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fd hdG LG Qj G

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q Qe Y dG JG bh ,eqG eG
W O``h e
dG cJ EG Sh dG dh ,dG Y J dGh SCG
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hdG ``D` G ```Y ``e``f``H H ````G 2012 ```d ```f`````d
Y ``dG 2012 je 25-24 e IdG ``N dGh d
e ``c ````LG G ``q `e ``bh ,SG ```c``dG UdG
H GY IOSh G Y SdG S H IOS
G e jdG LG bf bh .G Y de BG MCG
hdG Dd IgdG N UCG ":GH M q gCG eqG
e eGG d dH gCGh Ffh dGh d
UG G h ,q dG q adG e G JGSG jJh
f LG VSG dGh d hdG DG N dH
``f````dG QhOh dG ``b``YEGh q dG ``q `a``dG Y AdG
WGdG dG eh ,Ge e LCG e G OjEG
.dH q G dG cGdG e IOSG IOjRh
QhOh dGh d hdG DG N aBG LG bf c
FEG QWEG e Ac hdG DG N J G G
dGh d hdG DG efH XJ YG QhOh G
d G eh 2050 Y H FEG WCG be IQd
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G OQG``eh bEG jdG ``jRh e H bSh .G
cJ QhG e jdG iQdG AYCG IOdG UCG eCG
IQGRdG N q j S dGh ,bEG jdG b M q gCG
VhCGh dG ``jh dG dG T ebEG Sd
W EG edG eG IO``YEG IQGR``dG OLh ,a edG
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FG OQGG Y G IQGRdG N q Gh G OQGe bh
FG OhdG ``e``bEGh gCJh ``aCG fU ``N e
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.q G YEG FSh Y Jh q Y G J Sh
q G G Jh ``e``G Y ``bh G``g
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IOS SFH d HdG Id ,(2012-2011 )hCG dG
AYCG IOdG UCG QHh dG FQ UdG Y H M
dG IOS LG e k fL M bh ,dG Xeh dG
.iQdG FQ G g H dN
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q G OQG``eh bEG jdG ``jRh
e jdG Y WGh
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q G G Jh eG qCG dG FQ IOS cPh
jRh e e bJ S dG QhG VJ dGR e H
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2012 je 27 aGG `g1433 LQ e 6 MCG

`````````````SdG Vj QGh NGdG e AGN

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G Jh dG J Y IQOb IjL P GSG Vj ObG bGdG :FdG
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Tf Lh Y GQhCG e gZh ,MdG dG SEGh
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d ```eCG XdG d J jW ``WQ``N Sd ,ObG
.ObG jdG SS eSEG Jh OQGG
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J Ya SS EG Ld QGdG U bhQCG EG jW
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dG HjEG
FQ ``H``G S ``H j e ``cCG ,L ``eh
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MCG bf M ,be J dG jdG gCGh b Y a
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eb e CH de HJh .a dG IOYEG Lj aGgCG
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Y Seh ee eG dH dG IQG OG CG c
Y VdGh GdG L Y OHG Lj ,jG L
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.G G b
ch ``KQ``G h```M ``H S IO````S O``` TCG ,``JGP dG h
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Ljh ,GR`` EGh dG YCG e j ``eCG ,``aQG``dG dH
d G jJ EG LM K CG EG ,jdGh AdGh dG
c bh ,dGh adGh jdGh YLG O```HCG eT
dGh ,dG IG e aJ G aOdG jObG dP
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jdG SS jd Y N EG LG XJ Y OThh
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dGh ,dG IG e eOdG LCG bNCG
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dG `` eCG ,e IO`````SG ``` LCG J ```j `` aGSGh
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d dG QJh ,VG LMG J Ya cGT

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H J Me jObG eRCG K CH FdG VhCGh
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a dGh G FGh VhdG Y FdG HdG
eCG ,```NG hO jObG dG d R``dG RG```dG CGe
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g dG ``c ``e bfG ``fC`H ``H``Jh .G e ``g ``dG

jDhdG ie

2012 je 27 aGG `g1433 LQ e 6 MCG

WdG ObG `a QhO jd LdG F`````````

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jdG aBGh j e dEG j Gf ,SG bdG AL
hCG ej iG L CH VCGh .dG ObEG
bG G ``b``aBGh O`````bG jdG ````gCG Y ``c``J
,ObG dGh JGSG dG N e c AGS
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IdG jQG eh ,FGdG eCd e JGSGh
GcDe ,QSd IYGh Ua e J eh MdGh ,SGh
.iG GYh Ia J Qh L CG
,iG Y FdGh jDhdG Ij dH edG LJh
,ddG ``g ```e ```e```G ``` G J CG ``fO```J{ :``F``b
,iG Gg e J UG dG e SDe J CG dh
.zIjG b e L IQOe a dG Mh GhdGh
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Y a ,ddH GQhG CG fL G ,e YVe
.MW dG jdG ad TdG KCG dG TdG G
dEG ej e Y QG H gS dG NGG CH VhCGh
,QaCG VGSGh AGQBG ac be ZQ e iG
dG ObG J UH h``G Y Yj Qh``H Ggh
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edG dG FQ dG N H S QcdG IOS bh
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,dG ObG Ybh fGG ac Vj eG dG
VCGh .QhG ac Y AdG J j CG eCG Y He
YdG e O``Y SdG H LG Se bdG C`H
CG jf ``jCG EGh ,f ``jCG a ,G````G M Y ``b``dGh
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dG ObG Ie Y HjEG OhOG dG FdGh
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.jG Lh G
N H dG H TQ QcdG e ```VhCG ,fL ``eh
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,ObH JG QeCGh dG N AGKE jDhdG IjL
Obd G ``jDh``dG VJ J CG fCT e dGh
iG Y QJ CG bG UdG EG de bh .WdG
jQSG dGh ,jObG jdH d Ic gCG
ShDhQ OJh edG cdG Jh HPH J dGh dG
dG FQ edG S H S SG G bh .GeCG

dG dYCG j zObG jDhdG ie{


IdG YdGh MdGh FGdG eCG b
M QcdG jh ,zObG jdG JG Qh``dGh
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H ```MCGh ,G h````dG O`````bG QG
,dU ``M````e ``c````d ``````dG ````F``dG ``g``dG ```Y
Hc cd dG FdG JGdG S ``H M
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h IQdG IQGR``H SGh IdG jQG d edG
eG IFGO FQ JGdG eCG Y H M h ,YdG
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jh SDe jTh SdG Gh ObG QG
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Y dG H S Y QcdG a Qjh
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dGh GOBG q H MdG b FQ TdG N H
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G bG M e c gH iG da
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L 3 ie Y bj M ,fcfG e H
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dG ``Y ``j``e G O```M ``H O````S Q```c``dG j
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2012 je 27 aGG `g1433 LQ e 6 MCG

``````````J Tf Mh ..Y GQhCG 6

````````````dG GhOCG VGSGh NdG QOe jJ Hh eGG dG jJ


h ,LEG G dG EG G FdG SG e fG
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e eh YaG G Q``G G FGa H
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jdG ``L```dG GP ``j````dG ```G```SGh ```d```dG ``a````G `````dG
SDG J JGSG fL EG dG WJh f JGSGh
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Y JS ``jDh``dG ``e G I```dG ``N dG ``Z `````fCG
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J ``e ``` dG ``` fE``H i``` dG ``` JQG GP `````fCG ````M ```M
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LGSG YdG b q CG ``e ``Z``dG Y ``fq CG kVe eh
q CG EG ,G LEG G dG e idG dG j GR e
e G``gh ,c H jdG YdG M IO``jR dG
M
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dG jDj LEG G dG e q LGSG YdG
dG OQG`` `G `````SG ``d``ch R``` dGh ````dG ``` fEG IO`` jR ``g
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b CG e ZdG a ,d SG G g ,G jObG
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.LP dG ObG ..jObG


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N Y j G dG da dd ,jdG LCG
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Ali.matani@hotmail.com

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info@alroya.info

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mohmed-shahri@yahoo.com

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