Lehrstuhl fr Wasserbau und

Wassermengenwirtschaft
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Silke Wieprecht
Priv.-Doz. Dr.-Ing. Walter Marx
Jeff Tuhtan, M.Sc.

ConstructionofWaterandEnergyStorageReservoir

CaseStudy

HydroPowerandPumpStorageintheBlackForest

WAREMMIPSummerSemester2011

Pfaffenwaldring61
D70550Stuttgart(Vaihingen)
Tel.:+49(0)71168564750
Fax:+49(0)71168564746
Email:walter.marx@iws.unistuttgart.de
jeff.tuhtan@iws.unistuttgart.de

Black Forest Case Study SS 2011

06.05.2011

1 GeneralSituationandObjectives
The remote Black Forest valley and the adjacent ridges as shown on Map 1 are to be used for
hydropower generation. The flow collected from several Black Forest streams is shown in the
hydrograph(Figure1).AnnualfloodrecordsareprovidedinTable1.

Asuitabledamsite(seemap)hasalreadybeenidentifiedforthecreationofthereservoir,here
denotedastheLowerMultipurposeReservoir(LMPR).Thefunctionalstagevolumerelationsfor
thereservoircreatedbythedamatthesiteareshowninFigure2.

A second hydropower plant, the Downstream Hydro Plant (DHP), is planned downstream of the
dam.Itspurposeistosupplyrenewablehydroenergytothegridbyusingtheavailableinflowand
thebufferingreservoircapacity.

In the development of renewable energies, pumped storage power plants play an increasingly
importantrole.Theycurrentlyofferthemostflexibleandefficientsolutiontostorelargeamounts
ofelectricity(aspotentialenergyofthewater)andareoneoftheonlymethodstoproducepeak
electricalenergy.Inordertocompensateforthefluctuatingsupplyofelectricityfromwindpower,
(see Figure 3), a pumped storage plant is to be added to the planned hydroscheme as a key
component.ThewaterwillbeturbinedandpumpedbetweentheLowerMultipurposeReservoir
andtheUpperReservoirwhichistobeerectedinoneof4adjacentridges.Thepurposeofthis
pumped storage scheme is to equalize the wind power supplied according to Figure 3 by
convertingthedailywindpowerpeaksintoaconstantpoweroutputover24hoursbypumping
andturbiningappropriately.

Thegeologicalconditionsofthedamsiteshavealreadybeenexplored,seeTables2&3.

Since the valley and its surroundings is a scenic site, planning alternatives should also take into
accountrecreationaldevelopments.

In order to identify the most promising project(s), a number of design alternatives are to be
investigatedwithintheframeworkofthiscasestudy.Thehandoutgiventoeachgroupcontains
theparticulardesignalternativeswhicharetobeinvestigatedinthiscasestudy.

Black Forest Case Study SS 2011

06.05.2011

2 TaskstobeCompleted
Part1:WaterandPowerManagementofLowerMultipurposeReservoir
1.1 Assessmentofwatermassbalancebetweenupperandlowerreservoirrequiredfor
storing/bufferingthewindenergyproducedaccordingtoFigure3.
1.2 Massbalancecalculationsaccordingtoeachgroupsmanagementpolicy
1.3 Assessmentofenergy/poweroutputfromLMPRtotheDHPaccordingtotheassigned
managementpolicy

Part2:DesignofConcreteGravityDam
2.1

Determinationofdamdesignparameterssuchasdamheightandlength,shapeof
longitudinaldamaxis,damslopes,constructionmaterialandfoundationdepth

2.2

Drawingsofcriticalcrosssectionsandsiteplans

2.3

Determinationofdesignflood(s)basedonthefloodflowrecordsofTable1.

2.4

Hydraulicsdesignanddimensioningoffloodcontrolstructuresandbottomoutlet

2.5

Structuralinvestigationssuchasstabilityproofs(traditionalmethods+FEManalysis)

Part3:DownstreamHydroPowerPlantDesign
3.1 Determinationofsitelocation(e.g.directlyatthetoeofthedam,furtherdowninthe
valley,etc.)
3.2 Turbinestype,numberofturbines,designflowrate,efficiencyandannualenergy
production
3.3 Powerhousedesignturbinediameter,suctionheadandpowerhousedimensions

Part4:PumpStoragePlant
4.1 Designofupperreservoirrequiredforstoringthewindenergyproducedaccordingto
Figure3whiletakingintoaccountgivendamheightandvariantspecificfallheadbetween
upperandlowerreservoir.
4.2 Hydraulicdimensioningofpumpsturbinesandpipelines.
4.3 Sketch/drawingofoverallarrangementofthepumpstoragescheme

Black Forest Case Study SS 2011

06.05.2011

Part5:CostBenefitAnalysis
5.1 Costs(construction,operation,maintenance)
5.2 Benefits(peakenergyproduction,ecoexergyanalysis)

Maps&diagramsforcasestudy

TopographicmapofBlackforestvalleyandsurroundings:Map1

CombinedhydrographofBlackForeststreamstobeused:Figure1

WaterlevelvolumecurveforLMPR:Figure2

Windpowersupplytobestored:Figure3

Recordsofannualfloodflows:Table1

Geologicalandstructuralparameters:Table2

available water flow from several Black Forest streams

12.00

10.64
9.58

8.00

8.51

7.98

7.45
6.38

inflow [m /s]

10.00

5.32

5.32 5.32 5.32 5.32 5.32

6.00
4.00
2.00
0.00
1

10

11

12

months [-]

Figure1:CombinedhydrographofBlackForeststreams

Black Forest Case Study SS 2011

06.05.2011

y = -3.6094E-43x6 + 4.7426E-35x5 - 2.4213E-27x4 + 6.1004E-20x3 - 8.1489E13x2 + 7.2645E-06x + 6.2883E+02

700.00
690.00
680.00

h [m a.s.l.]

670.00
660.00
650.00
640.00
630.00
620.00

5.000.000

10.000.000

15.000.000

20.000.000

25.000.000

30.000.000

35.000.000

40.000.000

V [m ]

Figure2:StagestoragecurveforLMPR

300.00

250.00

Wind Power [MW]

200.00

150.00

100.00

50.00

0.00
1

2 3

5 6

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Time [h]

Figure3:Windpowerproducedtobestoredinthereservoir

Black Forest Case Study SS 2011

06.05.2011

Table1:Annualfloodrecords

Year

FloodFlow

[]
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939

[m /s]
78.01
77.55
82.26
97.13
68.54
85.89
66.57
72.13
96.21
77.51
80.13
59.14
94.53
78.98
86.30
92.65
62.23
65.24
88.92
77.69
76.27
74.01
101.94
77.82
79.59
114.79
103.22
67.91
80.57
92.00
92.38
76.79
116.04
87.85
63.44
74.10
65.01
91.78
79.64
80.99

Year

FloodFlow

Year

FloodFlow

[]
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

[]
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010

[m3/s]
69.44
62.67
76.77
62.63
100.66
78.58
92.63
92.15
78.53
88.38
104.64
88.43
99.44
86.33
74.36
88.46
88.91
82.97
79.70
96.62
119.27
107.32
93.07
69.69
82.41
68.24
76.26
67.45
77.55
98.42
93.76

[m /s]
81.33
63.23
110.68
95.66
64.27
83.69
86.16
87.69
84.28
66.42
85.02
74.34
85.33
72.54
65.51
86.02
76.52
94.65
78.44
77.42
75.08
85.46
79.77
97.23
75.67
87.45
78.91
72.20
72.61
88.02
83.94
89.96
75.42
77.25
83.34
62.87
82.07
62.31
67.82
76.47