TWO DEGREES-OF-FREEDOM OSCILLATOR TAM 2030 By: Ahmed Elsamadisi Partner: Benthy Lab section: 409 Discussion section:

204

Mass Measurements
Carts M1 = 154.8g M2 = 151.8g M3 = 146g Springs S1 = 14.5g S2 = 14.5g S3 = 14.5g S4 = 14.5g Weight W1 = 31.5g

Spring Constants
Calculation: T= (Time calculated/10) Angular frequency = 2/T. k = 2 m t (seconds) 5. 5.63 5.9 5.78 T (seconds) .50 .56 .59 .58 (rad/s) 12.56 11.16 10.65 10.90 k (N/m)
5.37

Spring 1 Spring 2 Spring 3 Spring 4

4.83 4.39 4.53

2 DOF (unforced)
Mode shapes: [.674 .734] [-.732, .681] Chose B=1.48cm Using the same above procedure to calculate natural frequency based on experimental values: t (seconds) 10.63 6.44 T (seconds) 1.12 .644 (rad/s) 5.63 9.75

[.674 .734] in phase [-.732, .681] out of phase

The two initial conditions were very similar to the [1 1] and the [ 1 -1] case thus we can assume that they are perfectly in or out of phase . Results obtained using SciLab and the equation (see page 3) Eigenvectors Eigenvalues [.674 .734] in phase -32.03 5.66 [-.732, .681] out of phase -87.43 9.35

The experimental phases matched the SciLab results very closely. For the In phase frequences we were off by .5% For the Out of phase frequences we were off by 4%

2 DOF (forced)
Observations at different forcing frequencies: Natural frequency The system oscillate in simple harmonic motion, either in phase or out of phase. Close to natural frequency Neither carts amplitude was constant, but their oscillations appeared to increase and decrease according to a cyclical pattern. They "died" out where they both were moving very little then they gained momentum and started agian. Far from natural frequency The two carts oscillated at a constant amplitude which were different.

3 DOF (unforced)
There are 3 normal modes, which were found using SciLab (page 3): [.53 ; -.07; .48] [-.68 ; - .05; .73] [-.48; -.71; -.52] With 3 carts, there are 3 possible patterns of motion that show a normal mode has been achieved: All 3 carts are in phase The outside 2 carts are in phase, while the middle cart is out of phase. The 2 left or 2 right carts are in phase, while the remaining right or left one is out of phase.