AN TON SINH HC

ti:QUN L RI RO BiN I GEN CY TRNG

(GMO Risk management- plant)

Nhm 22:1:Phm Xun Kh- 61003209 2:Nguyn Vn Tng-61003272 3:Nguyn Th Giang-61003036

MC LC
I/

Khi nim chuyn gen II/ Mc ch chuyn gen III/ Gii thiu 1 vi phng php chuyn gen IV/ u im, nhc im vic chuyn i gen V/ Tranh lun ri ro ca thc vt bin i gen.

I: KHI NIM
Cy

chuyn gen l mt thc vt mang mt hoc nhiu gen c a vo nhn to thay v thng qua lai to. Nhng gen c to a vo (gen chuyn) c th c phn lp t nhng loi thc vt c quan h h hng hoc t nhng loi khc bit hon ton.

II: MC CH

To cc ging cy nng sut cao, cht lng tt; Khng lm mt tnh a dng sinh hc ca mun loi; Nng cao hiu qu s dng nguyn liu i vi nng nghip v mi trng; Tng thu nhp, gim i ngho cc nc ang pht trin. Cho php cc nh to ging thc vt a ra ging mi nhanh hn v vt qua nhng gii hn ca to ging truyn thng.

III: 1 VI PP BIN I GEN

Phng

php truyn thng, nh to ging tm cch t hp li cc gen gia hai c th thc vt nhm to ra con lai mang nhng tnh trng mong mun. Pp k thut chuyn gen:cho php nh to ging cng lc a vo mt thc vt nhng gen mong mun t nhng sinh vt sng khc nhau.

1/ GII THIU

PP K THUT CHUYN GEN

VI/ U IM NHC IM
1/

u im: - Khng su b,chu thuc tr c,chu dch bnh.

Chu

lnh,chu hn,chu mn. cao dinh dng

Nng To

thnh phm l dc phm.

Tomatoes antifungal

and carotene Golden Rice contains vitamin A

2/ NHC IM

Hy hoi mi trng (environmental damage ):

e da th gii sinh vt,gim hiu qu thuc tr su Chuyn gen sai mc ch: Mt trong nhng iu khin nhiu ngi lo lng l cy trng c bin i gen chu c thuc tr c v bn thn c s lai to vi nhau, nh c s c mang gen khng thuc tr c
nh

hng n sc khe con ngi :

D ng Hu qu tim tng: Nhiu kin cho rng a gen l vo cy thc phm c th to nn nhng nh hng khng tt i vi sc khe con ngi

Lo ngi v mt kinh t: khong cch gia ngi giu v ngi ngho ngy cng tr nn rng hn.
Nguy c gy d ng v to ra c t
Nguy c gy nhn khng sinh:Vic s dng GM c th

dn ti vic tng tnh khng khng sinh ca vi khun cc thnh phn tng i (protein th, cht bo th, carbonhydrat th...), hm lng protein, cc protein bt thng, cc cht khng dinh dng (phytase, cht c ch trypsin

Nguy c v thnh phn dinh dng: c th l s thay i

V/ MT S TRANH LUN V NHNG RI RO CA TV CHUYN GEN

Nhng

cuc tranh lun xung quanh nh hng ca cy chuyn gen i vi mi trng v con ngi ngy cng phc tp, cng thng v rt nhy cm.Vy cy chuyn gen c an ton vi mi trng hay khng? Vic nh gi nh hng ca cy chuyn gen ti mi trng thng rt kh khn do phi xem xt nhiu yu t.

Hu ht cc tranh lun u nghing v 2 vn chp nhn v phn i cy chuyn gen.

Hin nay trn th gii c kh nhiu cy trng c bin i gen. Chng hn c chua c thay i c tnh chn, u tng v c ci ng khng thuc tr c, ng v bng tng tnh su bNm 2000 c 13 quc gia tham gia canh tc cy trng bin i gen, trong nc M chim t l nhiu nht l 68%, Acgentina, cannada v Trung Quc ln lt chim t l l 23%, 7% v 1%. Cc nc cn li tham gia v lnh vc mi l Php, c, Rumani, Mexico.

 Vit Nam hin c 3 cy BDG ang tn ti l la, ng, bng. T nm 2002 chuyn hng sang ci to nhng cy ly c (khoai, sn), chuyn hoocmon sinh trng vo c bng. i xa hn l cng trnh nh cy bng khng su, cy u khng bnh m vng, chuyn gen tng hp carotene vo cy la hay cng trnh la khng su. Cc cng trnh trn hon thin phng th nghim v ang c thc hin ti 5 c s nghin cu ln.

PHN TCH RI RO CA THC VT

CHUYN GEN

(1) M t bi cnh ca nguy c; (2)Xc nh nguy c; (3) nh gi hu qu v kh nng xy ra ivi cc nguy c c xc nh; (4) Qun l ri ro nhm hn ch cc nguy c c xc nh, c cn nhc ti cc bin php qun l v vic ra quyt nh.

Phn tch ri ro ca sinh vt bin i gen Phn tch ri ro c xem l mt quy trnh tng th nh giri ro, qun l ri ro v trao i thng tin ri ro.
nh gi ri ro Thng tin ri ro Qun l ri ro

nh gi ri ro nhm xc nh v nh gi mi ri ro timn trc tip v gin tip, ngn, trung v di hn ca GMO hocsn phm ca chng i vi sc khe con ngi v mi trng,d on kh nng ri ro s xy ra v c lng mc thit hic th c nu ri ro xy ra.

Qun l ri ro nh gi nhng ri ro tim n xc nh caGMO hoc sn phm ca GMO cn qun l, ri la chn v thc thi cc k hoch hoc hnh ng bt buc m bo ccri ro ny c kim sot, gim hoc gim nh ti mt mc c c quan qun l ca quc gia chp nhn. Qun l ri roc coi l quy trnh tng th ca c lng ri ro, x l ri rov quyt nh qun l cc tc ng bt li tim n. Qun l ri ro l cng c chnh c cc c quan qun l s dng qunl cc hot ng lin quan n GMO.

Kt lun Nhng mi quan tm ti sinh thi v mi trng xut pht t cy chuyn gen c nh gi trc khi thng mi ho chng. ng thi cn c s kim sot v cc h thng nng nghip tt pht hin v gim thiu nhng mi nguy hi c th xy ra. Chng ta cn so snh phng php chuyn gen, phng php truyn thng v cc phng php nng nghip khc lm sng t nhng mi ri ro tng i cng nh nhng li ch ca vic p dng cy chuyn gen. Mc d c sai s, nhng c mt iu r rng rng, bo v mi trng ca chng ta, lng thc p ng nhu cu trong tng lai ch da trn qu t hin c. Do , iu quan trng l chng ta phi s dng tt c mi bin php c th gii quyt vn cp thit ny.