About AWK Command in Unix

1. Renaming within the name:

ls -1 *old* | awk '{print "mv "$1" "$1}' | sed s/old/new/2 | sh

(although in some cases it will fail, as in file_old_and_old) 2. remove only files:

ls -l * | grep -v drwx | awk '{print "rm "$9}' | sh

or with awk alone:

ls -l|awk '$1!~/^drwx/{print $9}'|xargs rm

Be careful when trying this out in your home directory. We remove files! 3. remove only directories
ls -l | grep '^d' | awk '{print "rm -r "$9}' | sh

or
ls -p | grep /$ | wk '{print "rm -r "$1}'

or with awk alone:

ls -l|awk '$1~/^d.*x/{print $9}'|xargs rm -r

Be careful when trying this out in your home directory. We remove things! 4. killing processes by name (in this example we kill the process called netscape):
kill `ps auxww | grep netscape | egrep -v grep | awk '{print $2}'`

or with awk alone: ps auxww | awk '$0~/netscape/&&$0!~/awk/{print $2}' |xargs kill

Posted by naani at 2:52 AM 1 comments

The 15 Most Important UNIX commands

The 15 Most Important UNIX commands 1. man - show manual for a command, example: man ls hit q to exit the man page. 2. cd - change directory, example: cd /etc/ 3. ls - list directory, similar to dir on windows. example: ls /etc, use ls -l /etc to see more detail 4. cp - copy a file or directory, example: cp source dest if you want to copy a directory use the -R option for recursive: cp -R /source
/dest

5. mv - move a file, example: mv source dest 6. rm - remove a file, example: rm somefile to remove a directory you may need the -R option, you can also use the -f option which tells it not to confirm each file: rm -Rf /dir 7. cat - concatenate, or output a file cat /var/log/messages 8. more - outputs one page of a file and pauses. example: more /var/log/messages press q to exit before getting to the bottom. You can also pipe to more | more from other commands, for example ls -l /etc | more 9. scp - secure copy, copies a file over SSH to another server. example:scp /local/file user@host.com:/path/to/save/file

10. tar - tape archiver, tar takes a bunch of files, and munges them into one .tar file, the files are often compressed with the gzip algorithm, and use the .tar.gz extension. to create a tar tar -cf archive.tar /directory, then to extract the archive to the current directory runtar -xf archive.tar to use gzip, just add a z to the options, to create a tar.gz: tar -czf archive.tar.gz /dir to extract it tar -xzf archive.tar.gz 11. grep - pattern matcher, grep takes a regular expression, or to match a simple string you can use fast grep, fgrep failure /var/log/messages, I'm usually just looking for a simple pattern so I tend to use fgrep more than regular grep. 12. find - lists files and directories recursively on a single line, I usually pipe grep into the mix when I use find, eg: find / | fgrep
log

13. tail - prints the last few lines of a file, this is handy for checking log files tail /var/log/messages if you need see more lines, use the -noption, tail -n 50 /var/log/messages you can also use the -f option, which will continuously show you the end of the file as things are added to it (very handy for watching logs) tail -f
/var/log/messages

14. head - same as tail, but shows the first few lines the file 15. vi - text editor, there are several text editors such as emacs, and nano, but vi is usually installed on any server so its a good one to learn. To edit a file type vi file to edit a line press Esc i then to save changes and exit use Esc wq, or to quit without saving use Esc q!. There are a million other commands, but that will enable you to edit files at a basic level.