CHAPTER 1

1. INTRODUCTION Today the accident avoidance system is an important thing in order to avoid the accident due to drunken driving. Our project is Intellectual accident avoidance system which controls the prevention of accident and driver safety. It consists of two applications such as security and safety. PIC16F877A microcontroller and sensor and keypad are used. 1.1 OVERVIEW OF PROJECT Our project Intellectual Accident Avoidance System using alcohol sensor in embedded system. In which the accident occur by drunken drive and inefficiency of knowledge about that vehicle is prevent by this system. The four wheelers are mostly used vehicles for long travelling by everyone in any time. The driver may have drunken state at the time. Alcohol sensor is a gas sensor and which is used to sense the gas i.e. if the driver is in drunken state. It gives information to the microcontroller and it will not allow the driver to start the vehicle or change it to minimum speed level i.e. 20km/hr. The security system which is produced by a particular password is gives the security of the vehicle from thiefs and make sure that the correct person is driving the car from the keypad function we can get the password and secure the car from inefficiency driving. 1.2 EMBEDDED SYSTEM An embedded system is a special purpose computer controlled Electro-mechanical system in which the computer is completely encapsulated by the device it controls. An embedded system has specific requirements and pre-defined tasks, unlike a general purpose personal computer.The core of any embedded system is a microprocessor, programmed to perform a few tasks. This is to be compared to other computer systems with general purpose hardware and externally loaded software. Embedded systems are often designed for mass production.

The utility if the end product is the goal when designing an embedded system, not the capability of the embedded computer itself. Embedded products are typically sold on the basis of capabilities, features and system cost rather than which CPU is used in them or cost/performance of the CPU.

1.2.1 FEATURES OF EMBEDDED SYSTEM

High performance Low power consumption More compact Reduced design and development time Reduced cost and memory

CHAPTER 2 2. BLOCK DAIGRAM

Key pad Alcohol Sensor

PIC16F877A Microcontroller

Motor 1

Relay

Vehicle Model

Motor 2

Relay

FIGURE 1.1 GENERAL BLOCK DIAGRAM

2.1 TWO SECTIONS 2.1.1 INPUT SECTION The microcontrollers input sections are Alcohol sensor Interfacing unit Keypad input Alarm Power supply

2.1.2 OUTPUT SECTION The output from the microcontroller is directed into the motor Motor Relay DC Motor Power supply Speed control module 2.2 MICROCONTROLLER

A microcontroller is a small computer on a single integrated circuit containing a processor core, memory, and programmable input/output peripherals. Program memory in the form of NOR flash or OTP ROM is also often included on chip, as well as a typically small amount of RAM. Microcontrollers are designed for embedded applications, in contrast to the microprocessors used in personal computers or other general purpose applications. Microcontrollers are used in automatically controlled products and devices, such as automobile engine control systems, implantable medical devices, remote controls, office machines, appliances, power tools, and toys. By reducing the size and cost compared to a design that uses a separate microprocessor, memory, and input/output devices, microcontrollers make it economical to digitally control even more devices and processes. Mixed signal microcontrollers are common, integrating analog components needed to control non-digital electronic systems.