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Solving Statics Problems in Maple is a supplement to the textbook Engineering Mechanics: Statics (5th Edition)
2 Sample Problems
Maple
Problem Formulation
The two forces and their resultant are shown on the diagram to the right. The horizontal component of the resultant is T while the vertical component is 0. Thus,
T = Fx = P cos + 400 cos 0 = F y = P sin 400 sin
These two equations can be easily solved for P and T. P= 400 sin sin
T = 400(sin cot + cos )
At this point we have P and T as functions of and . From the figure above we can relate and to d as follows.
= tan 1 (4 / d )
= tan 1 (6 / d )
One nice thing about using a computer is that it will not be necessary to substitute these results into those above to get P and T explicitly as functions of d. The computer carries out this substitution automatically. A nice feature of Maple is that it will also make the substitution symbolically providing the explicit dependence of P and T upon d.
3 Sample Problems
Maple
Maple Worksheet
> restart;with(plots): > theta:=arctan(4/d); beta:=arctan(6/d);
1 := arctan 4 d
1 := arctan 6 d
> T:=400*(sin(beta)*cot(theta)+cos(beta));
T := 1000
1+
36 d2
> P:=400*sin(beta)/sin(theta);
P := 600
16 d2 36 1+ 2 d 1+
4 Sample Problems
Maple
Problem Formulation
The free-body diagram for the truck is shown to the right. Normally, the two normal forces under the wheels would not be identical, of course. Here we want the relationship between the weight WL and its location (x) which results in these two forces being equal. This relationship is found from the equilibrium equations.
M B = 0 = 3600(67) N (112) W L x = 0 F y = 0 = N + N 3600 W L = 0
The second equation can be solved for N and then substituted into the first equation to yield the required relation between WL and x. This relation can then be solved for WL.
Maple Worksheet
> restart; > sMb:=3600*67-N*112-WL*x=0; > sFy:=2*N-3600-WL=0; > N:=solve(sFy,N);
At this point Maple will automatically substitute N back into the first equation as verified below.
5 Sample Problems
Maple
> sMb;
39600 56 WL WL x = 0
WL := 39600
1 56 + x
Problem Formulation
The free-body diagram is shown to the right. Note that member BD is a two-force member, thus the direction of the force B is from B to D. The equilibrium equations are, 4 M A = B (0.6) 3 cos (1.2) = 0 5
6 Sample Problems
Maple
Fx = Ax
3 B + 3 sin = 0 5
F y = A y +
4 B 3 cos = 0 5
2 2 A = Ax + A y
As we will see below, there is really no need to make the substitution above to yield A explicitly as a function of . The main reason for making the substitution here is to show that there is no obvious value of for which A will be a maximum. The situation is quite different for B since the maximum value for cos is 1. Thus, Bmax = 7.5 kN at = 0 The maximum value of A and the corresponding angle will be found in the Maple worksheet which follows.
Maple Worksheet
> restart; with(plots): > B:=15/2*cos(theta);
B :=
15 cos( ) 2
> Ax:=3/5*B-3*sin(theta);
> Ay:=3*cos(theta)-4/5*B;
> A:=simplify(sqrt(Ax^2+Ay^2));
A :=
7 Sample Problems
Maple
> t1:=textplot([.3,7.6,"B"]): t2:=textplot([.3,5,"A"]): > p:=plot([A,B],theta=-Pi/2..Pi/2, labels=["theta (rad)",""], title="Force (kN)"): > display(p,t1,t2);
As mentioned earlier, the maximum value of B is 7.5 kN occurring at = 0 degrees. The location for the maximum value of A is found by setting the derivative of A with respect to equal to zero. The resulting can then be substituted into A to yield the maximum value.
> dA:=diff(A,theta);
dA :=
> soln:=evalf(solve(dA=0,theta));
Maple has found four solutions. From the graph, the first of these corresponds to the maximum over the range plotted.
> evalf(-.46365*180/Pi);
-26.56518816
> evalf(subs(theta=-.46365,A));
6.000000000