the conquest of Spain by the Arabs under Tarik in 711. There are a number of Spanish Mohammadan gold
of
1501
numbers prior to the year one hundred of the Hijra with Latin legends of the type and character in use for some years previously in Africa. The earliest dated of these Spanish pieces and probably the earliest dated Mediaeval coin struck in Europe is as follows: Gold Solidus. Year 93 A. H. (711 A. D.) Obv. Margin ins. H2ADFRTIN2PNANNXCIII
OCX Rev. Margin ins. INNDINND2N2D222 In centre, An eight rayed star.
In centre,
IN
NDSA
These abbreviations may be translated as follows: Hie SoLiDus FeEiTus IN SPaNia ANNo XCIII INDiCtione IN Nomine Domini NoN DeuS NiSi Dei/.S SoluS Non DeuS Alius. There exists another positive date, that of the year 98 A. H. (716 A. D.) This is a bi -lingual piece with the date written out in Arabic. From the time of the fall of the Ommiades at Baghdad and the continuation of that line in Spain in the latter half of the eighth century, we have a very extensive series of dated Hispano -Arabic coins, those issued by the Almohades being
Although the Christian nations had the example of dated coins set before them by the Mohammadans, they seem to have disregarded it for several centuries, and probably when they did begin to place dates on their money it was not Moslem influence that brought it about, because in several instances, prior to the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, the Christians dated some of their coins as we shall see later. It can be said that the Arabs began the practice almost from the inception of their coinage. The first pieces they struck were in copper For the most part they were unin imitation of those of Byzantium. We know of one with anno xvii dated, but we find a few exceptions. This is probably an actual date and not a copy of some (638 A. D.) prototype, as others are found dated ka (= 21 or 611 A. D.) and st: (= 23 or 613 A. D.) On the conquest of Persia in 610 A. D., coins based on the old Sassanian models were issued by the Arabs for that province. These bear an almost continuous line of dates in Pehlevi from the year 20 of the Hijra, or 610 of our era, to the end of this especial coinage. The Caliphate probably began to strike money with regularity about 73 coinage A. H., or 692 A. D., when their own distinctive or "reform Since then all Mohammadan dynasties have as it is known, began.
'
almost invariably dated their issues. Foreign nations, in their relations with the Mohammadans, have seen fit to issue coins in imitation of Moslem money, and in the few
1501
instances of this practice in Mediaeval times these coins have invariably been dated, while the issues with Christian types have remained unOne of the earliest instances is the gold mancus of Off a of dated. Mercia. This is a close copy of an Abbaside dinar but with off a rex
157 A. H. (774 A. D.) This date possibly may have no significance, the whole inscription being copied in detail, nevertheless it falls within the reign of this Mercian monarch, who, by the way, dated none of his own indigenous coins.
Mohammadan date
In the eleventh century the Normans began to overrun Sicily and Southern Italy, and gradually drove out the Arabs who had been entrenched there for several centuries. These later invaders issued coins bearing Arabic legends as well as their own Christian types. Those of Moslem fabric were invariably dated, the earliest being so poorly written that the legends are indecipherable. About the first legible coins are gold pieces of Roger I, Count of Sicily, struck at Messina in 485 A. H. (1092 A. D.) He and his successors coined pieces with Arabic legends for a number of years, the dates always being in the Mohammadan era. On the other hand those pieces which bear Latin inscripThere is however a silver concave tions are invariably without date. ducat of Roger II, struck at Brindisi, which has a regnal date.
Obv. Bust of Christ facing,
(Iesus Christies
XIC. XC.
RG
IN.
AETRN
Regnat in aeternum) Rev. Roger II and his son the Duke of Apulia jointly holding a at left, R. DX. AP. (Rogcross: at right, RR SLE. (Rogerius Rex Siciliae) in field, vertically, ANRX (Anno regni decimo) erius Dux Apaliae) 1140 A. D.
;
;
the northern Christian kingdoms of the Iberian peninsula gradually became stronger they slowly drove the ever -weakening Moorish dynasties before them. Alfonso VIII found there many Mohammadan
subjects under his sway, and issued gold pieces with Arabic inscripAs the legends on these pieces are Christian in their sentiment, tions. though based on the stereotyped formula used on Mussalman coins, we
As
think
it
ALF
Marginal
the
ins.
and
is
Rev. Centre ins. Prince of the Catholics, Alfonso son of Sancho, God help him and protect him.
may
1501
Marginal ins. This dinar was struck in the city of Toledo in twelve hundred and twenty -three of (the era of) Es-Safar. Es-Safar or the Spanish era is reckoned from January 1, B. C. 38, being the year following the conquest of Spain by Augustus. The above piece was coined in 1185 A. D. There is an almost continuous line of dated dinars from 1223 Safar, through Alfonso's reign and into the time of Henry I, as we find one of these Arabic inscribed gold dated 1255 Es-Safar (1217 A. D.) It is worthy of note that Alfonso struck a dated coin prior to his Arabic emissions. This piece probably commemorates his entrance into Toledo in 1166 A. D.
Silver obolus.
crosslet Cross (i$2X ffiOCQQQQC Cross WOrf^WVSI* (Toledo) The date 1204 corresponds to 1166 of our era. However, Alfonso and his successors did not continue the practice and there was a lapse of several centuries before they resumed the cusa large gold coin of Peter I, the tom. One exception should be noted Cruel, 1350-69, bearing the Spanish date 1398 (1360 A. D.)
+ OOmiI>VjS
miOJcil
Hh
TZVXVrj}0^
!
^^^VjS
O0I
struck in Europe, they bear the dates of the Christian era. These are the gold dinars or besants with Arabic inscriptions struck at Saint Jean d'Acre by the Crusaders, in imitation of the dinars of the Fathimides.
Gold dinar.
Obv. Centre ins. There
is
Inner margin. The Father and the Son and the Holy Ghost. Outer margin. Struck at Acre in the year one thousand ttvo hundred and fifty -one of the Incarnation of our Lord the Messiah.
Rev. Centre.
Cross.
We are glorified by the cross of our Outer and inner margins. Lord Jesus the Messiah from whom is our salvation, our eternal life, and our resurrection, and by whom we have been delivered and pardoned. Other dinars are known with the dates 1253, 1254, 1257, 1259. Silver pieces exist, copied from dirhems of the Ayoubite prince Imad-edDin
Ismail.
1501
Obv. Struck at Acre in the year one thousand ttvo hundred and fifty one of the Incarnation of the Messiah. One Lord, one faith, one baptism. [The well known saying of St Paul, Ephesians iv: 5.]
Rev, The Father and the Son and the Holy Ghost, one God.
to
Glory be
God
for ever
and
ever,
any
of their other
remarkable fact that while the dinars just enumerated were being issued in the old Syrian town of Akka a unique coin with a date should have been put forth in the northern portion of Europe.
This silver penny or denier bears on the obverse a bishop's hat i and on the reverse a crown with anno domi with * M: ccxx It is described in the Danske Mynter as probably issued by Niels Stigsen, the Bishop of Roskilde (1225-1249) under Waldemar II. Mader, however, would read the date as 1248, which would bring it to the reign of Erik VI. Plovpenning. More than a century now elapses before another revival of dated coinage occurs, and in the following pages the principal specimens of The majority of them are not in the this period are enumerated. cabinets of collectors in this country, and consequently it was a matter
. . .
.
of considerable difficulty to obtain accurate descriptions, as catalogues and other books of reference had to be relied on. Special thanks are
due to Dr. P. Weinmeister of Leipzig for supplying notes on many of the German series to Mr. Howland Wood of New York, who has contributed the information relative to the Mohammadan issues in this preface, and to Mr. J. de Lagerberg of Passaic, N. J., for his memoranda on the Scandinavian coins. The arrangement followed is a chronological one, and for the sake of uniformity the side bearing the date has always been catalogued as the obverse, although this practice conflicts in some instances with prevalent customs in Europe. Minor varieties have not been considered and medals are excluded. Lastly, the thaler of Mainz dated 1438 (Schult.-R., No. 3488, Reimmann No. 2331) has been purposely omitted as it is now generally conceded that it was one of Becker's fabrications.
also
;
Bohl
Beschreibung der Mainzer Miinzen des Dresden, 1856. Die Miinzen der Stadt und des Bisthums Hildesheim. Dresden, 1855.
Mittelalters.
den, 1853.
Recherches sur les monnaies des comtes de Namur. Bruxelles, 1860, Chalon, R. Chestret de Haneffe, J. de. Numismatique de la principaute de Chestret Avec supplement. Bruxde Liege et de ses dependances (Bouillon, Looz).
elles,
1890-1900.
:
Farina
= Die Sammlung Carl Farina, Coin enthaltend Brandenburg-Preussen, WestMit 6 Tafeln. Frankfurt a/M, 1893. phalen und die rheinischen Lander. Gaedechens = Gaedechens, O. C, von. Hamburger Miinzen und Medaillen. Hamburg, 1843-74. 3 Bande mit Abbildungen. Beitriige zum Groschen-Cabinet. 3 Theile in 2 Banden mit Gotz = Gotz, Chr. Dresden, 1811. 2 Tafeln. Grote = Grote und Holzermann. Lippische Geld- und Munzgeschichte. Leip1867. Haller = Haller, G. E., von. Schweizerisches Miinz- und Medaillen-Kabinet. 2 Bande mit 12 Tafeln. Bern, 1780-81. Histor.-krit. Beschreibung C. C. Hoffmeister = Hoffmeister, bis jetzt
J.
zig,
J.
aller
bekannten Hessischen Miinzen, Medaillen und Marken in geneal.-chronolog. Leipzig u. Hannover, 1857-80. 4 Bande. mit 9 Tafeln. Folge. Paul Joseph. Goldmiinzen des XIV. und XV. Jahrhunderts nebst Joseph urkundlichen Beitragen zur Munzgeschichte der Rheinlande. Mit 4 Tafeln. Frankfurt a/M., 1882. Joseph, P. u. E. Fellner. Die Miinzen u. Medaillen von Frankfurt J. and F. Supplementband mit 11 Tafeln. a/M. Mit 75 Tafeln. Frankfurt, 1896. 3 Bande. 1903. Jungk, H. Die Bremischen Miinzen. Miinzen u. Medaillen d. Erz bisthums Jungk 39 Tafeln. Bremen, 1875. u. d. Stadt Bremen m. geschichtl. Einleitungen. Inn u. Knyphausen, Karl Graf zu. Miinzen- u. MedaillenKnyphausen Hannover, 1872-77. 2 Bande mit 10 Tafeln. Kabinet.
Kohler
= =
Kohler,
J.
T.
Vollstandiges
Ducaten-Cabinet.
Theile.
Hannover,
1759-60.
Die Mittelalter Miinzen der Stadt Aachen. Lietzmann, R. Lohner. Die Miinzen der Republik Bern. Lohner
1501
Madai
Madai, D.
Mit Kupfern. Merle Beschreibung der Kollnischen Miinzsamlung des Domherrn und Kurfiirstl. Kolln, 1792. Praesidenten von Merle. Meyer Catalog der von deni verstorbenen Herrn Adolph Meyer-Gedanensis in Berlin Frankfurt a/M., 1894. hinterlassenen Miinzen- und Medaillen-Sammlung.
3 Theile u. 3 Fortsetzungen.
= =
v.
Mieris
N. Z.
Mieris. Histori der Nederlandsclie Vorsten, sedert Graf 3 Bande. Graavenh., 1732-35. Albert tot den Dood van Keizer Karl V. Herausgegeben von der Wiener Numismatischen Numisinatische Zeitsehrift.
v.
= Franz
Gesellschaft.
Oldenburg
Pichler
= Beskrifning ofver
Pichler, Fr.
6 Tafeln.
J. F.
H. Oldenburgs Samling.
Stockholm, 1883.
2 Theile in 1
=
=
Band.
Reimmann
Satjrma
nover.
Miinzen- und Medaillen-Cabinet des Justitzraths Frankfurt a/M., 1891. 3 Bande mit Tafeln.
Reimmann
in
Han-
Die Saurmasche Miinzsammlung deutscher, schweizerischer und polnischer Geprage von etwa dem Beginn der Groschenzeit bis zur Kipperperiode. Mit 104 Tafeln. Berlin, 1892.
Schult. R. == Schulthess-Rechberg. Thaler-Cabinet. Beschreibung allerbekannt gewordenen Thaler, worin auch alle diejenigen Stiicke aufgenommen wurden, welche in Madai's Thaler-Cabinet beschrieben sind. 3 Bande in 5 Thin. Wien,
1840-67.
v.
Auserlesenes
u.
Chijs Chijs, P. O., van der. De munten der voormalige Heeren en Steden van Overijssel. Mit 21 Tafeln. Haarlem, 1854. De munten van Friesland, Groningen en Drenthe. Mit 22 Tafeln. Haar-
lem, 1855. De munten der voormalige Graafschappen Holland en Zeeland. Mit 44 Tafeln. Haarlem, 1858. De munten der Bisschoppen, van de Heerlijkheid en de Stad Utrecht. Mit 31 Tafeln. Haarlem, 1859. De munten der leenen van de voormalige Hertogdommen Braband en Limburg. Mit 33 Tafeln. Haarlem, 1862. De munten der voormalige Heeren en Steden van Gelderland. Mit 23
Tafeln.
Haarlem, 1853.
to 1501
Aachen.
8.
of Jungheit.
(Lietzmann
Obv.
7TI>
Long
X)I>im
jBev.
Outer inscription: 2CG VII>Gnn SO ^001) GGGXiXXIII s Inner inscription: MOX> 0^71
cross.
: :
Bust of Charlemagne holding a sceptre and globe; beneath, an * I>V;3 s II?0;7OT. (sic.) eagle and shield. * KftBOXiVJS s ^710 ,
Jungheit, also variously written Jungkeit and Junkheit, was formerly a borough
near Aachen, the burggraves of which exercised the privileges of seigniorage, but at
this right is
not known.
1374
2.
Aachen.
9.
(Lietzmann
Obv.
Long
cross.
* K7T350XiVjS
TOT<3
Aachen.
(Lietzmann 10.
Meyer 7555.
Saurma 2802.)
:
. . .
Obv.
Long
cross.
Outer inscription: XO VII>G ;B(I> OOO o JjXXV. Inner inscription: MOI> q'TTI
Rev. Bust of Charlemagne holding a sceptre and globe beneath, an I>VJS s IIV<3:H7OT. Minor K7TBOXiV3 ^7T0 eagle and shield.
><
10
1501
varieties occur
name.
Schonforst and Sichem.
Gros-tournois.
4.
(v. d. Chijs,
XXIX:
5.)
GOG * * Xs~KKKK
jso^ovo^isnn
Ob v. Long -cross.
ffi
jSHH
:
* ^TlTtl^X)
X)T}$
>(
jsig;r
Brabant where a seigniorial mint was established under the governorship of Reinhard I (1358-1391). Later it came under the jurisdiction of the
manorial
fief in
Dukes
of Julich.
The name
1391
5.
Schonforst and Sichem. Gros-tournois. Farina 1801.) (v. d. Chijs, XXVIII: 3; XXIX: 6. Similar to preceding, but with date I. GGG. IiXX2CSCI.
I.
1392
6.
Gros-tournois.
Similar to preceding.
(Farina 1802.)
1393
7.
Schonforst and Sichem. Gros-tournois. Similar to No. (Farina 1803. v. d. Chijs XXVIII: 4. Saurma 2795.)
1402
5.
8.
Aachen.
* TSIXQO
TOIXiri^iSimO QQQQ % 0T7t V35B 7TQ0I? inscription: MOI> Bev. Bust as in No. 3. jSGjS K^OIi' HXK
X)OMII?I
(^I>VjS
X$#7Viy
Aachen, or Aix
la
Chapelle
when
the
mentioned as a place of seigniorage as early as 1166, erected a mint there and decreed that all other coins
is
Vide Lacomblet,
1403
9.
Aachen.
Similar to No.
8.
(Lietzmann 15.
1501
11
Aachen.
Similar to No.
8.
(Lietzmann 16.
1405
11.
Aachen.
Similar to No.
8.
(Lietzmann 17.
J406
12.
Aachen.
Similar to No.
8.
13.
Aachen.
Similar to No.
8.
(Lietzmann 21.
un
11.
Aachen.
22.
Similar to No.
8.
(Lietzmann
There are
varieties.
J4J2
15.
Aachen.
23.
Similar to No.
8.
(Lietzmann
1418
16.
Aachen.
24.
Similar to No.
8.
(Lietzmann
1419
17.
Aachen.
25.
Similar to No. 8
(Lietzmann
1420
18.
Aachen.
26.
(Lietzmann
Meyer 7559.)
8
Similar to No.
CfGGG
XX
12
1501
Aachen.
27.
Similar to No.
8.
(Lietzmann
Meyer 7560.)
1422
Groschen.
1424
Similar to No.
8.
21.
Plappart.
Gallus.
JS7raTTVjS (OTZi
IfVjS.
IR2R.
Rev.
Arms
TEDiEI.
This groschen or piece of three Kreuzer was issued by the Benedictine Abbacy of
under Heinrich von Mangisdorf (1417-1426), and is not only the earliest dated Swiss coin known, but the first one bearing Arabic numerals with a Christian To Roger II, King of Sicily must be given the credit for first using the modern era.
St. Gallen,
this ruler is
known
dated.
533 A. H.
of
As
is
this is a coin
Mohammadan
era, it is
Another coin
Roger
II of a Christian type
in early works.
Conf.
was
the ordinary form of our present figure 4 until the introduction of printing, although
Abbaci (written in 1202 and rewritten in 1228), The mathematicians of the fifteenth century gradually straightened
his Liber
we
find it as 9
and ^
1425
22.
Koln.
Groschen.
Cappe 1101.)
(Saurma 2707.
Below the
7TI?0 8 X)X}1 8 m. 0000. XXV. Rev. Long cross, in the angles the arms of Cologne -Mors, the Palatinate, Mainz, and Trier -Ziegenhain. TJ^CKOia' # TZROm? # GOIr'
arms
of Cologne
and Mors.
Dietrich II von Mors was Archbishop of Cologne from 1414 to 1463, and he had
jurisdiction over mints at
cities in
mint existed there in the third century. There are coins of cl. AGRIP. i. e. Colonia Claudia Aprippina, and varieties with col. cl. aorip. COS. mi.
1501
13
23.
Mainz.
71'
aaaa'
ssv
1)0 DI^I'
Rev. Design as preceding: GOI>^ 7EOI 71 i?G^I M7I0' This coin was issued by Konrad III von Dhaun (1419-1434), who controlled the mint at Frankfurt a/M., and when the Electors of the Palatinate would not include him in their confederation they also selected a picture of Christ for their gold and silver
coins.
(
Groschen. Obv. Bust of Christ in a Tabernacle, below the arms of the Palat* * oogo inate-Bavaria. 7Yi>o * x)i>r ifat>. Long cross, in the angles the shields of Mainz, Palatinate Bavaria, Trier -Ziegenhain, and Cologne -Saarwerden. XsVX)
24.
The Palatinate.
ssv
10'
Issued by
Ludwig
III,
1426
25.
Koln.
Groschen.
(Cappe 1102.)
1429
26.
Gottingen.
(Knyphausen 5507.
Obv.
ifcw.
&
over a cross.
,
0. ^OI>(
XXIX *
Gottingen evidently possessed a mint as early as the middle of the thirteenth century, as in a charter of the town dated 1268 there is mentioned a Bernardus monetarius,
and in another charter of 1330 a solidiis G-ottingensis is referred to. In the chronicles of 1346 occurs the following: pro viginti et septem rnarcis et tertio dimidio fertone puri
argenti G-ottingensis ponderis et valoris.
Burgomaster
of Gottingen, in his
that Kortlinge were issued there in 1360 and 1381 and specifies their weights and The name of the coin is probably derived from " Groschen," lowdegrees of fineness.
" Grote," diminutive " Grotling " obtain " Gortling " and finally "Kortling,"
German
letter r
we
e.
14
to L501
Bingen.
Groschen.
: :
(Saurma 2488.)
CCCC Outer inscription: 7YI>X>0 X)mi XXXI * Inner inscription: moi>6{W7r 811)03 * JBtet*. The archbishop standing, the arms of Main/ and Bingen on each side. aOXVK7T. 2E80fi. 1271.
Obv. Short cross.
:
Konrad
jurisdiction
III
.Main/,
from 141!*
to
134,
and he bad
Miltenberg.
The name
tia,
etc.
Bingen, a well
early as the reign of
known town
lessen, possessed a mint in the grand-duchy of Charlemagne which was later discontinued. The Archbishop
I
as of
in the
fourteenth century.
1432
28.
Koln.
Groschen.
XXXII + 0P *
Outer inscription: * 7YX>PO + Dpi' mOOOO + 3 VI>T Inner inscription * MOP^T^ Rev. The Archbishop standing to his right the armorial shield of Koln, and to the left that of Mors: T^ ^OX)T TiUM *!' CO.
Obv. Short cross.
O.
:
.?.
Issued by Dietrich
II.
1433
29.
Gottingen.
Kortlinff.
g^r^|^
30.
Cleye.
Double Groschen.
(Farina 1517.)
WK O
8
8
:
in the angles,
9
mOP0T7Y
DI>I XXXVI of the Duchies of Cleve and Mark. Rev. Arms X)VX 8 aXiIV^I}' 3 GO 8 X)0 SIM?' K7T
e
* TrDor-^if
1501
15
of
31.
Hochst.
(Farina 3057.
Obv.
x)X}i
*
Arms oooo
of
*
Trier,
* 711)1^0
xxxvi
7?#$g m'KO'V mo
1459.
TI?(0
to
X}0
who was Archbishop
of
This town on the river Main was annexed to the archbishopric of Mainz in 1351.
Coins were struck here from about 1372 to the middle of the fifteenth century.
32.
Coblentz.
Gold gulden.
of Mainz, Cologne,
(Saurma 2616.)
Obv.
The arms
* TT}T}0
Rev.
This gulden was issued by Raban von Helmstadt, the Archbishop of Trier from 1430 to 1439. The mints under his jurisdiction were located at Berncastel, Coblentz, Ober Wesel, Offenbach, and Trier. Coblentz from its position at the confluence of the Mosel and the Rhine is referred
to as Conflimge, Confluentia, etc., in early archives. In 1163 Gudenus in his Codex Diplomaticus Moguntiae (II: 16) speaks of a denarius aureus vel duodecim argentei
C onfluentine monete. The city appears to have issued no coins from the end of the twelfth until the establishment of an ecclesiastical mint there early in the fifteenth
century.
Gold gulden.
in the
Joseph states that gold gulden were issued by Ludwig IV for Bacharach Vide infra.
1437
34.
Bacharach.
Gold gulden.
Obv.
The
G'
'
^'
X)VX & MO
ZiVDV
B'
16
1501
Bacharach.
Albus or Groschen.
(Farina 2481.)
Obv. Bust of St. Peter over the shield of arms of the Palatinate and
Bavaria. 7T * OI?' * SIT * GO OG XXXVII * * IiVDW Rev. Shields in trefoil arrangement. * * 71'
OYS
36.
Q'
* ;>'
33G'
Biehl.
Gold gulden.
Reiinmann 7405.)
(Cappe 1071.
Mainz arranged
in trefoil
m?^
T^'c?c
* 7T IK> * plff' * ftV * GGGG * XXXVII * Rev. Quartered arms of Cologne -Mors on a long cross. OBO' BI GOXiO'
TI(0'
37.
Groxixgex. Gros. (v. d. Chijs X: 44.) Obv. Short cross with five -pointed stars in the angles.
*
:
scription:
scription
ifer.
Arms, consisting
:
* EOI>0 T"7I
two stuyvers.
it
was
Kolx.
Groschen.
Cappe 1074.)
(Sanrma 2713.
7T
DH'
M GGGG XXXVII
Bev. Armorial shields of Mainz, Trier, and the Palatinate, arranged in trefoil fashion. TI?[0:0 7TBG^I QOXrOI?'
=
39.
Mainz.
Gold gulden.
(Cappe 605.)
(96>\
The
in trefoil fashion,
period.
7X'
PO
X)!}!
* 12 *
GGGG
XXXVII
K-&M&
1459.
mtxdV MO'
I
HD^^O'
i>o
who was
the Archbishop of .Mainz from 1434 to
Issued by Theodoric
of Erbach,
40.
Maixz.
Groschen.
(Saurma 2495.)
Inscription similar to the preceding. Obv. St. Peter standing. Rev. Quartered shield over three others arranged in trefoil fashion.
T^OD.
7YJB0^I. m7T'I>.
1501
17
Gold gulden.
*
ONI
GGGG
XXXVII
42.
Tkiee.
Groschen.
(Saurma 2619.)
43.
Liege.
Billon plak.
+ 7YNI>0:DOMII?I:
:
IOI?
0;
Li^ODI^H':
rIOiS
who was
They were
and quarter plak of the same type, and with but slight variations These are the earliest dated coins of the Bishopric of Liege.
44.
Bingen.
Theodoric I of Erbach,
Archbishop of Mainz.
45.
Coblentz.
5.
Reimmann 7443.) Obv. The arms of Mainz, Cologne, and the Palatinate. * 7TI>0 * :OI>r * m' * GGGG * XXXVIII * Rev. Quartered shields of Trier and Helmstadt on a long cross.
(Bohl
Farina 2315.
S7IB7I
46.
GO
Coblentz.
6.
Groschen or Albus.
(Bohl
Saurma 2620.)
QQ XXXVIII 7f XXR' * mQQ Rev. Armorial shields of Mainz, Koln-Mors, and the Palatinate.
Obv. Bust of St. Peter.
*
SmSTT
47.
TrBO^
TB[Vr
GGGG * XXXVIII
TI?(0'
Hochst.
Gold gulden.
Cappe 607.)
(Saurma 2492.
* 7TI>0
,
X>IgC
1
* SIT *
18
1501
48.
Eiehl.
Gold gulden.
Cappe 1072.
Keiinmann 313.)
* X}I>X" *
(Joseph 48.
* 7TI>0
*
ftV *
COCO * SSSVIII
T330O'
TtK^*
COX'O mC KT
Moneta
Bilensis.
/.
e.
oniensis,
49.
Riehl.
Groschen.
(Saurma 2714.)
COH
SUO
3?I
on the reverse.
Bachaeach.
Gold gulden.
Joseph 32.)
(Saurma 2421.
Farina 2476.
Obv.
The
and Cologne in
trefoil fashion.
tipo
Di>r
.
mccccxxxvm
1
iiVr.
G'
;'
Quartered arms of Bavaria -Palatinate on long cross. *>VX B MO' B (i. e. Moneta Bacharacensis) B'
I*VX)Y'
jurisdiction
Issued by
He had
of
over mints at Amberg. Bacharach, Heidelberg, Manheim, Nabburg, Neuinarkt, Oppenheim, Yeldenz, and Wachenheim.
Of
these,
the little
town
Nabburg, north
of
Duke Henry
XAPPVEG.
II of Bavaria,
who
CIVI.
51.
Bachaeach.
Groschen.
*
(Saurma 2426.)
Obe. St. Peter seated.
7T
Rev.
52.
As obverse of Xo.
Gkoningen.
50.
XXQ'
Gros.
53.
GrRONINGEN.
GrOS.
g
DIXT
OGGG
XXXIX
There
is
1501
19
54.
Geoningen.
Gtos;
55.
Schonfoest.
Short cross.
8
Groschen.
(Farina 1630.)
Obv.
miXf^jSimO jSOO0I>VO
Rev.
8
QQOQ
^7YB
5H
8
8 s
Arms
g 8
of Julich
and Berg.
* (>Q^R3$D
OVS
XVXs
mOX> Z GO
Duke
of Jiilichand
Berg (1437-1475).
1443
Schoneoest. Groschen. Similar to preceding. 56. (Farina 1631. v. d. Chijs XXIX 13.)
:
57.
Bingen.
Groschen.
(Farina 3058.)
Issued by Theodoric I von Erbach.
58.
Bachaeach.
SUO
#1 *
on the reverse.
60.
Obv. Half-length figure of St. Peter holding a sceptre in his right * G hand and a key in his left. * 7T X)IV * GGG * XXiIXX *
arrangement.
death in 1456.
MOI?0'
X>OV7I
GOV0'
Issued by Jakob von Sierk (or Sirk) the Archbishop of Trier from 1439 until his
He was
paid his predecessor, Raban von Helmstadt, 100,000 gulden to secure the mitre.
20
1501
ffiO *
KT * on
the reverse
62.
Bachaeach.
Bixgex.
Groschen.
(Saurma 2427.
63.
Farina 2480.)
Groschen.
(Farina 3058.)
64.
Kolx.
Groschen.
Cappe 1106.)
(Saurma 2715.
65.
Coblextz.
Groschen.
(Saurma 2628.
Farina 2318.)
I7TKOB
GOGO
XX'IIII.
Rev.
ment.
Vide note
Hildesheim).
to
No. 60.
(?
Halberstadt or
66.
Schoxforst.
cross.
s
Groschen.
(Saurma 2981.
Farina 1632.)
Obv. Short
ffill^^Iffi
8
GGGO
JSGO0I>VO'
Rev. Quartered shield.
+ 0^7M?X)'
Duchy
of Julich
DVS
IVXi'
mOT?
GO
and Berg.
1445
67.
Riehl.
Groschen.
(Saurma 2716.)
UO
;SI
on the reverse.
Groschen.
Bacharach.
Groschen.
1501
21
cross -pattee.
7ERRO * DOMI
HIQQQ * GXXiV
Rev. Three shields in trefoil fashion; to the left the arms of the Bishop of Utrecht counterstamped with those of Baer; to the right those of Utrecht counterstamped with Lathem; below the evenly divided * I>OV7Y * 7IV^07t * B7I0S * arms of Utrecht -Moeurs.
MOI^TI
Mors (or Moeurs), a disputant for the Bishopric of Utrecht (1417-1456). It belonged to Johann W. Stephanik and was sold with his collection in December, 1904, realizing 90 florins (about $37.00). The piece was described in detail by Alfred Noss in the Blatter fur Miinzfreuncle, 1904. Baer is a fief situated between the towns of Arnheim and Doesburg, and belonged in the fifteenth century to the Counts of Moeurs.
This unique coin was issued by
cle
Walram
71.
Koln.
Groschen.
in-
Roman and
Gothic
Geaz. Vierer. Obv. Double eagle. * MONETA IN GREX 45 FRI D.GR IMPGRATOR Rev. Arms. The issues of the Holy Roman Empire under Frederick
72.
.
.
III
scribed at length by
Raimann
137).
from the thirteenth to the sixteenth cenThe latter term was applied turies, and had a value of four " Berner," hence its name. to diminutive silver coins which were imitations of the deniers of Verona, called in
a silver coin current
the Swiss
town
of a similar name.
Riehl.
Groschen.
Saurma 2717.)
(Cappe 1115.
Riehl.
Gold gulden.
(Cappe 1073.)
Obv. Half-length figure of St. Peter * 7t 8 DI>I mOOQa * KXiVI * Rev. Armorial shields of Trier, Mainz, and the Palatinate in trefoil.
mOI)[
IKXV7I
^IXi0
22
to 1501
Eiehl.
Groschen.
Saurma 2718.)
74.
(Cappe 1109.
Bingen.
Groschen.
(Farina 3058.)
77.
Bacharach.
Groschen.
"
(Farina 2480.)
7T
*
*
Rev.
As obverse
of No. 50.
DIff' MOI>['
CT*
GGGG
I>OV7I
*
KXiVII'
*
B7TG^'
Issued by
Ludwig IV
of the Palatinate.
1448
78.
Eiehl.
Groschen.
Cappe 1110.)
Similar to
No
74.
(Saurma 2719.
79.
Coblentz.
6.
Groschen.
*
(Bob!
Saurma 2629.)
7T
* X)I>' *
GG GG
XXi VIII *
i?gt\
Same
as No. 60.
80.
Bacharach.
Groschen.
81.
Bacharach.
Riehl.
Groschen.
(Farina 2480.)
82.
Groschen.
(Cappe 1111.)
1450
83.
Bonn.
Groschen.
* 7Y
s
(Cappe 1112.)
X)I>I
mGGGG * Xi.
*
Rev.
As No.
74,
mOT}$
I^OVTt
svx>x>0r>si3.
The archbishops
of
(1275-1297).
century bear the inscription signum ecclesiae Sancti Cassii Bunensis, in reference to the
to St. Cassius.
1501
23
Gros.
211)1)0
GGGG IIIII
X?OV7Y
GffODI^DJSIjS
Double and
enumerated.
etc.
in this year,
other issues of
1455
85.
(v. d.
Jager.
50, 51, 52.)
Similar to preceding,
86.
Kreuzer.
is
This coin
cited on the authorit}^ of Jenner, Die Milnzen der Schiveiz (p. 57).
a misprint for 1555, as the succeeding coin
dated 1559.
87.
Bolsward.
IV
:
Quarter escalin.
of
(v. d. Chijs
1.)
Frisia, in
town
of
West
eleventh century.
mint
as
early as
the
1456
88.
Bolsward.
IV:
2.)
Escalin or stuber.
(v. d. Chijs
o^o QQQQ
B - O - I - jS
o
in the angles.
711)1)0
OOffiX)
I VI *
*
'^Ciij
89.
Bolsward.
IV:
3.)
Half escalin.
OOffil 711)1)0 * mOT}01Hl s >[ 8
(v. d. Chijs
Obv.
Rev.
90.
(v.
As As
preceding. preceding.
I)
I)GG
GO
o
o
IVI,
SOIjSW^DI7t
24
1501
Achter.
o
(X. Z.
Obv.
Monogram.
+ 7TPPO OOmrpI
1457
I[i?IX)i?IGVjS. BOffi.
XM$&
92. 93.
Groxixgex.
Jager.
Escalin.
Bolsward.
:
IV 4.) Outer inscription: * jSIT X>Offie[X> DOffi!!?! Obv. Short cross. ^I^OIO' Inner inscription: * 7YPPO DO s mGGGO^VII IX)V7T :8OX'jSW0;R:OI7r 8 Rev. Double eagle. * mOI>0nP7I
(v. d. Chijs
o
% D a
94
Obv.
tion:
Ober - S achsex
Turnosgroschen
(Gotz 3667.)
The Landsberger arms, with cross in the centre. Outer inscripIfloDIc B7IGI7Y TVI?II>00 Iiftl) Inner inscription:
c
7OTNO
OGOG
of
H'VII
crest.
jRet;.
Thuringian
<>;SO;3;3V;S
M7I^GI
MIjSI>0;p,SIjS
The Margraviate
who
95.
Obv.
a lion.
* 0;SOjSjSVjS
o
OI
0^7TGI7T
A variety issued
(163, 14).
for 5
first
The
and
T respectively.
any coin of
of the oldest in a
European
y\ y
and
/\
are employed.
For
vide note to
1458
96.
Graz.
Achter.
IH GI^X. 58. Arms. MON^TS ;OM7T. IIVU^B * Rev. Double eagle. V^X O' An Imperial issue by the Emperor Frederick III. Vide Xos. 72
Obv.
&
and
91.
Graz. Pfennig. (X. Z. XXI: 462: XLII 186.) Obv. JBXiZ in trefoil arrangement; in the upper angles, Rev. Blank.
97.
:
o\
8.
as " Schinderlinge."
to 1501
25
(N. Z.
99.
oi
9.
Jager.
(v. d. Chijs
XIX
22.)
Long
1460
100.
(v. d.
Double Jager.
Similar to preceding.
The date
reads:
7fIK>
XXRI' * 1*000
XiK
Obv. 6
letters
JRev.
0.
i?
and
all
arranged in
trefoil fashion;
below, the
T W.
Blank.
T
letters
The
1461
102
Groningen
X:
5b.~)
Jager
(v. d. Chijs
oaaa
The date
reads:
exi
1462
Grontngen.
XI: 56.)
Jager.
(v. d. Chijs
Long
104.
1463
Groningen. Jager. (v. d. Chijs XI 57, 58.) Long cross on obverse, otherwise similar to No.
:
7T
DI)!' m
Long
GOG C0GXI II
Quarter escalin.
7^I>0
37.
The date
reads:
105.
Nimegue.
7.)
(v. d. Chijs I:
Obv.
cross.
{sic)
town
The name
is
Nimmhegen,
etc.
26
1501
Geaz.
Vierer.
size.
(Pichler 31.)
Groschen.
this year
and
Theodoric II died
of Ruprecht's coins
in February, 1463,
and
in the following
month Ruprecht
None
1464
108.
Bolswaed.
Half escalin.
711)1)0
Obv.
Rev.
As No. As No.
88. 88.
71
X)VG^
^STTK:
rnVB
Xi
iUTZ^On
o
o o
flRIJS. 65.
c
X)
DYS
jSTYX
WVR
Issued by the Elector Ernest of Saxony, jointly with his brother Albrecht and his
uncle Wilhelm.
varieties
of
110.
Groningen.
XI:
Jager.
(v. d. Chijs
59, 60.)
Long
1466
Deventer.
XVII:
*
Double
11, 12.)
gros.
(v. d. Chijs
aOjjSIjS
Outer inscription:
O^O
Inner inscription:
711)1)0
XXQI'
0J}
* ST20I)-
1501
27
Struck at Deventer by David de Bourgogne, who was the Bishop of Utrecht from 1455 to 1496. Deventer obtained the right of seigniorage from the Emperor Henry
III in the year 1046.
113.
(v. d.
Deventer.
ChijsXVII:
Gtos.
13.)
QQ GGXiKVI
Rev.
114.
7tI>I)G
SDXXSXiQ JSIO
As
preceding.
1*01^71 I)OV7Y
sou.
D^V^^I^
Deventer.
XII: 17.)
cross.
Demi
(v. d. Chijs
Obv.
Long
7TI?X?0
moi?0'
X)OV7T
D0
115.
Deventer.
XIII: 1.)
Quarter sou.
(v. d. Chijs
Similar to preceding but has a short cross on the obverse, not dividing the inscription.
116.
Gottingen.
Kortling.
(Saurma 3907.)
117.
Hessen. Grroschen. Obv. Quartered arms of Hessen, Ziegenhain, Nidda, and Hessen.
o
Xs
x>
Miyrc^ftvivjs
;r7T;sjsi0
66 *
Three crests; the upper one that of Hessen and below those DOMIT' o D0 o aY0H)If o 0HH of Ziegenhain and Nidda. o X}Y
Rev
djoBo
Issued by
1471.
Ludwig
II,
Landgrave
of Hessen.
He was
Upon
Henry III in 1458, Ludwig Ziegenhain, but he was compelled to restore the
1467
118.
Hessen.
Groschen.
Saurma 2238.)
shield,
(Hoffmeister 132.
<>
varieties.
28
1501
Hessen.
Groschen.
:
(Hoffmeister 109.)
Obv.
Same design
as No. 117.
4-
<s>
Xi
GOMIT'
o
>[
GV[HI?
6A
ifcw.
Same
o
design as No.
117.
+ IfX)
EftNWGBVIVjS
IRTrjSjSI
120.
Sachsen.
Horngroschen.
etc.)
(Saurma 4391.
121.
122.
Gotz 3835,
Gottingen.
Kortling.
37.
TTIffiO
123.
X)I?I'
fiB
GGGG
The date
reads:
JjXVII
Graz.
Groschen.
(Saurma 718.)
Double
eagle.
H^I
124.
^XO
TZV^rj}^
&*
SO
Iflfce
7I0IOV
sentence of the
seals,
aeiov are supposed to have been the initials of a motto or favorite Emperor Frederick III (1440-1493), and he frequently employed them and historical monuments.
his
Kohler in
ings,
many
of
absurdities.
Schmid
in the Clavis
Numismatica (II
8)
is
in favor of
or
Auf Erden ist Oesterreich Unsterblich, Aller Ehren ist Oesterreich voll,
as being the simplest
and adds that in a day-book or diary kept by the Emperor he had written
Austriae est imperare Orbi universo,
and
in another place,
Alles Erdreich
ist
Oesterreich TJnterthan.
as
contemporary explanations.
1501
29
125.
Hessen.
Groschen.
Saurma 2276.)
(HoiTmeister 113.
Obv.
Helmet
of the
of
4(9o^ ff GOMOT' >( o GV0[H Ft o 68. Thnringia. 25' X) Rev. Helmet over armorial shield of Ziegenhain. Xi7ZWI}<2>'#KVl'V $ FtTv>& Issued by the Landgrave Henry III (1458-1483), nicknamed " The Rich."
note to No. 117.
Vide
:.n'
Obv. St.
Martin on horseback.
68
jS7fflannVjS
MT^TOHVjS
0ijsao; v;s
Rev. The emblematic wheel of the city upon a floriated cross. 023OjSjSVjS o HOVVjS c [SE[gOi?X)0HjSIjS o
money during
with a date.
128.
Kreuzer.
129.
(v. d. Chijs
XIX
23.)
130.
De venter.
XVII:
Double
14.)
gros.
(v. d. Chijs
469
Similar to No. 114.
131.
Deventer.
XVII:
Double
15.)
gros.
(v. d. Chijs
30
1501
IX}
1$
. . .
7tl>0
X)
^omTERO
I^^0^7T
1470
Geaz. Double Groschen. Obv. Five armorial shields under a crown. I^OjSjSVjS B0G ffDO JXAO In the field: 71 pCO V' Rev. Double eagle. * flffl b ; 7 ^Offig^O^Y^
134.
X A"
"
II}
'
I^^0^
135.
(N. Z.
Wienee
Obv. Cross.
ifcw.
MOI>
eagle.
Double
made
(sic)
In this insignificant town a mint was established as early as the year 1228.
reference
is
and
in 1307, 1354,
mentioned by name.
136.
(v. d.
Deventee.
ChijsXVII:
Double
16.)
gros.
137.
Geoningen.
XI:
61.)
Jager.
(v. d. Chijs
maaa a * irxx
138.
(v. d. Chijs
TETffiO
DOMII?
Geonixgen.
XI:
62.)
Jager.
goo a ifHxi.
s
7T;QI}0
OOmil?
,
139.
Geaz.
Double Groschen.
(Saurma 719.)
7I0IOV.
KOjSjSVjS.
H)
<^0G
^gr
JJXtO *Al
X)
G XA #OmpXlO$CVm I^^0
to 1501
31
140.
(N. Z.
Wiener Neustadt.
XXI:
464.
Kreuzer.
gros.
Saurma 645.)
141.
Deventer.
XVII:
Double
17, 18.)
(v. d. Chijs
142.
Duren.
Groschen.
(Saurma 2980.)
Outer inscription:
I2OI>0nn
c
I>OV0
TLTt
Inner inscription: mop^T DV;B0I?jSIjS. Rev. Figure of the Duke. <&QKK^ IVIfI7ra0I?JSIjS o Issued by Gerhard VI, Duke of Jlilich-Berg from 1437 to 1475. Vide Nos. and 66. A mint was erected at this town by Duke Wilhelm I (1356-1361).
MGGOa XiXXI.
OVS
55
1472
143.
Vide
Deventer.
XVII:
note to No. 114.
Double
19, 20.)
gros.
(v. d. Chijs
144.
(N. Z.
Wiener Neustadt.
XXI:
Graz.
464.)
Kreuzer.
145.
Half Groschen.
flROI}01i7r
eagle.
(Saurma 720.)
IX}
G^00
X)0
o
A2
* 'BftXD
BOft7I
84.
im^0^7T.
147.
Bolsward.
IV:
5.)
Escalin.
(v. d. Chijs
148.
Brabant.
Double briquet or
8
Obv.
Arms.
jSTEDVV
flTTG
^^Xsm
g
TW
<3^7t
X)X>M
*A2 *
s
KTi'BOXi'V^
Duke
of
X)(I
OVS BV^6
g
GO
Issued by Charles
verse inscription
is
le
Temeraire,
The
ob-
149.
Leeuwarden.
V:
1.)
Gros.
g
(v. d. Chijs
Obv.
JS^v.
Long
cross.
TERQO
DOmiX> m
shield.
GGGG
IfSXII
g
* n^OI>0^7T
I}OV7T
32
to 1501
Leeuwarden.
V:
3.)
Gros.
Similar to preceding.
(v. d. Chijs
151.
Groningen.
Jager.
25.)
(v. d. Chijs
iixxra.
152.
DOMII) ml
0000
Deyenter.
Double
gros.
22.)
(v. d. Chijs
1474
153.
Utrecht.
Double
6.)
gros.
(v. d. Chijs
XXIX:
Outer inscription: * ROI>[T7I Obv. Quartered shield of arms. I>OV7t o 0IJS c W;S7n:[aT[:QjS. Inner inscription: 7TI>I}0 X)X}I
SU
c
OOOO
XiKKXXJX
Rev. Short cross, surrounded by thirteen fleurs-de-lis in small cir[' ^O X)I>0 DftVXO Inner inscription: cles.
m^m
154.
Bolsward.
IV:
6.)
Escalin.
(v. d. Chijs
155.
Brabant. Double briquet. Chijs XVII 7.) (v. Quartered shield of arms. Obv.
cl.
:
jSTCDW
^710
^^Xsm TVV
8
8
X)I>[
71
1XAX
B^7T
Rev.
8
Two
8
lions sejant, a
8
crown between.
K7T^OIi
D0I 0^7T
8
DX 80
8
Xil
Vide note
to
No. 148.
4989),
is
described a mule
(Munich
Cabinet) with the reverse of the briquet of Maria, daughter of Charles the Bold, but dated 1474. Next to Jeanne d'Arc, Maria, Duchess of Burgundy, is probably the
best
known
She was born at Brussels, Feb1477 married the Archduke, afterward Emperor, Maximilian.
Groningen. Jager. 65.) (v. d. Chijs XI Similar to No. 84, with the year: 7TI>I>0
:
DOMTR' 120000
ESXHH
1501
33
East Frisia.
Half stuber.
*
(Saurma 3301.)
Ob v. Cross with
D7T
^7TG0
HI
ill
OI0B
I>r
74.
*
I,
Count
Gueldres.
XII:
11.
Briquet.
Farina 1739.)
(v. d. Chijs
B^I^OIG
;R0;i30:o;OT7OTI
TV^
g
X A X
><
i?<?^.
A lion
X)(I
a
BTIJ?-
OXiVjS
<M?7T
le
DVS BY^G
a
[;0
Issued by Charles
Temeraire,
Duke
of Gueldres
from 1473
to 1477.
The Duchy had a number of mint towns, among them being Arnheim, Roermund, Nimegue (Nimmhegen), St. Andre (Straeten), Zutphen, etc.
159.
Gueldres.
XII: 12.)
Demi-briquet,
4-
(v. d. Chijs
S^I^DIG
CM:
7II7T
a
m$K
<^7I
g
X)X?0
g s
X>I
OVS
IX AX :8V;B0
00Xi
The obverse
160.
from Psalms
1, 2.
Gueldres.
XII
:
Briquet.
(v. d. Chijs
6.)
Obv.
As No.
g
155.
g
0^7t
DVS
BV^
K7t^OXi
X)0I
G^rcO
1475
161.
Gueldres.
Sachsen.
Briquet.
Similar to preceding.
(Farina 1741.)
162.
Groschen.
etc.)
4-
(Saurma 4394.
Gotz 3856,
0;?OjSjSVjS.
IK>VVjS.
mn^^XWV^. A5
4- 0. W. 7t. O. 0. DVG03 JS7IX. TV. Xi7T. mftBCTttjS Rev. Arms. (i. e. Ernestus Wilhelmus Albertus Dei Gratia Duces Saxoniae Thitringiae Langravii Marchiones Misniae) There are a large number of varieties some have an error I^OVOjS and some of these and of the following years also bear the name of Margarethe.
;
163.
(v. d.
Jager.
34
to 1501
Bolswaed.
:
Escalin.
1.)
(v. d. Chijs
mOGOG IiSSV
8
in the centre,
7CR;QO
OOJKCQ
mOI^TO
I>OV7Y
BO^W^t^iy.
Double briquet.
:
6, 8.)
166.
Groschen or albus.
Farina 1528, 1530.)
(Saurma 2932.
Di>r
m GGGG I-SSV
o
7II^QO
* IOIfjS
DYS
QXiXV
GO m7TBK
o
(1448-1481).
167.
East Feisia.
Half stuber.
1476
(Knyphausen 6336.)
168.
Gueldees.
XII: 7:
Double briquet.
(v. d. Chijs
XXIX:
Sou.
11.)
slightly.
Niieegue.
:
(v. d. Chijs 1
8.)
Obv.
Long
cross.
7II>I>0
moUGjlHZ
I^OV7T
I?OV7IflOT-
170.
Bolswaed.
IV:
7.)
Escalin.
(v. d. Chijs
171.
Geoningex.
XII: 67.)
Jager.
(v. d. Chijs
In the double jager of the same date there are varieties with
and -JJ-O-I).
172.
Deyextee.
XII
:
Demi
Double
23.)
sou.
(v. d. Chijs
18.)
173.
Utrecht.
XVIII:
gros.
(v. d. Chijs
174.
(v. d.
Double briquet.
:
7.)
Struck at Antwerp.
date.
1501
35
Liege.
Double briquet.
House
of
jS7IXiW
~HJiQ
^O'
TW
fleurs*
X>I?
XiXXVI.
Rev. Lions sejant, a crown above. In the exergue three small * BVXi\ flowers. * XiVOO' * D0 * BO^B' * (' * Xi^OD' * The obverse is an abbreviation of Issued by Louis de Bourbon (1456-1482). Salvum fac populum tuum domine, and is copied from the Book of Psalms (XXVII:
OVS
12).
lettering.
Obv.
IOV
JE^IX)
between.
* 7YITOO Rev.
(sic)
oOO-l]IoIoIoXolo6o
Long
IlVffi
IM^
ISIO
1477
177.
(v. d.
Jager.
69.)
aQQQXi
XXVII
7^1)0
DI?I m
8
There are issues for Leipzig and Zwickau and half groschen of The issues for Leipzig have as mint-marks a cross, and those for
Zwickau
.Pfc
'.". K
-;-'
*
1<S-
179.
Thaler.
(v. Mieris 1
140.)
and Burgundy, surrounded by the chain of the Golden Fleece; the archducal crown above, separating the date. AA M7TXI9 g Z g M7t^I7t g X)pC s ^TT g OVX g Z g IX DVOIjSjS' g 7IVjSrTBI0 b 8' slrOW' g BB' s Z Obv.
Arms
><
of Austria
36
1501
Rev. Under a Gothic canopy the Virgin Mary holding the infant Saviour St. Andrew and St. Sebastian at the sides; (small double eagle) 8 0$ CT* TOT7T 8 ^VriG^7T 8 [jS 8 TvMI G7I 8 TtQVXiTZ 8
;
m$K
noh ^n\ in
8 8
rr<3
The oldest of all the dated Thaler. Burgundy took place in this year.
180.
(N. Z.
The marriage
of the
of
Gt6rz.
Kreuzer.
187.)
XLII:
77.
Rev.
Arms on
shield.
Ir^OI}!}.
QOm. GO^IGI.
This appears to be the only
coin of the fifteenth century bearing a date struck by this Austrian town.
181.
Double briquet.
(v. d. Chijs
2.)
shield.
jS7DjW
57tG
^XiO*'
$
WW
s
X>I>[
JX77*.
Rev. Lions sejant, crown above.
There are a large number
one with
* n37I;?I7I
X)VGIjSjS7T
B'
of varieties
(There
is
CCSClBIS
X)(l
etc.,
182.
Utrecht.
:
Double
gros.
raGGGGXiXXVII
Rev. Short cross;
thirteen fleurs-de-lis
circle.
X)7IVID
sin-
m0m0TO
gles of the
>!>(
There are
same
date.
The
coin
is
183.
JjSSYH.
Rev.
Sneek. Escalin. (v. d. Chijs XXII 1.) Obv. Long cross with J3 in centre.
:
7TI)I>0
DOSIUCQ ffiGGGG
8
Arms on
shield.
* OiOXi&lXR
I?OV7T
jSI}0;30I7;3IjS.
town
1501
37
Bolsward.
IV
:
Escalin.
(v. d. Chijs
9.)
Obv.
If /
Long
cross with
B in the centre.
TLTlTlO
>I}1 m / GGGG
8
XXVIII
Rev. Double eagle.
185.
^01^71
IK>V7T
303jJSW^X)tR
Double briquet.
XVII: 2; XVIII: 3, 4.) Similar to No. 181. There are briquets of the same date. Varieties occur, struck for Zeeland and Limburg, with Obv. * B0I>0OIG 8 I?3;33DIT7OTI 8 TVel K 1&A8 JKev. * OCT^I^ >p[ 8 8 DVGIjSjS 8 B<3 8 S^THS 8 Z 8 Xil.
(v. d. Chijs
The
in orna-
mental border.
Vii#
J Litis**
186.
Utrecht.
:
Double gros.
XVIII 26, 27.) Similar to No. 182. The single gros occurs with the same date.
(v. d. Chijs
187.
Utrecht.
Stuyver.
angles.
(v. d. Chijs
VIII.
188.
Obv.
2EQI?0
8
TCGGG GXiXX
Hn^7TI0Gnn^I}iSIiS
8
Rev.
* GIVOT7TJS
(v. d. Chijs
XV
XVI
16.)
Obv. Short ornamented cross. * :8tR[X)IG * etc., as No. 185. Rev. Lion sejant holding shield. * mTi^TK % OVaijSjSft t
30
GOtflOT
SO
;
there
is
a gros of the
same
date.
Holland as a County or Earldom was productive of coins as far back as the twelfth century, and retained the privilege of seigniorage until about the middle of the sixteenth.
same
date.
38
1501
Liege.
Double briquet.
191.
Wiener Neustadt.
Gtraz.
Half groschen.
192. 123.
193.
Sweden.
HOI>0nP7T
^^OG^
The
:
><
JXA8
Rev. Bust.
The
earliest
8
jSGjS
0BIGV3 B^XX
s
half
oertug occurs with the same date written only as A8, and also with a large crown on
the obverse and a letter S on the reverse.
Vide Numismatiska Moddelanden, (1 19). This was a national coinage and not a local or municipal one as the obverse inof the coin
is
would appear to indicate. The name word, eyrir, meaning a weight, and Latinized ova
scription
or hora.
191.
Gueldres.
:
Briquet.
flowers in the angles.
(v. d. Chijs
Obv.
7TI>I>0
X)T}1
1 SIl i
GQQQ
00Xi
XiXXVIII
*
K7T^OXi
DVS
IVIi
ZGO
ZV
:m
Briquet,
cross.
BP'DIG
><
^0B0t>OT7TTO
*
TV0
><
Rev.
X)'I[I>'
Rampant
ST20
* frs>I *
Xi^O-
VJiCWTi
* J?7TiSJS[X:T
Hasselt in Brabant, near Lille, was a town under the jurisdiction of the Bishops
of Liege,
of the
same name
in Overyssel.
In
1411 John of Bavaria confirmed the ancient privileges ample was followed by his successors.
of the mint-masters,
and
his ex-
De
exists.
Chestret gives a variety dated 1476, but does not state where such a specimen
to 1501
39
1479
w
/,
-
with the inscription: e M7T0N7TNIM9 7TBO^I TTVJST^I^... ^BV^GVIID i?6T. Bust of Marie cle Bourgogne with large steeple-crowned hood, separating 0VK TIjS. ZO with the inscription: * M7I^I7Y K7T^J4
J
below)
TI3.
.
Emperor Maximilian
I,
9 (79
below)
OVS
;
varieties.
197.
Tyeol.
Reimmann 4284.) Obv. Bust of Marie de Bourgogne, separating ^TOT 13" ZO and underneath the bust, the date J 479. Inscription same as reverse of No. 196. Rev. Laureated bust of the Emperor, separating (^77 TIS \9 Inscription same as obverse of No. 196.
(v. Mieris I:
'
'
'
'
by Gian. Marco Cavalli. and although dated 1479 was in reality struck at Hall in Tyrol in 1506, and was engraved after a medal by Jean de Candida. The half thaler (Madai 6694) of the same date reads GH?OXX
This thaler
is
40
1501
Deventee.
Double
gros.
(v. d. Chijs
Obv. Floriated cross cutting the date and charged with the shield
of Deventer.
7ER;RO
oo
Rev.
The
shields of Deventer,
a triangle with
ingen.
T*OI>0
in
Struck at Deventer but issued by the three towns, Deventer, Campen, and Gron-
199.
Deventee.
XII; 19.)
Demi
sou.
(v. d. Chijs
200.
Holland.
Briquet.
(v. d. Chijs
XV
1;
XVI:
201.
Uteecht.
XVIII
:
Double
28.)
gros.
(v. d. Chijs
There
202.
is
same
date.
albus or half groschen. Obv. Cross, bearing in a heart the shield of Gueldres.
Zutphen.
Ti
Demi
m*
ao aa*
xxix.
TLTf D'
Rev. Shield with the lion of Schwarzbourg, underneath the small inclined shield of Zutphen. * ffiOI>^' * IK>V7i: 3VT;I?7ER(
><
Briquet.
Wienee Neustadt.
Half groschen.
Beabant and Flandees. 205. There are briquets of the same date.
206.
to
No. 181.
Cleve.
Double groschen.
Saurma 2928.)
166, with 7TI>X?0
166.
(Farina 1531.
Obv.
As No.
As No.
DOMI'
OOOO
XiXXIX
Rev.
*
ICXRjS'
OVX
OXiXV$Q&
0T
GO'
M7MSK'
1501
41
Cleve. Groschen. Obv. As No. 166. 711)1)0 Ifcw. As No. 166. ICXRjS'
207.
OYS GIilV
GO'
m^Tt
From
Acquired by Dr. Jur. Theodor Kirsch of Dusseldorf, and sold with his collection on April 15, 1912 (No. 1096). In February, 1905, there were discovered during excavations in the Marktstrasse at Erfurt, about 6000 groschen, as well as many other coins of the fifteenth century.
208.
Liege.
Double briquet.
1480
209.
(v. d.
There
210.
demi albus
Brabant.
XVIII:
Double briquet.
5.)
(v. d. Chijs
Struck at Antwerp.
The
date.
211.
Flanders.
Double briquet.
I
%
The designs
t
(v. d. Chijs
XV
3, 4.)
57tG
&&XiSU
I
TW
I
S X>I>[
480.
X)VGIjSjS7t
B@
GOROT
t flXi.
Gtueldres.
:
Gros.
date, a lion in each angle.
(v. d. Chijs
OI)I
Obv.
4-
GGGG
711)1)0
4-
IrXXX
OVX
+
;
Rev. Divided shield with the lions of Gtueldres and Juliers 3V. 1 00Xi S XVXi neath a star. * KTESOIr I
under-
JZGOJ
213.
Gottingen.
Sachsen.
Kortling.
214. 215.
Groschen.
Mors.
Groschen.
7EQO
OI
HI
GGGG MSX.
Outer
circle of shields.
Rev. Quartered shield of Mors-Saarwerden, a star above. Outer Inner inscription: inscription: * ffiOI)[^7t * DOYTT * ffiO[:QjS * vii)G * go * moetgjs * ^nn * ^tt o
<,
42
to 1501
a
*
mint early in the fifteenth century, as the archives mention " Moersche Wispenninge
in 1420.
216.
Hollaxd.
XII: 4;
Briquet.
(v. d. Chijs
XVI:
18.)
217.
Hasselt.
Briquet.
218.
Campen.
Sou.
14.)
(v. d. Chijs
XV:
2CQ OI
*
mOOOG
1XSX
IIOH0
Gaez.
Schilling.
Obv.
Long
= ^P^THO = V7I07Y
= BC0 80
Rev. Griffin.
4-
BVGjSJjTTVjS
Duke
of
X)
(s>
DVS 3T0nni
cross.
Issued by Bogislaus X,
Pommerania (1474-1523).
220.
Ohr.
80.
SHOT). I)OY.
IVJ&RB.
221.
*
1201)
*
POY JSTI
7Y0IOV
80
Rev.
Crowned double
Sweden.
eagle.
VB * ID * BO * IM
III.
222.
(Oldenburg 201.) Oertug. Similar to No. 193, reading: mOI>0^7T s jSTOCOR s 80. The half oertug occnrs with the same date, but of the type with crown and
1481
S.
223.
Kreuzer.
*
Obv.
mor>T
POV7Y * TV&H}&
iE^XO
1
* 81. *
'BO'
1501
43
Brandenburg.
HOI^TTI
8
I>OV7T
HTT^G^I SIOTIXO
(ICXRTEP
It
o
8J
Rev. Eagle.
X)
H^rBO^I
B^7CT>D0BVi?
was issued by Johann, vice-regent or " Stadtholdher " under Albert Achilles (1470-1489), and was discovered by the Rev. Frlihbufs in 1850 in a
Probably unique.
" find
"near Griineberg.
It
was first described by J. F. Weidhas, in his treatise Die Brandenburger Denare, 1855, and he traced it to the cabinet of Chevalier Kohne in Petersburg.
225.
Brabant.
Double briquet.
Struck at Antwerp.
There
is
also a
226.
Liege.
Double briquet.
shield over floriated cross.
Obv. Armorial
-go' +
+ jSTDjW
1
+ 57iG +
1
nnvvm
+ x)x>M +
issxi.
*
XiVDO
D0 * 60B6
['
227.
Holland.
(v. d. Chijs
XV:
5,
The reverse
228.
reads: *
mft^Ift
OVGIJSJSTT
B * aOOIOT
I?0.
Deventer.
XII:
gros, sou,
(v. d. Chijs
The demi
229. 230.
same
year.
Wiener Neustadt.
Hasselt.
Briquet.
Kreuzer.
Long cross, in the angles I [ V . 7YI>I>0 aaaaii sxsi. Rev. Arms. * <$0O * WJSOSi * aTL&WRT) * I0V.
Obv.
Oertchen.
DI>I
44
mint-town
of
this coin
Wimken
1482
Ob v. Bisected
4o
shield
o
with
lion
=
0^O3^V3 NOVVJS
c
OYOVffi
arms
82.
of
Landsberg.
JS7EX;
o
4-
71
X)
(d
OVGjS
tv
r-7r
m-Kiz
mijs
There
is
a Spitzgroschen of the
3899) and
233.
a mule, a
Muhlheim.
Groschen.
(Farina 1639.
Saurma 2986.)
Outer inscription:
* MOI}[T7r(
*
IK>V7T(
Inner inscription: * 2EQ' ffi * GGGG ifer. Half length figure of the Duke over IVIi * Z * MOP WIXtKOj' *
MOIrl^M.
IiSXSXt
quartered
shield:
DVS
'
Struck at Muhlheim, one of the mint towns of the united Duchies of Julich and
Berg, by Wilhelm
Sometimes called Hubertusgroschen, the figure on the reverse being identified with St. Hubertus, the patron saint of huntsmen. Gerhard VI of Jiilich-Berg was also the founder of the Order of St. Hubertus. There are varieties counterstamped 1} (? Hildesheim or Halberstadt).
234.
IV (1475-1511).
Liege.
Double briquet.
235.
Cleve.
Double groschen.
of the
same date
some
236.
Haxxovee.
B^'DIG^
MOI>0^7T
I>OV7I
IKXROV^^I?-
CI3 *
Reimmann, No. 6704, describes (Madai 2249.) J48Z.
a cast thaler Avith similar inscriptions, and dated
1501
45
Merle
6.)
Outer inscription: jSOT * I>om[I> * DORlX>I * * QQQQ * Xi'KKKXZ. B0I)0X)IGnnvm. Inner inscription: + 7I> * Rev. Arms of Tours over the quartered shield of Cologne -Hessen. Outer inscription: * Tt^mi^X}X}I. 71^0^10^1. aOHOI?ItQ r Inner inscription: * TV^OI?' TViai)'.
Obv. Short cross.
Issued by
Hermann IV
of this
of Hessen,
The
old
name
and the
The coinage
Kreuzer.
239.
Wiener Neustadt.
Holland.
Kreuzer.
(Saurma 646.)
240.
(v. d. Chijs
XV:
7,
241.
(v. d.
Briquet.
7, 8, 9,
10.)
is
a rare stuy
8JU\\JI^tO
PJ/XBGfOT
Be Munten
242
Groningen
Jager
243.
Utrecht.
XVIII
:
Double briquet.
29, 30.)
(v. d. Chijs
* ffi[M(I}TO
DOMII^ DTYVXO
o
\R&2
mOTl^H
I>OV7i
$81 W^-KI^O
o
46
1501
Utrecht.
Double briquet.
fleurs-de-lis in the angles.
ffiOI>'
(v. d. Chijs
Obv.
1)0
V7T
,
^(d^JjS^B^
D0
GIjIVI^
>(
mTIBKTI
1485).
1483
245.
(v. d.
Double briquet.
11.)
Obv.
Arms
o
* STTXiW
*
57TG
7T^
^^Xsm
WW
OP7I
c
71
JX83.
mOT>
OY
TTVjSTlBI^
B^7iB7YX>GI0.
Issued by Maximilian during the minority of Philip the Good, and struck at Ant-
werp.
of the
same
date.
246.
(v. d.
briquet.
247.
Utrecht.
XVIII
:
Double briquet.
82.)
(v. d. Chijs
Issued by Jean de
la
1482
to 1481.
249.
East Frisia
Stuber.
(
(Knyphausen 6333-34.)
Obv.
IX)
DI0
Long
cross with
in the centre.
DTI
QH G0
X)I>I
S'l)*?' 83.
Rev.
GO'
G(I>I>0
Issued by
Enno
I,
Count
of East Frisia
(1466-91).
There are
1501
47
Stolberg.
Grroschen.
shield of Wernigerode.
Obv.
o
Helmeted diagonal
r^OjS
EKXRT
3RtPI>-
W0i?.I>I00ifOX)l 83 Rev. Armorial shield of Stolberg with stag. BIGI II) o JSTOXiS[i?0
o
o
XX}
0^7TVG
of Stolberg,
and described
251.
Wiener Netjstadt.
Graz.
Kreuzer.
Kreuzer.
252.
253.
Muhlheim.
Grroschen.
(Farina 1640.
Saurma 2987.)
varieties.
1484
254.
Muhlheim.
Liege.
Grroschen.
(Farina 1641.
Saurma 2988.)
255.
Briquet.
mented
cross.
711)0
La Marck and Virnenbourg on an ornaDOI)I XiXXX IIII. * WIXiI? D MTtQI? M7YB Ij^OD'
8
who espoused
the
bri-
Marck, a claimant
to the Bishopric.
257.
Liege.
Double briquet.
Obv. Shield of de
cross
of
leaves.
* jSTOjW Rev.
rosettes.
flAG
Two
*
X)I)3 * IjSSSX lions sejant, facing; in the exergue three small flowers or
*
*
1 1
0'
rrWM
Issued by Jean
48
to 1501
Liege.
Demi
briquet.
Two
armorial shields of de
Horn
reclining.
IOI.!r^
0Xi0
nobis.
The obverse
259.
inscription
is
et
pro
Cleye.
(Farina 1536.
Issued by Johann
Duke
of Cleve
Archduke on horseback
to right
beneath J 484
around thir-
teen shields in a circle. Rev. Half-length bust, crowned, and holding a spear and sword.
*
I0IMVI>:OV;S
name
261.
"
-K^oTtixyvx,
from
its
7TViSnn^I0
Dick Thaler
"
Tyrol.
Half Thaler.
Similar to preceding.
(Reimmann 4278.)
262.
Wiener Neustadt.
Graz.
Kreuzer.
Kreuzer.
263.
261.
Nimegue.
:
Demi
(v. d. Chijs 1
9.)
* 7II>I>0
*
X)X}1 *
12
GGGO
mOI^WTT
I?OV7T
1501
49
Holland.
ChijsXVII:
Briquet.
7.)
B^I>0DIG
7TI7T
m$K OVG
i8
:
in
border.
mo
Ti'BO'J^XOYO
TIVjOT
b<3
GO
IKXDXf.
1485
266.
(v.
cl.
Holland.
Chijs
Briquet.
11, 12, 13.)
XVIII:
Inscription as preceding.
Brabant.
Double briquet.
268.
Nimegue.
10.)
Demi
sou.
(v. d. Chijs I:
269.
270.
(v.
cl.
Liege.
Demi
briquet.
Groningen.
Stuyver.
Outer inscription * jSOT o I>OT20I> Obv. Shield over short cross. Inner inscription: TTmGGGGXiXXXV. DI>I o
S^I^OIOTV
o
G>
underneath.
* mox?(ru
ik>v ISODIG^QjS.
Obv. Short cross with <& in the centre, surrounded
A variety has:
ing.
This coin
is
by the date * TERDO X)OMII}I mOOOOXs'K'K'KV Rev. Double eagle over shield of Groningen; inscription as precedalso called a double patard
Groschen.
Vide Nos. 166 and 206.
Groschen.
2EQ'
o
X)
G GGG
Xi
SSSV.
II,
I}
* lO^jS'
OYS
Z GOM7IBK
Duke
of Cleve
Issued by Johann
(1481-1521).
50
to 1501
Franeker.
VI:
1.)
Stuyver.
cross.
(v. d. Chijs
Obv.
iZev.
Ornamented
West
* 7TI>r>0
X)1}1
GGGG
JX8V
Lion rampant.
This town of
century.
1486
Archduke on horseback to
right
beneath
I486;
around, fifteen
shields in a circle.
Rev. helmet.
arms and
JSIIjSMV;Q:OVjS
^G^XOVX
7rVjST:3I[
Frequently known as the Guldengroschen. The piece was struck under the superintendence of Bernhard Behaim, a goldsmith, who was made mint-master by the Arch-
duke
in
'.
482.
There are
varieties with
Styria.
Kreuzer.
Netjstadt.
Wiener
Graz.
XII:
Kreuzer.
Kreuzer.
.
Groningen
Stuyver
XIII: 77.)
(v. d. Chijs
75, 76;
Both
The
dates
7I'CT*G-
Lige.
Demi
patard.
jSI.
T\
IK>jS. 86
lOI^IjS' +
O0
1501
51
IX
The obverse
T
Romans (VIII
31).
As
this
and 1499, there are consequently a large number of varieties. On the obverses occur different forms of the cross and modifications of the inscription. The reverses have JjfOX)I * Xi{OX)X{\ etc.
in 1486, 1489, 1494,
?
and briquets
280.
Nimegue.
XXIII
:
Demi
7, 8.)
sou.
(v. d. Chijs
281.
(v. d.
Double briquet.
9,
10
XVIII
14.)
282.
Cleve.
reads:
Groschen.
03
s
The date
GG OO
86.
1487
283.
Groningen.
XIII: 78.)
Stuyver.
(v. d. Chijs
284.
Brabant. Double briquet. (v. d. Chijs XIX: 14.) Similar to No. 245, but dated JX8A.
Struck at Malines.
Brabant. Silver real, (v. d. Chijs XIX: 13.) Identical with the one for Gueldres (No. 288 infra) except that the obverse inscription is abbreviated and the reverse reads: D(JF TOBI i'w'bijs v o rrvnn o z raeDo' rroipar
285.
o o o
286.
Utrecht.
XVIII
:
Double
33.)
gros.
ffi(M(Pr
(v. d. Chijs
DTTVIX) JX87 X>I}Q Rev. Shield quartered with the arms of Utrecht and Burgundy.
mOI}(riW
287.
0^I^GO^I rr337H3OT0.
this date
Sous with
Gold real. v. d. Chijs XVII: 1.) (v. Mieris I: 189. Obv. Crowned shield with eagle, bearing the arms of the Holy Roman Empire and Burgundy. * ^0H0M0H^V^7IM * pF * B3jS;ia(
*
The Emperor
rial globe.
* JS[ *
* M7tK;iMIIjI7IHViS
*
O0I *
B^ ^OMTTHO^V
*
* i?(S:
7TV
52
1501
at Dordrecht.
was struck
There
is
R., 7).
288.
(v. d.
Silver real,
21.)
Obv.
*
Crowned bust
*
3
of the
sceptre and
imperial globe.
GVjSrTOt>I7OT
jStRW * jSW * JX8A (i. e. Custodiat creator omnium humilem servum suum) [May the Creator protect his humblest servant]. Rev. Monogram of the Emperor's name. X)0V< * TO8I* M7OT;i3IjS
289. 290.
Wiener Neustadt.
Holland.
XVIII:
22.)
Kreuzer.
Double briquet.
(v. d. Chijs
291.
292.
Graz.
Kreuzer.
5.)
Leeuwarden.
Gros.
(v. d. Chijs
* 7TI}IK>. X)OmiT}l. ffi. GGOO. 87. Rev. Lion rampant, holding a shield of five compartments. * ffiOI}Obv. Ornamental cross.
V: 6.) Obv Shield with double eagle on a long cross Inscription as No 292 Rev. Lion rampant on a shield. Inscription as No. 292.
.
.
294.
Eraneker.
VI:
Stuyver.
(v. d. Chijs
2, 3, 4.)
I0;QO
a^VaijS
37rXiV0mV^ JX8A
1488
295.
(v. d.
Demi
5, 6.)
noble d'or.
><
l^flO?M7TOIO
in a ship.
x
^OjST
*
0V0SSK
*
^TtX
QTiV
7T
488.
Rev.
MO'
1)0'
B0
7M?':OVa'
7TVjS'
BO'
><
B^'
GO'
I?OIi'
53
The
ken."
coin
is
is
296.
(v. d.
briquet.
Obv.
Rev.
As No. As No.
SI5I
TEQDV
E'o8o@OoB.
297.
briquet.
^^O^mi^nMO
o
V0^^0
*
><
^7TX
><
><
33^
*
J&88.
ifcw.
Quartered shield.
ffiO
I>OV7t
><
aOSIUTFIjS
IKXE0D7I'
Z( *
298.
Brabant.
Double briquet.
3.)
(v. d. Chijs
XXV:
The angel Michael holding the letter B appears. * ^^jS X)[I ifey. Ornamented cross with B x>0v TiDivrro ( ffi(V
Obv.
8
in his left
hand
8
a shield on
which
8
OVS
B^7YB'
J488.
IiyvOGTT
VI
8
There on a long
is
also a variety
cross,
8
OI^BVjS
From
QlXG^m
DOflfti;Q(
II}
the letter
B on
it is
the reverse
it
299.
(v. d.
Demi
:
noble d'or.
4.)
The Emperor standing in a ship. MO 7t^X>VG TtVJS' B' ' B^7T Z * XiIM.
Rev.
7
>< ><
><
I>0'
I?0'
J^Til
><
varieties.
300.
Brabant.
Double briquet.
21.)
(v. d. Chijs
XX:
mOI?^T7T
><
DVGIjS
><
BS^B7ri>GI0
DQim.
54
1501
Geoxixgex.
Florin d'or.
1201^0'
*
(v. d. Chijs
XIII: 80.)
between his feet. John the Baptist, the letter :eoi>r 3' 88. -k-v&M' Rev. The imperial globe, + ~B^<$D^1& * SOMTCRO^V
Obv. St.
IM^['
varieties.
Geoxixgex.
XIII
:
Liard or "oortje."
(v. d. Chijs
79.)
mQI>0 OOffll Obv. Shield on long cross. Rev. Double eagle over inclined shield. moI>[
303.
m
*
Feaxekee.
VI:
5.)
Stuyver.
(v. d. Chijs
Detextee. Florin d'or. Soothe 1485.) 2. (v. d. Chijs XI 0&0. St. Lebuinus seated on a bishop's chair, holding a banner in * MOHD I t>0 * D7IV ^1) his right hand and a book in his left.
304.
:
TlBIft 88
i?ei\
Inscription similar to
Xo. 301.
municipal coinage.
305.
Detextee.
Sou.
2.)
(v. d. Chijs
D-2T-V-0
*
in the angles.
7DQIX).
mOI>0T7T.
X>3. >7IV0iyT;Hi:ft.
Ornamented
o o
cross with
1
in the centre,
* 2ERI?0
o
DI}I
mOGOG
ifcw.
XiSSXVIII.
^VG^TI^D
X)
mm? K ^OHF
*
Ii0O.
Everard de la Marck assumed the titles of " Protector of the Church, the City, and the Country " in the years 1488 and 1489, during the reign of the regularly appointed Bishop, Jean IX de Horn.
307.
Liege.
Briquet,
cross with a wild boar above.
Obv.
Ornamented
{sic).
TLTtQO
DI}I'
0G0X'XK:X8
*
La Marck
family.
0V0XOT'
There
is
* X) *
WKliO
#i?orr
Xi^O'
a variety
1501
55
308.
(v. d.
Campen. Chijs IX
:
Double stuyver.
1, 2, 3
;
4, 5, 6.)
Obv.
XXRI
STKIG GG88.
The armorial
shield of
Campen on
a floriated cross.
7H}'
ifcy.
The armorial
and Zwolle
in triangular formation.
BOI}(
which
Groningen arranged
monetary convention,
at
it
was decided
to strike stuyvers
clrie
pennynge
fijn silvers
ende
men
sal
der up die marck troys albereitt snijden honclert ende vier en tachtig stucken."
reverses of these coins read either Q}I<Il> ( as above), MWOXf, or DJ[V| t and the initial letters of these towns occur in the space between the shields. The
The
309.
Campen.
Son.
15.)
(v. d. Chijs
XV:
7CRDO
of
X)T?1
mQQQQ
its
&8>.
Rev.
The
shield of the
town
Campen with
three towers.
310.
Flanders. Demi noble d'or. Similar to No. 295, but the reverse reads:
*
MO
gO'
SJ['
^1/ 7I^OVG
311.
7YVjS
B^7I
~ETs.
Nimegue.
Demi
sou.
312.
Gueldres. Double briquet. (v. d. Chijs XIV: 1.) Obv. Ornamented cross with S in the centre.
SBOI}
*
^^F[O^^U7^0XO
,
OVGIjS
0tEBI(
0F
313.
Cleye. Groschen. mOGOO SS X)I>I' Obv. As No. 166, with 70)1)0 Rev. As Nos. 166 and 206, with Q-Xr-I-V in the angles of the cross.
56
1501
Wesel.
Groschen.
315.
East Frisia.
Turnosgroschen.
(Knyphausen 6335.
Saurma 3300.)
7IG
88.
Rev.
shields.
V&X jSI0
OI'tRT7rif
Fide note to No. 249.
Oertug.
Similar to Nos. 193 and 222, but the date reads A88.
Up
was
and oftentimes
all of
317.
Gtaez.
Schilling.
1893, states that Bogislaus X, appointed Moriz Crusell mint-master in 1488, and that
these coins are probably by him.
Dukes Otto and Barnim obtained the privilege of coining pfennigs in Garz as The bracteates frequently bear a nettle, that being a feature early as the year 1340. The schillinge did not appear until the middle of the in the local armorial shield.
fifteenth century.
318.
Dettz.
Groschen.
(Saurma 2744.)
Obv.
The
ranged in cruciform fashion with a star in * nnVIGI0I>iS * J 488. Rev. Bust of St. Peter over arms of Cologne.
i. e.
Sermannus Archiepiscopus
319.
Coloniensis.
Sachsen.
Half groschen.
0I?OjSjSVjS. I)OVjS.
X).
(Saurma 4414.
Gotz 3954.)
OVG. m.
^T^'KO.
88.
Rev. Arms.
g.
7T.
III,
^.
320.
Styria.
Kreuzer.
8.
1501
57
322.
Muhlheim.
Groschen.
(Farina 1642.
Saurma 2990.)
I>OV7T
MVIj^ 0M
*
nOI>T
1
J489.
WII^^XiM
is
X)VX
XVJaTKQ'
The
supra.
z Mcxpwep
same year (Saurma 2993)
of the type of
No. 233
323.
Wesel.
Groschen.
(Saurma 2940.)
Obv.
![.*
i?t\
Long
71
SUO
X>0'
W037I
X)' J48?.
field.
Inscription similar
to
No. 272.
324.
Jeter.
Oertchen.
Saurma 3335.)
(Knyphausen 6741.
Garz.
Schilling.
(Saurma 4846.)
<OT
B0
326.
(cle
Obv. Shield of
S9.
Rugen on
4-
a long cross.
HOI>0
=
nH7T
o
X>0
V77
Rev. Griffin.
SVjSX:7rvjS
X)
DYS
jST^TII}
Liege.
.
Double briquet.
.
$$0&Xi Ornamented cross 7TI>X>0 'K'K'XXK DI>I Rev. Quartered arms of La Marck and d'Arenberg filling the entire
Obv
.
.
m
1
.
field.
* (v(;e7n3'
x>
varieties,
some
of
which have
327.
Kreuzer.
58
to 1501
Gbaz.
Kreuzer.
mo
OOOO
i?6T.
Bust
of the
of a
church
Gottingen.
Kortling.
331.
Beabant.
Real.
shield on a long cross.
(v. d. Chijs
XX
Obv.
c
Crowned
BOM7II>'
8
M^XIM'
XiYR ^0X
s
:
;7OT
89
^^'1 TiBOT}
7YVjST;I0
S VB(9l3I0 S^7TB7I
:
332.
Beabant.
Briquet,
5.)
(v. d. Chijs
Obv.
7IX>X>0
*
Rev. Arms.
333.
(96r.
^jS
6.)
X>[I
X)Om (MOT
II>I
89
><
OVX
BB7TB7IX>
><
Xs
Beabant.
XVIII:
*
Half
florin,
(v. d. Chijs
The date f
><
89
is
**
HOTXI-
miX'i7iX>
ifoy.
^Icil
7IIJGUXO
334.
(v. d. Chijs I:
11, 12.)
A demi
335.
Holland. Double briquet. (v. d. Chijs XIX: 87; XX: 38, 39, 11, 43.) Obv. Crowned shield on long cross. JIOTXIffil
c
c
XiXKX}
J$$X.
^OmTtDO 7OT
Rev.
1X89.
BVl^
^I
7K?GI>IX)VGI^
TIVjOTl^I^
Briquets and half briquets were issued in the same year; the inscriptions are
similar but the t} pe varies,
7
cross
on the obverse.
1501
59
Inscriptions as preceding, but the reverse has a figure of St. holding an armorial shield. The coin is sometimes called "
Andrew
An dries
Gulden."
Struck in Antwerp.
1490
337.
Gottingen.
Kortling.
(Knyphausen 5508.)
* QGQQ * Obv. Similar to No. 26, with date Rev. The letter on a cross. ffiOX?0 IK>V7I
XG
><
><
><
GOTOII)<3 *
Gold gulden. Obv. Quartered arms of Bavaria and the Palatinate on a long cross ' G ;' SC DYS the date *90 above. &FtTXiX
The Palatinate.
Rev. Christ seated, below the bisected arms of Mainz (a wheel) and the Palatinate (a lion) MOI)0' XiOVK TTVI^'
.
B0I^
In 1488 an
agreement was made between Mainz and the Palatinate by which the designs of the gold gulden were agreed upon, as follows:
" Nemlicli sollen die gulden uff ej-ner seyten ein schilt han des fursten, mit
andern s) ten ein Salvator uff eym vnd vnser beyder wappen vnden daran in eyn schilt mit einem rade und lewen."
des eysen die gemunczt werden,
und
vff der
stul
Gold gulden.
Obv. Quartered arms of Henneberg, with a wheel in the centre and the date f X90 above. setSTO XiD 7M? 0^10 M CKs>ViyTV
Rev. Christ upon a throne over bisected arms containing a lion and
awheel.
MOI^'
Cleve.
(IK>V7T)
7YVB0
^>0X>0I?
341.
Groschen.
shield of Cleve -Mark
*
(Farina 1537.)
X}o
axiivx? maa oa
><
Obv.
The armorial
on a long
*
cross.
T0
so.
IOI?JS
*
go
OYS
aXrlV^QjS
60
1501
342.
Wesel.
(Farina 1538.
ffiO'^O
W0JS7T XiI0
*
ffiG
QQ
*
-SO
*
(sip).
* ICXRjS'
OVX
G3jIV[I>JS'
GO'
M7TBK.
Sachsen.
343. 344.
Half groschen.
Kreuzer.
Grroschen.
* ffiOI)
I)OY
I^iriX)0iS0M
XXL
Rev. Half-length figure of St. Bernard with a cross and mitre.
*
7TG
B^BWTT^DV
* ; *
effigy
on the
error,
Patronus.
Cappe, in his introduction shows that the choice of this saint was an
in the year 1298,
when
new
seal
was ordered
for the
The patron saint of the city is Godehard, and he appears with his bishop's title S\ God Episc. in the earliest seal and archives. He further states that the last ap:
pearance of
St.
The
city obtained the right of striking coins early in the fourteenth century.
6.)
Obv. Quartered arms containing the lion of Frisia and a bell, surmounting a cross of lilies. moi)( L^ftl) IK>V7Y * A90. Rev. Two shields placed diagonally, with crowned helmet above.
Oft
#7ra0m
is
IX)
DI0#VjS
IKHIjS
i. e.
There
347.
Graz.
Kreuzer.
1501
61
Brabant.
(v. d. Chijs
XXXV
cross.
6.)
Obv.
i
Long
SimximXr TKT} *
^TiXi
*
B0X *
S?Om7EQO 7OT
.
490.
Rev.
*
T^aRTO VG *
TIVjST^IjS
Countries.
The mite
349.
Low
Koln. Gold gulden. Obv. Arms, in the angles the shields of Mainz, Trier, and the Palat* K0I>0' * JS' *90. inate. * MO SV' * If M7TI' ifet;. Christ seated on a throne. 7T^G BI^SI'
GOIo'*
Issued by
of Hessen.
149
350. (Merle
Koln.
9.
Gold gulden.
Reimmann
320.
Saurma 2737.)
Similar to preceding. Varieties occur with the date reading lR9i and 1 491 and on the obverse J?jI}II?jSIjS.
Baden underneath.
MOI}0\
DOY 7TV
1
^t''
!9*
Rev. Quartered arms, in the angles the shields of Mainz, Cologne, o ^^0V0' and the Palatinate. KXRTErf 7M?0(^'
Bohl men-
352.
Mainz.
Gold gulden.
Groschen.
(Saurma 2511.)
353.
Aachen.
(Farina 1989.
Saurma 2814.
Lietzmann 36.)
8
Arms of the city over a floriated cross. V^BjS VtHjSIjS B(^NI jS[ D0jS oIXo9t. Rev. Madonna with child over crescent -shaped moon.
Obv.
8
7TQ
7IV(
62
1501
JX9J in the exergue. * VIJBjS 8 TIQV^H 8 model of a cathedral; S[0:RI JS0O0JS 8 QTi&~vrF OIM Rev. Armorial shield of the city over a floriated cross. * GIVI-
nmw
0v ^^ovingi7T^vm
s
roariiet
355.
East Frisia.
Turnosgroschen.
Saurma 3304.)
in the angles.
*
lilies
D7Y
^2TG0'
* X)I>[' *
II?
OI[S'
* IffiljS' * 91.
four stars.
of East Frisia
* OI'
Count
(1491-1528).
The Madonna standing. mOT?0J}Tt BTTjSIIjI Rev. Arms. + IffilD^IGVjS ^OUXRTlO im&$%.
Obv.
.
lR9i.
357.
Damm.
Schilling.
(Saurma 4839.)
MOI?
01HZ I^OVTT
OKM.
9J.
i?et\
358.
Gottingen.
Kortling.
359.
Oftv.
Nordlingen.
8
Gold gulden.
8
John the Baptist standing, with a crescent -shaped moon beO^OEO} 9* IK)V2I I) low. mOI^TI Rev. Imperial globe. * I^ID^IGVjS BOffiTTR im^0^7YnnO^
360.
Hildesheim.
Groschen.
ffiO
8
(Saurma 4022.
Cappe 385.)
I?0
^IXft^jS
GGGG
SGI.
7TG
B0^W7T^X)V
361.
Franeker.
Florin d'or.
p.
301.)
Obv. Figure of
*
John the
[UOX}^
DOVft
HIOT
*
91
U^D^IG'
BO'
711?'
IM!0'7OTO\
1501
63
of
the
The lion above mentioned is the armorial device of Sicke Sjaerdema, Captain town of Franeker, who was made mint-master in 1485.
362.
Groningen.
Jager.
(v. d. Chijs
GGG G SGI
s
Obv.
Long
TZTlTtO
DOffil
ttl
170V
IfOIffRGetl?.
Groningen.
XIII
:
* BOI?0nn7I
The
is
of
* CQOiy
I)OVI
363.
Liard.
(v. d. Chijs
83, 84.)
;
is
of the
same type.
at his feet a
364
lion.
Frankfurt a./M. Gold gulden. Obv. John the Baptist standing with a lamb and book,
mOTlQ
Rev.
DOV7Y
V^
71
Ta&TL
The Imperial
globe.
^^D^IG ^O 7^ im^QWVR
Undated gold coins were issued here
as early as
is
Frankfurt on the Main was founded before the time of Charlemagne, and a mint The first types of its coins were referred to in this place as early as the year 1194.
bracteates, groschen,
and
heller.
1429.
These were
365. 366.
Graz.
Detjtz.
Kreuzer.
Groschen.
367.
Damm.
Schilling.
(Saurma 4840.)
XyjrtTZSU.
Garz.
Schilling.
(Saurma 4847.)
JS
VII>G0I>
o
X?GIVjS J49Z
B
and
Rev.
Arms
8
at the sides.
ftOI>-
<$]m
HO B^B^lWiS
is
*
Jenner
There
states (p.
same type and same date (Lohner 262). the dicken were struck in gold.
64
1501
Basle.
Gold gulden.
371.
Aachen.
Groschen.
Saurma 2816.
arms
of
Wernigerode.
GI^OjS
>I)I
stag.
<51$KVQ
I^I^IOI
II?.
373.
The Palatinate.
Gold gulden.
(Farina 2491.)
and Cologne.
ifet\
*
JX92 * Christ on throne, the arms of Bavaria and the Palatinate below.
*
ffiO
7IV
K[D0
*
* jS *
!?'
GO
^ # OYS
B7IV7I
374.
The Palatinate.
Groschen.
Obv. Figure of St. Peter; the bisected armorial shield of Mainz and + 71 ^OJSTOJj' ( + ) IJ^9Z the Palatinate below. 3 Rev. Armorial shield of Bavaria and the Palatinate. ^IpXfl +
0^
0Xi0G'
+
Similar to No. 340.
Mainz. Gold gulden. 375. (Cappe 694. Farina 3076.) Mainz. Half groschen. 376. (Cappe 701. Farina 3080.)
Obv. St. Peter. i?6t\ Shields of
><
['T
B0I?nD
1501
65
Pommerania.
Schilling.
Obv.
Ilr
The armorial
jS(
IOB 92
*
shield of Riigen
'
on a long
cross.
Xi7OT(^
^TL
Rev. Griffin.
OYX
BV^jSZrTTVjS
jst^wtid
Dannenberg (No. 412) agrees with Friedlander that this coin was not issued jointly by the rulers of Hessen and Pommerania, but suggests that it was struck by Bogislaus X, upon his return from Palestine in 1498, in commemoration of the pilgrimage of Wilhelm I (senior) of Hessen, which occurred in 1491 or 1492.
378.
Garz.
Schilling.
Groschen.
8
I?OV7T
^IXiD^jS^
aaaaxan
Franeker. Florin d'or. TCVI?-' * fl^TT 9Z Obv. Same as No. 361. mOX^' IK)V7T * Rev. Same as No. 361. * HB^O^IG' * rgO-'TER' * IM^[' TWO'
380.
381.
Nordlingen.
Gold gulden.
(Saurma 1369.)
1X92
14
92.
4-
0BOjSjSVjS
I)OWjS
jS
ZWIGK7IVI
TZX.
usually called
Half Schwertgroschen.
Wesel.
Double groschen.
(Farina 1540.
Saurma 2934.)
Obv.
mOI>[
DO VK W^7T Xil[
Long ornamented
The
9Z
Similar in-
Rev.
66
1501
S
385.
^^OJ^-'
* ffiOI^TTT +
ICXRjS'
HOV7T
+
+ aiflvetDJSIjS + KI+ OOOO + Rev. Helmeted shields of Cleve and Mark. OTjXV^XI^ + Z + GO + >[ + CTOTI?
1
XGH
DYS
Issued by Johann
II,
Duke
of
386.
Neuss.
Double groschen.
in the angles.
*
(Saurma 2891.)
Two
shields with
crown above.
OT
of the
of the
Cologne and
The majority
387.
Brabant.
v. d.
(Farina 1743.
6.)
B0I>0DIG
*
711)10^71
m$K
><
DOCTMCQO
*
^^jS
TT^aiSCOVX;
TrVjSWSl^
*
svreooiel
&-#tz&tT)0.
J7TG
><
^O^YI'Yffi
><
TVVffi
><
DOffi!!^
><
1492.
of Philip the
These coins were principally struck at Antwerp during the minority Good.
388.
Groningen.
XIII
:
Jager.
(v. d. Chijs
85.)
Rev. Double eagle over vertical shield of the city. Inscriptions as on No. 362.
1501
67
Sneek.
Escalin.
3.)
(v. d. Chijs
Outer in-
* mOT}$rj\K I)OV7T jSI}(K(I>jSIjS. Inner inscription: TERpO. XXRI. m. 0000. 9ii. 00' * X)I> Rev. Long cross. Outer inscription: D7I * ^7T I * VX$& I^^IjS * Inner inscription: Q' * IK> [ * ft' Q ;' * I>0. i. e. Da pacem Domine in diebus nostris, Quia non est alius qui pugnat pro nobis.
^Y^T
These words are taken from the sayings or proverbs (L. 24) of Jesns Sirach, a
Jew
of Jerusalem,
who
flourished B. C. 130.
OOOO*
XG1X
390.
(v. d.
to
No. 245.
:
There are
B(I}(:OIG
391.
^0^0DI^7I^I
XIV
:
HDV(
><
Oueldres.
Double briquet,
Farina 1742.)
(v. d. Chijs
3, 4, 5, 6.
Obv.
Arms
* &7XiWStt
><
;7IO
^O^VXiVm
ftVjSnnpI^
*
* ^SiS'
71^0^10 YS
same
date.
g
392.
Zwolle. Stuyver. (v. d. Chijs XVII 4.) Obv. Ornamented cross. 7II>pO
:
Dpi'
*
ffi I
0000
I
I 92.
jSftpcrr
miG^7T0Xi
7OT'
ZWOXi'
earliest
The
393.
Leeuwaeden.
V:
7.)
Gros.
(v. d. Chijs
394.
Utrecht.
Gold
florin.
(v. d. Chijs
1. TO37T
x
i^arr'
on
long
cross.
ffiO' B
pO
7tV^'0
*
92.
0Xi00inn
DTTVIW
><
jSW'jSW
68
1501
Utrecht.
XVIII:
Double briquet,
35, 36.)
(v. d. Chijs
II}V0I}I
DfiVXO
jS^VV* m$V
* J492
Utrecht. Briquet, (v. a. Chijs XIX: 37.) Obv. Quartered arms in circle.
J
* SRCXR'
IK>'
^@I'
Ti?7II-
(GT[' *
492.
X) in
the centre.
flftCfcROI? * 0jSHHO *
1493
Frankfurt a./M. Gold gulden. 398. (J. and F. 127. Saurma 2159.)
Obv.
MOI^'
I^OVTI
^TEQOq'
IM^'etQTI'
f93
Rev.
399.
The Imperial globe. * flBXOSIOVjS BOM7TX?' Leeu warden. Gros. Similar to No. 292.
V:
8.)
(v. d. Chijs
400.
(v. d.
Sneek. Chijs V:
GGGG o 7tI>I>0 XXRI o B o Rev. Shield quartered with an eagle and three crowns.
Obv.
Long
cross.
XGIII
* n3OI)0nH7I
Schilling.
Graz.
Kreuzer.
Berne. Thaler, or piece of 30 batzen. 403. (Madai 2080. Lohner 166. Reimmann 6044.)
Obv. Similar to No. 369.
*....
Basle. Mainz.
Gold gulden.
Schilling.
.,
405.
jS
Obv. St. Peter, at his feet the shield of + #3^' + ft ^OjS + 1X9 3
Rev. Quartered shield of Mainz, Romhild, and Henneberg. + Ttgaifetejs' + ^mij' + 0n^G^' +
Vide note to No. 340.
> B^^^H'
1501
69
The Palatinate.
varieties
Groschen.
\
(Farina 2498.)
There are
Groschen.
408.
+6060^0
GOMOT^jS
*
jSW7TX?3BVB^
MTEIOJ?
This and the following are the only coins bearing dates issued by the Counts of Schwarzburg during the fifteenth century. This piece was struck at Konigsee by
Gunther
XXXVI,
XXXI.
409.
Schwarzburg.
93
Half groschen.
4-
G* B
I? *
GOMI
*
* rr0jS *
JSW7TB3-
BV^C^I?
jSIJS
+ BOjSjSVjS
poWjS
KOI>I0IJSJS0(I?-
ffi
GGGGXGIII.
Stolberg.
Groschen.
II,
this
Wernigerode was ceded to Stolberg town (two curved fishes, resembling trout), are
Outer inscription: jSIT o I^OM^I? X)OMII>I :8[I)0:OIOTV .J.X.9.3, Inner inscription: aiVOTftjS QOXiT>I$Q Rev. A central shield with the armorial bearings of the city; at the angles are three smaller shields supposed to be emblematic of the magi.
Obv. Short cross.
. .
ITtJSfiTS.
M0XiG^. smcWI?.
70
1501
with
on the reverse.
The
city of
to strike coins
pay reverence and make offerings to the infant Jesus is that their names were Balthasar, Melchior, and Gaspar or Jasper. Their remains were said to have been found by the Empress Helena and brought to Constantinople by her orders. Later they were transferred to Milan, and in the year 1164 Archbishop Reinhold removed them to Cologne.
the East to
1494
413.
(v. d.
Hollaxd.
ChijsXXII:
Briquet.
18.)
#[1)0:010
*
I^^XOTTOTI
*
><
HHV0
><
mRI^O
^jS
71^0^1
DVX;
7YVjS^
jS7ri)aTVjS
VII)
G0I>GIV^
bear (the arms of the city) with double -eagle and seven Around in a circle, twenty shields of arms of shields of arms above. the various bailiwicks.
Rev.
The earliest coins of Berne are small square and round bracteates usually retaining the emblem of the bear, to which the figure of St. Vincent is sometimes added. As early as the year 1228 mention is made of 9 librae et 10 solidi bernensis monetae
and there are numerous subsequent references to both the coinage and the mint. In 1479, Pope Sixtus IV, gave the city permission to strike gold gulden, and these were
copied from the Palatine types and bore a figure of St. Peter.
small coins
The
batzen,
i.
e.
the
now
1501
71
415.
Damm.
Schilling.
(Saurnia 4842.)
Gold gulden.
m TtKimiXiITZTl VjS
^Om7Y B0S
o
Gold gulden. Obv. John the Baptist standing, with a crescent -shaped moon beo I>O^X)rrI 8 JX9X low. MOD0T7I DOY
Nordlingen.
o
^Om'KX}
B0K;
Briquet,
XIG7T
ifev.
*
06t/.
JRCXQ'
X9&.
;
Shield of de Horn surrounded by flames * lOX^S' * (;' * X shields of Bouillon and Looz.
OX)' OVS
below, smaller
'
G' * X'.
I^OV
X^IXX)0
XGHII
Utrecht.
Briquet.
38-41.)
(v. d. Chijs
XIX
As No. 396, with date *9X. Rev. Long cross, lilies, etc., in
Obv.
421.
the angles.
X[I7OT
MIJS0
The Palatinate.
Erfurt.
Heller.
Groschen.
422.
Obv.
Arms
above, dividing 9
4.
Rev. Blank.
72
1501
423.
Wurttemberg.
Schilling.
dividing the date tR 9X. * 7OTT[ Rev. Quartered arms. 0B0^?H + GOM + ^ + WI^HF + jS^HIO^ Issued by Count Eberhard V of Wurttemberg (1457-1496), who became the first
Obv.
duke
in 1495.
A palm-tree
MCTO
1495
424.
Damm.
Schilling.
There are
varieties
95 and
1*95.
Kortling.
Mainz.
Schilling.
of
Mainz (1484-1504).
Gold gulden.
Basle.
Nordlingen.
Hildesheim.
Gold gulden.
Groschen.
431.
(Knyphausen 5744.
Cappe 389.)
8
pOV
^IXiO^jS^ffi
XGV.
1496
Gold gulden.
CTK>'
oI}0'
o^o
7TI?GB'
o
*96
Rev.
The Imperial
globe.
* m7EXimi:DI7EQVjS'
Similar to No. 405.
letters
-ROmT?
^^K
Schilling.
varieties
on the reverse.
1501
73
Nordlingen.
Gold gulden.
Obv. iR96
MOI?0T7r
I?OV
DOIfOIrl
Rev.
* ffiftXimrniTERVjS
Groschen.
jS
^QOmTLTl
B^ts:
*96
ifew.
the reverse.
436.
Damm.
Schilling.
(Saurma 4843.)
437. Brandenburg. Groschen. (Saurma 4679, 4683, 4685.)
DOffil- JX96.
^OI>0 7n}I)0
.
.
lO^jS
X)
Half
438.
Wurzburg.
Groschen.
(Saurma 1339.)
1^71'
DYS.
coniae Dux.
JSTERaWVjS
is
He was
was founded A. D. 741, but there appears to be no record of any mint until the year 1030, when Bishop Meinhard obtained the right of seigniorage which was confirmed by the Emperor Konrad in 1037. In 1191 mention is made of solidorum Wirzeb. monete sex solidos Wirzeburgensis monete and two years later There must have been a very extensive are referred to in the codex of Gudenus. minor coinage in the fourteenth century, as in 1386 there is a reference to " zehin tusent Pfunt Heller guter und genemer Wurtzpurger werung." In 1506 Bishop Lorenz von Bibra, above mentioned, received permission to issue gold gulden, which he caused to be struck of eighteen and one-half carats fineness.
bishopric
The
XXX
is
in a floral wreath.
74
1501
Pfennig. Obv. Shield of the city dividing the figures Rev. Blank.
441. Sachsen. (Gotz 4051.)
Erfurt.
and
6*
Groschen.
442.
Pfalz-Mosbach. Gold gulden. Obv. Quartered arms of the Palatinate and Bavaria
in a shield.
Rev.
o
O^TO
at
o
her
feet,
a shield.
POVO^O^O,
:
either
443.
(v. d.
Double briquet.
19.)
Obv.
Ram
with the
*
fleece,
XJQXOXVI}
jS7I-
0X>GI0
ramOB
OOflBXQI
7TIffiO
496.
Quartered armorial shield with crown above. * ^SJS * X)0I * 0^7T * 7Y^G^IDVX * 7TVjST:3 * S * GO IJO-. Philip the Good reached his majority in this year and the event was celebrated by the striking of this coin, frequently known as the "zilveren vlies " or "toison d'argent"
i?ev.
1
The
444.
is
7).
Holland.
XXII:
Double briquet,
20, 21, 22, 23.)
(v. d. Chijs
Obv.
OPVJB
Rev.
445.
cross.
OSRQIjS
jS^I^OTVjS
Xi7YVX)0^
As
preceding.
(v. d.
Double briquet,
:
8.)
crown above.
*
(Dim
ftSCORXO*
7TV;sru;K
DVS * &&
>Tt$
* >(I
B'
Another type
1501
75
446.
Brabant.
Double briquet,
XXII: 10.) Obv. Similar to No. 444. Rev. As preceding. The greater part of these coins were
(v. d. Chijs
struck at Antwerp.
'
447.
GrUELDEES.
Double briquet.
(v. d. Chijs
XVI:
20.)
*
*
0QVI-
Rev. Lion and helmet over armorial shield. * K7^i?OXf 0[ii' rvxr' go' y Struck by Karl von Egmond, duke of Gueldres 1492-1538.
448.
OY'
Sweden. Gold noble. Obv. The King seated on a throne, holding a sceptre and
globe, at
IOIf jS
7IH
*
* X)(I *
B7I
^^K * t^HO^'
IVjSjSOT
M0
gi^I *
1X96.
The royal arms crowned, quartered on the cross of Dannebrog. X)$K!F$#T: * X>HI' * ^S^IiTT^ * M0 * D0X^^7T * DHI * B0GOT *
ifev.
The
earliest
dated gold coin of Sweden of the value of four and a quarter ducats.
Denmark
in 1483,
and
of
Sweden
in 1497.
1497
mOI^
i?6t>.
Ornamented cross with four armorial shields in the angles o X?OV7I 7tVB' jSWOBftOR' J&9A John the Baptist standing, holding a book and a lamb
o o o o
ESXOBIOI
X>
mrcgOQ'
SUITER'
76
1501
of varieties
f 497.
450.
Brandenburg.
Groscheii.
(Farina 15.)
The
groschen read.-ICXRjS.
X).
. CTOTK. B^7T.
Oj^OT.
Similar to No. 432.
451. Frankfurt a./M. Gold gulden. (J. and F. 131. Saurma 2160.)
452. The Palatinate. Gold gulden. (Kohler 1145. Reimmann 643. Farina 2492.)
Obv. +
MOI>0'
7EV
^1}
[If['
as No. 373.
Cleye.
Groschen.
ffi
(Farina 1541.)
is
''w
454. Hamburg. Ducat. Kohler 2864. (Gaedechens 86, 87.
Soothe
1510,
1511.
Reimmann
893.
Saurma 3404.)
7TV0. &Xi$Q. B7IGI7T. 1X97. shield of the city at her feet. HlOTlQWR. T{0.
^7imBVB<3.
455. Sachsen. (Gotz 4001.) 456. Damm. (Saurma 4844.)
Half Schwertgroschen.
Schilling.
X>
ISM.
Obv. Shield of
97.
*
Rugen on
a long cross.
*
MOI>
*
0^7T.
I?
OV7I.
Rev. Griffin.
BV00jSXi7TV;3
Duke
of
OYS
jSW^WWII}.
Issued by Bogislaus X,
Pommerania (1474-1523).
Gold gulden.
1501
*
77
Half groschen.
J 497 Obv. Double eagle. * MOI?[T7t NOV7T NO^DXiIH * M7IXIMIIjI7rHVjS IJOjBev. Armorial shield of Weinsberg.
Lord of Weinsberg (1448-1503), Frankfurt a./M., Nordlingen, and Basle were pledged.
Issued by Philip
II,
to
whom
the
mints of
459.
Zwolle.
Butgen.
TiX}X}
(v. d. Chijs
maa GG 97.
ifow.
DI>I
ZWOXiXi'
city.
ffiOI>0^7T
J)OV7I
two plaks.
Zwolle.
Plak.
size.
461.
Utrecht.
Double briquet.
5, 6.)
(v. d. Chijs
XXI
mo
JSTBj
I>0
5^0 D0 * B7TO0 * $X
*
W^ft
* J497.
VV ^7TG * 0 ^VXiV *
rrv
The
462.
Brabant.
Double briquet.
Demi
patard.
II?
Obv. Ornamental cross with a crown in the centre. GOIffllDO + 7iO IR97
+ DOfflll^O
^jS +
TL^GFiEO +
ftVjSnn
OVS + B0 +
GO +
X}.
Namur was an
Rathszeichen.
*
Rev.
A crown separating 9 A. B * VII>I * GOI^jSVXi * GOXiO A cup separating 9 A. BIBOT * GVM * Ti0FlQIK *
(i. e.
78
1501
Groschen.
Usually called Schneeberger Zinsgroschen.
Gold gulden.
8
MOH^riTC NO John the Baptist standing. Rev. The Imperial globe. * mTIXIMirilTffl'
467.
NO^DXiIH
98
SOM7IHOSV
Nordlingen.
Half groschen.
(Saurroa 1372.)
MOI^O^
468
Brandenburg
Groschen
There are half groschen of the same date.
Brandenburg
X)
& miSi^OX}
fclJTEQ'
Gold gulden.
471.
Sitten.
(Schult,
Reiminann 2778.)
The Emperor Charlemagne seated, offering a sword to the * HIGOri7TV^ * 0jS * 0aVH0I)jS bishop kneeling before him. ++ 1?0 + 0P + GO + 498. Rev. The arms of the bishop, surmounted by a mitre, within a cirObv.
J
cle of sixteen shields. Issued by Nikolaus Schiner, Bishop of Sitten (in the Canton of Wallis), from
1496
to 1499.
There are
varieties with
0aVNI0NjS'
1501
79
98.
Groningen.
XIII
:
Double jager.
Outer inscription: * jSOT * I>0 Inner inscription: TO)' * X) I?'
(v. d. Chijs
86.)
Obv.
Long
cross.
M['
* ffiO
QQGK.
s
DI)I
* flftOI^TTI
474.
Groningen.
XIII
:
Double
jager.
(v. d. Chijs
Obv.
jBev.
7ERIK>
Jager.
475.
(v. d. Chijs
* 7TI>I>0
and plaks
of the
476.
(v. d.
Thaler.
1.)
Obv.
Two
crown above
and
below. * D0I o ^7TGI7t o I?000jS o S0^N7OT o Rev. Quartered armorial shield of Saxony and Frisia. * 2TXiB0I?rrVjS o c jS7TK:ONI0 o o EBIjSI^ Frisia passed to the control of the Dukes of Saxony in the year 1090, and Albert,
J498
DYX
6VB
Margrave
477.
of Meissen,
to 1506.
Deventer. Florin d'or. (v. d. Chijs XI 4.) Obv. Similar to No. 304, with the date *98. Rev. Imperial globe in an ornamental frame.
:
ffi7CX3nWOGI7t-
DVjs
BomTEpoirv
Utrecht.
sets;.
478.
Double briquet.
9,
(v. d. Chijs
XXI
10.)
mGGGG savin.
Obv
7YIQO
OOfl3II>
80
1501
Brabant.
Gaez.
Lippe.
Double briquet.
480.
481.
Schilling.
(Grote 59.)
Obv.
Ornamented
X.
8 in
the angles.
o
ffiOI)
I)OY
Xi
Xi0M 00O.
Rev. Shield with a rose in the centre.
pOBIXi
setQlffiftl^O
This principality issued coins from the beginning of the thirteenth century, and
there
is
in
in-
1499
Stuyver.
Long
cross with
U R. 9.
9.
in the angles.
1)0:8 XXQjS
B^IOT^D
fif-
D.'*
EDKe
This and the preceding are the only dated coins of Lippe issued during the
teenth century.
483.
Deyenter.
XIII:
3.)
Stuyver.
(v. d. Chijs
7IHH
DOM IHI
99
Rev. Double eagle over the diagonal shields of Deventer and Opper* MOH0HD71 * HOV7I * X>0 * D7IV0H^^I7T. sticht.
484.
Zwolle.
Double stuyver.
(v. d. Chijs
7THHO
tm*o*o*o*os xoix Rev. St. Michael under a canopy at his feet the quartered armorial oo 3' MI0^7T^ Xi 7OTO' 3WOXi' shield, Sancdomihi
;
i. e.
tus
quartered shield
485.
(v. d.
1501
81
Groningen. Stuyver. (v. d. Chijs XIV: 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105.) There are numerous minor varieties of both the stuyver and half stuyver of this year, all of the types of Nos. 473, 474, and 475. Some of the readings are: * mOI)^7Y + JROV - 3?OI>II>00I>' * mOT}0F * IK>V7T * - * i?OI?rQ0['jS', and * AROINT I^OVft - (>^OX}I,
.
487.
(v. d.
Double briquet.
24, 25.)
488.
(v. d.
Double briquet.
26.)
Similar to No. 443, except that the obverse has a long ornamented cross instead of the fleece.
489.
Holland.
Double briquet.
30, 31, 43.)
XXII: 29; XXIII: Obv. As No. 444. Rev. Similar to No. 443.
(v. d. Chijs
The
490.
Holland.
XXIII:
Double briquet.
37, 38,44;
(v. d. Chijs
XXIV:
45, 48.)
0OIG
Obv.
Long ornamented
cross.
jSOT + I]Offi
WVm 1X99.
Rev. Similar to No. 443, but varieties occur reading: + + G + I? * POV7T + ftBCOCO + 7TVjS +
OYX B
491.
Nimegue.
13.)
Sou.
(v. d. Chijs I:
492.
cross. *
70}IK>
Rev.
493.
Arms
of the city.
* *IK>'
^$D
DOCTMCRI
* tf* *
OQOO 99.
*
* X>[ *
:87TO
(^I
Tlf.
Brabant.
Florin d'or.
4, 5.)
(v. d. Chijs
XXI
Obv. St. Philip with sceptre and book, the quartered armorial shield
below.
jBev.
jS7QGnnt
&Tt$
Iiyi^BO^O^ #?0
o
Ornamented
cross.
^jS
There
is
X)[I
a half of the
82
Brabaxt.
vlies.
(v. d. Chijs
XXV:
The IVjSTIGITT I QVI I IVX)IG7TTIJS S TOOT I 1499. last word is an abbreviation of "terrain." Rev. The ducal arms surrounded by the Order of the Golden Fleece, the latter held by two lions rampant. * -T{& % O0I S (MOT % 71^0^0
X)IXfIGIT0
I
495.
Brabant.
Frankfurt a./M.
881.)
No
432.
(Reimmann
497.
Bremen.
Four groten.
Reimmann
2250.
(Jungk 108-114.
Saurma 3370.
Knyphausen 4644.)
* flROI^TI * I>OV7I * B^0M0I>jSI^ * JX99. Rev. St. Peter seated on a throne, in one hand a key, in the other Below, the armorial shield of Johann Rode. * IOIf jS * D0I a book.
Obv.
Issued by Johann (III) Rode, Archbishop of Bremen from 1497 to 1511.
A large key.
Breisach. Dicken. Obv. Armorial shield of the city on a floriated cross in a compartment. * moists; I Bi?ijS7rG^i0i>iSijs * *&99 Rev. The stoning of St. Stephen. * JS' * JSW[:I?7ERVjS I ^^O498.
1501
83
Half
schilling.
99,
and occasionally
t-^99.
Eimbeck.
Kortling.
in
a beaded
circle.
(Knyphausen 5401.)
Obv.
The
letter
!KIK>
*
X)X}X
mGGGG.
XGIX
Rev.
501.
Same
as obverse.
mOI>0
I>OV7t
0^B0G
jSI?
Sachsen.
Gold gulden.
globe.
(Saurma 4411.)
Obv.
CtQJSIJS
o
The Imperial
99
CTaOI^WTI
o
IK>V7I
.
TLVS&R
.
Xil^'-
5^1
TEE
IO
X)
OYDY
jSTIXQIff
Issued at Leipzig by Friedrich III, Albrecht, and Johann of the Ernestinian main
Grroschen.
Similar to No. 232. There are varieties with this date of Zinsgroschen and Engelsgroschen.
below. JSTEQaWVjS Xf7TX)IiSXi7IViS B0X. Rev. Quartered arms of Hungary, Dalmatia, and Bohemia.
.
4 * 99
SIKXR-
There are
struck but cast.
varieties reading
J,
99*
504.
Thann.
Dicken.
Madai 2337.)
(Meyer 9000.
Obv.
t
Arms
of the city
on an ornamented
staff.
cross.
* 1201)0^71
HO
jS' *
Hn^0OB7T
XiOVjS
0^jS
privileges in
Brandenburg.
Grold gulden.
(Saurma 1204.)
I^OVTI
TIV^
jSWOB7TGX}
84
1501
Patard.
jSOT
I>7T.
8
Obv.
ifcw.
8
Long
cross.
X^Om^I?
8
X)X}1
8
setR^OiaWV
8
J&99.
8
Armorial shield.
* I?jS
D0I
0^71
TDQaiSCOV
7TVjS
X)VX
507.
BY^ GO
8
Damm.
Stettin.
99.
Schilling.
(Saurma 4845.)
508.
Schilling.
Similar to No. 456, except that the obverse reads: O3OI>0 I)OV7I
jOTpfl.
Til?.
Pommerania. Gold gulden. Obv. Quartered arms of Stettin -Pommern, Rugen, Giitzkow, and TIVjS Usedom, on a long cross, the figures 99 above. BO^jSXi X)
509.
Rev. 1)71.
510.
a child.
GOI^^VTI I?OJS
o
X)Q'
Breisgau)
Dicken.
I
(Meyer 8201.)
Obv.
Head of
a raven.
* JJOjSjSVjS
^BIBVBG'
*
II?
SBIjS'
*X99
ifcw.
MTI^
I7t
B7T
'
is
built in
traced to
Dicken. Obv. Eagle, a small shield of the city below. * OJjMTEQ t \R99 Rev. St. Martin on horseback, bestowing alms.
511.
*
;
Colmar.
MOI^TTI
jS' *
IK>'
MTTIQTOC
X}
7OT;qo 9
it
Braunschweig. Groschen. Obv. Bust of a Saint holding the model of a church in his right hand. js7ERaTVjs Ttvowo^ mi 99 * MOI^T7I o ;QOV7i; BBVI}jSWIG0I?jSIjS Rev. Lion.
1501
85
513.
Basle.
Dicken.
Madai 2073.
Reimmann 6028. Saurma 1751.) Obv. Armorial shield of the city, supported by two basilisks. MCXQ0^71 8 STTjSrDietQjSIjS 11X99 * Rev. Madonna with child, standing on a crescent. 7TV0I MK^XK I
(Haller 1509.
G>y$RQTR
514.
'
Basle. Tournosgroschen. Obv. Armorial shield of city. * s O^OjSjSVjS 37rjSirfI0I?jSIJS8 99. Outer inscription: * jS7IXiV0 * J?00i;R7r * Rev. Short cross. VXiO 0X)O VOT 7T. rnijS0^IGO^DI0. Inner inscription *>
:
Groschen.
-
^BOX^^nHTT.
Double
eagle. *
I07TG^I
0rr TLTiS.
mT^OTt. B^mQBIO.
1499
to
who were
1513.
There were mints at Berlin, Frankfurt on the river Oder (and which must not be confused with Frankfurt on the river Main), Stendal, and Krossen, and these appear on the
coins,
e.
g.
flS/KCElO^
B^MI^I^IjS,
1500
also groschen of
of the
516.
Frisia.
Stuyver.
:
(v. d. Chijs
VI
5.)
Obv.
*<;?
tow x>.orai
i?ew.
Fi&cfe
*RQTR
Long
cross,
* i?
with a star in each angle. Outer inscription: D0I 0>(jS * ^0 0I>7TI>T. Inner inscription:
i'
ma GGGG.
shield.
* 70j:8TVjS
DVX
Schilling.
Similar to No. 456, except that the obverse reads: fD,OX}^ $W0F I' M. V. G
IK>V7
86
1501
0V80BOTTO'
11?
BSIjSI
500.
* jSIHH *
Outer inscription.
* X)[I' *
*
+
*
(X?'
X)IGWV'
I?Om^
Fz^e
X)X)1
*
IXRI
*
V*
2CQI
Inner inscription:
TnQB'Tvjs
519.
(v. d.
dvs
js7Es;o'
zd\
12.)
There is a derni florin d'or of this type, the obverse reading 7iv I ^7tG I T;g7n:0aT v^oeORO^ I isoo.
US
The armorial
The
silver vlies
of similar design,
520.
Salzburg.
Gold gulden.
Saurraa 851.)
\
(Soothe 738.
Reirnmann 353.
500 above.
* Xi0OI>-
* 7I^G^I0^I * iS7IXiG30B Rev. St. Rupert standing, at his feet the arms of Keutschach. 9 v;s jS7n}onn 9 ;hv
7I^D
DB^nn
521.
Gottingen.
Kortling.
(Saurma 3909.)
522.
Goslar.
Groschen.
*
Obv. Eagle.
mOI^Wft
I>OV7I
OOjSIfTMff^I?
!700 (sic)
*
Rev. Standing
1088
of
Madonna with
child.
m7#TR m7OT
0^7tGI0.
is
mention in
G-oslariensum.
523.
Deventer.
XIII
:
Stuyver.
1500.
(v. d. Chijs
4.)
1501
87
Deventer.
XII: 25.)
Piedfort.
(v. d. Chijs
Obv. St. Lebuinus holding a sceptre or staff and below the diagonally placed armorial shields of Deventer and Oppersticht. * jSOjS' *
Zr^BVII)
500.
Rev. In a compartment a large shield of Deventer, and to the left and right respectively smaller shields of Deventer and Oppersticht.
CTK>' * IK>' *
>3
okv^TIpOT
Half
525.
Nordlingen. Nordlingen.
schilling.
526.
Gold gulden.
8
Obv.
J500
I)OY'
IK^iOIrl
8
Rev.
527.
The Imperial
Eimbeck.
globe.
M7tK;iMiriI7rH
^OM7TNO^H
*#$K
Kortling.
8
(Knyphausen 5402.)
OOOO.
529. Frankfurt a./M. Grold gulden. Saurma 2161.) (J. and F. 134.
530.
Brandenburg.
Groschen.
Farina 18.)
X)omi i5oo.
The
Obv.
W.OX}
TZX}T}0
SBTER.
of the
_ mvo.
6BTO.
Similar to No. 501.
Gold gulden.
484.)
532.
MOH[
John the
IO
IpER.
lE^ID
TOjS 0^.
I
O^O^ O
lOI^TTNN.
line.
88
1501
cross.
X
*
jST[T
ifet>.
II? m V
BVX^jSXi
rays.
Madonna with
child surrounded
by
7IVjS OY GOI?iS0^V7^
DOjS DOffiII?7I
There are varieties with the obverse reading: BV0^Xi7t
VjS
1500
Salzburg.
Batzen.
(Saurrna 860.)
These coins are frequently called " Riibener," or " Ruben Batzen," from the
nip in the armorial shield of the Archbishop.
535.
The Palatinate.
Gold gulden.
Reimmann 7565.) Obv. Three armorial shields in triangular position, with the letter above them. * ^TtlXiI^ 8 ^TTXi 3 #3 8 gXi^QW 8 im&Q 8 1500 Rev. Madonna surrounded by rays, o 7TV0 8 I? 8 ^Xi( X}K 8
(Farina 2493.
Issued by Philip
I,
536.
Braunschweig.
Groschen.
as
Similar to
No
Braunschweig obtained the right of seigniorage before the thirteenth century, there is a reference in the year 1204 to Sifridus et Henricus monetarii.
Dicken. Obv. Eagle. JSftljaTVjS * OTIftimBVjS * 1500 Rev. Standing bear. mOI^Tft * IX> jS7TI}GTO
537.
St.
G allen.
07110! *
538.
MtiHLHEiM.
Groschen.
(Saurrna 2991.)
Groschen. Obv. Floriated cross with armorial shields in the angles. * 03?OJSV;3 3 ROWjS 3 GOIT 3 13 $WKTi&$#(s> 3 1100. (sic) Rev. Armorial shield with stag, a helmet above. If3jS3I^3I3 0P 3 BOOO 3 GO 3 I 3 JSTTBCiSell?
539.
Stolberg.
1501
89
Hungary.
Thaler.
Obv. Quartered arms of Hungary, Dalmatia, and Bohemia; at the sides KB0MOTZ (sic) and HHY^jSO, with inscription: * MOH0^7t *
WXrTEOjSIrTn: * X> * * S0<MjS * VH(^7T^I0 * J500. ifoy. St. Ladislaus on a galloping horse. jS7THarrVjS
**
Xi7TOI3Xi7r
Addenda
1436
Groschen. Obv. Short cross. Outer inscription * 7TI>I}0 8 >I}I' 8 ^DlXi^iSISftOGGGG 8 Inner inscription *MOI>(rr:ZI 8 I>OV7T 8 D0 8 B7I ifev. Bust of the Emperor Charlemagne holding the model of a church in his right hand and the Imperial globe in his left a shield below. * HTO^CKOBIGVjS 8 8 S^OX}' * Dietrich II von Bronckhorst, Duke of Batenburg (1432-1451), copied the types
. :
33 #
Batenburg.
SSXYI
of the groschen of
Aachen.
is
J477
183*.
Bolsward.
IV:
8.)
Escalin.
(v. d. Chijs
1479
Wolfhagen. Pfennig. The half-length figure of a Landgrave holding a sword right hand and the Imperial globe in his left. 7II)I}0 * X)X}1 * GGXiXXIK:.
.
208 # Obv.
in his
I2GG-
over the centre door a human head and over each of the side entrances a banner. 1201)0^71 * WOXiIJ Rev.
gateway
Duke Henry
is
I of
Hessen, in
is
1264, and in the following year a mint must have been in operation as there
refer-
Conradus monetarius.
coin
no reference to any pieces having been struck here after the fifteenth century.
ISSUING COINS
first
DATED BEFORE
1501
Index of Localities
(Numbers with an
Aachen
asterisk [*] are in the supplementary list.)
Aix-la-Chapelle.
Vide Aachen.
Franeker 273, 294, 303, 346, 361, 380 Frankfurt a./M. 364, 398, 416, 428, 432, 451,
470, 496, 529
Antwerp
Freiburg.
50, 51, 58, 62, 00, 77, 80, 81
(Switzerland) 86.
Vide Gueldres.
Gorz 180
68, 76
170,
Gottingen 26, 29, 116, 121, 213, 330, 337, 358, 426, 521
Goslar 522
Bonn
83
Graz 72, 96-98, 106, 123, 133, 134, 139, 145, 192, 252, 263, 277, 291, 328, 347, 365, 402 Groningen 37, 52-54, 84, 85, 90, 92, 99, 100, 102104, 110, 122, 129, 137, 138, 146, 151, 156, 163, 171, 177, 198, 242, 270, 278, 283, 301,
Hamburg 454
Hannover 236
Hasselt 195, 203, 217, 230, 418
Bremen 497
Brussels 298
Campen
Cleve 30, 166, 206, 207, 235, 259, 271, 282, 313, 341, 385, 453
Coblentz 32, 41, 45, 46, 60, 65, 79 Colmar 511
Cologne.
Vide Koln.
444, 487-490.
Damm
Hungary
503, 540
Deutz 237, 318, 321 Deventer 112-115, 130, 131, 136, 141, 143, 152,
172, 198, 199, 228, 304, 305, 308, 477, 483,
523, 524
Dordrecht 287
Diiren 142
464
Leeuwarden
East Frisia.
Vide Frisia.
Eimbeck
Flanders.
500, 527
Liege 43, 175, 190, 208, 226, 234, 248, 255-258. 269, 279, 306, 307, 326
92
Liittich.
1501
Maestricht 519
Salzburg 520, 534 Schonforst and Sichem 4-7, oo, 56, 66 Schwarzburg 408, 409
Mainz
Sichem.
Sitten 471
Vide Schonforst.
433
Malines 299, 391 Mors 215 Miihleim 233, 253, 254, 322, 538
Xabburg 50
Xamur
463, 506
Sweden
Treves.
Xeumarkt 442
Xeuss 386
Thann 504
Vide Trier.
Trier 42. 351
Ximegue
Ober-Sachsen.
Palatinate,
Vide Sachsen.
24, 339, 373, 374, 406, 421, 425,
Utrecht 153. 173, 182, 186, 187, 201, 243, 244, 247, 286, 394-396, 420, 461, 478, 492, 519
Wernigerocle 250, 372, 411
The
Pfalz-Mosbach 442
Wesel 272, 314, 323, 342, 384 Wiener Xeustadt 101, 135, 140,
Pommerania
Riehl 36, 48, 49, 59, 61. 67, 73-75, 78, 82, 107 Koermond 212
Wolfhagen 208*
Wiirttemberg 423 Wiirzburg 438
Sachsen 94, 95, 109. Ill, 120, 126, 132, 162, 178.
189, 214, 232, 319, 343, 382, 383, 407. 441, 455, 465, 501, 502, 531, 532.
St.
237 90