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ESTE
Cu 1: Cho cht hu c A ch cha mt loi nhm chc tc dng vi 1 lit dung dch NaOH 0,5M thu c a gam mui v 0,1 mol ru. Lng NaOH d c th trung ha ht 0,5 lit dung dch HCl 0,4M. Cng thc tng qut ca A l: a/ RCOOR b/ (RCOO)2R c/ (RCOO)3R. d/ R(COOR)3. Cu 2: Cho 21,8g cht hu c A ch cha mt loi nhm chc tc dng vi 1 lit dung dch NaOH 0,5M thu c 24,6 gam mui v 0,1 mol ru. Lng NaOH d c th trung ha ht 0,5 lit dung dch HCl 0,4M. Cng thc tng qut ca A l: a/ CH3COOC2H5 b/ (CH3COO)2C2H4 c/ (CH3COO)3C3H5 d/ C3H5(COOCH3)3. Cu 3: Mt este c cng thc phn t l C3H6O2 c phn ng trng gng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3, cng thc cu to ca este l: a/ HCOOC2H5 . b/ CH3COOCH3 c/ HCOOC3H7 d/ C2H5COOCH3 Cu 4: X phng ha han ton 9,7 gam hn hp 2 este n chc X, Y cn 100ml dung dch NaOH 1,5M. Sau phn ng c cn dung dch thu c 2 ru ng ng k tip v mt mui duy nht. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca 2 este l: a/ HCOOCH3 v HCOOC2H5 . b/ CH3COOCH3 v CH3COOC2H5 c/ C2H5COOCH3 v C2H5COOC2H5 d/ C3H7COOCH3 v C4H9COOC2H5 Cu 5: Mt este to bi axit n chac v ru n chc c t khi hi so vi CO 2 bng 2. Khi un nng este ny vi NaOH to ra mui c khi lng ln hn este phn ng. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca este l: a/ CH3COOCH3 b/ HCOOC3H7 c/ CH3COOC2H5 d/ C2H5COOCH3. Cu 6: Mt este to bi axit n chc v ru n chc c t khi hi so vi CO 2 bng 2. Khi un nng este ny vi dung dch NaOH to ra mui c khi lng bng 93,18% lng este phn ng. Cng thc cu to ca este ny l: a/ a/ CH3COOCH3 b/ HCOOC3H7 c/ CH3COOC2H5. d/ C2H5COOCH3 Cu 7: Cho 35,2 gam hn hp 2 este no n chc l ng phn ca nhau c t khi hi so vi H 2 bng 44 tc dng vi 2 lit dung dch NaOH 0,4M, ri c cn dung dch va thu c ta c 44,6gam rn B. Cng thc ca 2 este l: a/ HCOOC2H5 v CH3COOCH3 b/ HCOOC3H7 v CH3COOC2H5. c/ C2H5COOCH3 v CH3COOC2H5 d/ HCOOC3H7 v CH3COOCH3 Cu 8: Este X c cng thc phn t C7H12O4, khi cho 16g X tc dng va vi 200g dung dch NaOH 4% th thu c mt ru Y v 17,8 gam hn hp 2 mui. Cng thc cu to ca X l: a/ HCOOCH2CH2CH2CH2OOCCH3 b/ CH3COOCH2CH2CH2OOCCH3 c/ C2H5COOCH2CH2CH2OOCH d/ CH3COOCH2CH2OOCC2H5. Cu 9: Cht thm P thuc loi este c cng thc phn t C8H8O2. Cht P khng c iu ch t phn ng ca axit v ru tng ng, ng thi khng c phn ng trng gng. Cng thc cu to ca P l: a/ C6H5COOCH3 b/ HCOOCH2C6H5 c/ CH3COOC6H5. d/ HCOOC6H4CH3 Cu 10: Cho 1,76 gam mt este ca axit cacboxylic no, n chc v mt ru no n chc phn ng va ht vi 40ml dung dch NaOH 0,5M thu c cht X v cht Y. t chy han ton 1,2 gam cht Y cho 2,64 gam CO 2 v 1,44 gam H2O. Cng thc cu to ca este: a/ CH3COOCH2CH2CH3b/ CH3CH2COOCH3 c/ CH3COOCH3 d/ HCOOCH2CH2CH3. Cu 11: Cho ancol X tc dng vi axit Y thu c este Z. Lm bay hi 4,3 gam Z thu c th tch hi bng th tch ca 1,6 gam oxi cng iu kin nhit , p sut. Bit MX>My. Cng thc ca Z l: a/ CH3COOCH=CH2 b/ CH2=CH-COOCH3 c/ HCOOCH=CH-CH3 d/ HCOOCH2CH=CH2. Cu 12: Thy phn han ton 0,1 mol este E mch h, cha mt loi nhm chc cn dng 0,2 mol NaOH thu c mui v 6,4 gam ancol. Cng thc cu to ca E l: a/ (CH3COO)2C3H6 b/ (HCOO)C3H5 c/ C2H5COO-OOCC2H5 d/ CH2(COOCH3)2. Cu 13: Thy phn han ton A trong 100ml dung dch NaOH 1M ri c cn dung dch thu c 6,22 gam cht rn khan B v mt ru C. un nng ru C vi H2SO4 c thu c 0,04 mol olefin b nht. Cng thc ca A l: a/ CH3CH2OOC-CH(NH2)-COOCH2CH3 b/ CH3CH2OOC-CH2-CH (NH2)-COOCH2CH3 c/ CH3OOC-CH2CH2CH(NH2)-COOCH3 d/ C2H5OOC-CH2CH2CH(NH2)-COOC2H5. Cu 14: Cho 0,1 mol este A tc dng va vi 0,2 mol KOH thu c H 2O v hn hp mui. t chy han ton hn hp mui thu c H2O, K2CO3 v 13,2 gam CO2. Cng thc phn t ca A c th l: a/ C3H4O4 b/ C4H6O4. c/ C4H8O2 d/ C5H8O4 Cu 15: X phng ha han ton 17,4 gam mt este n chc cn dng va 300 ml dung dch NaOH 0,5M thu c mui A v ancol B. Oxi ha B thu c xeton. Cng thc cu to ca X l: a/ HCOOCH(CH3)2 b/ CH3COOCH2CH(CH3)2. c/ CH3CH2COOCH(CH3)2 d/ HCOOCH(CH3)CH2CH3 Cu 16: Thy phn este A trong mi trng axit thu c hn hp 2 cht u tham gia phn ng trng gng. Cng thc cu to ca A l: a/ CH3COOCH=CH2 b/ HCOOCH2CH=CH2 c/ HCOOC(CH3)=CH2 d/ HCOOCH=CH-CH3 Cu 17: C bao nhiu ng phn n chc mch h ca C4H6O2 c th tham gia phn ng trng gng? a/ 1 b/ 2 c/ 3 d/ 4 Cu 18: Mt este c cng thc phn t C4H6O2, khi thy phn trong mi trng axit tu c andehyt acrylic. Cng thc cu to ca este l:

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Trng THPT Phan Bi Chu Ngh An

a/ HCOOCH2CH=CH2 b/ CH3COOCH=CH2 c/ CH2=CH-COOCH3 d/ HCOO(CH3)=CH2 Cu 19: X phng ha 1 mol este X thu c 1 mol mui v x (x 2) mol ru. Vy este X c to thnh t: a/ axit n chc v ru n chc b/ axit a chac v ru n chc c/ axit a xhc v ru a chc d/ axit n chc v ru a chc Cu 20: Cc ng phn ng vi cng thc phn t C8H8O2 (u l n xut ca benzene) tc dng vi NaOH to ra mui v ru l: a/ 2 b/ 3 c/ 4 d/ 7 Cu 21: Cho cc cht sau: axit propionic (1), axeton (2), metyl axetat(3), propan-1-ol(4). Dy c sp xp theo chiu tng dn nhit si? a/ a/ 2<3<4<1 b/ 3<2<4<1 c/ 2<3<1<4 d/ 3<2<1<4 Cu 22: Mt este c cng thc phn t l C9H8O2 ( u l dn xut ca benzen) tc dng vi NaOH d cho 2 mui v cng hp vi Br2 theo t l 1:1 l? a/ 1 b/ 3 c/ 5 d/ 6 Cu 23: Mt este c cng thc phn t C3H6O2 c phn ng trng gng v vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3. cng thc cu to ca este l: a/ HCOOC2H5 b/ CH3COOCH3 c/ HCOOC3H7 d/ C2H5COOH Cu 24: Cu no sau y khng ng? a/ m ng vt ch yu cu thnh t cc axit bo no, tn ti trng thi rn b/ du th vt ch yu cha cc axit bo khng no, tn ti trng thi lng c/ hiro ha du thc vt lng s to thnh cc m ng vt rn d/ cht bo nh hn nc v khng tan trong nc Cu 25: Cho cht h c A ch cha mt loi nhm chc tc dng vi 1 lit dung dch NaOH 0,75M thu c 0,45 mol mui v 0,15 mol ru. Lng NaOH d c th trung ha ht 0,75 lit dung dch HCl 0,4M. Cng thc tng qut ca A l: a/ RCOOR b/ (RCOO)2R c/ (RCOO)3R d/ R(COOR)3 Cu 26: Cho 32,7 gam X ch cha mt loi nhm chc tc dng vi 1,5 lit dung dch NaOH 0,5M thu c 36,9 gam mui v 0,15 mol ru. Lng NaOH d c th trung ha ht 0,5 lit dung dch HCl 0,6M. Cng thc cu to ca X l: a/ CH3COOC2H5 b/ (CH3COO)2C2H4 c/ (CH3COO)3C3H5 d/ C3H5(COOCH3)3 Cu 27: X phng ha han ton 14,55 gam hn hp 2 este n chc X,Y cn 150 ml dung dch NaOH 1,5M. Sau phn ng c cn dung dch thu c hn hp 2 ancol ng ng k tip v mt mui duy nht. cng thc cu to ca 2 este l: a/ HCOOCH3, HCOOC2H5. b/ CH3COOCH3, CH3COOC2H5 c/ C2H5COOCH3, C2H5COOCH3 d/ C3H7COOCH3, C2H5COOCH3 Cu 28: Thc hin phn ng este ha hn hp gm 322,5 gam axit metacrylic v 150 gam ancol metylic vi hiu sut 60%. Khi lng este thu c l: a/ 187,5g b/ 225g c/ 262,5g d/ 300g Cu 29: Cho 52,8 gam hn hp gm 2 este no, n chc l ng phn ca nhau c t khi so vi H 2 l 44, tc dng vi 2 lit dung dch NaOH 0,6M, ri c cn dung dch thu c 66,9 gam cht rn B. Cng thc phn t ca 2 este l: a/ HCOOC2H5, CH3COOCH3 b/ C2H5COOCH3, CH3COOC2H5 c/ HCOOC3H7, CH3COOC2H5. d/ HCOOC3H7, CH3COOCH3 Cu 30: Este X c cng thc phn t C7H12O4. Khi cho 51,9gam X tc dng vi 300 gam dung dch NaOH 4% th thu c 1 ancol hai chc Y v 26,7 gam hn hp 2 mui. Cng thc cu to ca X: a/ HCOO-(CH2)4OOCCH3 b/ CH3COO-(CH2)3OOCCH3 c/ C2H5COO-(CH2)3OOCH d/ CH3COO-(CH2)2-OOCC2H5. Cu 31: Cho 2,64 gam mt este ca axit cacboxylic n chc v ru n chc phn ng va ht vi 60 ml dung dch NaOH 0,5M thu c cht X v cht Y. t chy han ton m gam cht Y cho 3,96 gam CO 2 v 2,16g H2O. cng thc cu to ca este l: a/ CH3COOCH2CH2CH3b/ CH2=CHCOOCH3 c/ CH3COOCH=CH2 d/ HCOOCH2CH2CH3. Cu 32: X phng ha han ton mt trieste X bng dung dch NaOH thu c 9,2g glyxerol v 83,4 gam mui ca mt axit bo no B. Cht B l: a/ axit axetic b/ axit panmitic c/ axit oleic d/ axit stearic Cu 33: Cu no sau y khng ng? a/ CH3COOCH=CH2 cng dy ng ng vi CH2=CHCOOCH3 b/ CH3CH2C OOCH=CH2 tc dng vi dung dch NaOH thu c andehyt v mui c/ CH3COOCH=CH2 tc dng c vi dung dch Br2 d/ CH3COOCH=CH2 c th trng hp tp polime Cu 34: X phng ha 4,4 gam etyl axetat bng 1ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Sau khi phn ng xy ra han ton, c cn dung dch thu c cht rn khan c khi lng l: a/ 6,1g b/ 61g c/ 4,1g d/ 41g Cu 35: Mt este c cng thc phn t l C4H6O2 khi thy phn trong mi trng axit thu c andehyt axetic. Cng thc cu to ca este l: a/ CH2=CHCOOCH3 b/ HCOOC(CH3)=CH2 c/ HCOOCH=CHCH3 d/ CH3COOCH=CH2

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Trng THPT Phan Bi Chu Ngh An

Cu 36: X l mt este n chc c t khi so vi CH4 l 5,5. Nu em un 4,4 gam este X vi dung dch NaOH d, thu c 4,1 gam mui. Cng thc cu to ca X l: a/ HCOOCH2CH2CH3 b/ HCOOCH(CH3)2 c/ C2H5COOCH3 d/ CH3COOC2H5

ESTE (2)
Cu 37: Hp cht X cha mt loi nhm chc c cng thc phn t C 8H14O4. Khi thy phn X trong dung dch NaOH thu c mt mui v hn hp 2 ru A,B. Phn t ru B c s nguyn t C gp i phn t ru A. Khi un nng vi H2SO4 c iu kin thch hp A cho mt olefin v B cho 3 olefin ng phn. Cng thc cu to ca X l: a/ CH3OOCCH2CH2COOCH2CH3 b/ C2H5OCO-COOCH2CH2CH3 c/ HOCOCH2CH2CH2CH2COOCH3 d/ C2H5OCO-COOCH(CH3)2 Cu 38: Este A c cng thc C4H6O2 c to bi ancol X v axit Y. Cng thc cu to ca A l: a/ HCOOC(CH3)=CH2 b/ CH3-COOCH=CH2 c/ HCOOCH2CH=CH2 d/ tc c u ng Cu 39: Hp cht hu c X n chc cha C,H,O. t chy han ton X thu c n CO2=1,5nH2O=1,5nO2. Bit X tc dng c vi NaOH v tham gia phn ng trng gng. Cng thc cu to ca X l: a/ HCOOCH2CH3 b/ HCOOCH=CH2 c/ HCOOCH3 d/ HCOOCH2CH=CH2 Cu 40: Trn 13,6 gam phenyl axetat vi 250 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Sau khi phn ng xy ra han ton c cn dung dch c m gam cht rn khan. Gi tr ca m l: a/ 8,2 b/ 10,2 c/ 19,8 d/ 21,6 Cu 41: Thy phn este X trong mi trng axit thu c 2 cht hu c A,B. Oxi ha A to ra sn phm l cht B. Cht X khng th l: a/ etyl axetat b/ etilenglicol oxalate c/ vinyl axetat d/ isopropionat Cu 42: X phng ha han ton 0,1 gam cht hu c X (C,H,O) cn va 300ml dung dch NaOH 1M. C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 24,6 gam mui khan. Cng thc phn t ca X l : a/ (HCOO)3C3H5 b/ (CH3COO)3C3H5 c/ C3H5(COOCH3)3 d/ (CH3COO)2C2H4 Cu 43: Hn hp X gm 2 este n chc mch h l ng phn ca nhau. Cho m gam X tc dng va vi 100ml dung dch NaOH 1M thu c mt mui ca axit cacboxylic v hn hp 2 ancol. Mc khc nu t chy han ton m gam X th thu c 8,96 lit CO2 ktc v 7,2 gam H2O. Cng thc cu to ca 2 este l: a/ CH3COOCH2CH2CH3, CH3COOCH(CH3)2 b/ HCOOCH(CH3)2, HCOOCH2CH2CH3 c/ CH3COOCH2CH2CH2CH3, CH3COOCH(CH3)CH2CH3d/ CH3COOCH(CH3)C2H5, CH3COOCH(C2H5)2 Cu 44: Hn hp X gm 2 cht hu c A,B ch cha mt loi nhm chc. Cho m gam X tc dng ht vi NaOH thu c mt mui ca axit hu c n chc v hn hp 2 ancol, tch nc han ton 2 ancol ny iu kin thch hp thu c 1 anken lm mt mu 24 gam Br2. Bit A,B cha khng qu 4 nguyn t C trong phn t. Gi tr ca m l: a/ 11,1 b/ 22,2 c/ 13,2 d/ 26,4 Cu 45: Ln lt cho cc cht vinyl axetat; 2,2-iclopropan; phenyl axetat v 1,1,1-tri clo etan tc dng han ton vi NaOH d. Trng hp no sau y vit khng ng? a/ CH3COOCH=CH2 + NaOH CH3COONa + CH3CHO b/ CH3CHCl2CH3 + NaOH CH3COCH3 + NaCl + H2O c/ CH3COOC6H5 + NaOH CH3COONa + C6H5OH d/ CH3CHCl3 + 4NaOH CH3COONa + 3NaCl + 2H2O Cu 46: Pht biu no sau y khng ng v x phng v cht ty ra tng hp? a/ u c sn xut bng cch un nng cht bo vi dung dch kim b/ u c kh nng hot ng b mt cao, c tc dng lm gim sc cng b nt cht bn c/ X phng l hn hp mui natri (kali) ca axit bo, khng nn dng x phng trong nc cng v to ra mui kt ta d/ cht ty ra tng hp khng phi l mui natri ca axit cacboxilic khng b kt ta trong nc cng Cu 47: Hp cht hu c mch h X l este n chc, khng no, c mt ni i gia C vi C. Trong phn t X c s nguyn t C ng vi s nguyn t C ca hidrocacbon iu kin thng th kh. un X vi dung dch NaOH c mui X1 v cht hu c X2, em X2 tc dng vi nc clo c cht hu c X3 c kh nng ha tan c Cu(OH)2. X c tn gi l: a/ metyl acrylat b/ metyl metaacrylat c/ anlyl fomiat d/ vinyl axetat Cu 48: X l este c to gia glixerol v 2 axit (fomic v axetic). X tc dng vi Na gii phng H 2. Tng s cng thc cu to tha mn iu kin ca X l: a/ 1 b/ 2 c/ 3 d/ 4 Cu 49: X l hn hp 2 este ca cng 1 ancol no, n chc v 2 axit no, n chc ng ng k tip. t chy han ton 0,1 mol X cn 6,16 lt O2 ktc. un nng 0,1 mol X vi 50 gam dung dch NaOH 20% n phn ng han ton, ri c cn dung dch sau phn ng c m gam cht rn. Gi tr ca m l: a/ 13,5. b/ 7,5 c/ 15 d/ 37,5

Cu 50: un nng mt este n chc c phn t khi l 100, vi dung dch NaOH thu c hp cht c nhnh X v ru Y. Cho hi Y qua CuO t nng ri hp th sn phm vo lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 thu c dung dch Z. Thm H2SO4 long vo Z th thu c kh CO2. Tn gi ca este l a/ etyl isobutirat b/ metyl metacrilat c/ etyl metacrilat d/ metyl isobutirat
Cu 51: Thy phn X c cng thc phn t C8H14O5 thu c ru etylic v cht hu c Y. Cho bit n X=nC2H5OH=1/2nY. Y c diu ch trc tip t glucozo bng phn ng ln men, trng ngng Y thu c mt loi polime. Cng thc cu to ca X

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