Bi ging compact disc

CHNG 1: GII THIU MY PHT A COMPACT

1.1 Cc loi my my pht a Compact My CD gia nh: -My ht a compact gia nh s dng ngun in xoay chiu, n trng ging nh my cassette, thng c th np a vo mt trc hoc mt trn ca my. Mt s my CD t ng c th ht nhiu a -My CD dng trn xe hi: My ht compact dng trn xe hi ngy nay ang tr nn ph binrng ri v c cc hng lp t vo niu t mi. My CD ny c th ly tn hiu CD a cc b phn khc nh: my casstte, ampli. - My CD xch tay: Hu ht cc my CD xch tay u c dng chung vi 1 ng nghe stereo, my CD ny c th dng ngun Ac hoc Acquy hot ng. - My CD: My ht a compact sn xut theo kiu kt hp Radio vi nhiu loi khc nhau. Ngoi ra cn c cc my CD rt thong dng hin nay nh: VCD, SVCD, DVD, DVCD * Cc bin php bo qun: Phi s dng ng in p c cho bi nh sn xut S dung a khng cong, vnh, bi bn.. Bo qun khi vn chuyn bng vt an ton khi u quang nm ng v tr. Cc chip in t v nht kl diode lazer l cc linh kin kh bo qun rt nhy cm vi tnh in v in th cao nn phi rt thn trng trong vic trong vic sa cha.

* Cc bin php an ton: Phi kim tra dng r sau khi sa cha bng cch th ngui v th nng. + Th ngui: Rt phch cm in ngun, ni tt 2 u phch cm, t v tr cng tt ngun l ON. Dng m k: ! que o ti u phch cm, que cn li t vo sn my, nu in tr ln hn 1M hay nh hn 5,2 M th my cn phi hiu chnh li. + Th nng: o dng r gia t v tt c cc b phn kim loi bn ngoi ca my 0,5mA. Lun gi mt cch xa tia lazer 1 khong ti thiu l 30cm. Trong khi my ang hot ng nu nhn vo thu khnh th mt c th b nguy him nn cn t a vo khay a trc khi sa cha. * Cc phm iu khin L cc phm c b tr trc mt my hoc trn Remote control iu khin cc chc nng nh: play, stop, next.
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Bi ging compact disc

1.2 S khi: 1.2.1 S nguyn l

C hm lazer TK (iess)

C hm Lazer phn chiu Photo Pikup

Lazer

R FA MP

D-R AM

Kch hot Lazer

N m khi x l /h t X l Tn hiu C huyn i D/A

Audio L

A udio R Motor c tin Servo hi t S ervo tracking iu khin Motor a quay

H in th

iu khin h thng

MD

Pow er

C c phm chc nng

1.2.2 Nguyn l vn hnh: Chm tia lazer c pht ra t nhng diode lazer t trong khi di quang. Chum tia ngang qua 1 h thu knh ( Khi di quang) v hi t trn mt a CD. n CD chum tia phn x tr li ri chiu vo nhng cm bin quang (photo transistor hoc phto diode ) ngang qua h thu knh. Ng ra bin thp ca b cm bin quang c a n mch khuch i (preamp) lc v sa dng ri a v IC kch hot lazer. Khi x l tn hiu nhn dng cc tn hiu s mc 0 hoc 1 v x l thng tin a v ng b, iu khin v audio sau mi a n cc mch sa sai ( error corection) v gii m a n cc ng ra chnh. Hai ng ra l cc tn hiu Audio knh tri ( L ) v knh phi ( R), ng ra th 3 l tn hiu iu khin mch motor quay a, ng ra th 4 l tn hiu iu khin
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Ng ra ny cng c ghp cc mch x l tn hiu. -

Bi ging compact disc

chm tia lazer trn CD d a vo khi iu khin h thng ri a n mch iu khin servo. Mch Servo gm: Servo hi t v Servo vt ghi c nhim v chuyn dch khi di quang sao cho chum tia lun lun hi t trn mt a v gi cho chum tia hi t ng trn ct ghi. Khi phm chc nng nhn v gii m tt c ng vo t phm, chuyn thnh cc lnh cho khi hin th v khi iu khin h thng.

1.2.3 Phn tch s khi my VCD/MP3 Trung Quc hiu Cali S khi
RFAMP DSP
DATA LR CK BCK

Focus Servo Motor c tin

Spindle motor

Tracking Servo

Sled Servo MDA Motor a quay

Spindle Servo

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RAM ROM

MPEG 1 Decoder ES 3210

DA SCK

RGB DAC

STROBE

DATA

IR IN

DA LRCK BCK DAC DATA

Audio DAC ES 3207

Mic + + L R

DISLAY Keydecode Power

Phn tch + Khi ngun: to in p cho cc mch trong my Ngun 5V: cp cho cc mch: MDA, gii m lnh, Servo, OSC, gii n hnh. Ngun 8V: cp cho mch MDA in p: -22V cp cho n hin th ( i vi loi s dng LCD khng s dng ngun)

+ Khi c: Khi c dng trn cc my VCD/MP3 c cu trc hon ton ging cc my CD. Trn h c ngi ta b tr h thng dch chuyn u c, h thng xoay mm a, Trn h c ngi ta cn bi tr cc kha in t bo hiu tnh trng cu h c v tr: open, close. Kha LMT khng ch tm hot ng ca ng c dch chuyn u c khi u c di chuyn vo v tr trong cng Trong h c gm c cc loi ng c sau: - Simple motor: ng c quay a vn tc bin thin t: 500 vng/pht ( khi u c tin v tr trong cng) xung 200 vng/pht (khi u c tin v tr ngoi cng). - Loading motor: a khay a vo/ra. - Sled motor: di chuyn u c tin. + Khi iu khin, x l tn hiu gm: Mch iu khin motor c tin Mch iu khin motor quay a
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Bi ging compact disc

Mch x l tn hiu m thanh, hnh nh. Mch x l cc tn hiu iu khin.

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Bi ging compact disc

CHNG 2: A COMPACT DISC

2.1 Cu to a compact: Trong my ht a compact disc, d liu ghi c ly ra bng chm tia lazer bn dn m khng cn tip xc ln a v dc chuyn thnh tn hiu analog.

Lp bc phn quang

Lp bo v

Lp Plastic cha thng tin

Vt ghi d liu Vt ghi gm nhng bit trn CD

a compact gm 3 lp vt liu khc nhau: cht liu plastic trong sut cha thng tin c cc vt l gi l bit v phn o gi l island ca thng tin dng s. Mt lp trng bng nhm hay bng bc phn x c ghp trn mt a. Tip theo l 1 lp bo v bng nha acrylic c ghp trn lp trng ny v nm trn cng. Nhn a c dn ln b mt ny. Khong cch gia 2 bit: 0,4. di 1 bit: 0,9 n 3,3. Khong cch gia 2 track: 1,6. 2.1.1 Nguyn tc ghi pht CD: Khi pht a compact theo k thut s phc hi tn hiu trung thc hn hn loi kim a, ch c tia lazer chiu ln mt CD m khng trc tip chm vo i CD. + Nguyn tc ghi CD: Chm tia lazer do tn hiu audio iu bin thin ( lm thay i cng ) chiu ln lp quang tr ca CD to ra cc ng ghi gm nhng vt li, lm. Theo tnh ton l thuyt mi CD c khong 2,5 t pit ghi trn cc track.
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Chm tia lazer di ng t vng tm a ra vng ngoi bin trong lc a quay lm thnh nhng vng track ng tm phn b u trn mt CD. Do cng chm tia ti mi im trn lp quang tr thay i nn khi chiu mnh voth to ra cc pit hoc island. Mi pit tng ng vi s 1, mi island tng ng vi s 0. Tm li ghi CD l dng tia lazer chiu ln mt a l lp quang tr ch khng trc tip c xt vo a to ra nhng rnh lin tc vi b rng rnh thay i nh loi a pick-up c. + Nguyn tc pht CD Thng tin digital audio ghi ln a di dng cc pit v island s c chm tia lazer chuyn i thnh tn hiu s gi l EFM -

Motor a quay lm quay CD vi tc ( 500v/p 200v/p) do 1 h servo n tc. Motor c tin di chuyn u lazer t tm ra bin a trong lc CD ang quay. u lazer pht ra chm lazer chiu ln cc track ri phn chiu xung 1 h thng thu knh trong u lazer. Cui cng u lazer phn chiu ri ln chm photodiode ly ra tn hiu EFM.Tn hiu EFM c x l a n mch D/A conceter nhn c tn hiu EFM mnh nht cn phi: + Motor c tin phi c iu khin bng servo di quang. + Chm tia phi hi t ng trn mt CD + Chm tia phi chiu ng ln cc vt ghi ca CD

2.2 S dng a compact disc:

-

Cm a ti vng bin, khng nn s hoc lm t mt a. Mt a cha thng tin nn cn phi gi tht sch Khi i bn nn dng vi mm lau, ch phi lau t tm ra ngoi vng bin. Mun ko di tui th cn phi bo qun cn thn, nu a b cong hoc vnh => tia lazer s khng hi t chnh xc trn mt a , nu a b st c th s mt thng tin lu trn a. a CD khng nn t ni qu nng hoc qu lnh hoc nhng ni c nh nng, m cao

* S dng b lau a compact disc: B chi a l 1 a CD c s ha vi 1 cc chi cc mn gn trn a CD khi CD quay chi mn s lau sch cc thu knh trong b phn quang. B chi a cng c th xa vt nhe, lau sch bi bn trn a CD.

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CHNG 3: KHI U QUANG

Khi u quang l 1 b phn rt phc tp v chnh xc rt cao. Khi u quang gm c cc thnh phn: vt knh, cun dy hi t, cun dy vch, thu knh chun trc, b tch tia, knh bn trong sut, diode cm quang, diode gim st v diode pht tin lazer. 3.1 Cu to khi u quang 3.1.1.Diode cm quang: Cc diode cm quang nhn tn hiu EFM t a v c a vo mch khuch i RF, bn cnh vic cung cp tn hiu EFM cc diode cm quang ( A, B ,C, D) cn cung cp tn hiu sai lch vt ghi, do tn hiu EFM rt yu nn cn mch khuch i tng bin tn hiu EFM. Diode cm quang iu khin vt ghi E&F cung cp tn hiu sai lch vt ghi iu chnh lch ghp chm tia hi t ng vt ghi Diode pht tia lazer: pht ra 1 chm tia sang iu chnh tia hi t ng cc vt ghi trn mt a. Diode lazer cng pht tia n diode gim st trong khi u quang. Dng in ngun nh sang pht sinh c hi tip n ng vo m ca mch khuch i thut ton duy tr cng tia lazer ra khng i. 3.1.2 B phn quang: - B nhiu x: B phn ny bin chm tia lazer thnh 3 tia: 1 tia chnh v 2 tia ph pht hin ra s sai lch hi t ca chm tia lazer ln c vt ghi trn CD. - Bn lng knh v b phn hi t: Bn lng knh c tc dng phn cc thng, b phn tia c tc dng vi phn cc vng. Bn lng knh ch cho qua 50% ngun tia, nh vy khi nh sang n diode cm quang ch cn 25%. - Thu knh chun trc: bin chm tia thnh 1 dng chm tia song song vi nhau. - Phin /4 Phin ny c tc dng chuyn thnh nh sng phn cc thng thnh nh sng phn cc vng. V nh sng phn cc vng thnh nh sng phn cc thng. - Vt knh: C nhim v hi t chm tia lazer trn mt a, c iu khin bi 2 cun dy: cun hi t v cun vt ghi - Thu knh lm: co 1nhim v lm gim l trnh ca nh sng. - Thu knh hnh tr: bin chm tia lazer thnh dng elip thng ng. 3.2 S hot ng ca tia lazer ti to li tn hiu m ha, my CD s dng chm tia lazer c ng knh 1,6m. Bng cch quay a v chiu tia lazer trn cc vt l, diode cm quang nhn bit

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Bi ging compact disc

c s c mt hay khng c mt cc vt l trong 1 chu k thi gian quy nh. S thay i trong tia sng phn ng cc tn hiu ghi. Ngun pht tia lazer l diode lazer c bc sng 780nm chm tia pht ra t diode lazer c chia thnh 3 tia. Ba tia ny i qua bn lng knh trong sut to thnh chm tia song song qua thu knh chun trc c lng knh khc x qua vt knh v c hi t trn a s c d liu ca a, nh sng hi t trn a s c d liu ca a, sau phn x di ngc v vt knh v thu knh chun trc qua bn knh trong sut v thu knh tr sau tia lazer chiu vo diode cm quang. c s thng hang khi c s bin ng v lch a theo hang dc vt knh di chuyn ln xung, qua tri, qua phi chui vt l trn a lun lun ng im hi t. * o th khi u quang: Vt ghi ca khi u quang yu hay khng chnh xc c th do cc linh kin ngoi khi, ngun in th khng ng hoc khi u quang km cht lng gy ra. C th dng thit b o dng, th, ng h o nh sng hay cc b ch th khc kim tra khi u quang. ng h o cng nh sng nn c s dng trong php chnh diode lazer ti hn. Php o th dng v th thc hin ngang qua in tr c nh trong mch diode lazer nhng khng trc tip trn diode lazer, khng nn nhn vo khi u quang khi thc hin cc php o th ny.
1 Lazer diode

0,48 0,84 V

VOM
n EFM 12 10 p

+5V
Tr s in th 0,48 0,84V tng ng vi dng 48 84 mA: y l mc an ton.

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CHNG 4: CC MCH NGUN NUI

4.1 Ngun n p tuyn tnh Nhim v : Mch n p tuyn tnh c nhim v => To ra in p u ra n nh v bng phng, khng ph thuc vo in p vo , khng ph thuc vo dng in tiu th

S tng qut mch n p tuyn tnh - in p vo l ngun DC khng n nh v cn gn xoay chiu. - in p ra l ngun DC n nh v bng phng - Mch ly mu l ly ra mt phn in p u ra, in p ly mu tng gim t l vi in p u ra . - Mch to p chun : l to ra mt in p c nh - Mch d sai : so snh in p ly mu vi in p chun pht hin s bin i in p u ra v khuch i thnh in p iu khin quay li iu chnh m ca n cng xut, nu in p gim th p iu khin , Khin cho n cng xut dn mnh, v ngc li . - n cng xut : khuch i v dng in v gi cho in p ra c nh . * S chi tit ca mch n p tuyn tnh

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Mch n p tuyn tnh trong Ti vi Samsung 359R - Mach to p ly mu gm R5, VR1, R6 , in p ly mu c a vo cc B n Q2 . - Mch to p chun gm Dz v R4, in p chun a vo cc E n Q2 - Q2 l n d sai , so snh hai in p ly mu v in p chun to ra in p iu khin a qua R3 iu khin hot ng ca n cng xut Q1 - Q1 l n cng xut - R1 l in tr phn dng - T 2200F l t lc ngun chnh . * Nguyn tc n p nh sau : Gi s khi in p vo tng hoc dng tiu th gim => in p ra tng ln => in p chun tng nhiu hn in p ly mu => lm cho in p UBE n Q2 gim => n Q2 dn gim => dng qua R3 gim => n Q1 dn gim ( v dng qua R3 l dng nh thin cho n Q1 ) => kt qu l in p ra gim xung, vng iu chnh ny din ra trong thi gian rt nhanh so vi thi gian bin thin ca in p, v vy in p ra c c tuyn gn nh bng phng.Trng hp in p ra gim th mch iu chnh theo chiu hng ngc li. 4.2 Ngun ngt m 4.2.1 Hot ng ngun s cp Khi mi cp in AC cho my, mch ngun Switching s bt u hot ng, qu trnh hot ng ca mch c m t nh sau: in p DC pha s cp n mch kch bao gm cc in tr R520, R521, R522, R526 v C515 khin transistor V512 dn, dng in trn cun (3), (7) ca bin p xung bin i theo s np ca t C515, khi t np y in tch, V512 ngng dn v V513 dn bo h, nng lng ca t s cp s cm ng qua cun th cp (1), (2) to xung

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kch ban u cho V513, transistor V513 ngt m lin tc, qu trnh hot ng ng m phn s cp mch ngun bt u. 4.2.2 Hot ng n p Hot ng n p ngun trn my c thc hin bi transistor V553 kt hp vi OPTO N501, khi p +110V ng ra thay i, p phn cc cho transistor V553 thay i , phn cc OPTO b thay i theo, dn in ca V511 thay i, khng ch thi gian tt/m ca V512, V513. in p ng ra c iu chnh theo hng n nh nht, ta thy khi bin tr RP551 chnh ln trn, p cc B ( V553) cng cao, V553 dn cng mnh, OPTO dn mnh do p chn (2) gim, V512 dn mnh, V513 dn cng yu, p th cp cng gim, hay ni cch khc bt c nguyn nhn no lm N501 dn cng yu th in p ng ra cng tng. in p phn cc cho N501 tn ti nh in tr R555 = 47K v R115 (R556) = 22K .

22 K * 110V = 35(V ) 22 K + 47 K

4.2.3 Hot ng tt/m bng ngun vi x l: tng thc hin m ngun bng vi x l: ngi ta thc hin tt m ngun bng cch khng ch: + Hot ng OPTO: dn yu hay mnh khi c lnh tc ng . + Hot ng ON/OFF ca V551 ( cp ng +24V ), V544 ( cp ngun cho IC n p 7812( N551). * Khi hot ng ch POWER OFF in p +115V ti th cp bin p ngun cha xut hin y , tuy nhin ngun +5V vn xut hin ti chn (12) IC N701, chn (7) l chn to lnh m ngun, khi chn ny mc cao, lm cho transistor V703 dn V552 tt VD562 tt V581 dn V580 dn diode bn trong N501 dn phototransistor dn mnh V511 dn mnh ( phototransistor v V511 to nn cp transistor ghp Dalington) V512 dn mnh V513 dn yu ngun ra cun th cp T511 gim mnh. * Khi hot ng ch POWER ON Khi chn (7) N701 mc thp, V703 tt V552 dn, xy ra ba qu trnh song song song nhau: + VD562 dn V581 tt V580 tt, V512, V513 chu s tc ng ca mch n p, cc mc in p ti ng ra T511 xut hin bnh thng. + V551 dn in p B4 (+24V) xut hin cp cho transistor H-driver IC cng sut dc. + V554 dn in p B6 ( +12V) xut hin cp cho chn (16), (25).

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CHNG 5: CC MCH IN TN HIU

5.1 Mch khuch i RF 5.1.1 S nguyn l:
5V +V

1k

1k DIODE 22k + DIODE + DIODE + DIODE OPAMP5 10k OPAMP5 OPAMP5 10k

1k

5.1.2 Nguyn l hot ng: - Khi khng c nh sng chiu vo, diode quang c phn cc nghch, dng in ngc rt b. Khi c nh sng chiu vo, dng in tng t l vi cng nh sng chiu vo. - Mch khuch i RF 1&2 c bin i thnh cc dng in th da vo mch tn hiu ca diode cm quang qua in tr 58 K. Dng in ca diode cm quang c a vo b khuch i thut ton. - Tn hiu ng ra ca cc diode cm quang c ly ng ra ca b khuch i thut ton 3. Mch K RF s dng IC CAx2550.

V.out

4 diode Cm quang

IC CAX2550 5
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5.2 Mch in chnh cng tia lazer. Mc ch gi cho cng tia lazer ng ra 1 mc khng i * S mch
+V 5V 1k 1k ZENER 1k 1k DI OD E OPAMP5 DIODE 5V +V 5V +V

5V +V

1k

1k

PNP

1k 1k 1k NPN

Tr s dng ILD ( dng qua led pht quang) nm trong khong 50 80 mA. Khi diode bnh thng, tr s dng ILD trong mi u quang c nh trc xut xng v c ch r bi con s c 3 ch s bn dng. V d: 691 ch nh dng in l 69,1 mA Dng din o c khc vi tr s dng ny khong hn 10% cho bit diode lazer km phm cht. Tia lazer cng c chiu ln diode gim st bn trong khi u quang. Dng in o c khc vi tr s ny khong hn 10% cho bit diode lazer km phm cht 5.3 Mch x l tn hiu IC x l tn hiu thng bao gm cc mch pht nh thi, EFM, ty ng CLV, hiu chnh lch. Ngoi cc mch in bn trong, IC x l cn kt ni vi cc mch
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bn ngoi nh: VCD ( dao ng iu khin bi in p), mch iu khin motor quay e, RAM v mch iu khin h thng. Tn hiu RF hay HF c a vo IC x l tn hiu c s iu chnh nh thi ri a n mch chuyn i DA v n cc mch iu khin ty ng. S sp xp li cc tn hiu c mch ny m nhn c tc ng c bit i vi s tn tht tn hiu, dng din9 m thanh c a n lien tc ln xn nhng c b phn x l sp xp li trt t v ng vi tn hiu m thanh ghi trn a. Trong h thng to li, cc tn hiu ny dc phc ch thep phng php ngc vi phng php a vo. phc ch c tn hiu d liu ghi trong b nh RAM. B so snh in th: Mch so snh in th IFM i tn hiu RF thnh gi trnh phn. Khi c s khng i xng do c s bin dng trong qu trnh sn xut a hang lot c th lai b c bng cch ch cho ghp ni ring cc thnh phn tn hiu AC, in th chun ca b so th EFm c diu chnh bng cch li dng kh nng to ra ca mi mc 1 v mc 0 l 50% cc tn hiu nh phn EFM. Do b so th l mch kha, mi mt in th trong cc mc H&L khng tng ng vi in th ngun nui nn cn c dng hi tip mch in CMOS. Mch lm lch hi t Chm tia t khi u quang phi duy tr hi t trn b mt a c chnh xc thng tin. Khi hi t trn a b lch, h ty dng hi t s di vt knh ln hay xung iu chnh. Khi chm tia lazer c ri t hp qua thu knh n c dn ra v sau v tr thnh 1 vng trn hon ho, khi chm tia lazer phn chiu t a n c lng knh a trc tip vo thu knh tr v sau vo diode cm quang, ti y n tch ra thnh 4 vng trn. Nhng tn hiu ra t 4 diode quang ny c a vo mch khuch i lm lnh v to nn in th ra bng 0. Mch lm lch hi t c b tr d nhng thay i khong cch t diode cm quang n a nh m bo chm tia lazer hi t chnh xc trn mt a. Mch lm lch ng ghi: Mch lm lch ng ghi to ra tn hiu lm lch mt khi chm tia di chuyn ra khi vt l. Tn hiu lm lch ny m bo chm tia lazer d vch chnh xc cc vt l. Cc mch lm lch ng ghi nm trong IC tin khuch i RF hoc IC x l tn hiu EFM. Nu tia lazer c khuynh hng di chuyn ra khi vt l phn x trong cc tia ph thay i ty vo chiu lch cc tia ph phn x c cc diode quang E & F nm trong khi quang to ra v cc tn hiu in v cc sai lch c thu nh l tn hiu lm lch ng ghi. Mch in gm 3 b phn khuch i thut ton, diode quang E&F c bin tr VR lm cn bng v tc dng ng ghi c loi b. Tn hiu t 2 diode E&F vo 2 chn 7&8 ca IC 301 sau a ra tn hiu lm lch trcking TE chn 11 qua R150 vo chn 41 ca IC 401 sau xut ra 2 chn 31 & 32. Tn hiu ra TFDR v TRDD a vo chn 9 & 10 v cui cng xut ra chn 12 & 13 ca IC 402.
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5.4 Mch x l tn hiu Audio

Khi u quang

K RF

B lc s

Chuyn i D/A

Audio out

X l tn hiu dng s
Tn hiu RF t 4 diodecm quang v cc diode vt ghi c a vo mch K RF. Tn hiu qua RF a n IC x l t ng ri a n b x l tn hiu s. Tn hiu EFM c a n b lc s ri n b chuyn i D/A chia i tn hiu dng s a n mch x l audio.

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5.5 Mch x l tn hiu Video

KS22B A B C D

DSP Preamp DATA LRCK BCK

Video Mpeg ROM DECODE

VIDEO

G B DAC
Y. OUT

C. OUT

Tn hiu ly ra t khi u quangc cp cho khi RF Amp, ng ra cc khi ny l RF cp cho khi DSP. Khi DSP a ra cc tn hiu DATA, BCK, LRCK cp cho kh gii nn Video, ng ra khi gii nn Video l d liu 8 bit cp cho khi RGb DAC khi ny a ra cc tn hiu hnh hn hp ( Video, Y out, C out)

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CHNG 6: H THNG TY NG
6.1 Mch ty ng hi t
5V +V

1k

1k 1k 1u F 1k OPAMP 5

O PAM P5

1k

OPA MP 5 1k

1k

1u F

Chm tia t khi u quang phi duy tr hi t trn b mt a c chnh xc thng tin. Khi hi t trn a b lch, h ty dng hi t s di vt knh ln hay xung iu chnh. Khi chm tia lazer c ri t hp qua thu knh n c dn ra v sau v tr thnh 1 vng trn hon ho, khi chm tia lazer phn chiu t a n c lng knh a trc tip vo thu knh tr v sau vo diode cm quang, ti y n tch ra thnh 4 vng trn. Nhng tn hiu ra t 4 diode quang ny c a vo mch khuch i lm lnh v to nn in th ra bng 0. Mch lm lch hi t c b tr d nhng thay i khong cch t diode cm quang n a nh m bo chm tia lazer hi t chnh xc trn mt a.

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6.2 Mch ty ng vt ghi

5V +V

1k

1uF

1k

OPAMP5

1k

1k 1uF 10k 1,2,3 + OPAMP5 1k

OPAMP5

Tn hiu TE ( lm lch ng ghi) qua bin tr VR iu chnh li trc khi a vo cc (+) ca Opamp 1. Tn hiu i qua ng mch khuch i thut tonb pha Opamp 1, ng ra qua 1 mch khuch i thut ton b pha Opamp 2 khc. Tn hiu ra t Opamp 2 qua Opamp 3 khuch i dng in a vo cun dy vch ca u quang iu khin vt knh. Cc thnh phn R5, R12, C2, C3 iu chnh li ly tn s qua chn: kha in trung gian, p tuyn tn s c th c iu chnh theo TG1 kt hp vi C 5 cc mch kha in ny c kch do vic nhy d vt v tm c vt lm n nh h ty ng vt ghi. Mch T2C lm pht sinh tn hiu nh thi bt tt ty ng vt ghi theo s hot ng nhy d hay khi s lng cc vt l c n cng tn hiu phn chiu trong thi gian tm c vt. Cc thnh phn tn s thp trong tn hiu TE c C v R loi b trc khi tn hiu a vo Opamp 3. Kha in TM1 bt ln ngt mch vng ty ng cng lc vi cc kha in TM3, TM4.
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6.3 Mch ty ng c thng tin:

10 +V 13V +V

270k + OPAMP5 NPN 18k + PNP 15k 1k -10

Motor c tin cng dc vn hnh t IC ty ng trong hu ht cc my CD Mch iu khin motor c thng tin dng di khi u quang ra khi pha bin ngoi ca a gi vt knh khng x dch theo ng tmca trc quay.

+V

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CHNG 7: MCH IU KHIN H THNG

7.1 Chc nng iu khin h thng

Cc chn lnh ca vi x l Nhim v chnh ca vi x l l to ra cc lnh iu khin, iu khin cc hot ng ca my nh : + iu khin tt m cao p + iu khin tng gim sng, tng phn, m lng, chuyn h mu h ting . + iu khin d knh v nh knh + iu khin to hin th trn mn hnh . iu kin vi x l hot ng

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Cc yu t cn thit cho vi x l hot ng vi x l hot ng c cn c : * in p Vcc 5V vi sai s < 10% * Thch anh to dao ng * Xung Reset xut hin khi mi bt my * Cc phm bm khng b d, khng b chp . Nu sau khi kim tra cc iu kin cho vi x l c m vn khng c lnh Power xut hin th ta phi thay th IC vi x l . 7.2 S khi

V.out Khi nhn Tn hiu Khi x l Tn hiu Khi K

Mch bn phm

Dao ng

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Mch bn phm c nhim v nhn dng cc phm v a n khi x l tn hiu. Khi x l tn hiu c nhim v gii m cc tn hiu t bn phm v thc hin cc chc nng ca ph. Khi khuch i c nhim v khuch i tn hiu ln a n cc mch iu khin h thng. Dao ng: c nhim v to xung clock cung cp cho khi x l tn hiu.

7.3 Cc mch iu khin h thng in hnh 7.3.1 Mch iu khin tn hiu Analog Mch vi x l Analog l cc mch nh ta bit, cc lnh ra l in p dng Analog ngha l in p thay i t 0V n 5V hoc in p trng thi 0V v 5V, trong IC ny khi a ra cc lnh chng c i t dng s Digital thnh dng Analog thng qua mch D-A Converter trong IC vi x l .

IC vi x l thng thng a ra cc lnh dng in p Analog

7.3.2 Mch iu khin tn hiu Digital y l mch vi x l trong cc my hin nay, mch vi x l ny khng a ra cc lnh thng thng m ch a ra hai ng tn hiu s Data v Clock, hai tn hiu s ny s i ti cc IC chc nng v ti IC chc nng s thit k cc mch i D-A Converter i cc tn hiu s ny thnh cc lnh in p Analog, vi cch thit k ny s lm cho s lng mch in trn v my gim i n mc ti thiu, ngoi ra ngi ta c th tng s lng cc lnh ln tu thay th cc chc nng chnh ph, do trong cc my c rp IC vi x l ny s khng cn xut hin cc bin tr na, vic cn chnh nh cn bng trng, chnh AGC, chnh chiu cao hnh v .v .. ta phi thc hin bng phng php chnh Service ( phng php chnh Service c cp chng sau )

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Mch vi x l Digital trong cc Ti vi hin nay Lu : mt s lnh nh lnh Power , lnh AV vn c th ra trc tip t IC vi x l .

IC nh Memory c nhim v nh li cc mc lnh hoc trng thi ca lnh sau khi ta iu chnh, nh cc knh sau khi ta nh knh .

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MC LC
Trang CHNG 1: GII THIU MY PHT A COMPACT.............................................1
1.1 Cc loi my my pht a Compact.....................................................................................1 1.2 S khi:.............................................................................................................................2

CHNG 2: A COMPACT DISC...............................................................................6

2.1 Cu to a compact:.............................................................................................................6 2.2 S dng a compact disc:.....................................................................................................7

CHNG 3: KHI U QUANG..................................................................................8

3.1 Cu to khi u quang.........................................................................................................8 3.2 S hot ng ca tia lazer....................................................................................................8

CHNG 4: CC MCH NGUN NUI...................................................................10

4.1 Ngun n p tuyn tnh.......................................................................................................10

CHNG 5: CC MCH IN TN HIU.................................................................13

5.1 Mch khuch i RF............................................................................................................13 5.2 Mch in chnh cng tia lazer....................................................................................14 5.3 Mch x l tn hiu..............................................................................................................14 5.4 Mch x l tn hiu Audio..................................................................................................16 5.5 Mch x l tn hiu Video...................................................................................................17

CHNG 6: H THNG TY NG.........................................................................18

6.1 Mch ty ng hi t...........................................................................................................18 6.2 Mch ty ng vt ghi.........................................................................................................19 6.3 Mch ty ng c thng tin:.............................................................................................20

CHNG 7: MCH IU KHIN H THNG.........................................................21

7.1 Chc nng iu khin h thng ..........................................................................................21 7.2 S khi ...........................................................................................................................22 7.3 Cc mch iu khin h thng in hnh............................................................................23

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