Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
04
MCG
````G ````SCG TJ
``SCGh dG U jd
16 .......................
1^0214369
H
1^0185947
AGT
j dG dL
f`````dG ``FQ
fdG - e
j`dG jQ`````G `q j dG
`````U ````````jH `````FGh
03 ........................
1^3795822 1^36136342
H
AGT
fdG - e
0^1048247
H
0^1045438
AGT
0^1057286
H
0^1054366
AGT
0^10267212 0^1023836
H
AGT
GOQM fi - dU
FdG M
www.alroya.info
info@alroya.info
..fj 21 j MdG dU Le
dG G``g `dG ````dH ``jh
dG aY
jdG FQ dG jG
:`fh``dG ``j`dG
dG SCH RJ dG
FdG jd dhO He
U 24
jDhQ .. IG
dG IG FG jQG Yf f hG Gg
e e 100 GH dG Id jdG dG QJ M
a ,G e kjS e e e 35 GM aj c ..e
``gh kGQg 350 GH QJ Me jdG IH J
j a ..FdG dG g e YCG EG Gec 6 a
.kGec 28 GM AeG Y IdG fi
05
fdG e
jb ``jh V OGh S h````e ```KG ``Z ``j j
Jf dG FG jQG gCG MCG j dGh ,e a
aCG ah U dGh ,FG OQGG eGSGh J H dG
jh .eCGh edG J Y UGeh SdG jG
{ Ihf
j Y
ShQ Yd
eRCG
jQ`````dG
cdG -UGY
Y `` ` c `` qL`` ` `j
I`` ` ` G CG `` `a`` `e
EG ``` H``` dG ``` e``Gh
dhfi dG Se
ShQ YO Y d
EG eGdG O b
AHh Q``` dG `` WEG ``bh
`` `bh .`` ` S`` ` ` S QG`` ` ` M
LQG SH ``W```dG
q EG ``g dG
S U IOb
dhDe Sh Y
`` `` ` LQ`` `G IQGRh
.e qSe KOfi
H ```e```dG `` bh
LG `` `e `` ` j `` ` `b
H `` `MCG ``` dG Q``` e
ShdG FdGh ```Y
`` j`` ` a`` ` e `` ` ` ` O
AfEG q CG iJ ShQ
jQS d Q```dG
FdG G ..jdhCG
`` ` `VQ`` ` `G `` ` ` ` `bG `` ` g
EG ``S`````H ``jQ````dG
e `` ` `Vh`` ` `G `` dh`` W
EG ```U```dGh dG
.eRCd S M
14
jDhdG -e
e qCG WdG ObG IQGRh Y IQOU jM fH XCG
G ```dG ``e ``jG``a T k`Y```JQG T dG dG
H JQG c ,2011 Y e KG dH fQe (%3^7) H
EG fdG QTCGh .G dG e HdG dH fQe (%0^3)
T (% 0^3) H dG dG TDG JQG e ZdH fq CG
dG jDhdG
jDhdG - e
S c ,dG YCG LQ e Od
e ```Y ,``dP EG .dG ```e``YEG ``F```S``dG
dG OfG Qhd TdG YLG eCG dhdG
j QcdG e SFH ,eG IdG e hCG
q dhdG ```
SdG GAMEG bGh Y ```j
jDhdG -e
eT fH IYb aJ ieh J SS
dG ```F````MEG I``` LCG ``K``h
Y ``K`` ``` c ,```````dG ``Y``` ` dG `````
WdG `` e ``e``` ` ` d `````````G `` `g`` `G
.FMEG
J dG IQGRh
k
k
ad jQJ
fH
dG G ie
jDhdG e
H ``` IO`` ` `` `S ``` ` aG
IQGRh ```ch `````dG N
NG hD` ` ` ` ` ` dGh ``` ` ` dG
U ,IQGR`` ` ` dG `` Y G`` j`` H
jQdG `` e`` f`` dG ,`` ` ` eCG
,dG dGh d
Xe ``` a Q``` ` j `` ` dGh
d HdG GQGOEGh IQGR`` dG
,dG a
jh ,jCG HQCG I jh
c Y dG efdG
,jQd ``` ` ` dG ``````dG
,dG jQdG GAG`` LEGh
UG dG jdGh
Y ``H``b``dGh ``` G ``j````H
GAGLEGh ,HdGh G J
bJG dch ,G IQGOEG
,H UG eGdGh RH
dG ```Y ``H``b``dG ````dGh
jdG G``KC` ` dGh ,``j````dG
,jdG dG Y FdG
HbH ```U``G jdGh
fCGh h ,AGdG J
dGh ,AG`` ` `dG ``` J ``` UQ
W IQGOEGh ,``eG``` ` ` G
dG Y FdG OG``G
UUdG ``W``h ,`````dGh
G OG`` Gh ,``J``eG`````SGh
.JeGSGh
J QX J {
FXd TdG GQNG
jQGOEGh aGTEG
L M - dU
Hd edG jjG fCG
,Q``` X ``` a``` ``` ` ` ` dGh
TdH ``````G GAG`` ` `LEG
aGTEG `` F`` X`` dG `````d
OGYEG ``dP Sh ,`` jQGOGh
GQNG AG``LE dGh
;FXdG ```d Td
QGOEG QG``b QGSG M
GQNG S H
HG AG`` LEGh Jh
jG G```TEGh SFH dG
,KQG S H S dG
I`` `FG`` `H `` ` `` `` `G `` j`` ` `` `Yh
FGhOh jdG OQG`` G J
.jjG
k ..dWh k dW 332 jH e c
GZ
jG O``Y jh ,TH e c e
e , J ```j``Nh ```j``N 332
Je ``e SjQddG ``LQO M ``e jN 18
SG J dSG eL e dG
SGh ,YCG SGQOh SGh ,YCGh BG
.YCG SGQO Jh BG SG Yh
YSEG gGR - e
ddG adG jH ,G``Z ,e c
dG WdG HdGh SjQddG M e IY
MU ``j``Y``H ``dPh ,2012/2011 ``O``cCG d
dPh ;S BG OM H S H GL dG dG
QNCG
jDhdG - e
jdG `` jRh `````dG ``` ``H G``` Y ``H ``` MCG ``` e ``b
jdG jQG e Od IQjH dG eCG G OQG``eh bEG
de b IQjdG e h .U jh gJ QG FGh
q M jdH dG dG qH
S Y ``b``dG
G G jH G b M KCG e AV Yh a dG
PJG j CH eCGh ,b Y VdG Y de WCG M ,jOhCG
.LY Hh QdG Y eCG Gg SG GAGLG
WJ EG U QGhO e jdG j jRdG e b c
QGhO H ``gCG b e dG a ``c ``dGh dG S
OGG ``e ``j```dG ``bh f ``g``G ``H ```S``N ```H``Mh
Vd G G e dH dG de Lh
q bh .jQhG
ObG
JG jRh
dG Qhj QadG
jDhdG - e
jDhdG -e
ObG IQGRh Y IQOU jM fH XCG
T ```````dG ``````dG ``` e q CG ``` W``dG
H ``G ```dG ``e ``jG``a T k`Y```JQG
c ,2011 Y e KG dH fQe (%3^7)
e HdG dH fQe (%0^3) H JQG
.G dG
JQG ``e ``Z``d``H `` fq CG EG ``f````dG Q``` TCGh
T (% 0^3) H dG dG TDG
q CG EG ,``H````dG `````d``H ``fQ``` e 2012 ``jG``a
dGh ,dGh HhGh FGdG OGG Y
T ,dG gCG e (%30) GM J
YG ``gCG ``eh .(%0^6) H k``V````fG
g Q````SCG ``V````fG ```g```S ```dG ```FG```dG
GhG Y IdG J N YG
Y h ,(%8^3) H gQSCG fG dG
.(%1^4) H gQSCG fG dG cGdG
dGh Jeh dG Y EG ``a```VEG
e q CG c .(%0^3) H gQSCG fG dG
QdG OGSG M
JHh Qe e q G
jDhdG -e
L `` H OGD` ` `a Q`` ` c`` dG ``` e Q`` ` `UCG
dG Ih`` dGh ``YGQ``dG ``jRh G``L````dG
OGSG M Y j k` `jQGRh kGQG``b ```eCG
Jeh ``` J``` ` ` eh `` ` `G Q`` ` `` `dG
Qe O`` ` G ``jQ``` ` L `` e ``` J``` ` flh
G S GhR dPh ,JH h
QGdG G``g ``JC`jh .CdG GH QG``b Qh```Uh
G jdG ```G UJ Y Ak ```H
GH QG``b Qh```Uh G S GhR ``h
.CdG
H hdG jJ H
dG Lh zadG{
jDhdG - e
G GY H N IOS dG
U ,Y YUh IQ aZ FQ
S ``H Q``M dG ,`````dG ``` eCG
IQGOEG ````FQ `````dG ```M ``H
FdG `````H `` dPh ;`````dG L
AYCG `` `e O`` ` Y Q``` ` ` Hh ,``a``` ` d
H ``` M ;``` ` ` G IQGOEG ````
YUh IQ`` aZ H hdG jJ
QdH J dG dG Lh Y
G `` ` YOh ``` J``` ` ` ` eh ``` ` ` dGh
G e dG GgCG d
adG `` HCG ``bh ,``` W``dG O``` ` ` bGh
Jdd YOh G ``e fhJ
H ``c``` ` G O`` ` `G `` e R`` ` `J `` ` `dG
.Gh UG dG
gCG Y YUh IQ aZ QJh
OGaCG Y feh WdG Ih``dG ``g
Je e IOSG IQhVh ,G
YdG ``e ``j```dG ``` fEG G
aCG G``` ` ` SGh ``` a``Gh ``` FG``` dG
..J jG dSCGh FSdG
G GY H N IOS QTCG bh
CG EG Y YUh IQ`` aZ FQ
eY IQH YGQdG dG dhCG adG
,Ge egG UN IQH dGh
;GAdGh Gh``` dG ``e ``j```dG ````fh
Q`` ` ` dG `` V`` ` `eh Ih`` ` ` f :`` ` `` `` `H `` ` `eh
-20) IdG N Y dGh fdG
gCG Y ``cCG dG (2010S21
fE ````j````dG Q``` ` dG ``Y````U `` YO
IOe e ae b GP IjL e
dGh dG YdG aJh ,G dG
ee jQe AfE ``Gh
J dBG jJh QdG fEGh YGQR
e e Sj QdG h
.LQGh G GSCG UGeh
ObG
He
e a JGSEG Fe OQe
q dP fL EGh jPdG
Y SCG jW AfEG
dG Ohq Rh FdG dG EG j fG dG b
e ``` G ``j````J H d ``` G ``NC` ``H
YCG Igd Yb EG aVEH ..dG IH
dH bGGh dG Z hG q jh .dG
VY TT Jfe RHCG eh G jJ Hh
ILCG J ``` ```J```eh ``` bG``G ``f````d
IOLG ILCG bG /GOS /fh fhdEG
.h dH
EG hH bGGh dG fCG J c
IQGG H TfGh OdG Sd RL /39/
LQO dG Sd RL /100/h dG fSN
a ```h dY ``bO GP ```fq C`H J IQG`` G
ILCG ``e O``Y ``L``j ```c .``` Gh dG G`` MCG
G Sd fG dGh FdG VM jf
eS d Ie IQH dG g e Hq G
eRdG GAGLEG PJGh IFGdG jdG e dG
hG jh .```Kh``M ``M Y Id
QeCG /3/VH FdG dG L NGO kf kjCG
jJh Gh bGG VGZC QeCG /4/ JQGh
Gg M ,S jH dG e HG G
S H fL QH OhR bh ..dG W Y dG
Y AG V d GH /122/ H Ljh e
g ``c``G ```U``d I``` LCG /4/h ````dG ```S```SCG
d U /18/h RdG Ud ILCG /4/h dG
EG aVEG ..aG G bG RL /50 /h bGG
fGG bG kGH /18/ O``Y hH Lj ``dP
G ieh VdG H dG aG
.aG
KJ Ve
ce A````fEG V OGh S he j c
dG 2 /1281/ GH QJ M QGh```d
feEH bG j M FdG dG e jdG
.eT jY IH Y H bG Ige
j Jh KJ Ve Y cG jh
Ve h````jh ,hH j ``e ``c Y AdG
OGe VGSG ``N ``e ;``fG``G L ``e A``G
SGH jEGh HdG dH Feh f
.hG Gg d
qCG EG ``j``LCG ```dG ih`` G ``` SGQO N c
AH qCGh ```G jJ Y dY IQ```H R ``b``G
OGdG b e Ge /73Q 8 / JQH OGdG Y S
e e e e /100/ G``M j CG
h dhCG dG edG OGYEG Yh ;G
.jbh G OGeEGh V OGh S
q `` bh
Me Y hG ````dG `````J
FdG ``j``` ` dG `````J hCG ``` M``G ``````J
.OGd fGh
GOGeEG he ebEG a fdG MG eCq G
HfC FdG G AfEGh jbh G
A``` ` fEGh ```H ```U``G ``` Gh ``` G ````U``J
gJ S dG Gh dG h dG
.Gh AHd edG dG b e
jS AfEG ``e hd hCG MG dCJh
dG ``` j / QG`` ` G /``j``b ``` YCG ``` bG``dG ```````H
q dG FdG
OGd FdG iG Y DhfEG
Id idG IdG Y fG dGh V
Y adG e eh G jd dPh jdG
IH ``` G i`````e ```J``j ``e```Y I````dG ``g
.jdG
d eCGh edG e Qb cCG LCG eh
q V OGh
FdG dG Sh e AfEG
SCG Fd VM AfEGh fdG e jd
`````G ``e ``` a``` G ``` G ``b``W `````d ``` ` dG
idG ``G dG SCG OG``dG G``G
e ``a```J ```M I```c fa a ``a```J ```dG
.FdG dG b a j H dG
fSG e dG Se FdG dG q T bh
LGG ``f``G Y ````SCGQ ```LGh ``dh "ccG"
fG Y Fe LQe LGhh jdG Id
kGOhe G NC kLH dc dG jh ..``NB G
YJQG Y ``ZEG kHfCG /11/ `H
.jG e G jJ q c q d
G H IdG Z Y fG dG jh
MdG ``bG````d ```U```d ``````J ``f``c ``` dGh
q bh OGdH
QdGh HJCG e dG Gg J
q h ,I````dG IQ``` Gh
Y ``` SCGQ ``W```H ``jh``J
fdG e
a ``j``b ``jh V OGh ```S j
Jf `` ` `dG `` ` `F`` G `` jQ`` ` `` `G `` gCG `` ` `MCG ``` ` ` e
dGh FG OQG``G eGSGh J H dG
UGe ``ah SdG ``j```G ````aCG ``ah U
.eCGh edG J Y
jQG Yf f hG Gg jh
jdG dG QJ M dG IG FG
c ..````e ``e e 100 G``` H ````dG I````d
G e kjS e e e /35/G`` M aj
/GH Q```J Me jdG I```H J a
EG Gec / 6 /a ``gh kGQ````g /350
j a ..FdG dG g ``e ```YCG
.kGec /28/GM AeG Y IdG
e IOSG EG V OGh S he jh
aGh dG J dG OG``dG fa e
YGQdG eG d dG SG Y
dG ``` ` SCGh OG`` `dG i`` ```Y ``W``` Gh i```d``H
iNCG dG eGSGh dG e aJh
a JGSEG Fe OQe aJh jb jd
Y bGdG id jG dG aj c ..e
J jh fdG W e OGdG i
.H MdG dG
Yhe `````V OGh ``` S h``` ` e `````J ``` jh
FG OQG`` ` ` G ``` ` ` Jh IQGOE k` q ` ` e k` ` ` ` JG``` SG
eO j eCG SG dSGh
VdG EG aVEH fdG dG fGL ``aQ
e d dG O```jEGh ,MdG ``fG``G H
FSG ```N```G AG`` `fCGh fdG ```N
UGh ``e```dG ``````Gh GhQCG ``e```S j
.jdG Y QG HdG AVEGh
V OGh ```S J ```Y ``e```G Y ``bh
1978 ```dG ```e CG`` H ```dG ``q ```dG ```SGQ```d k``ah
WG fdG e M feEG j VH
jG ``eG`````SG e IO`````SGh jdG
dG JhQdG SGQdG g N M IGh
/QGG /jb be QNG EG 1993 Y jLCG
q dG MGdG e ``F``Gh fG G gQYH
dH FG GG M he M Y M J zbEG jdG {
CG EG aVEH FG OQGd ddG IQGOEGh d SSCG
JGSG OG`` YEG kSSCG kGQhO J ``F``G G```G G``j```J
Gg GS G FGdGh fGdG jJh FG SdGh
.G ObG OQG
jJh ``F``G G``` G ````M CG c G ``` VhCG ```c
IadG hCG dG ``j```Jh I``a```G ```G ````ch jdG ```e
qCG EG Ge ,FG OQGd Wh N C SSCG FG
e ``c FG OQG``G d Wh H eb dG
dG G Qe gQYG NCG dGh2000h1991 eY
. 2020 Y jd
a H S FG GG M he qCG cdH jG
dH FG OQGG d WdG Gh SGQdG YO
d jdG d FMGh fdG aJ N e
.fdGh jOhCG aJh QeCG
jDhdG e
q
jjG G OQG``eh bEG jdG IQGRh f
jh M he M Y M G OQGe d edG
dG G Jh ,jQd IAdG ``dPh FG G```G
e OY G g Qjh .G AHQCG j M ,eCG CGH
OY kjCG Qj c dH eG dG h AGG
dN e J dGh IQGRdG bCGh FGhO G e
Y jQJh G Gg G fdG QOGdG gCJ EG
.FG GG H UG LdG GSG
J ``Y je Ye G jdG Y QcdG ```VhCGh
aJ J CG G aG N gdCG c N G OQG``e
,FG GG M GjJ Y J eGSGh G GOGeEG
IcdG ``` ``F``G G``` G Ud ```G ````dG qCG EG ``g```e
ObG
```H```e
IjG dG j HdG Y H
z20 Y HdG{ TD
jDhdG e
bEG Y h H eS dd d Y
Gg q CG kG``cD` e ,``V``` dG G``g ``cQ``````d ````dG
dG dG ie h e H q Y dO dG
IFGQ de SDc dhdG dG H H j
Jh ``Y````e ae ``e``N ```J `````G
jDhdG - e
fdG -e
zd WdG JGSG Vh{ jQdG IQh``dG ```YCG CG``H
edG jjG e hdH ,zh``jBG{ dhdG dG e J dG
.jCG S I Jh ,YdGh IQdG IQGRH jGh UGd
IQGRh ch jdG M H MCG SG IOS IQh``dG aG M YQ
je G Uf H OS Uh .YdGh IQd YdGh IQdG
IQhO g IQh``dG g CH ,YdGh IQdG IQGR``H jGh UGG Y
JGSG Vh H J gh ,HdG hdG ie Y bEG
c Y cQG jQH eS jVG CG e ..d WdG
g d ``bCG Y GS K I iG IH JGSG N OG``YEG
:fl ee cQG e W fCH VhCGh .cQG dG
M SGQO g Sh ,dG Y eeh ,YLGh ,jObG
hdG c WdG dG d JGSG G OGYEG c M
.HdG
q
(hjBG) Vh dG jdG G QWEG JCJ IQhdG g CG Hh
fdG -e
fdG GQO``` ` dG J ```Y ``j``a ```Y
Od d YLG ,G``ND`e ,dG Z CG
IOSd ;jQdG fGG fl M AGQBG
b Jh jJ UG dG IN e
LGJ dG HdGh bG Mh jdG
.fdG jQG
QSG `` jh`` d ``e``` dG ``` ` ` dG `` ` Jh
`` MG`` b I``` c ``` ` gCG GQO`` ` `` `dG ``` ` ` Jh
j ;UN H jQGh YdG
jGhdGHgeNheHjGMdGSG:dGGdG
Xe b e IYG dEG eqb M ;dGh e EG
JJ N e JLh EG dG e Gh dG GdG
jad IcDGh MG dG FGH VY fCH Y ,jH
dP d ;``` eCG ````Nh e Q``` e Gh``LG``J ``j``dGh
CG EG dG GdG Q```TCGh .GQq d WdG cdG eN
fk ge G``j aVEG ``MQ dhLh jG dG SG
dH Y dG GdG YCGh .N dG hH
JeN bJ AGL Hcd H J b YREG CG Y QGYGh SCG
.LdG H jG
jDhdG-e
Uh d G FSdG c qj fCG dG GdG cCG
.JLh EG jae
Nh e ``H ``j``G ``````dG ``b``J ```H ``fC` H ``` VhCGh
,GNDe dG e AG``LCG JT dG edG UdG H
6 OY AdEG EG VG ,e afi jG G``MCG Adh
ie Jh jG GMCG Ad f ;N EGh e MQ
q .jDhdG
N e jaG cdG e edG eCH fCG Hh
e OH QG dW c .QG YCG
dG `` gPCG Y ```dG i`` NCG FdG
UCG I``Y````dG ``e``bh ,```SQ```dG QL ``e
He INCG cQe e Fb jG
H ,Q````G SG ``d``f ````G ``Y```T
k YJ
k
e L
GhCG``HCGh QG GUCG Y
c ``dG HGdG R``e dCG YdG Fb
bOU SMCGh Ie hQ ``e dG j
.dG QL H QT
`
`
c
Gk
Q
`
`
` M `````eCG ````Th
e O``` d G
k
OYh IQ`` H`` G `` jh IRQ`` ` dG ````````dG
aMh ``jhh jdG AGdG eCG e
afi ``` ` Hh ``` W``` dG `` ` `Lh ``` ` T
G dG H GhO``` TCG ``j``dG dG
He ..eCd IQ``H``G O``f eb ``dG
J e GhgT gah gRGYG Y
abh ``j``cD`eh ..AG`````dGh d jJh
g ```e ``YO IQ``H``G O`` f IQGOEG ``f```H
eCG N h .jdG eCGh GQOG
,eCG cQG AGdG SG YGQ c
YGdG :gh eCd YGdG G dch
TY h``` dEG ``YG``dGh ,fY FdG
,G e ah dG IjLh Y
,dG M H S G Y Gh
jQcJ ``j``g O``` dG ````FQ `````dG ``b ```c
.eCG YGd
eCG g CG SG S dG cPh
adG ``` ` ` fCG ``e ``e````e ````V ``JC` J
M ;2012 dG IQHG Od YLGh
jdG `H G MG OdG S
fl EG ```L``G `````fCGh ```d````dG ``e
QH JZQh de G WCG
dG d dG ee ,MG feEG
FQ Ff SG S H S H dN
dGh ,eCG jYH d dhdG
J ```Y AG``` ` ` dG G`` ` `NCGh I`` ` NCG ```d
eCG d YGdG SDG T c IYd
.G eN G gQhOh jdG
Fbh Ie YGHEG AGdG b ,gH
e c ``cQ jdG QG fl
e CG EG AG``` ` ` dG ``q ``j ``q ` Y `````dG ```Y
Y je ..HY SMCGh Va Ye
bY Y jdG G fCGh dG QCH
AGdG e jdG dCG c G dG GH
SG h dGh ``W``dG ``M Fb
.jdG dG e gZh dGh
M ``H ```U``f O`````dG ``Y````dG Q``` Th
JOS ``Y G```e ,Th dG ```Uh
ee H SG dG IhHh ,IQjdG H
gFbh d M Y a j L Fb
LCG SQdG a YdG b c ,Th
dGh ,G YT a QT dG FdG
M Y M J zYdGh IQdGz
YdG dG LfEG
fdG -e
{ :GY hCG dG M eCG oY
IOS ``j``Y``H ,``Y`````dGh IQ````dG IQGR`` H z```L```fEG
YdGh IQdG IQGRh ch G S H MCG
efH N V ``dPh ;```d``Gh `` `jQGOEG hD````d
.2012 d YCG e
Y ge be ````dG M ``N h
,AGOCGh ,IA````dG) :```e ;dG GP G ``e
ch (````Y```dGh ,```````dG `` ` fEGh ,``` L``` fEGh
a G G J c .Jh XG AGOCG e
eG eh ```YCG ``LQ H JG Gb
gCJh jQJ N e YCG LQ Ifeh
Jh Jh JYeh YdGh IQdG
jG ``` d``` SCGh ````SC G ``ah `` ` jQGOEG ```JGQ```e
N e LQN hCG NGO fc AGS ;GG OJh
cQG jJh efdG AYC LQG GQjdG
IOjRh XG AGOCG jJ d G GgCH
fHdG HdG Y dGh fG ```fEG
LfEG IO``jR IO``G Jh jdGh IQGOEG
jG JGSH cQG jJh fG
G G ``g Q````jh .AGOCG jJ
UG dH IFGdG GAdGh dhDG e OY
.eGh
UQdG
dG M dG GQq dH OTCG
TdG Y H -jJ
qCG dG ```UQ```dG O``G Y "hGJ" jOdG
dG GQhCd e S dhDH adG GAd
OYh dG WSdG cTh G d edG dGh
Ua d `` JCG ,``b```dG GP `````H ``dhD```G ``e
UQdG JT dG IdG GQdG Y dG
jdG jQdG X VG GdG N fdG
GQhC` `d e ```S qCG Q````YG ```Y ```H J ```dG
IQjdG qCG EG QTCGh .G GSCG bCG e dG
O`` EG EG `````f``d ``` ` dG ````d k ``````SG A`` L
J J CG ke ,jdG eH dG UQdG
Od edG G LG N dH OG
e AYCG IQjR qCG jdG VhCGh .G HcCG
dG GQhCd e S EG dG UQdG OG
e jdG M dG Lh Od Ua kjCG JCG
gjJ Jh G G```SCG J dG VGG
kjCGh ,eG dG Lhh GN OJ N e
GQhCd e S JT dG Qq dG e IOSG
Y (hG``J) jOdG UQdG je q Yh .dG
Hh ```H```dG ``` UQ```dG JT ``` dG GQ``` ` dG
jM HdG bGSCG qEG dH ,fdG UQdG
GdG ``N I```L G```b M q dh ,I````Uh
Yh jNBG Q e IOSG g gCGh ,INCG
HY bGSCG g qCG EG kGe ,dG f e AdG
fh ,dG UQdG OG EG efG S
AL dG jY e f jOdG UQdG
,dG GSCG e UGJ Ic GYCG KK e bCG b
q
,bGSCG Y jJ Ib Jh HQ Y fh
dG G GSCG bH e j qCG f e G``gh
gQhO Mh ,G bdG HPL jObH J
.dG GSCG OG ie ad
bGe Y
jdG GY
jW L
dG ej dG IQG dG Y K GPEG
aEGh cdG cM V JG jdGh
dG GQhCd e S kVGh kGQJ J dG
.G GSCG EG aVEG gh
HY G``` SCG ``K ```g qCG ``j``W L ``` VhCGh
FSCG Y Sh ,O``G jd Te IjL
g M qCG EG Ge ,````G ``H```cCG T ``N
kdhO ``a``YG ``` j ``` e``` dG ``j`````dG ``` Y G`` ` `SCG
,HdG dG GSCG JT ``dG Qq dG i
GSCG HQCG jY kdM j OG qCG EG gq e
.HY de
Ic GQq J
UQdG ``j``e jdG dU ``H G Y `` cq CGh
adG e d Ya cQe
GdG Y ```dG d jY````dG
gG MG
LddG dG ie Y adG Jh ,H
Mh hGdG IQhH J dG fhdEG fCGh
dG ge ieh ,fdG Hh gG S
.jObG dG
dG jJ
UQdG OG ah LG ,dG Y S h
Xe QH G d edG dG e dG
FdG dG S H GY IOS SFH dG
dN e J ,``G d edG d dG
``G ```S ````f ```Y J ```dG jdG ```Y
.gQJ MGeh fhe ieh dG
dG IQGRh Y e adG LG dP Hh
dGh WSdG cTh Y YUh IQ aZh
M dG GQhC`d e S qEG gG bh
S e cCG e OG bGe Y jY Y
J Y IgL dG Y bdG dP eh ,GYCG
Y ````G ``LCG ``e O`` G j ```dG ``j```G
eJ 2011 ``Y e h ,a edG jdG
.jdG ec c OG EG fG H
e ah b Q``G dG e jGa ``fq CG VCGh
dG eCG V d IQjH dG UQdG OG
GORdGh fCGh cW e c UQH Y h
aVEG ,jOdGh OQCGh ``` dh ``` c``Jh ``` ` ehCG
dL Q``WEG ,HdG UQdG O``G ``Y ``eCG EG
GQhCd e S qCG e cCdG ``LCG e J
jdH ````gD`J ``` dG ``j`````H ``e``` dG ``b ``` d``G
.Od edG
q `` fq CG EG ``g``G Q``` TCGh
GAdG ``N ```c``dG
GGh Xeh dG IQGOEG IAc Y cG
FGd dch ,`` G G``` SCG `` ``g``````cG ``` dG
aEGh adG ieh GQOG hTh hGdG
LQG ``c``` ` dG G`` ` `dGh ,``` ` dG ``` H `````J ``` dG
e S dG W Y aj k jeCG k dW 13
jDhdG -e
jDhdG -e
kdW 13 ``jQG``M L dG GQhC` d e S SG
QG SGQdG efH QWEG dM dG hQhj kjeCG
S gT dG GQdG Y dG q Jh .jeCG d
HbdGh jdGh dG fGL dG GQhC` d e
FGG aQCG dG e M dG dG fGG EG aVEH
QhO Y ``FG``dG dG ``ah q J c .dGh bEGh G
f
IG NCG /G NCG
,e N Y J SS fq C jNBG H Y dG hCG ,SdG afG Y UQdG AGdG f aJ
jh h``NBG j M hj hdG gh ,Y SCG Y ke QSG j CG j dh
.hNBG j M
ObG
``````G ````S
OdG G Y aG e TDG
HQCG L
ZdH ,YSCG dG dG h
``` ` ` Y O`` ` Lh ``jQG``` ` ` SG `` e
FH Y aM ```TD`G CG EG ,`` HQCG
fcP c ,f 5^920 ie ``a
TDG A```H ``Lh ``Y HdG fjJ
,G I```dG ``N iG G``g ``a
JQG j CG G ``e ``dGh
Jfa) f 6^018 ie e
TDG S CG adG ``eh .(%38^2
ddG J e A``L iG G``g ``a
SCG SG ```dG ``jQ``````SG
Y AH .ddGh IG jRdG GP
bdG dG G``` TD` G ```H```jEG
N HjEG AGOCG dG UGj C`H
.G SCG
UdG CG ``` J``f``` H I`` Y`` b ``` ` Jh
;dH I``a```e ``dGR``e ``jQ``````SG
S ``` dG ``c``` ` dG O`` Y ``` H ``` M
bCG bdG EG jadG b f
OG`` YEG ``` ```M ``c```T 37 `` MGh ``e
.jdG
fi QNCG
H OM IOS cCG ,G QNCG h
cG d dG FdG QS
H UG jdG CG ,o dG
e O S eSG dG Y
d dM H G G fdG
bG e e e fb dP Y
dG ``e hCG `````dG ``N Qh``` U
LG S ,e S h .G
dG cG dG afi
OY ``` ` b``` e `` ` G `` ` `` `SCG `` `N
IFdG S :e ;````VG``G ``e e
edG jQdG dG VJ ``dG
,dG ``Vh```dG ```Y dG
jdG dG ```YCG ``eO ```V``eh
,h`` `dG `` ` `Yo ``` H `` e (HSBC)
jQSG cd dG EG ``a```VEG
cT ``` ` SCGQ ```J```g````e IO``j``H
;OdG ```e```dG ``LC ` ` dGh ``j````dG
Y ``J```S````fG ``d `````S `` dG `` eCG
UN) dG GP YdGh cdG
;G IdG N (dG LQG
.d fG j dG eCG gh
UN -jDhdG
SCG hG`` `J d `` `YEG ``j
S Y %6 f JQG Y G
.d ..Q 0^279
JQG ``dG ``e``G TDe ``dP J
EG ``Y````SCG ``S```SCG ```Y %0^52 H
SCG e YH f 2^734^1 ie
QhH i`` `cCG ``c``` Th ``` ` JG ``c``` T
e c CG EG IQ```TEG Q``h G``g .cH
fo dG cdG gh JG cT
fo dG cdGh (fY)
o Jd
GS (SQdG) Jd jdG
M ;``G SCG N JL
e 99^7 O```j ``e ``jR``J Q```G ``e
.jf jRc ..Q
je AGOCG
;cj GJ G TDG j h
UN SC je AGOCG ``c M
``Y```JQG S `` dGh dG ````dG
h``dG Yo Hh QU H SCG
e H S ``e ``c ``LG``J ``M
ie Y TDG ```ZCGh .QX Hh
.f 6^917^54
`` ` `` `SCG `` ` N ``` ` ` e ``` H `` ` `bh
e QG`` ` ` ` `UEG ``` ` f ``j``` ` H ``H``` ` dG
EG ``eG``dEG d HdG G`````dG
CG H ,.Q e 16^157 H SCG
.Q 0^515 d jdG S j
KCJ QYG H ``NCG Hh ,d
jQH IQG fG SCG jRJ
dG ``j`` ```j ``` Sh .``SQ``e 18
e SQe 20 j GdG e G
.dG jJ M 2014 dG
`` ZEG ````S CG EG IQ`` ` `TEG Q`` `h
dG dG jJ b dG S
d d ``e``` dG `````dG ``` ` L
dG LGj CG b d .Q 0^639
0^605 S Y SCG hGJ jh
.d .Q
c S
q ,jG hGJ Hh
Xe LGJ hGdG bh OY e
69^8 EG GdG Y %19^8h %35 H
;.Q ````e 19^74 H ````S ````e
jG LJ QGSG G j
QGh ````SCG AG```T FfG EG
N HSCG 6 e Ie hCh .Y H
dG e G SDG QSG
Oj H Hh W H ``c EGh
LCG QSG S M ,cj
e 0^45 H H Xe LhN
b ```fi `````SD`e `` NO ```H``b ,.Q
..Q e 0^61 AGT H
YSCG YJQG
- ``Y`````dG ``` TD` G Q````J ,``k `Y```bh
YSCG ``Y``` JQG - ```VGh Hh
e efG) SEG cT e YH
Sh (````dG ```M``f FG Jf
IjG cTh dU Me cT
YJQG e ,``j``j``G d
EG ``Y````SCG ``S```SCG ```Y %1^34 H
2011 dj `` NGhCG e ``d `` ZEG ```YCG
.f 6^624^61 ie Y
b EG dG IO``Y Y dO h
SSCG `````dG ``jQ``` ` eh GA``` ` fEG
dG I`` ` `G O``` ` dG ``` ` a ,````````d
Sd Q``` ` L ``c``` T `````Y `````M
G cT YCG ,G``ND`e h```Gh
he ``` Y ```d````M ``Y ````S````dG
d ``jQ```H ```d``J ```fi A````fEG
Y f J cT dd IQG``G
c ``dG `` eCG ;.Q e 6^9
EG ``jk OD` e dG Y dG `` KCG ``d
%3^7 H ej Se J
ObG
hO S
j gdG
eYe ````G ``` eCG hCG ``g``dG ```b
QGSG Y SCG fCG d ,hQdG OH
bEG QfGh V cSG W Sh
``e dG ```G ```Y jG
.jObG bdG
jQdG ``e```G ``g``dG S Uh
bhCd QhO 1664^10 EG H 1 G``M
bH 16:00 ``Y````dG ````H (``` ` fhCG)
H e ie e ae ,jL
G ```dEG g ``dGh QhO 1627^68
.HdG
1^62 d ``g``dG h``M dG ``Mh
.bhCd QhO 32^10 EG H
H FH `````dG G``g ``g``dG ```eh
jG O````YG J ``e H 2 G``M
e ``gh ``` j``eCG O`````bG ``T````fG C```H
GP`` `e ``` fC` H ``` J ``` dG `` `` ` UCG ``` L
fGG GSh gdG e -eBG jQSG
SCG ``e fQe HPL ``bCG -````j``eCG
.IFdG JG dGh
j zfL hGO {
hCG ``e``` J ``` ` j``eCG ``` ` SCG ``` fCG
V eJ JQG Y G eCG
bdG ``c``` T ``` ` SC ```S``` ``e``Y``e
fG OQfS TDe GR eh ,SSCG OGGh
ZQ M OdG Y IQb j 500-RQH
.dG jGH e S SCG K J
SC YdG ``f``L hGO ```TD`e ```fCGh
hGdG L idG jeCG cdG
hCG f 34^59 Je jS hh UQH
JQG H ,f 13080^73 EG H 0^27
bf ```ShCG 500-RQ``H ``fG OQfS TDe
1397^11 Y d H 0^31 hCG f 4^33
dG ````G G```S``f ```TD`e ``` ZCGh .````f
Je LddG cT SCG Y J
.f 3067^92 Y H 0^15 hCG f 4^60
SCG RQ``H fG OQfSh fL hGO jh
JdG Y H 0^5h H 1^1 e
.H 0^4 GSf U M
RjhQ - VjdG
cdG - jdG
RjhQ -Qjf
eCG hCG jQhO GM fH LBG OdG QSCG U
Gb hCG G```bhCG jG H CG ``Y A```fC`H eYe G
eGdG HdG HdG jJ e GjEG dG e JGOQGh
Od HhQhCG SdG N fCGh .hdG GW efH c EG
ObG
10
hO
RjhQ -Qeg ,d
e ``W ````e ````f ```f CG ``Y ``jQ`` QO````e c
cH J GjEG CGh FQ GjEG Cae EG Uh G
.HdG HdG Od QdG jd jH Qc cJ
bJ PEG ,dG e Jje jd IgL GjEG Jh
LEG ``e c A``L AG```T Y jJ a ``MGh T
Z H jS Ih``Y ``a``Jh bG jdG JLM
HGVG O``` Jh IO````G HdG Y dd Qh`` dG
HCG ``c``e i``d ``j``G ``a ```H .``` L `` bh .```Y````LG
VdG `` eG`` Y `` X " :``` ` fh``c ``` ` ` J``JG `` ` j`` eCG
Uh feEGh jhdG JBe Le Mc ..IOLG
AcH dG j IG jdG G EG IjL IQGOEG
J h ."QeCG Qgd AGdG fh jd
T GjEG hdG efdG V LG HdG HdG
AL Y fGjEG cdG M dG HdG d AGdG
jQdG SDG NJh .`````dG G dG ``e c
MCG ``e I`` `NCG `` `fhBG ``j``````H `````d ```e```G
.UG dG e fGjEG jG
.. ``Y``a``G ``````e ``L``J " :Q`` ` Q``` ` e `` bh
CG VCGh ."HdG J H GSH iJ QeCG
."OGd cJ cH J eG jQdG SDG"
e QdG Od f 2010 Y N
H IQdG cM Jh .dhdG Jg
kYJQG i``NCG jSBG h``dGh G
dG e IQdG fc a .kGNDe kGe
`````e IQ`` ``e ```a %2 ```
JQG d .2001 Y G hdG
JCd ,2010 ``Y %11 EG d YH
.W H ``H```dG H ```dG ``c``G
e dG e QdG OdG JQG Hh
N G IQ LEG e %10 EG %4
C kG```fh .2010-2001 ``e``Y ``H I```dG
GOQGd jQnne cCG g dGh dG
hO Q````dG G```G H
jG YCG G hdG
Y ``Y QO``` U ```` ````M ``````dG
H dG QdG GG h , QNB
.G EG GOQGdGh GQOdG b
dG FdG CG EG GjdG Jo h
JCj `` dGh ,d Q````dG G``` G
,RdGh ````dG GQO``` U ``e `````FQ H
.2011 ``Y ``N QhO Q````e 520 ```H ``b
Fa cCG K Vp hj G Ggh
.dG M `` dGh Q````dG G``` G
QdG G``` G ````dG K ```o ```c
HdG G Mh .I````G ``j```d
GG ``` F``a ``` ` f k` ` j``` J ``jO``` ` ` dG
,QhO Q````e 245 ```Y d Q``` ` dG
IG ``` H``` dG GQ`` ` ` ` eEG ``g``` H A`` ` Lh
b ``dhO ``K ,QhO Qe 94 H FH
ojh .QhO Qe 79 H FH
Id ``f``c ``H```dG CG QNB ``Y```
hCG QdG jdG OY
hU fH VJh .G hdG
%16 Y PSG HdG CG hdG dG
GOQGh ``e %6 ```Yh G GQO``` U ``e
jQc CG ``` c .2010 `` Y `` N ``` ` ` G
e ```e ``jQ`` ```j```T ````J ```H```G
%4h GQOdG e %10 H jW Ia
Jo h .``` dG f d GOQG`` `dG
GG Fa gG ``cCG ```dh``dG
JGOQGh C kG``` f ;```````d Q``` ` dG
EG ````JGQO```U H Rh````J G ``e
GG FdG f A``L ``bh .G
G h````dG Q````dG
T H Y eCdH J HhQhCG
dj hCG M GjEG dG
RjhQ - chH
EG G GjEG dG T H Y eCdG ASG Y HhQhCG OG aGh
S fEG Fb ,G``jEG e G GOQGh Y Vj dG G e ``HhQhCG Z We
.YG dP H ASG Gg QGSH S g CH je e b GQGb
Y ``HhQhCG O``G hO LQN AGQRh aGh chH dG dH LG h
dG G J CH YGdG ``e eM V G LGeh ASG G``g
fjS CGH dG- HhQhCG G jdG FHd Sh .GjEG V HhQhCG
HhQhCG cT e J Y H GjEG dG AGT e -jj jQJ H
Y eCJ J Y G SBG jG Y ASG Gg Sh .eCd
.HhQhCG cT e eCJ AZ d dG dG bf SCG dZ C ;JT
J HY QWEG GjEG e dG OGSG M Y jj HhQhCG OG JGh
d j hdG fH CG Td eSEG jQG Y dY Vd
AdG J ``e O````H ``eC``dG IO`` YEGh ``eC``dG cT e G jh .SCG
JG ,i``NCG Mf e .dH e CG fGjEG GO``bh hCG eN d eCdG
ae fGjEG ASCH Fb EG T 17 aVEG Y `` HhQhCG O``G eM
cfG WQJ H O``G hO EG dG Y Mh UCd H
.fEG
cdG - TGh
QhO ``` ` e 88^6 `` Y `` ` `j`` eCG ``S````` dG `` ` aCG
L ``b ``f``c dG d jJ G``Y`````c
eRCG e dG fCT e IN ,TCG S e cC
Y j dG dG ObG e j dG dG
LGJ H G``eCG Y G``aEG ``bh .dhdG GYG
Y jT fG d VQe Y jQL jY
bh .SM cM Y J dG IZ b EG LJ
GaEd gOGSG Y GL c SdG Ff HYCG
VG ZCG e L ``dG ``f```G e ``` LEG ``Y
: zGQdG WMG{
j dG aCG SQf
G dG
WMG ```` ``` ` FQ ``` f``f``H ``H `` b
e G EG (jeCG cG dG) GQdG
SDG Y GTEd dG aCG SQj GR
J YGJ gQfG j b dG dG
.cCH G dG
aG j ``c ``dG -ffH ```VGh
WMG CG -TGh ``e De
dGR ``e i`` NCG ```H``b``dG `````dGh GQ``` ` dG
dG I``j``G dG G`````SG c ``SQ``J
SG dG dG ``eRCG ```YCG d e
.2009 EG 2007 e
Obd bdG Y T ffH cj h
G bGjh .jdG SdG hCG jeCG
CG Y eY CG Y H jT UH
Ye ```J ``SQ``j ``Q GQ````dG WMG
AV G I``F```dG Q````SCG SS A``` fEG
.TfG Y IL QOGH
LGj G dG
jGa N %0^4 EG
dG ``` e CG ``` ` ` SQ ``f``` H `` ` `XCG
0^4 H G QSCH Se G dG
dG Ge f e bCG hCG jGa H
.HdG
QSCG EG d `````dG ````V```G ``d``bh
e H 40 G``M J dG -FGdG dG
0^4 H JQG -G QSC dG TDG
Hh Y b gGe e fQe jGa H
.jj H 1Q 6 H IOjR
Se ``gh -```S```SCG dG CG ``a```VCGh
QSCG jd HG ``c``G dG ej
Y `````H 1^3 H U -SdG I``F```dG
.S SSCG
SSCG dG ```JQG T ``S```SCG Yh
H 0^7 H IO``jR H jj ``e H 0^3
.FGdG dG QSCG
0^9 ```H `` dG- dG EG ``e```G ``d``bh
j e EG Jj CG bG e -2011 H
. 2012 H 2^5 EG
G dG e H 6 Oj e dhdG Jh
YO Y QhO Qe 97 b ddG ```LEG
-dGh dG ee h -SSCG dG
.dG c LCG e dG G dch
J djEG ze {
jdG Ib jd
QhO GQe H
J ``` fCG ``` d``` jG "e" ``c``` T ``` ` YCG
jdG I```b A````fEG h````e ``j````d GOG`````SG
QhO GQ``` ` e `````N ```` (``` G -`` ` `MG)
.GL V IFHh
Y `````S``dG `` ` `fOQCG A`` ` fCG ``d``ch ````fh
CG j je ShCG dG cdG
fOQG dhDe e GLG cdG dhDe
gOGSG Gh`` HG `` dG h````G ``M bd
.GL V IFHh QcG H jd
hO K H hG Gg j CG QG eh
CG bJ Sh FGSEGh ah OQCG :g
eh bdG e OQCG QOe jJ j
97 G``M OQj OQCG CGh UN ,````dG
aCG hdG e jh bdG e LM e G
.dG e QO
(G -``` MCG) jdG I```b he ```jh
G jdG H HJ Ib d e he
e dG e 400 e Ge MCGh
aG ``` G ```j```J ```H Q````dG ``H ``` G
H G dG ie VfGh IdG Y
(fZO) S SGH FGSEG EG ```G j
(jW) I```H ``H ``` ` JG ````f ```Y ``` G
.(OQCG) fh
11
YdGh IQdG
CGdG
dG G Y
` adG Oa ,c ASG EG b eCGh
LPh f N ,GdG d aG dG dG ` k HS
cQG CG Y GhUCG JYO CG dP ,ge IQH JMhh
dSCGdG Y BG j e] jQd FdG dG g
dGh dH ghLCGh Y GhS dG dG P Ggh
EG dGh jdG fGh ,dG MhCG PdG OGSGh
.jhSCG IQdH dEG dBG e
CG ah QYCG d GQGh ,e CT jQda
fEd CG a ,e iRGJh iNCG GQM QYCG EG gRhJ
.k jCG GQG da Gk Oh Gk Y
jOdG j CG dG OGQCG GPE`a d dH k jCG Ggh
P N e HQh jNBG aK gjh ,jQG
gZ e Y j b IgdG g e Ea ,MhCG MGh
SG CG G S Y e Ic GQY ,gGdG e
jQG P````dGh dG ``jh``Jh ``bh```dG A``` dEGh Q````dG
jNBH dG ``YG GPEG ``eCG ,k Yh k Y Yh Y K
IgdG g Ea adG HQh Uh LP e eJh
OJ CG dG IMdG ffEG IgdG S dG]
.IeL Z jQM jOJ EG dG
aJh GQG jJ c f CG X h
a ..OG G``MGh OdG hdGh OdG gdG X
?G Gg j CG eCf
G Oe H Y
M c e dG HdG Jh ``NBG e Gh``dG LGJ eCa
SQ Gg c ah ,``dh f c e FSdGh GeGDGh Uh
aJ L e eJh ,jGh dG dG ANSG Gg
!!Qbh Ab fCch G
J e Jc e eCG VSGh HGdG U IYO j c
Oh ,dGh GQG H dG "jdGh" ed AGdG
dGh HdGh HhdG :"dG" GhOCG YHh !!``e````G
!!Jeh
e ``cC Y HZ U ``b j ,Gk `` NBG dh Gk `` NCGh
EH ``NCG fG M ,Y d ed ,HdG WdG b HQ
aO dG eCG ;Y IQH KGMCGh HdG WdH HdG dG
HdG dG CGdG J eR e j CG EG dG dH
WdG jdG Y G``a ``N Y ``bh dG FG H
cCG eY :dH eR W Y HdG dG OQ a ,HdG
,JSSh H deh G fjOh HdG aK SCG
!!UN jcPh T Yb O a Jee eCG
FShh ebCG hj jdG AD` g e f CG H a
GS N dG e k H ,fGH deh HGK e eYEG
GQdG J ,edGh jdGh GQG QG``Mh adG QGM
e Qhdh !!dG EG deh Jh k J ShCG dG GQdGh
f e M d H ,jNBd fJh fQfEG j dGh JGP
TQCG jQJ c ,gj H j da ?jf GPeh
deBGh eg jh ,j eYE
k G f eh ,IcGdG fN
AdG Y hCG ``VQCG d aJ a ,JMW Ljh
.fCG dG e cCG H jh dG Y aGj
Ali95312606@hotmail.com
ubaydli@gmail.com
?j ek YEG f e
Ae g NCG dGh ,H dGh dG Nh ,AdG EG eh
fGH dG EG fG e ,SQEG YS 24 `d eGdG WQN
hCG d QYG fOCG hO ,GdCG SJh feh GNEG e dG
.dGh jdG
bGh Y gG e j Iaf FdG IdG J CG e a
hCG e CG GdG L CG ,J hCG dhdG g aKh
.k bWEG fGH bGh Y Ie jg
dG jJ - VGh ReHh - HdG ``YEG SG ` 4
dG Lh G geh egh gjbh HGK e HdG
YEG) YdG FSh ``Yh dG fEG M EG dH QfGh
adG J ,HGdH SGh eCG eGc eG aK (dGh
!!dG cH dGh fdGh IdG OGQCG e eG dG
WGG j CG - dc ReHh - HdG ``YEG SG `5
dM j e a IdGh SMEG bh ,IOdG AGH HdG
jJh b e - k e - a j e ia ,L GMCG e
VSG hCG hCG J hO HdG YEG j ,Jh GOHEGh
cT Y eh GMCG d UCG dHh ,bNCGh eCG id
H JM Hf ;"QNCG" SG jJ e M O
jdG QhO Gg Cch ,g HjEG YJ hCG KCJ fOCG hOh jf
!!dG Qbh
HdG Wd QM CG j ,k e HdG ``YE`d HG `6
EG ,IQG``G ``LQOh dG G``MCG Mh ,eYEG FSh
g ,JSSh dG de j ``h ,G G``MCG
!!Ye IQH e h
HHdGh aG QNCG M J HdG ``YEG FSh H
FY G`` bCGh ,I```G ``LhCG L ``Y gf ,```dG ``H``dGh
hCG ```dG SG Ad O``Lh C` H MJ IQH ,``dEG ..JSSh
Y J !!jdGh dG WQN Y HdG WdG hCG HhdG
,dG jQdG be ``Z IQH gh G```d Wh
e ij M IG "cQe Qc" dG LG d c dh
aCG jdG" :IdG JQY S ,KCJ e YEG dEG Uh
AJQGh ,dG aCG YEG" :IQH "jQCdG AJQGh ,dG
"jQCdGh CG
cCa ` dG Gg j e gh ` HdG eYEG EG Of Mh
EG Gj eYEG CH aGgCGh dSQh (``YEG AH dCG) j e
:JBG ah dPh ,ReHh HdG YEd HdG dG ,Gg ej
G AGS eYEG HdG cdG Y d DhSG Gj `1
QNCG M ,e T Hh IQdG hCG G hCG G
d j hO ,dG e YGUh HGKh eCG Yh q J dG
e h ,d RGdG d ,Y dG hCG d e hCG
.GQd IHdG dG
OSG" :GH G
k ` N CGf CG aOG hCG jdG e dh
OGVCG gh ` QfGh OSa "!!jQfG Y a
OQh G C ,SCd HY YEG Sh EG j ` jT
dM H j fCG hCG ,jf fh G jGH dY QG hCG ,Gg
,G YEG Gd YT HG fCG H ,QfG dMh OSG
dhO fG dG "eCG V dhdG" aK jV e Vh
.HdG SG
e e ` Gh HdG bGh eh ` HdG ``YEG ej `2
dHh HGd eGh QMGh H ,Jeh ``eCG
SDdG f e e ``NBG OGQCG e fEG Me EG dG
IH QfGh jhdGh HGdG eG Y SCdGh MEGh dGh
dYCGh daCG c jJh IOdGh IOdG Mh ,G
VSG" GY dP ch !!TY Uh e jM e
."eCG
Yj a ,We IQH e FdG YEG aK GJ `3
jJ gCGh ,FdG dG UN dG ``YEG LQ H
JSSh G eYEG bGdG f g AD`g a e a ,Gd
jRGG fG
dG Y
12
13
iDhQ
jDhQ
JGSG Fe OQe
eT jObG ej
dGh ad jDhdG SDe gQJ
IQGOEG FQ
jdG ``FQ
`` FdG M H ``JM
jdG
24479885 :Jg
info@alroya.info
ObG
239 , 234 :fi
businessdesk@alroya.info
G
263 , 242 :fi
localdesk@alroya.info
VjdG
244 :fi
sportdesk@alroya.info
fYG
24479888 :Jg
ads@alroya.info
cGTGh jRdG
24479886 :Jg
24479889 :ca
``jRdGh `YdG
?jCG G fRZh f
OdG MCG
S jS VfG M IOYEG H dG bh e GS H
dP j CG ?QgdG Gg M GPa ,dG id dG dG
T jCG ?SdG e G g dG d FdG G CG
dJ dG dG IdG g hj dWCG j dG e ?aG
?dGh cEd M fEG id
eGY IY Y j e f j eY fCG cP hCG AG
H ,Ye LSEG EG f CG G a e e
dGh c eGdG g IAch Ib ie Y dT If f CG j
Y dG d M dG Y j Ggh L a G Y
G QhO G j CG G e jCG K bh ,IOYEG bh
AdG d g QLCG CG GhCGQh G H QKCG e Ggh ,dG dG
Y S AG Gg ,Gdb c eCG Y G G OfEG
GG EG SQGG QaEG gh ,VH Me FY
e j e gCG eh dG f IAch ,ac Gk IG
. G Ge EG ddG J GQNEG Qhd e J
G cGh QG H ddG q j CH J f C
g q dG da Gd ,e V f M h JM HS dG
GQe e g G da
,dG jW Y cj dG
p
LGS dG d Lfl j CG G e ch JGdG dG
Gd ,hG dG G e CJ dG fdG jdH IG
I aG gCG dd S dG g IG bGH QG HQ Ea
c dh ,bGdG SQGh QdG N e EG JCJ gh aCG
?gDG GG EG J dGh G SQG dP JCS
bCG Y bh f dG j CG j LPdG SQG
CG j W Ggh ,hCG dG jf J e Hj GG
AMCGh Aja e SGQdG OGG d SGhh ac Gfl g J
H SQd dW d bhh ac Me gh ,aGLh Ach
j fCG g W ,jOdG JGQb J f Y jh GOe
CG j dG Qdc iNCG fCG g dh YL SQ CG
f CG f d a Ofi QhO Oa d j CG hCG OGfEH SQ
dj jOdG WCG f CGh j V CG dfh dG
SQe MQ jCG LPdG SQG h ,dG bdG c Y
IMGh SQe MQ a dh G be EG ddG J IQe
CG j iNCG MQ g dh VjdGh d MQ g ,dG
e j CG jh bGdH ddG HQ ag ae Y GgC J
fjdG dG e Ic Y dEG CG Ie cPCG ,Gk L d
JQjR S Y fH L dG dCSh dG e eOb IFW
jQdG SQeo j dG SQG fCG iMEG fEG a d
YCG !!SGQO GfCG dG GMCG a L dG VQCG Y WEd
S H jNBG Ye IAGbh HG dG f J j T CG EG
k
IgG AGQBG Y Ge
FGO Sh f AJ e S bNCG be PJEG j a
,fEG id bNCG G d QhV YLEG Acda dd -GMCG MCG
dG Qd dG QdG jd j GPEG ze{ S bNCG Qj CG fE a
H Zj iMCH hCG j fEG Gh ,jNBG Y dG dP KS dG
k dd ,SG dH gjJh jNBG Ye
IEG bNCG bGe Y QJ e Ga
G NBd jQdG dG jJ Y J dG dGh dG LGG H jNBG
jDhdG Y IQdGh eG dG d LH zYdG{ Y fEG IQb J .Y
k QdG OMCG G fEa ,IOe ja Xe N e
Y S dd ,FGO
Y ,NBG dG EG e bNCG be jd j dh jNBG id NEG aGhO J
SMEG Y fEG IQb e LGM J fYdG GAfEG CG G S
e VZ j d d hG Y Gh G dG CG M ,jNBG Y
CG M ,jO hCG bY hCG j jZ T e fGhYh jH j CG
.jNBG Ye jJ Y IQdG Z eY MCG g dG dG
Ye IAGb Y jQJ ,dG id bNCG G jd FSdG gCG MCG EG
HdG g dG NCG Y KDj b e CGSCGh ,gQaCG Jh aGhO jJh jNBG
J ZdG dG Y SS M ,gGdG Y VG GYdGh G
j AbUCGh bNCG H e edG Rj AGYCG EG -JeJhG H- dG
SdG H EG IL NCG e dG hCG dG dP XCG eh ,bNCG edG Y
k fEa
J dG dG dBG a EG .jNBG UTCG EG bNCG aCG SQS M
c j C LH G CG M ,QhdGh SBG e dG S e UTCG
NCG Y
Y Sj
dG
cdG -UGY
.LMG e Y H dG AdGh
CG EG GhQ``` TCG `` ` `HhQhCGh ````j``eCG ``dhD```e ```d
QGSG Y ec H j QdG dG AH
.GW e IYG
fGjEG C` ` H `` ` `HhQhCG hD` ` ` e `` ` `VCG ,`` `dP EG
fhdEG eGHh ILCH jQdG ``eCG ``ch GhOhR
NGO ``L``` ` MG `````J O``` L `````J ```J``Y````
EG FSQ d d ge UY OLh jQS
.OdG QN jjDe
H ```Y ````jCG M ``jQ```S EG ``dhD```G ``bh
.HhQhCG jOQe e bGG LdJ
jCG b ``cP b fGjEG SQa AfCG dch fch
e jL f fCH Uh e GfCG fGjEG AGN CG
fEG dbh ,TGdG SH aY jQW h``H GFW
.jQhdG Y k H hd dG
:ceH S e gh hjc ``eGOCG bh
hNCj e Gc .OG e FN SdG
J ``f`````j hCG IQ``` ` ` dG ``L``j `` e
LG j hCG IQdG bjh e
CG GH QdG e M bh dh z.fMCG
b dG Y bd LfS Lh AGf
OL gTh CGgCG UCG QGdG C iS
z.Oc edG JM
QNCG If H a LfS Xh
g jJ Ye j dh FG
IOSd ```fG AYR Sh . gG
QJ ``e``` J `````H ``````dG `````dG ``e
GhH d .```d````T h``H j O`` ``e
G`` ` MCG ``e ``` FG GOCG ``M ``dh``` e
bh .I``j``L HfG EG ``YOh ```fG
. jHEG IQe HfG fc fG
M `` `cCG `````H G`` ` MCG I``` ` Y `` d`` bh
bG jj :e H dH
dGh IdH (dG Y) ASG Gg
.WGd Ic SfG j
dG Y EG ``c``e``H ````S ``bh
EG jdG QSCG JQG h f J
2^60) jaCG fa 1300 e cC G
.jJ YS 24 Z d (QhO
QHW abh id GQGh``jO Sj ``bh
:jH ```Y d ``j``NBG ```F```S ``e
IQd O``bh Lj dh ,FS fEG
.d IOd M Obh LGQO d
LG ````e `` ` ZEG ``e ``Z``dG ``` Yh
H ``e``Z ``c``` ` dGh ``j````dG ``` fih
RjhQ - UGY
RjhQ - ceH
GQS GbSh jH fi OL f
YS 48 ``` H ``c``e``H ``` d``G ``` ` U``` dG
O`` G `` b ``M ,``` ` ` Y ``` fG ``e
FdG CG Y GcCJ jd EG jaCG
.eCG QJ eJ hOeG
L `` fEG ,``` eCG ,``` j``aG O`` G `` bh
H L bh ..fG H e jY
d jaEG OG Ve FQ
HdG ``` ` ` dGh `` `eCG ````` ``` ` LG ``` H
14
15
jQJ
jd ah HG ``G dG N Y I``NCG
.eSEG
fi e ``ZEG fdG dG ``bh
be g K UTCG S H G Ge
.d ShCG HH a Q d ,RdJ
WGe c H ,dG Y LCG j (eY 24) Ge
d .````f``a ``H``Jh C```f ,``FG``L ``` UCG ``e fa
.MGh BG G Jh VZ Hj JM UJ
bCGh ,dG IYdG J GY f YG Ge
UTCH U Y ``ch ,cHh faCG I``a
faCG YG c ,OG dG Qd j
?``SFdG S``c ``Y ``SCG ``jJ ``g ..jQ``S ``Y ``HhQhCG H``dG
e hCG jeCG fGG IQGRh LQOCGh
FdG `` N ``` fl ```fi ``` SG `````jO
AGd fCH Uh dG UCG ShCGh ,SCG
OMh .AGOdG FdG Y QdG G
gQYH jdG ````SEG SDe jCG
h jQdG eG Y J cT
db ``dG Q````dG G ````jCGh ,````dG
.ed VGbG Y jj fEG IQGRdG
HdG eG hO JG JGP dG h
jObG HY Va Y af 27
AYCG h``dG i``MEG V IC` Wh ```TCG ``g
eG ``` LQ``N AGQRh Q`` ` bh .``` e````H
dG ``e ``e````dG ````L J ```H```dG
G Q````dG Q````dG ````Gh ``c``G
dG ``e````dG ``bh EG ``a``` VEG ,``dh``` d
.jQS e jQdG bJGh
HYh ````S ``` M ``` dG``` SG ``` V``ah
jGa e HdG jQS IOb Y de
`````SD`e 27h ```a```VEG T 75 d
HdG Va b dGSG fch .jQS
.SDe 13h T 34 S Y GM
IjL HY ``SQ``e 5 Gc Vah
cG dG e edG TCG c Mh
TCG c jCG HdG M c .QdG
eG AGQR`` `dG ``e S ``e ``e````dG
cdG `` ` `LQ`` G `` ` jRh `` ` bh .`` jQ`` ` ` dG
J ``fEG af 30 ZhCG OhGO MCG
,QdG ``c``G ````dG ``e ``e````dG ``c
,jQS `` e h``` ` ` d `` ` `JG ``` ` ` J `` ` bhh
fFG edG L bh EG aVEG
eG ```UCG jCG cJ Lh .dG
.jQdG
dG ce -jDhdG
13 - `` `jCG ``` e - `` ` `HhQhG O`` `G QOCG
k e
.HdH UG Fb Y vjQS hD
T dG HdG GAGLEG ALh
V O``G hO EG dG ```Mh ``` UCG
J ``jQ```S Y Va ``H```Y Y
.d GM
dG - HdG g eEH g :GDdGh
Y ``` SCG `` MGREG - ``j``e``d``H Uh ```
dG Ife e jS fCG CG jQS TY
?QdG
T `` ` ` SCG `` g`` e ``H``` ` dG ``` ` ` Th
QG SG IOb j dG FdG
Y ``Y a ,``jQ```S ``LQ i`` bCG ``Kh
Yh ,``e```dG G``H```G R```L FQ ```
.jdG GHG je Sb dG
HY HhQhCG OG Va je 23 h
Qc e h``NBG J eh f SCG Y
.jQdG dhDG
IjL HY ``HhQhCG O``G YCGh
QdG SG IOb e KK T fj 24
:g ;QdG dG If e GjEG
jOjdGh ,S Sb G``L G
FJ Mh ,````L Y fi Q``f``e``c
.GHG hDd QdG SG Fb Ff
e jQ SDe HdG T c
,GQd ``` H `` g `` ` `SCG ``e``` M ``j``` ` H
M Yh ,QSd G hUh
.jdG SEG SDeh ,dhdG
`` ` ` ` HhQhCG O`` ` `G `` e`` ` M ``` ` JGh
dG GOQGh M Y S ``e ```dG
a 15 ehG jQGd dG M f
dG ce -jDhdG
dG 30 j eBG Zh Le AH ,T
LGe ``e S ```c ``` JQGRh FS .T
FGSEG CG ``j``cD` e ,G`` ` jEGh G ``M ``jQG``` U
IaGdG ``jQG``` ` dG `` `eCG ``````T `````e ``LG``` ` S
.GjEG dG QNCG LGe Jh
,jjG dG IQb Y dG OhM J h
FGSEG GQSG Y EG dP Rh H
j c RC FGSEG MG L
Y ```FG```SEG Y ``Y dG a ,```e ```j c
ac YaO fGe Jh ,SCGh L j
GhdG `` JCG ,```U```dG ````G ```Y ad
dG jjG dG a ie d IZ b Y
LG jQGdG VGYG Y gYh hdG U
.G dG VGQCG d
;OdG WG jM Y FGSEG Y d
ehG XCGh ,LG EG hdG EG H iOCG
a fdG NGdG G JQG dG
V Oj hdG CG M ,OGL jQGU H e
VGYG dG ``g J GPE` a ,G ``Mh G``jEG
ehG jQGU VGYG J c ,jQGdG g
?fGjEG jQGdGh d eSEG
FGSEG d Y JCj dG G``g CG Gh
a ``j``j``G dG EG ``d```j M ;fCG
fhBG I``Z ``e fG ```dG ``jQG`````d `````dG
.INCG
jjG dG CG EG FGSEG fi jh
cCG Y jQGU N hCG ```HQCG G``fEG e
e FGSEG Y bWEG ,kNhQU KK H e
FGQdG ``e jdH ``YQ``J FGSEG CGh ,I``Z b
,OGG jQGU GfEG Y jjG dG Y d
WCG H ``a``MQ f G CG H ``e
bYCG ``j``G h```dG CG hCG ,Oh``` SCG Y jQGdG
jQGU ``WEG bGe CG hCG ,I``aG``dG jQGdG UQ
`` WEG CGh ,I```L eSG ``e ``f``c OG``G
16
He
FdG jdG d hdG Od dG H gdG dGGh dG SCH RJ dG
2012 SQe 25 aGG `g1433 hG iOL e 2 MG
M dG UG LdG Yh Y H
e FSQ e jGh WSCG
e bJ dGh dN e jdGh d
N KJ IQhVh gCGh NBG EG L
hG eh ,dG e Y d H
HdG WdG dG dG fG b fCG
Jh GOGh dG gG XH
.YGHEG Hbh HSCG M q ch
WSCG) dG G da UGJ
J ````S```G ``` Hh (```f```Y ``j``` Mh
HdG `` ```dG Ae fdG G
A`` ` dE ``` ` eQ``dG ``` ` F``Y ``` J``` dG ``` ` ` dGh
fdG ``j``` Gh ``W``` SCG ``Y I``` V``fi
dG dG CG QYH ;dG hQ`` Gh
hQG LJh .dG dG d e
e GkA`` `H I``` U``` e Q`` ` aCG ``` ` dG ``` ` dG
QJh I````dG J ```M hCG dG
UY fl ``e ee J ```Y
.dG JGOeh
EG ,G I``j``e dLOdG ``e ``d``bh
jK QaCG d QGSH J G IQGOEG
dG ``M````dG d I`````e ``` YG``HEGh
ddG ``g Jh ,Gh fdG ``
e IOSGh dG hQG QGZCG d G
YGHEGh adG JM dG G``dG
fdG - e
fdG d ``H```dG ``F````dG jdG O``f R`` MCG
HGdG `````dG ````H kG``j``L kGR`` ` EG dG `````d
dG{ FdG jdG d h``dG O````d ``K```dGh
a dG SCch hCG cG OdG M M ,FIAP
.e Z RG S 16
cG RG``MEG e edG M H Y QG q bh
,OdG iG Y dG f gdG dGGh hCG
Od KdGh HGdG dG H FH q j ah
a (FIAP dG) FdG jdG d hdG
dH d f 126 H hCG cG dG M 16
Mh f 103 H kfK HU ALh ,dG SCc Y
IRfi f 97``H dK a J ,gdG dGG Y
dGG IR``fi f 96``H HGQ G q K ,dG dGG
jDhdG e
MdG Ofi
,dG cH (``NCG GPCG) f Y dG
fi H M H jdG Y YdG M H
Mh ,(T) f Y ddG cG dG
IFG Y ``jQ```dG Y ``H fi H ``jQ``H
.(UG VQCG) Jb Y dG
q M ``` dGh ` I``` ` ` dG `````dG `` h
f M ` fG Yh ,MdG Ofi UdG
Lg Mh ,hCG cG ,(M EG gGdG)
dG cG Y jjG GY H N H
AL H ,(AY d FH ) qf Y
SdG S
dG fi .O
Ye fCG
H S QcdG j ``NBG fL ``eh
dd G dG FQ KQG S
J dG fCG gS dG q CG EG
U dG YdG ioe aQ EG
dG U ah ,d SCGh dG
SCG ```S``co G`````S``H `` ``` ` SCGh
T `` ` `gh ,``` d``` ` dG ``b``e ``` ` G
jdh eCG GSd Y MjEG
GSGh `` ` `` `SCG ``` j``` ` d ``` ` ` ` ` dG
TGa `` jR`` J `` e) ``` ` dG `` ` ` SCG ``` N
MjEG ```Th .(k` f`` ````SC`d ``L```eh
SCGh ``` dG `````H ``j````dG `` M ````Y
gQeoCG A``` dhCGh ```U``G ``L````MG h``d
M jOa GQSG .jYQ Y Fdh
JeGSGh SCG eCG QNG
QdG ) `d SCG L `` jRJ e
AGdG `` M ``jO``a GQ``` ` ` ` SG .(`` ` ` WCGh
jRJ e SCGh dG d G dG
dG ``q ````dG ``j``ZCGh ``F`````dG ````H
QeCG AdhCG e jOa GQSG .dG e
SCGh ``` dG ````U ``` Y ``` a``` G `` M
G ``` Y ``Y``` eo G``` a .``` d``` WCG ``` Y
dG U Y J Ga H ``dPh
.gDeo QOGc SGH SCGh
jDhdG e
dG N -jJ
oG dGh YdG
edG Qe ``H ```MCG ``H dN ``bh
SCd `` ` jh`` dGh `` e`` YEG hD` ` ` G
:SCGh dG U jd MG G
dG ``` ` ` d ``` ` ` dG ``j``` ` dGh ``` ` ` ` dG
jJh J ``e ke kGA``L oj ````SCGh
YdG `` eG`` H Q`` ` ` WEG `` e`` ` dG ``` ` ` dG
kUN J dGh ,oG dGh
LMEG hPo UTCGh dgCGh WCG
dG dG q CG :VCGh .UG
o `J ```Y ``N ``e j OG``aC` d
AH ```N`
a
e kGOY G SCG da Jh
dG d ```G dG e `````fCG
J ```S ```dG ``c``eCG L ``` ` SCGh
jdG Y QG jQJ ,ddG a
Nh ````SCG ITa GS dG
e ```f`` ````Y ``jR``Jh ,````dG ``` ` SCG
VY ,``` WCGh Q````dG ```Y ````SCG ``T``a
,cQd SCG Le e fl GfCG
Y R`` Jh ,O``a ``c ``e Sj ``e ```Th
T ``` J ,``` ` SCG ``L```e ``e ```f``
T ```J ,dG AG```dG ``Y cQd
aGh jdG c Y eCGh AHBd
.dWC SCGh dG U Y
Me ``Vh``Y k` ` ` jCG ```d````dG `` eh
He ,``` ` SCGh ```dG U ``Y ``j``Y``J
WCd ``` ` SCGh ```dG ````U ``Y ``j``Y``J
jRJ , jFd ``FG``L ``jR``J ``e cQG
dG ``` ` ` d `` j`` Y`` J ``` ` ` ch `` j`` ` `e
``V``Yh Q````G ```` ``` ` SCGh
a ``` J ``` S ``` dG `` c`` eCG ```````J
da c ``NBG FGL HS ,ddG
FGG ej He ,```WCGh Qd
q
eCG ``q `W``d``H dG ````dG
SCG ```d```a ```T```H ````MG `````dG
SCGh dG U jd MG G
hdG h`` H ```j `` dG dH
Q`` G ``SQ``e 31 25 ``e I``` dG `` N
J AG`` Z RGh Q````T ```dG G``g ````jh
dG ``` T``` dG ``` M `` YQ .a `````H
U I`` FGO ```` `````dG IQGRh `````q `f
L ``H Y QcdG IOS ````SCGh dG
.dG hDd dG IQGRh Qe
jdG U Qcd c G J
SCGh dG U IFGO je TdG
hH `````dG GQGRh ````J ```d :````a `` b
GYe ````d ``` ` SCG G``g h``` ` dG ````
eG jEG G cQeh AMd
dPh ,````SCGh dG U jd dG
YdH AJQG Y QGdG U e kUM
N e ;G OG``aCG L id dG
L G ``` J ``` d``` ah ``` ` ` fCG `` e`` bEG
cQd G OG``aCG L SGh
jdG Y AdG AdEG EGh ,ddG J
QG jJh SCGh dG H G
e jbdG ``Wh GQfG ``VG``eCG ``cC`H
dG cdGh SQG jJh ``YOh
dG ``VG``eCG ``e ``j``b``dG ```Y ``Y````J ```dG
q ``fq CG EG TdG Q```TCGh .````SCGh
QGbEG
G ``` ` ` dG ``` b `` e `` ` ` SCG Q``` ` T
dhO LG ```dG ````SCGh ```dG d
j
q QdG q CG EG a ,VG jj b
G fRGGh dG jdG QhO Y
.SCGh dG U Y
Y Q`` ` c`` dG IO``` ` S q` ` ` `` ` `G h
hDd dG IQGRh Qe - L ``H
MG dG VG dG
jdG I``g````dG ``g ```Jh .```T```dG
dG VGeCH G FGT ac jJ EG
J b dG qdG cdGh SCGh
bCG Jh .````SCG SJ e jbdG
H dG ```a``fi H ````SCG
Teh ```d```a ``e``bEG ``N ``e ````SCG
SQGGh dG SDG fl J
fl `` FG`` Gh ``jQ``` ` dG ``` ` ` Gh
G OGaCG ad Le dG afi
hP WCG Y UN IQH cJh ,eY
17
He
J M J jdG
e jH ce
jDhdG -e
dG G (dG) eCG U CGH
jZCG ``H``bQ ````bC`H G ``H ``c````G
afi ``j````d ``e```dG ``j``j``G I`````dGh
afi jH jje e GTH e
M ,````SCG jd S dGh ,SdG
dGh hCG ej dG G J
N jh dGh FGdG BG J
AKdG jh ,H jh MCG j S H
eG dG j CG Y Meh HO jh
.Me jh
dG H GG OJ EG G Jh
jdG jje dG H Gh
afi ``` ` ` `` ` `G OQG`` ` ` eh ``` ` ` ` bEG
cq CdH dG dN e j M ,dG
WGTH GdGh dG VdG eS e
FGdG OG``G H dG GAG``LEGh
HGh LGhdGh dG H fih GSCGh
kjCG S dGh ,gGh YG EG aVEG
.iNCG WG qH
jDhdG -e
G e ed SG dG Y QdG
OYG ``` M ;`` ` dG ``` ` aC` H ```````eh
dG dG g b ``e efdG
IOS SFH efd LJ J
dG Ih`` dGh ``YGQ``dG IQGRh ch Q```c``dG
GP G e AYCG dG Vh ,YGQd
YGQdG IQGRh gh ``aBG g a bdG
dG IQGRhh dG IQGRhh dG Ih``dGh
SHb ``````dG ``` e``Lh ```N```G ``` ` ` dGh
EG ``a```VEG ,dG ```dG Th
.dG dG
dG MU gCG CG EG G jh
``e```G dG ``M```G ``` SGQO
dG ``eG``dG J Heh efdG Q``WEG
gh .IG efdG Qh``fih G``gCG M
JGSG ````V ``gO````YG ``` ` VGh ``` dBG
dG MG d dG dG
2011 jGH bh JGSG jQd
dG h``` dEG ``b``G ``Y `` YEG
a `` Y www.trc.gov.om ``` ` ` dG
dhCG dG ``M```G S W ``H
G MdG g e efd
NGO dG SDG e AGS efdG GH
Y WGh bd NdG LQN hCG dG
k 20 dG
dG d dfl FSQ SQE ej
j U IG L (```FG``G I``FG``dG) dH FGHG G Q```UCG
d dfl FSQ SQEG H G fGOEH b kM ,2012/3/7 aGG AHQCG
iYdG Fbh Jh .jQ Fe gQb eGZh kej jY I Sh GOBGh dG
gOe dH dG AYOG IQGOE iH Y G eJ ,2012/3/ 29 jQH fCG
aYG HGSHh ,edG GOBGh dG d dfl d dSQ SQEH G b
.YCG G H Qd ,G G EG MoCa ,dEG G H
Y e dG H OdG e OdG h dG
j U IG L (FGG IFGdG) dH FGHG G QUCG
kGQGJ IQe fc M -LCG- G fGOEH b kM ,2012/3/7 aGG AHQCG
gOWh WG IQOeh TCG S I Sh ,Y e dG H k K
,2012/2/ 8 jQH fCG EG iYdG Fbh Jh .HY Ia AfG H OdG e
,dG c dJ A```KCG dG I``g``X ae ja b ``e G V
G Y Y G S J c ,dEG G H aYG e dHh
.YCG G H Qd ,G G EG dH dG AYOG dMCa ,JGP
k S
k 50 eGZh S
UN GQhCG jhdG HY ..jQ
aGG dG j U IG H (FGG IFGdG) ihH FGHG G QUCG
Jh ,S Sh UN GQhCG jhdG H G ``fGOE`H b kM ,2012/1/28
CG Y ,k ``jQ N Jh S Y Sh Qh``G SG H ```fGOEGh ,k ``jQ N
IQOeh fG G EG fG iYdG dMEG kfeh ,i``NCG HdG i``MEG ZJ
G WdG ce J 2011/4/10 jQH fCG EG iYdG bGh Jh .IQhG GG
QGUEG Y Xe MCG GbEG gOe jdG cT iMEG e Hc iT bGdH kfe
,ec G aH NCG b CG H (Y G) WGG MCG ce gQ ah dfl bQh
GDHh ,idG dHh ,cdG M YOj h ,G ``dP NG XG CG EG
HH j ``fCGh jhdG bGH ae fCG ,G GSGh bGdG OTh Y G
ALh ,FG G EG IQhG GQhCG dMEG ,jhH G G Y fdG J
a dG AYOG dMCa ,fdG J QM e g G CG cDd ;fQGh dG f
Y e QhG QG SGh UG GQhCG jhdG H G d NGdG
.YCG G H Qa ,eCH
AGLEG kdM j M ;H Me KK
H ``gO````YG ```H Y ``j````dG H
e H e :dG dG Y gh ,Ff
:GH ;dG IhdGh YGQdG IQGRh b e
I SG hCG dG hCG ehG dM
S eG GG dG SHhO
WdG G e e H eh ,Y
UNG OJ :GH ;fH YGQd
I eGGh eG IQGOEd efH Vh
eL e e H eh ,dG SHhO
jW IQGOEG G````H ;```dG```S``H ``f```j``c
.dG SHhO I LCG
eG IQGOEd dG efdG je cDjh
dG dG CG ,dG SHhO I
dG Q``Nh ``NGO ``e Md ```G a
JJh dG ``S``HhO IM QG``` VCG ```SGQ``d
H hQc dG Y jObGh dG
dG ````jh ```Y Q````Mh `` YGQR
dG dJ dG OG jJ Y dG
. G Gg Y
dG `````dG ````dG ```` ````jh
d ``` M O`` ` jEG ```g````G ``` Y ``d``c
dG SG J dGh G G
`` LCG `` e ``` ` ` ` G ``` ` h `` ` `SGQO ``` ` ` dG
jDhdG - e
fH IYb SCJ dG dG bCG
eG IQGOE` d dG efdG V ``dPh
SH ````fi ``ah``` G `````dG `` S`` HhO I````
fdG I``Y``b ``N ``e G ```jh ,```G
GP fdG Y e Vh EG IOG
dG ``S``HhO IM aeh IQGOE` `H ``b```dG
GP fdG YGb jJ N e dH
IOLG J a SHhdG IH dG
IhdGh ``YGQ``dG IQGR``c H G ```G
g fdG IYb J CG fL EG ,dG
c ,``e``f``dG J Y j kSSCG kGJe
dG fdG e U IYb OjEG Y S
eGH ```Vh k e Y O````YG ```
,dG dG SHhO IM a da
HUEG ach Vh ``M ee Sh
M e dG afi L IH
Me EG aVEG ,IG H dG QGWCG
a ```dG QG`` `Gh ``H```UE``H I``KC` ` G QG`` G
.VG GYCG N IG ae
IQGOEG efH je G OM QcdG
dG dG ``S``HhO I eG
fCH d ae efdG Y j ,dG
```````````````MCG
U``d G``S 5 ``dG
H FHdG HdG
H H jG fi QUCG
,2012/3/12 aGG KG j U IG
bdG ``j``` ` H ``` ` G `` `fGOE` ` H ``` ` b k` ` ` M
I Sh G`` MCG e ``Z aUG
ce J ```bG``dG Jh .G````S N
,2011/11 / 29 jQH iT dSQ hS WT
Sh G VJ gOe cdG iMEG e
,e FHc ``H``c bd cdG Y
e HGSHh d UdG dG Hh
QH YG G jH dG AYOG b
HdG eQh NGdG EG ddGh G QGL
MCG H K ce h Q``G EG
G `````G EG ``` d``MEG ````a ,G`` ` `SCG
.YCG G H Qd
k GhQGOCGTCGKKdG
IQYdfi
IFGdG) CdG H FGHG G QUCG
aGG MCG j U IG H (FGG
e - `````G `` fGOE` H ````b k```M ,2012/3/11
Qd ``fi IQGOEG `````H - ``j``` ` SBG ``````G
T e j ,TCG KK I Sh IQYdGh
k jQ jY dGh hCG G Jh fh
bGdG Jh .OdG e kGHDe gOWh ,kfY
G i``MEG HCG 2012/1 /31 jQH ``fCG EG
IY e G SQe i``NCGh fCH WdG ce
Ld PEG a ,G bH e JH UTCG
bGdG ``fi ```G ```gG`` FdG dG
AYOG b e HGSHh ,G bH Vh
jH dG AYOG dMCa ,bGdH GaYG dG
.YCG G H Qd d G
dG jH dG dG b HDG
aGG `````dG ``j ````U I`````G L ````dG ```a``` ``j``` G ````fi Q``` UCG
d UdGh QGUEG S e kGb dG jH G fGOEH b kM ,2012/3/17
ddG jO AGOCH eGdEGh HDG dH beh ,G f e L Y f e Y
bS dG IQdG OQh ,H a edH `k `jQ ``dCG Y N YdG KQh EG
ebCG ,2009/8/ 19 jQH G CG iYdG Fbh Jh .jQH edCGh ddG e
H C`H ``dPh ,Y G b Y bdG kGh dGh QG```UEG S Y kGb
ce UG K ,hCG G e EG LGQSH ebh kGQfl k fi d GYCa d dG
UCG HT Hh ,IOdG d jh VGeCG e j S G dP CH ghCG Hh
jH IdG H L e J K cG NGH bQ e H Y RLEH ea AZEH
G H aYG dG AYOH G GSHh ,Hh ce bH eb K ,dG
.YCG G H Qd ,G G EG dG jH dG AYOG dMCa ,dEG
bS jL JQG GS N
b kM ,2012/3/13 aGG AKdG j U IG L QH jG fi QUCG
Jh .GS N I e c Sh GMCG e Z aUG bdG jH G fGOEH
VH j Y G e kZH jdG WT ce J , 2011/11/1 jQH fCG EG iYdG Fbh
ODG NGdG dG b ch G QS H b YdG CG JG jG Hh jdGh bd de
k N H cf f e f Jgh ,jQ
k Y KG e bSh G IHh dG EG
,kfY jQ
dMCa ,eH aYG HGSHh dG AYOd MoCa ,G Y dG dGh dG Hh
.YCG G H Qd ,G G EG jdG jH dG AYOG
jDhdG -e
jDhdG -e
q
k dG jd Y e f
efH b
eG jhOCd kVe AS HG dG dG
jd Y e Y jYH ,dG dG
.HdG G Y dG jGh dG
jJ EG ```J ```dG G````dG ``e kGO`` Y ``V```G Jh
QhdGh dG jhOCG GSGh ae gCH q dG dG
,YdGh OTQEG Y dG dG j j dG
jhOCG GSG gCG j kMe kVY dG iOq CG c
jhOCd bCG S Y VG TG c ,dG dH
q
cG ``jhOC`c ``jhOC`d dG jG H J
cJ EG aVEH ,Gh cCG HGVGh dGh dGh
dG edG H dG ``jhOCG YdG
.dG
dG QOGdG J G QhO gCG HdG ``cq CGh
dG ``e````H ``b```d k````S ```j````dG `` ``a``c
He
TCG 3 N edG dG
jDhdG -e
GQ jJ dh AKCG jSBG L e T Y dG e GQG ae LQ
WdG LQ CG EG fdG Y WH hDe Qe QTCGh .FMCG NGO FNEH dG EG
eY Y H CG H jSBG dhO e keOb hdG e Qe EG dUh AKCG G GTG
bh ,cEG TCG SGH Y d WdG e EG dMEGh V a ,JQGh dGh jdG
Jh OJ jdG FSh CH VCGh .FMCG NGO e GQH ICe dc (102) GSG
fK Y dG dG Gg N fCH VCGh ,HG V e WdG LQ j CG q EG
.jdG Y gAMCG ej hdG e Qe UTCG
k
```dG eOEG H e```dGh F````NEG M cQ````e
15
HdG VjQ - e
jObG Vj zdG dG {
dG ..IVfi aG
fdG -e
,IM ``fG``L ``` ` H ,`` ` `dG ,``` ` ` dG ``` ` dG ```` ````j
dG ``a``` G `````h jObG :G``` ` H I``` V``
,QHG Ad ``Y``H``dG ``HG``dG ee ..jdGh O``G
ejh ,ShCG dG e LGJ dG jdGh ShQdG
dG d Qe jeh SDe fjGQc SdEG QahdG
LddGh dG ```HCG jeh jQGh dG d
.jQG IOjQh QHGh
OG ```H ``c`` Gk `j``e ````jCG ``S```dEG QahdG jh
PSCGh TGh Q``L eH ``` YCG IQGOEG c `` HhQhCG
QL eH ``jQ````G IO`` `jQh ```L``d`````dGh Q``` ` HGh ````dG
.jeCG IG jdH TGh
JGSG cGdG Y dG fCGh JSGQO cJh
WQN SQh YdG dGh HCGh eGh eG
dG SSh ,jJh LddG fh ,Ldd jW
jObG dGh LddG jQGh ,dhdG LddGh
.bEG
18
AdG jJ IQhO
XdG AfGh
dG jQJ
jDhdG -e
IQhO `` ` ` ` dG `` `jQ`` `J ``` ` `` `` ` fo
AfGh A``dG jJ :G````H ;jQJ
Qh I``Y Y TG ```dGh ,XdG
A`` dGh A``` ` fG ``` ` e :``` ` gCG ;``````FQ
hdGh ,J GhOCGh ``` dBGh ```WG``Gh
dG ``` G ``aG``J j `` ````dG
Y JSfG Jh SG dGh FdG
fdGh MdG jh XdG dG
.XG H
;dG GQe J EG IQhdG Jh
XdG AfGh AdG jJ j
Y `` ` `` `dGh `` ` `ShDh`` G i`` `d `` j`` ` `Jh
MdG jJh cEG EG Uh JG
.XG H fdGh
HUEGh 19 Iah
S OGM 196
VG SCG
hNBG 196 ````UCGh kT 19 ``J
SCG ``N bh S O``M 133
SQe 23 EG 17 ``e I``` dG ```V``G
e ```a`` S ``bh .`` G
UTCG HQCG Iah NGdGh IgdGh
UTCG ``K``K ``J ````a ,````e ``c
Th ,```W```dG ````T ```a``
c ``MGh Th ,Q```X a
Th ``` W``` dG ``` L ````a`` ``e
H GUG OG``M Jh .bdG
N k`Y``bh OG``G ``cCG g cG
a ,k`KO``M 66 H M ;I```dG ``g
,HK `````H G``` ` UG O`` `M 24 `` bh
WT ``Y``Jh .Q``g``J 20h ,``` gO 23h
ee ``` ` L ``` f``` ` ` ` dG `` ` `Y
fGbh ``YG``` H G`` ` `dG EG ``j``` dG
Y dG AKCG Q``Gh fGh Qh``G
Yh IOG YdH GdGh jdG
a `````G ``Z ``c``eCG Rh``` ` dG
TJ c ,jdG BLe e QGh
EG dG QY Y Gh WGG
.IG Qd G ceCG Y
Gk aGh 35 Y dG
YCG SQ H
GOBd ae
dGh jdG IQGOEG LQ dCG
T ```a`` ``W```T IO````H ```F```G
e kG`` ` ` aGh 35 ``` Y ``` ` ` dG ,``` W``` dG
IQYdG SQ H jSBG L
e O`` `Y GOB` ` ` d ``` a``` G `` `` ` YCGh
.QU jH dG jfCG
LQ EG OQh ``b ``e````e ``f``ch
dG jfCG e OY OLh Y WdG
cS SQ a j QU jH
J ```bG``eh He a ,```b``NCG ``Z
eG ``e ``cC``dG Hh ,``j``fCG
Vh ,``` ` ` U `` j`` fCG `````S ``` gG``e
e L Ak fh k ``LQ ke 35 a
.jSBG L
ffdG GAG`` ` ` `LEG P``` JG `` bh
dG A`` ` ` `YOG EG `` ` `` `d`` MEGh ``g``` V
G EG ```````d ````e d
.G
SHb dG eH dG ddG e Ve aG
jDhdG - e
dG AjK -e
e Ve ,dhdG Y G S H T IQcdG eG aG
IFGO G dG hDT IOY ebCG dG dG eN c dG ddG
;dG hDT IOY f :dbh ,G eNh fCG b YLG eG
gdG R``EG G``g Y ,ddG hD``T IO```Yh ,```dG hD``T Y :````SCGQ Yh
gQhO R``HCG a ,JHh JdW e GL c REG g eh ,bGdGh ,FGdGh
hCG dG LddG c AGS ,UN H dG G c H
BG eb dG VhGh eGdG a ,G eN M hCG ,SdG
ch RQH QhO fdG ICGd j S e jCG Y Jh ,dG J MGH
.G PEH dGh adG c d LQCa , Gg
IO``L``G HdG ``Y```G cQT ``bh ,de ``e``j I`` VG jh
Y HdG dG GG Y :e ;jQ SHb dG eL
jd d H aJh gQhO jd QJh ICdG jM gh ,HdG dG
WCGh ,jU W he :VG j dG i``NCG jQG eh .JGQe
eh ,efJ GddG G Le SQj SQe d heh ,jS jZCG H
.d jW Vj heh ,d OTQEG
19
aK
FdG Uf .O
q ```d
UdG ``` ` JGC h IQ`` j`` dG ``` LC` J
cCG Se Ye d Q````J``
Y ```````T ``` ` gCG R`` `Jh .G`` HhC` `d
S J M bdG dG e dG
OSG dc .Y G Gh ``YREG
JdG ``M````G ``e ``e``c H Q````J``e
(Y QhO iqOCG dG) a d FdG
.edG dG efCGh
AdG f q N eqe GHhCG
eSEG ``` VGQC` d ``` a``` ` dGh ``` ` ` ` bEG
UNh ,``HhQhCG dG G adGh
.fSCG
VdG Se Cq G EG Uf QcO jh
a ``c q a KK EG EG G
k a ,UG SG HH e
dG
G ```L ``e NG G````H hCG
dG R`` ` J ``` ` ` ` S``e ``` b ``` Y ``` ` j
N ``e ```d````jEG ````dG ``dD` e ``j``j ```dG
.SG
OS f
GG e
i`` `eh IQ`` ` `K :(`` ` ` ` ` fl) `` j`` ` `e `` ` `U
ae
..cJ BG M
Ie ddG dG JU iU oj
(RaCS c) iNCG
zGffc{
e `` ` WCG{ :`` ` `dG ``jR``L Q`` `WG`` `eEG
.zdG e FSG OYh ,fPCG S
M ,jH dJ IQe HhQhCG ICGeG
.zTdG{ ZdG IS e ,G N e
dG I`` `f `` H zG``f``` ` ` f``c{ h`` ` `J
.M J SdGh
IQhRe 60 (fQjQ) Qe `` j
.ee Se BH
.eh ,KGhh ,geh ,Y f
zGffc{ LGe - G
G dGh ,``G He dG :OdG
b
dG He dGh ,G He
AZ ,zGdG GdCG c{ -dG dG
Gg I``Y```` Q````J``e Se ````
U jT - jDhdG
dG ``j``e FdG Uf Q```c``dG ``b
fdG G`` HhCG QG``H G ```UG```dGh
VH ``` U``G ``` ` j``` ` dG ``J``` V``fi
Eq G ,eCG Ae G L e NG
fe FZ Me ``Y IQY dG G``g
jc ``` dC` J `` `gh ``` ` a `` K`` K `` e
jEG EG fh ,``f```j``H ````jQ``j``a
T JL jdG H ``NOEG e
1782 dj 16 ,H e ,a ,UCG
QcdG ``` j ``` ` dG ```````T `` ` Mh
``` ` ` ` FQ ``` ` ` ` ` T ``` S `` ` `g :`` ` U`` f
S TdG T ````gCG ````dG G``g
fSCG ICG`` ` ` eG Gffc ``` ` ` ` ` Th
Uh fH ,h fH Nh
f fH ,``j````EG Gffc
,fH O`` `N jQH h ,``` ` SCG
jdG h ,k``M TdG FGM eh
e ``Y hD` ` ` G Y T ``
.jdG TdG
j VdG Gd jQdG G Mh
d :``````G ``` UG``` dGh ``````dG ``j``e
q
e aU Y dH Q````J``e J
QJe OGQCGh QHdS bSCG FQ eN
G ```Y ````V``Y d ```f``CG G`` HhCG ``H```c
VY d dch ,kjM bCG dG WdG
aH `` cCG ``` ` ShQ hO IQ`` jR ``e ``eG```d``H
.S T ahH
jDhdG e
dG HdG JdG ```eCG Ae ```Y S aSG
e ```L gM aK `````eCG ``dPh HGW Q``L
JdG fih dG GH Gh fdG G
MhWCG H be `````eCG ``N `` M ,````dG
.d IG HGW
QS HY Leh bfh Jch e HGW qCG cj
kFQh eO YGPE kGje Y ,1939 Y M dGe e
.IMdG FQ GQfih HdG SGQdG jd
gCG HM H Ye gQOZ dh d Ia bCG
e zHGdG{ OLh eg Y
jBG jU .Og 17 ze gT jh
H K CG ``Y J a ,Y Q```Z
d gT OLh Y a ,a HQ YOhCG
fldG a .G EG HfG j
Y dOh Hh gH{ ``jBG dG
b{ : ``d```H ``` dG ``g````a h zG ``e
dG ``g``` ` ah ,z``````a ``` jO ``d `q ` H
`` HCG ``g``` ` ah ,z`` ` `HQ `` e `` ` `Mh `` ` `` `H{
CdG Y H ``g``H{ : dH OdG
,zY ````dG ``ZQ ``e M Y ``j
zS Y j H{ dG gah
q
dEG IdH{ FWdG gah
,kjCG jBG gh :d j .zJhCG dG
dO ``Yh Y LH h````G ```TCG
!d jG GJh
Y j ``a ````dG `` Y{ :`` `jBG .3
fEa SQ e JQG e EG G``MCG Z
zGUQ ````N `` eh ``j``j ``H ``e `````j
qCH VdG IjT ``jBG .``G 27h 26
j CG MC S dGh dEG dG
J a ,dP e e SdG ,Y
jh ,G dG e Aj e j CG
d ``J``c`` ````Y ``` U``J ``` F``
.dH ````Y ``` dEG ````fG ``e ``ah ``` S
e c h{ :jBd kGe SdCG b
IdG Y qfCG e gj b e dG
,dG ``e A``` T ```Y ````j ``` ` dGh
G ASH ```dG ``Lh q ` Y Y
Y dP ad GQSG g dG
:jBd Ge hWdG bh .zLh HCG
HZ H Y ``d```SQ j fS{
eCG bU Y dGO d Ie dP d
J G qEG { :FWdG ``bh .zeb
G dG e AT e Y SQ j
{ :`` ` jBG kG``` ` ` ez``` b ``` ` S{ `` `bh ,z`` `H
JYO d G Jj jdG Sda
Gg `` gh ````Z ``e ``f``L ``` Y ``````j
:jBd J dG bh .zMdG
d SQ EG GMCG Z Y j a {
kGe dH QNCG d dG H
Y kG``MCG j { :hdG ``bh ,z``d
e ````JQG ``e EG ``H ``U`````G ````dG
Qj Ggh .zIe d J M SQ
jCG `` jBG ``gCG :Yjh HGSG
.JYO JGP e
..a jBG fEG
dG ``` f``j IQ`` ` `S `` e 94{ :hCG
dG ````dG G`` g ``e ``` S``dG Qq ` `
HG EG fG EG YJh -HGd
!jSG e j a G jBH
dG ,O``g IQS e 12 ``jBG :fdGh
jh QU j CG e SdG Q
dj CG afl dEG MhCG e H J
!H JEG Y a IH G
f j Jc ``gP L ,PEG jBG
If kcT c SEG f qCH OYG
gCG ``j```dG Jc ``H ``e ```dh ,f
eL cDJ jBG e iNCG Y cP
?JYO eCH J j Y c LdG qCH
ioJ j fhe e - N S c
dG QdG j M e gCGd ?GPh
:e MEGh dO Vh Y
G EG YOCG S g b{ :jBG .1
EG .Sj 108 zJG eh fCG IH Y
IOQGdG zIdG{ qCG M j d kGMCG
Y z``` ` dG{ ``e ```` `` jBG ``e
dG Gg J jBG qCG dGh !WEG
H !dG Gg M IdG Jh
H eDG e qCG EG jdG PSCG gP
!Jf dG HfG ``b ``e k```jCG
OH `` jBG qCG ```Y h`````G ```JG ```d
GdG EG JYO AfG dG j KEG
RGdG Ga ,PT dP Y j h ,dEG
Y G EG G``YOCG { :``jBG J j
,zJG ``eh ``fCG ``g``Hh ```Mh I````H
EG G``YOG { :``jBG kGe dG jh
eh H e Yh jh IH Y G
J fldG jh ,zjCG JG
VGh M ``e ```jO EG G``YOG { :`` jBG
jBG Ge hdG j h zAY Z
gah zAY Z VGh Mh H{ :
HGh zVGdG H{ jCG WdG
IH Y{ FWdGh zdH{ RG
gdG Hj CG M e dCG .zjh
jBG g zLe H f{ he ZE
WH EGh ,MW Y JOh
!?iYdG e J jhCJ hCG
HQ e H Y ``c aCG { :jBG .2
JGdG VQ H fi - IAGb
mohammed@alroya.net
Ye
TG S - jDhdG
Id ```jEG Qh``dG e 29 ` dG dG J
e ``fEG O``f j ``M , BG jdG ```dG
edG jcH Sc ,Saj Of Y kV
MWCG dG HddG a b G
fE aCG e dG , jd dH
bdG ``Hh jOSG dH J ``dG e
j ``dG dG ,QZ d j ``dG dG
Gg G CH Qj jdG IOdG Y
29 `dG dH jd h e Z hO SG
IdG hCG IQS a gL fG dGh
fc Q``` dG ````HGh I`````dG O`` f Q`` e ,R````dG
c ,SG Gg dGMCG CGSCG j fG CH j
QfH fG dG gdG IGQe bJ cCG fCG
dGh ,d aH GJe jRG dG
,OSCGh QRCG jd Q````fG ``jG``H ``f``c
56 ````U``H ``` J``dG ``a``` Uh ````j `` dG ``` dG
d jd G S IQN CG CH Qj
MU j ``fCGh kUN ,dH jd
dh ,f 41 UH fSffEG 7 ` dG ``c``G
SdG HM kGc KDJ QeCG g
gKCG d j d e fEG Vh C ;dG
jOhc G Qa ,icdGh jQd IGQe
dG e iNCG IQN J jj fGQ
j fc ja CH j fCG c ,MGh Se
SCH dHh G SG GW IQG W
.QjdG QN OdH dH
SdG e jQJ
k `` P````SG
dGh ``fG Q``e ```fGQ
,SG G``g Q```fCG S ``dG fc dG
H I```c IQ````Gh R```dG HM Q``N IGQ``` G
Sc `` YCG ``MCG ```fCG ````jh jG
M e fEG ,jQJ GW djEG IdG
Q L eN S OJ hCG GQfG M
jdG ``Y ``M```dG ```e O``f Oh```dG Nh
j ``d G``g ```dh ,G``` dG ```Y ``` dGh 19 ` `dG
OY ``jh`````j ```j```dG C ;`` fEG ``g```L
Yd GT :ee FY
eGe jHa UGj
egG QJ ```d``H O``f
M c ,jEG adG
A`` ` fCG ``` ` fl `` e `` `YO ``` Y
,Yd kjb IOd ```dG
Y eGe FY ``cCG M
YdG CG ```d``H ```Sh ``N
,d jW Ia EG j
`````b ``H``` H ``` ` UCG ``e``` H
Jg ````J``J `` eCG IGQ``` e
OG ``SC``d ```f````dG QhO
bh ,``` dG I``` d ``` ` EG
fT Nh SQe ``dGh
CG `` ` ZQ{ :`` ` `H G`` f`` L`` e
``` FGQ ``e```J R`` MCG ```j``H``a
e `` fCG EG `` j`` NCG ``e``` dG
Jh IcG jYdG GR
:aVCGh ,zd jW I``a
Y ``` ` ` ` d ``` ` ` dG `` `` ` f{
YOh JGUh fi
j ,I``NCG dG ``jCG
dH dG bdG AYCG
UG ``Lh Y ````J``Jh
H e ``j````dGh ``a```dG ``c
dG `` j ``j``` ` dG ``` ` N``J
bdG EG ``a``` VE``H ```V``G
d e ```g ``FG``dG
Sh G``g ,zQ````dG ``VG``eC
e ````Y ``````e ``` eG``e
jf `` ` `b `` `d Q`` ` `g `` ` `jGh
dG IGQ``` G ``e hCG ````dG
1-1 dG fc H ,dCG
.G AKdG j OSh
fShdG M h ,d 18 UH dCG
dh ,dCG OY QL S fEa jdG
QL jf IQd jQJ EG gj d fEG
```gD`e ``b```H ``Y ````a```G ``Y j ```a
Ic ae ,``HhQhCG HCG Qh``d gDe
c ,IQGdG a H HhQhCG YG Y eMh
LGG ibCG dG kGVM S jGh Gg
ee c S dGh djEG jgG
. bO 90 dG Ic
Qf :SdG
bG gCG
d dhfi
QNG je dG Id SBG OG Y M
c ,IjL FGL K Od SBG Y aCG
cQG je d e LM g CG YCG
dG G LG dP AL ,SBG HCG QhO
SFH dG G``g hCG Id QGc Od
GQGb dG G JGh ,L gR dG
dG ``j``` G ``j```J ```Y ``` aG``G `` gR`` HCG ,I`` Y
OG FQ SdG dN dG cCG
jdG ``j``g``L ```Y ``` dG I```d ````dG
fEG jQS LGe b ,fHh gP
,2012 d OhC ``gD`G SBG G
fd Ge G Uh CG EG QTCG PEG
Y YdG bCJ Y c H gS
Ic M EG QeCG{ :bh a AGLCG
Uh ```e ``c````e CG ````LG``J h I```L
jQdG ``Y``e ``` ` VQCG e A``````S``H
OTh ,z``D` G A```KCG Q``G d Q```TCG ```dGh
:Fb MG ``g gCG Y SdG
;HS ``c Y k`e`` J MG ``g{
h I`` M`` dGh ```U```dG ```M``e ``` fC
,jNBG ``e``N QfG hCG jd a
eS ``dG G g j e E`a G``d
d :jM Nh .zG VQCG YdG
d cCGh fGe b YdG EG K
YGh , d gCGh MG g SM
YdG ``e ```` `` bh Q`` j ````G CG
G ``bO````dG `````ZQ ````dG R``` Gh
. zdG g eb
Y e LGf :Ce
20
CG S Ce G Q``e Ye cP
dH de jgL LQO Uh jdG
,VG IdG N S dG dG Rd
,jdG AGOCG QdG fGL H eh
IjG LdG H MEG fL EG
Ve ,QG SCG e gDhY Sj
VG I`````dG I``` dG `` N ````dG CG
YadG A```NCG ``e dG Y ```JQG
JG ```Y O``` ` YGh ``G G``g ``eC` Jh
Gg j jdG CG Q``` TCGh ,jdG
H ```d```G ``j``g``G `` LQO EG ``f``G
a ``G R```G ``J dG I```dG b
Rhj CG eCj cP c dh ,Q``eCG ``eR
ah ,````S```M ``N ``e ``dP ``` Y``dG
QdG jdG{ :b QdG jdH j
H d dG RG gT dh b ja
dG ``c dd ah { :``` VCGh z``jQ```G
jH j ````ah ````V``G I``` dG ``N
J H S jdG CG cP ,dG
e jOdG e I``NCG JGQe jdG
gGHEG FGQ AdG CGS PEG W GJ
H dG dhh IOeH QH Y H
.zS Sb Y
21
Ye
J jdG eBG
Of W b Y SBG OG cCG
jEGh gdG JGQe aS jdG
QhO ````V ,`````e Q``` ` dG O`` G ``e
M ,``` ` SBG O`` `G ``SC` ` d ``Y``` ` G
M jHEG e 3 `dG gdG IGQe J
Y ,``JGP dG e 11 `dG ``jEG S
dG cGH QdG OG Of j CG
V `` e`` bEG `````S ``M ,G`` ` `dGh
S `` eCG ,``JGQ``` G ``j````dG ````f
hCG ``JQ````N jd jd ``j```dG
Y dOJh hCG dG SOdG eCG
,GgCG h``H OQCG dG ``eCG e
e Y G```dG Y JGQe d M
jd ``g``KCG d S ,``g```L ``Hh
QG Q``` ` dG O`` `G ``cQ ``Y ``NC` ` dG
,SOdG Y R``ah dG ``eCG OH
jd IC```e Q`` eCG h```J Q`` eCG ``g ``c
Oh dG HdG JcQe G``Y Rhd
QhdG e SBG OG Sc dH a
g Ve Ff CG hO hCG
a bj bJ QGdG Gg JCj ,bYh
QdG f ```hCG dG G
G V ,fg edG UdG
QfH ,2012 d OhC gDG SBG
eOdG jQG jdG e S e
fdG Id e Y dG MQ
dG QY jcH ,QdG dG Y
CG b ddG e FdG f QhdG EG
. jdG G eCG Oj
bj Ic IGQe jLd
ie
i
Y SBG HY GU J CG
hJh
h ,GdGh jdGh IQ``KEG e m``Y
``dh G ``H ``fRG```e dG
j
CG ```Y IC` L``` e kG``` S``N ``` g``MCG h`` N
``j``M e `````S d ,i`````e
dG MCG G A``L M
LGdG fdG W j ``dG
d gZh QeCG g c ,2012 d
aJ ``b I``c ``e ````bO 90 Rh````J
. dY VjQ hH
G e fg
KGMCG Qh````S ```J``G ````dG A````dG
`dG dG bH 4:05 ` `dG ``Y````dG
FGQ LR :GCG
N Yj Wd dG G
GZ ..zidG dCG{ Le
jdG fi H M jdG e Yj
mZ A``` ` e Q`` ` `Gh ``W`````d ``` dG `````G
fdG Y WT Le N KG
S dGh ,idG dC KdGh eG
.WdH WdG OSG e Y
VjdG ``W````dG O`` G ``L``` G ````jh
28 Heh kHe 880 cQ
.WdG J fl e kja
jY ``e `` `cCG ``cQ``` ` G ```a````jh
QeCG 110h ,``LQ h``Y e 100 e He
e 400h ,LQ hY e 200h ,LQ LGM
e 1500h ,``LQ L e 800h ,``LQ hY
AdG SG Ihf
22
VSG
c .SDGh fdG dhO SJ AdG dSH edG
GdGh QOGdG M e FdG SSCG dG jgL ie IhdG
YCG G IQb ieh ,dG SG X d dcG H d
,dEG IG IjdG G jJ Y jQGOEG hDdG h Ad
Y FdG dG SG X dG IQGRd jG QhdG Y a
jdGh FdG dG H dGh hdG aBGh ,jdG
.iQdG
dG OS :IhdG QGOCG
eG jQe - fG OY :d gYCG
dG TGQ /jJ
dG j .O
Fb SY
jL GQGb
N e AdG S eSG cCJ Mh
dL SFH Ad ```YCG G J IO``YEG
cDj ,```F`````dG `````SD`G IO`` b ``e O``Y ``j````Yh
CG e ``j``H ```dG A``YOG je ``bhR``G
H Fb SY Jh gP bhCH dG
.SG
AdG SG ``Y jM ``bhR``G jh
G MUG d AdG SG EG d
hd adG GSG jh ,LCG e Vh dG
IQhV cQe ,SM jH "SG" d
QYH ,"AdG SG " g OGG CG VJ
eSG ```b ```M e ```S```SCG A`````dG CG
dY ``` G G``g CG ````V``e ,```e````dG
fC ;"SG" MUG dG Y
CdG H gOGfGh FdG dG fG H OGj
J JGP FdG dG CG e FdG
`` dGh ,``j``````dG dG ``e Yhe
FSh ``e ``a``J ``eh eG Q``WEG FSdG ``e
SG OGG CG Z :j h .feEGh
dG id fG QJ CGh CGdG SG g
H e OG``j dG GQG```dG J CG Y FdG
jdG dG e KCJ hO jOMh dSG
SG O ``e EG ``F``b ``j``jh .jdG hCG
dG GY
QU (2012/10
(2012/10) bQ dG SG EG dG
dG H
JQG a ee gCG JW eM
J UCG M ,FdG dGh jdG
d HJ Xeh Ib e -AdG hD``T
Vjh .```F`````dG ``` F``` dG ``` dhD` ` ` e -```F`````dG
;"FdG F
FdG" e Y j ``fCG dG
f Ohh JJh hJ e IdG H Gf
dG N e AdG SG CG cDjh .dGdG
dG e SO
SOdG dG hJ M ,dhd SSCG
.FdG dG dSG 60 JOe SSCG
bQ ``` ` ` ` dG `` ` S`` G CG ``` ` ` ` dG ``` V``jh
cd ``e``` dG IQGOEG ``` f `````J (2012/10)
fc Gd ,``jQGO
QGOEG hDdG EG dG IQGOEGh
e QG``J F
FdG dG ``f``b ```U`````NG
hDH e Y CG ,jQGOEG hDdG b
hDdG UCG M UNG G``gh ,IdG
e bdG
HJ O``Lh e ``fCG EG a ,``jQGOEG
Vh Y g c FdGh jdG dG H
VG MCG a BG eCG ,UNG Gg SQ
Gg CG Y GO
GOe ,jQGOEG hDdG EG eH
M ,``H``` dG ``W``dG ``Y``f ``e ``j``a `````SG
Sh QGSG"`H J i`` NCG h``dG EG
dh "Sh
G dG ``cD`j ``e ``gh ,dG IQdG H
h
dG H hdGh
edGh WGGh WdG dd
.jdGh FdG
jCG SG
ee MCG CG EG dG jh
F CdH j e c CG j
XGh FdG
hdG edGh cG edG
g ``jQGOEG hD
```L C ````dh ,`` ` jQGOEG hD` ` ` dG ```H``J
.Y GTEG hhCG QGOEG hCG e UNG CG dhdG
CG QYH ,
,SG Gd dH QdG Y He
VdG a ,fCT MCG Nj S AdG
fCdH j
`` ``fhD``Th ``fG``Lhh V
gh j VdG
V CH cDG QdG jNBG h
.fL KCJ CG e e mN
SDG dhO SJ
dG ``dG EG dG QcdG jh
dSH j a ``e````dG ``e```S``G M
CG T H fEG Fb ,SDG dhO SJ AdG
G G SDe J GQU eY eSG
INBG SDG dhO CG jOdG UTCG dch
Mh dGdG f G dGh SdG
OG aJ
dG .O
AdG SG
jG jDhdG j FQ FdG M QHGh
dG ``` ` UCG ``e Ih``` dG ``cQ``````H k` ` M``e
.Gh dhDGh dG
e kbfG JCJ ,AdG SG Ihf Eq G bh
iMEG j ``dG YdG ``YEG SCH gG
aSG ```Y ``G ``b``dG J ```dG G````dG
jdG b d c IG UCG
.G
kGNDe T dG AdG Eq G :FdG VCGh
fdG ``e``` S``G Qh``` ` H ````e ```Y``f ````f
hDT IQGOEG Jh ,Ad YCG H G
QWEG ;QhO R``` jh ,``d`````SG ````j `` ,A`````dG
fdG QdG ee Vh ,fdG IOS dhO
SDG dG J dG jdGh
.jdGh jdG
k `F``b ``F```dG eh
j Ih```dG ``g Y Eq G :
aBGh G AdG SG Y AdG A```dEG EG
WdG Y OS ``dG HjEG OhO``Gh ,dG
q G OG`` `YEG ````gCG GR`` e ,`` dP AG`` L ``` WG``Gh
dG N e dPh ,AdG SG d
J dG dG ILCGh cG e e SSCG
OGYEG Gg bh ,Gh bdG aJh VdG YS
dhD Vd adGh gDG q WdG QOGdG
.dG bH Y dG dSG X AdG
YdG ``aQ IQh``` V EG ``U``N H ``F```dG q ` fh
kq e WGG j M ,JYL Jh ,fdG
Sh ,fGdH j a jGQdH keh ,YdH
AdG ``bh ```Y k``U``M ``dPh ;```V````dG GAG`` `LEG
QN e Q``eCG J ``Yh dG
.cG Yb
HjEG Yd ``M ``b ``b``dG Cq G FdG ``cq CGh
gPJG dG YT dG IdG GG e
dGh ,dhdG ILCG ac SDG jJ q H
,iNCG Y S ``jCG q J dG a Y
SDG `` dhO ``j``W ```Y ``e````e I```N ```j ``
.dGdG b AYEGh
SG e J feEG EG IhdG Jh
``fEG dG
d GY QG j M ,AdG
UNG f
dG fCG
Ve ,OG aJ N e EG j j Q```c``dG dG a j ``dP ```Hh
e (F
(FdGh jdGh jdG) KdG Ge ,AdG dSG ``jCGQ ``M dG
da ,`````Y ```e````e ``` fCG ``Z i`` `NCG ``Y jh .dG feEGh G ge EG QWEG Gg
23
AdG SG Ihf
dGdG hU
M DhH dG QcdG NGjh
QSG ``Lh J SGG ``g e QhO
f J ``dG fH ``dP ``` JQGh ,````LCG
.KGh H dhdG
H Ge dG j QcdG jh
d fCG e ,"dGY hO IQM " hN HG
,dGdG O``L``H EG Q``````SCG hCG J ```g ```j
GDd Y jGH j G SCGQ MU FGa
.JGQSG j Ab OLh M
ffdG adG Y jd dG jh
eCa ,Je SSCG gj M ,G
f CG Yh c H e ffdG
CG jh .Ic eRCG J JH dG eCG g
CG j AdG SG C`H OYG jd dG
VdG CG edG Qj M ,iNCG dhO J
.V Sh f S
dGh IQGOEG hDe ``c CG dG Hjh
G e Y VdG H j ``e ``ch
fCG cQe ,`` ` jQGOEG ``H ```j `` jQGOEG Y j
V ``e ``Gh QGOEG bdG j CG ``eC`j
,dGdG d S fC ;FdG FdG
f VdG dhDe d dGdG dhDa
da ,``X``G ```dhD```e ````a Q``` j ``H ````Mh
e `` fCGh ``eC``H j CG ```j G j
e Aj AL fEG M ,FdG g OGaCG V
hCG cdG Ojh .dGdG fe
VdGh G VdG H QdG CG Y bhRG
dG SG dG QdG j HdG
```dG A`` YOG SG Se a ,FdG
AYCG j CG Y j fdG c ,2011 jGa
jh FXh JH FSDhQ ```dG A``YOG
dG G dG YG jh ,dG YG L
Y EG MGU j e gh ,QGh Wd
ch ,FdG ``d```YCG ``` dG ``Y``G `````SG
L ```Y G`` ` TEGh ``H``b``dG ``M ``` dG d
G d dH ``` dG A`` `YOG A``` ` YCG
SG SG H fCG bhRG jh .dYC
.WdG Y dG AYOG
bhRG
TGdG g .O
dL
AH
d
d T eY cQG dG jGH fEG
g dhdG g d IcQ gCG c jdG dhdG
dG"`
dG
dG"`H iOj d edG dG ``ch dG
gCG EG LG Rj e gh ,"IT X dh
H GY
GYSG IdG CG jh .dG QOdG
dG
J b ch gOLh Gj CG ebCG
gDe ``Z ``` Yo EG ``` j ``` a ``` g ```F`````dG
G QOGdG fC ;FdG d
.FdG dG hCG FdG aG A``Y M
Y F
FdG j CG ```eCG ``Y ```TG``dG ```jh
M VdG C ;fG GH FdG dG
S ,``d``M Qh``j `` adH eh ``f```dG ``e
h IAG
IAGH j Va ,Lh cCG Y Y
.fdG
Y ``j``G Y ``fCG dG j .O Vjh
d A
AdG CG Z ,Vd f SSCG dG
SG EG YdG j h ,YU d Xh
e ge b ``e EG ``g J h a
Mo
j dG U CG bh IdG YU
aVEH VdG d hTh je ah QNG
.bGe EG
AdG VdG QNG M EG j h
Mj CG j ,```dG A``YOG hCG QGOEG hCG ```dG
j C ;;`````gCG i`` eh ``J``f``` eEGh ````Y I``` f
.dGh jdGh dG M e gDe Vb
QNG ````SCG J IQh``` V ```Y dG O````jh
QNG
SCG Rh`` dG dG QN HG
Lj
M ,(``` Gh ````dG) jW ``e VdG
Y ``KD`J dG G QMh T ```SGQO
Gd ,f
,fd d %40h ,%60 H dGdG
,YUh QNG FSdG aCG Y dG j
Yd
G G g BG dG AdG eh
.VdG
AdG dG N e dG IAdG aQ
````U j m`` ``` g CG ``Z ,``` dG A`` ` YOGh
jQdG EG LG ieh IAdGh OdG H fRGG
G`` fCG `````dG ``` SGQ``dG ````d ``j````dGh ``` gC` ` dGh
AdGh A``YOG UN jdG e e
.eY
Z SSCG dG EG Fb ``bhR``G Ojh
IQOb fCG EG ``G bdG cG e
feEG d ``ah e GPEG dhDH VdG Y
fh h jQJh gCJh J e eRdG
.Lh N Y d jJ d
AdG jgL
gL AdG CG dG GY QG Vjh
OGYEGh jdGh SSCG dG e G``MCG H
a ,cGJ FdG dG EG M ,Gh
EGh Ib I``a ``N Vb dG j CG
,dG EG j M SGh FGHG e Qj
aG QOdGh ,cGJ FH dG CG cDj e gh
.dGdG d G H Y QOb G bdG
YO EG j b VdG CG Y dG Ojh
c ``H````dG ```a ,I``L``` dG ``dG``` dG d e
UCG a ,dG IQGRhh AdG H e Sh g
LMG ``a``c ``a``J M ,GTe BG ````JG
GH gG e H Gd ,d ITe ShQG
dG Ojh .dG QO```dG jJh ``f``G
,IdG eCG FY J fc dG bGG e fEG Fb
Hh dH FGHG AfEG eY ``fCG
KK EG ``` ```F````fEG ``jG``H ``FGh``dG) ````dG
CG EG ge ,a MGh Vb iS aj ,(Ib
.fCeh jU bh EG dCG g
jQJ GQhO
H QOc
dOY eSEG aK
,dSG J Y jM bhRG jh
fc e J dG feEG EG dH
gGdGh IGh````Gh ```dG Y ```J eSEG aK
VdG EG M ,G ``gPCG SGQ Q``eCG gh
g -``` j``G ```j`````dG ```b ```M - ```````dG
HQV adG gh ,GMH j e LQ
dG UCG b e SQG JRY bh dG
.FdG dG Y FdGh
IQG GcCdG ``N e ``fCG ``bhR``G Vjh
N GVj fEa IdG dG UC
.WV jC FdG d SQ
QG bdH J SGG CG bhRG jh
a Fb dGd SDJ fEG M ,jG H
G bQ EG ODJ YLG dGd SDJ EGh
QGOEG RG IAc aQh JJh JYb aH
Vhh fEGh WdGh G aeh dhd
bhRG jh .dhdG Yb H MG Qe
fe dG jM CH S e Y Ge e
S J ``F``YO ``e dL ``` SQCG ``h fdH
,jdG dG ``e b hO ``dhD```G ``j``G
-MCG H -dP MG N e jCGh
.FdG dG EG
SSCG dG
bhRG ``cD``a ,````S```SCG `````dG ``j``g``L ``Yh
M ``e AG``` S ,``` ` G ``` H ``V````dG ```Y IQ``` dG
,dG e CGJ fCG Y SCJ jh QOGdG
e IdG fEG M e b SG H eh
jQGOEG hDdG e M ,FSdG N
.Gh Gh GOLG c
Y ``H ``` hCG `` Y A`` ` YOG ``` ch Q``` ` ` jh
jdH e jH dG A``YOG je ``bhR``G
H FdG dG AYCG Ye IQhV Y
www.alroya.info
info@alroya.info
IAVG
dG
ffEG j M
J eh fdG dG G Idh g ffG ed dG dG qCG MCG Y j Q
H GdG LCG dG ,IOQdG H Y a HZh bT je EG dG fG e dP
Mh ,Gd k jCGh Pd c AdG GSGh dGh GQSG Ge jG
cCG e IOSG CG fhdG dG qCG GQSG FGhOh jeCG adG IQGRh CGQ
j b dG d gQMG qCGh gG jCG h jQdG cdG he J M
bd M c hdEG G HdG EG dG H S iNCG GWCG qC k S Y
ILCGh { jG{ FSh OLh qE`a dP EG VCG ,ddG dG e hO eG dG jQdG
e ,ffd FdG cGH q G GQSG FGhO Y j edG jCG JG
.bdG jh Gh G Y aj da eeh ILCG de bGe
BG Yh dG h OdG h GQG GedG bGe dG f a
c ,ddG JGdGh dG SGG Gec QfCG h ,QhG GQTEG Yh G dG
GcGdG YOJh h dG BG J JGdG H f d ch f c c qCG
YLG ``YEG FSh Y k H H e JGQGM qEG H ,dG cGe IOLG bdG
VQCG Y Jc qCG c ,dG g e QfCG h bGe (gZh jdGh H dG)
Jj CG b eH e OhJ dGh VQCG IdH WG YdG QbCG GY gUJ
.H W dEG
dG jdG jJ M YEG FSh e jdG dhJ e EG IQTEd eG g SCG
a hdEG jdG UJ Vf dh ,LhR e JSGeh SCG QH Fd hdEG
HdG dhdG gh ,!?jM hO dG G GH RL 13 jd dhO FQ j CG j
aj CG dhO FQ dG a dP EG VCG ,dG dG e LGe dhc G IMdG
SGG e f jh ?VQCG IdG bCG fc EGh M LhH Jd JdG YS
bM Y aGf dh SCG FdG Y aGf gh ,dG c Hch SH NdGh fhdEG
d Ua d J h ,Y JLCG Vah fASG h eYEG ILCG LGe jdG
hCG Le Z YEG FSh LJ fq CG e ,d de fq Cch eG g hCG
Y e OQf k jCG gh ,H UN Yh YU LCG e dG CGdG Y Va h q N ILCG
JGQSh jeCG LQG H dOe SeHO FSQ c dG (jh) FKh jJ
CG dP Hh ,H K J d dSG dG jdG g VdG jh ,dG
gJ dG eG Jh IaCGh SdG K We d LhCG b fq C AJ e H J
.ee M TdG J bGe GP
bGJ dG hdG S c g hG GDdG dh ,U HG FKdG H J b f
dG dH J dG eG efG GP Kq ?jdG g H dG ffEG
c i``NCG Ie FGSEG RhH dh ,adG HLCG fCG G ?HG FKdG
j Qjf GHCG dG Y Oj BG 4 a ,SCG J SCG f j ,dG j
H a G``MCG f j FGSEG Y ee e jh FKh Nh ,S 11
G a ,d dSGh ,idG GMCG AGQh dG HdG bh Y O J
dGh ,FGSEG Y gN GRh GdG MGh ,gQEH SEG JG M S G``MCG e
,OdG G``jEG ``G LCJ Y ``cQ dG ,jh FKh jJ e k jCG OSG
- eSEG GU dh ,k fb 14 e G dG dG FdG JdG Y dGh
SM cMh G c ehG QPCG Hh FGSEG dG dG d ,G eSEG
.iNCG dG FdGh
e SdG dG YEG FSh e aG eG S eCG e dGh dG qEG
UdG J FSdG g qC ,GNDe gQfG OGR dG YLG YEG FSh Mh UGh
fq CH GQOEG hCG Yh hO gAGQh dG j bh Jj h FSdG e dG d
eGSG j H ,e edG Yh IQcG FSdG Gg j Ggh ,e eYEG FSh
.H jdGh fjd eNh d XJh GhOCc
zHhQ{
LdG j
!dG jh
mohmed-shahri@yahoo.com
dG Qc Y dG Gd jL QY
fdG -IgdG
Y jL ``eCG ``bQ``H ``Y LLdG Gh d jG G ``D`e c
dGh dG dH JG QHEG ce V HUEG Y dG dG Ga
.55`dG S GhRh dG Ga FdG dG j
e VG PfE dG eCdG N e jG dG aJ IQhH cQG dWh
dG c dG MGLh W PSCG Se QcdG bh .Vd NdG bGdG
e Y j e gh QHEG ce d jG dG bf DG qCH W eL
.dG IOS eCG bQH dGh jedG YhCG
JhdG gh jedG YhCG fH eY j bdG e dG Gg qCG VhGh
jedG YhCG J J HUEG dM a dG IjL jeO YhCG jJ Y hDG
jDhdG Ga j dG i``NCG FGSh d MJQG Jh Ie Z
IgdG eH dG MGLh W PSCG IM ``g QcdG VhCG ,fL e .jcG
QHEG ``c``e ``V``e Qj eY ``fq CG U ``D`e ``N G ``Y JSh
h IAG```dGh ``L``dG d e c Lj dG jcG ``jDh``dG ej fEa ``W``dG
Ve QfG e V EG J VG QfG e ZdG Yh edG fCG
.dG dH JG QHEG ce Y kT aj SdG e a gdG
gh 55`dG S a UTCG 10 c H e kGMGh j QHEG ce qCG VCGh
,IQN TCG dG WdG QHEG ce jh .(WdGh G) VG e Yf
jGdG EG Ge ,VH HUEG Y dG dG M e FH 90 Y hDG a
GjdG QTCG eH UN VH HUEG f dH IOG G OGYCG G
3Q 6 EG HG OY j CG bG eh .kjS gH hS T dCG 500 CG EG
.2030 T e
..CG -d
`` ` ` `dG `` ` `` ` ` ` ` ` dG `` ` ` ` `H
FHdG G M
AY `` ``q` `Sh ,`` ` `J`` Hh`` dG
Wf dG JHhdG
j `` ` J`` ` HhQ G`` `` ` ` ` WCGh
,dG j ``NBGh ``L``dG
dG YCG EG H
."L hO e"
MCG ``ehO Q``Z jh
jREG" ``c``` T ``` ` ` SD` e
S dG "JHhQ
HhQ hCG fa ``j``HCG
HhQ ``g ``L``dG d
j `` `dG "hQhjh"
,HG ``jQ``c jh
LdG Z ``HhQ c"
e `` ` ` ` fq C kG`` ` ` ` `c k` ` `j`` `
f ``` ` j CG ``V``` G
kefh kG`` L k` j``b `````e
ij kjOY kLdJ
."HPG fGb
e ``c Vh j EG ``eh
Y G ``J``M``dG
j M IadG fL
HdG ``bG``G ``j`` R```L
dG `` M`` ` `` `G `` `Hh`` `` ` d
CGj ``K ```````J ``L``` j
Le ``` ` ` J ``` ` ` Y
d ``` ` ` e `` T`` H
GOSh SGH e K
e `` Y`` ` `` `` `e I`` `` ` ` ` U
jh .``` ` b``dG `` ` `dCG
EG `` j`` G R`` ` `G G`` `g
Y `````J I`` gO`` e ``` S
d ``J``HhQ G`````SG
hO ``e ``` d``` G `` ` `YCG
Y IQ`` ` `b ``` ` ` H `` ` `bQ
h`` J ``` d``` ` ` S``H ``` ` dG
LJ fCGh I``Y YS
j RL SGH J
.dG bGG
.jhQO dG EG dG dGh LG
cQG FdG ``aCG VY ceCG jRJ bh
d dG dGh H jOGQ H LG a
a cQG ``aCG gCG Y eCG ,eYEG dG ch
;IdG fdG ``aCG ee a JCa LG
jdG d "jdG"h ,ih`` HCG ``` "H" :e
"iDhdG"h ,``` gG``HEG BG Q````d "IG"h ,```T````dG
"bH I``` ` ` G ``` J``dG M"h ,`` LO`` dG `````d
"dG"h ,fdG O "fGK"h ,N Gd
"dG"h ,Uf MC "dG"h ,TdG Fd
,fdG dGd "EG AGf"h ,f ````UCG
"jJ"h ,fdG Od "dG CGH"h
d "hdG b"h ,``F````dG `` CGh i`````S```eCG
"fQ"h ,``JG```dG "dG"h ,dG
If"h ,````M``dG ``` MC "FW eO"h ,``` S``G
.G d "d IMGh
a ,dG H j a ``eCG
k Jh ;FGhdG ``aCG
Mh ,QLJ eQT :e c