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Documentos de Cultura
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Assessment
or equivalent and Assessors must have a tertiarg qualification qualification in ianguage a TES0L qualification. A post-graduate
Registration Procedures
All
must also taken online bg credit card. When applging, candidates they will provide give the exact details of the identitg document passpoffs as when sitting the test. The 0ET Centre onlg accepts candidates with a proo{ of identitg but makes an exception for test in the national identitg card, provided theu are sittingthe rigorous lD check upon countru that issued it. Candidates undergo a sub-test' The lD initial registration on the test dag and before each
check procedures have DIAC approval'
and via the website' Communication with candidates is bg email Specific details for Candldates can access sample materials'
Part A
test-takers to skim Part A is a Summarg reaclingtask' This requires a texts totai of about 650 words] related to and scan 3-4 $hort ia paragraph bg filling in the single topic ancl to complete a summarg
missingwords.
raters in Part A is marked bg a small group of experienced
sub-tests particularvenues and timetables forthe individual test' Candidate are provided two weeks prior to the dag of the
number' is sent information, including photo and identitg document test dau' to the venues for identitg verification 0n the
whicharemarkedaccordingt0adetailedmarkingkegpreparedbg
the test designers.
Part B
Special provision
for' Specifications Candidates with special needs are provided instructions t0 Venue Cofor test centres are given in detailed requirements ordinators. All test centres must complg with local for meetingthe needs of people with disabilities'
The 0ET Centre makes all reasonable arrangements
test' lt is Part B is a computer marked multiple-choice IMtO] South Wales and then initiallg analgsed bg tlre Universitg of New of individual further bg tlre Universitg of Melbourne for performance
items^
a detailed marking guide The Listening sub-test is assessed against
to
are dealt with prepared bU the test designers' Problematic scripts ail critical borderline as a group bg an experienced assessor and
including accommodate specialvisual or auditorg needs' auditorg equipment' enlargement of print texts and special
analgsis.
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Description of the
Test format
The
OET
There is fi
are designed t0 asscss t1.le sbilitu to understand writt*n seFsratf $ub-te$t f*r *ach skil! *rca. The fteacling arrd Listening silb-te$ts The sub-tests far Re*ding l*d t-istening *re n*t specific to otlu and sp$lren Inglish in c*lrtexrs related t* general hefilth and merliein*. single n'oieSsr0n bilt are baEed an t0p'f$ a1d tasKE c0n]iT!Lln to al1 pr'ofesSions'
,fhe
are e{esign*cl t0 s$ses$ tl.}e ai}!litu to use tnglish appr$priatelu in Spe*king anci f{riting sub-tsts fire specific t* each profession **d
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Listening Sub-test
The Listeiring
slth-test ctnsists 0lt\,vo parts: n recorcled, sirnulated pro{cssianalp;tlent consultati*n witlr nate-tirkirrg rluestion: {Purt AJ, and a t.*coreied talk or Irc{ure on a heaitlr-re late rt topic with shcrt'*nswerrnote"teking qilestiolrs IPart B],
each ab*ut 15 minr.ltes o{ recorcled speech. A set of questicns is aiiached t$ each is section and cancllciates wrlte th*il ansv/el's while listening' The ariginal recard!ng edi'ted with pail$e$ to allclw c;ndidates time to write their answers
nstes The farn"rat fnr Part A {the consultatior-ll r*qrrlres canrlida{es to prcrluce case under rsievant headings and tc writ* as much releva*t inf*tmation as ptssible . gfi the nuritlet-*f p*ittts il40$t que$tigns in P*rt ts {ttre lectur*] !nclude inrlicationE
a cancllclate is
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Reading Sub-test
The Reading sut]-te$t con$ists of{wo parte: Part A ls a summatU [eading task. This refiuires test^X*ksrs to skir* and sc*n 3''1 sh0rt text_c Ia total cf abaut fi5*',votds j relateri to a ctngle tcpic and to cornpiete
tilling in the missing wordE. Test-take rs are reqr:ired tc rririte r*spnnses for ?5.35 Saps in tc{al, r,rithin * s{rictlg m*nitorec! till.:e liriit c}f 15
a sllminarU parograph bg
m;nr!tes.
Part A is designecl t0 te$t the re*der's abilitU tr: scurce ilr{*rmation
lr*m multiple
texts, t0 sgnth*sise i*fnrmatrcn in a rneaningful w;lg scanning abiiity untler a time limit
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Part F test-takers ar* required to rearl trry* ill$sOgeS {6ilil-80il wr:rds each} on ge neral medical topics antJ answer 8-11) rnlltiple chcice q*estiotrs fmr each text la tctai *f t6'2C questir:nsJ " witlrin a 'time limit of 45 mirrutes' Part B is designed t0 test the readcr's abilitg to read in greater detail g*ner*l and specilic inf*rtnatl+n for comprehensi*n.
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of a short answer reponse lsummarg The Reading sub-test consists questions IMCQJ test IPart AJ and a multiple-choice for Part A are marked sheets test (Part Bl. Candidate answer Part B are computer assessors and score sheets for OO,*'n*O
l,-
of
These for each of the sub-tests' Results. A band score is reported are derived t0 E Ilowestl' Theg band scores range from I InighestJ skills [Writing and for the sub-tests for the productive
;;;il;ti
differentlg
scanned'Theitem.leveldataareanalgsedusingaRASCHanaigsis
.rp.ri.nr.d
assessors
internal consistencg and item programme, 0UESI ior overall (i'e'' with found to be performing unacceptablg Orr'ng. Ang items of less than 'Z5l are levels fit of above 1'3 orwith discrimination analgsis' removed from tlre subsequent
bg a smail group of experienced The Listening sub-test is marked questions consists of slrort-answer raters in Melbourne' The test
ofeachotherandrlrithoutknowiedgeofacandidate'sperformance ontheothersub.tests.TheWritingandSpeakingsub.testsareeach
levels' 1"6' each criterion has six grade graded against five criteria; response" rfiith level 6 representing a veru str0ng
The criteria for each
sub-test are:
Speaking
prepared detailed marking guidelines and is marked accordingto of marking' ln orderto ensure consistencg Ug tf," tu.t designers' assessors are eacl't administration piio, to th. marking session at for the and applg ttrese guidelines' As trained in how to interpret data are analgsed using 0UEST Reading sub-test, the item-level items and item qualitg' Again' ang for overall internal consistencg fit of above 1"3 or with found to be performing unacceptablg Ii'e'' from the 0f iess than '25J are removed levels
with discrimination
subsequent analgsis'
Band cut-scores li"e', the boundaries Listening sub-tests at everg are re'set for the Reading and reof whether theq are new tests'
Writing
'
of Language' Overall Task Fulfiiment, Appropriateness Features IGrammar Comprehension of Stimrrlus' Linguistic Punctuation & Cohesionl, Presentation Features Ispelling,
administration regardless which have not previouslU constituted tests usingt\^ro texts/parts or previouslg-used tests
been used in combinatian'
& Lagout) multi-faceted RASCiI analgsis The data are analgsed using
1989*21; with FACETS so{tware (Linacre IMcNamara 19g6*'J in the analgsis' candidate and rater are facets in the to have unexpectecl responses All candidates who are found differences To compensate for ang data analgsis are third marked' falr are derived from the single in assessor severitg, band sccres raw scores ratherthan from averaged score generated bg FACETS' to bands as iollows: These fair scores are then converted
reliabilitg This is because fon everg administration' which are from the'analusls those items is maximisecl ng remavrng forthat cohort' This means found to be performingunacceptablg individual text/part' the number for the same test*version or that, t0 administration' of items mag varg from administration no more than one item is usuallg has found that experience removed'
level on the Reading and Listening Cut-scores for each band
cf measurement
although
sub.testsareSetonthebasisofthepercentagedistributionof candidatesintobandlevelsusingtlreaverage0ftheWritingand
5Peaking sub-tests'
1-6] Conversisn to band scores Irange 5'E and above Band * Band B: 4'8 5 5 Band C: 4'? 4'7 Band D: 3 '4 4'L 3 3 and below Band
A:
E:
these criterion-referenced This assumes that normallg into grades in difiicultg and that distribution sholrld be equivalent whsle therefore be similar for the across the sub-tests should grade individuals will get the same cohort. lt cloes not assume that each of candidates fallinginto in on each sub-test [The propcrtion Writing sub" for the Speaking and grade is generallg verq similar
tests. I
sub'tests
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are accePted, e"g., color or colour'
Make sure
passage' Sometime same nurnbered box as the'gap'in the summarg u.u write gour response in the
if gou can't fincl a worcl use words with similar meaning to,.,rrords in {he texts
as sun0ngms.
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need to write' missing and to antlcipate the tgpe of missing word Is] gou
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gou so that all texts are visible at the same time' Have the Answer instructions carefullg. Have the Text booklet open in front of
BookletslightlUtcthesidesothatUoucanwriteuoLlrrespOnSesaSU0Ureadthetexts.
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After each of the texts uou to texts found in academic or professionaliournals' texts are 0n hearth-related topics and are simirar answers 0r waus of finishing Imultiple-choice about the rext, each with four suggested will find g-10 questions or unfinished statements gou think fits best' must chsose the one response which questionsJ. You
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lnstructions
TIME LIMIT 15 MINUTES
o . . r o
Complete the summary on pages 2 and 3 of Part A - Answer Booklet using the information in the four texts
(A1-4) below. You do not need to read each text from beginning to end to complete the task. You should scan the texts to
find the information you need. Gaps may require 1. 2 or 3 words. Answer ALL questions. Marks are NOT deducted for incorrect answers.
You should write your answers next to the appropriate number in the right-hand column. Please use
corect spelling
Text A1
Title:
Patterns of injury in US high school sports: A review. Authors: Field and O'Brien (2007)
OBJECTM: To characterize the risk of injury associated with 10 popular high school sports by comparing the relative frequency of injury and selected injury rates amon-q sports, as well as the participation conditions of each sport. DESIGN AND SETTING: A cohort observational study of high school athletes using a surveillance protocol whereby certified athletic trainers recorded data during the 2005-2007 academic years. SUBJECTS: Players listed on the school's team rosters for football, wrestling, baseball, field hockey, softball, girls'volleyball, boys' or girls' basketball, and boys' or girls' soccer. MEASUREMENTS: Injuries and opportunities for injury (exposures) were recorded daily. The definition ofreportable injury used in the study required that certified athletic trainers evaluate the injured players and subsequently restrict them from participation. RESULTS: Football had the highest injury rate per 1000 athlete-exposures at 8.1, and girls' volleyball had the lowest rate at 1.7. Only boys' (59.37a) and girls' (57 .07o) soccer showed a larger proportion of reported injuries for games than practices, while volleyball was the only sport to demonstrate a higher injury rate per 1000 athlete-exposures for practices than for games. More than l3Vo of the injuries restrieted players for fewer than 8 days. The proportion of knee injuries was highest for girls' soccer (79.4Vo) and lowest for baseball OO.5%). Among the studied sports, sprains and strains accounted for more than 50Vo of the injuries. Of the injuries requiring surgery, 60.37c were to the knee. CONCLUSIONS: An inherent risk of injury is associated with participation in high school sports based on the nature of the game and the activities of the players. Therefore, injury prevention programs should be in place fbr both practices and games. Preventing reinjury through daily injury management is a critical component of an injury prevention program. Although sports injuries cannot be entirely eliminated, consistent and professional evaluation ofyearly injury patterns can provide focus for the development and evaluation of injury prevention strategies.
Text 42
Literature review extract: Prevention 0f sports injuries,
,,, Langran and Selvaraj [6] conducted a study in Scotland to identify risk factors for snow sports injuries. They found that persons under 16 years of age most frequently sustained injury which may be attributed to inexperience They conclude that protective wrist guards and safety release binding systems for skiboards helps prevent injury to young or
inexperienced skiers and snowboarders, Ranalli and Rye [1 3] provide an awareness 0f the oral health care needs 0f the female athlete They report that a properly fitted, custom-fabricated or mouth-formed mouthguard is essential in preventing intraoral soft tissue lacerations, tooth and jaw fractures and dislocations, and indirect concussions in sports Although custom-fabricated
mouthguards are expensive, they have been shown to be the most effective and most comfortable for athletes to wear, Pettersen [1 4] conducted a study to determine the attitudes of Canadian rugby players and coaches regarding the use of protective headgear, Although he found that few actually wear headgear the equipment is known to prevent lacerations and abrasions to the scalp and may minimize the risk of concussion
15
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lnstructions
TIME LIMIT 15 MINUTES
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not write abbreviations' in your responses' Do Please use correct soelling
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Part B
lnstructions
TIME LIMIT:45 MINUTES
part B. After each of the texts you will frnd a number of questions or unfinished There are TWO reading texts in answers or ways of finishing' statements about the text, each wrth four suggested .1-18' rndicate on your answer sheet the For each question' You must choose the oNE which you think fits best. question' letter A, B, C or D against the number of the
AnswerALLquestions.MarksareNoTdeductedforincorrectanswers. part B within the 45 minutes allowed for this parl of the sub-test' NorE: you must complete your Answer sheet for
in Australia
Paragraph 1 problem of levels of visual impairment' when we look at the Australians are living longer and so face increasing main issues. First, most impaired people retire with relatively visual impairment and the elderly, there are three is common in most people over 45 years of age' Second' ,onormal,, eyesight, with no -or"ihun presbyopia, which almost all and are not merery suffering from "old age". Third, those with visual impairment do have "y" iir"or" such as cataract, graucoma and age-related macular the major ocular disorders affecting the older population" and eventual blindness' (AMD), are p,og,"s,iu-" and if untreated will cause visual impairment
degeneration
Paragraph 2 remains the most prevalent cause of blindness worldwide' cataract accounts for nearly balf of all blindness and it was estimated rn 1979 to affect the vision of 43 In Australia, we do not know how prevalent cataract is, but some risk factors for cataract have been identified' such persons per thousand over the age oi 64 y"urr. Although the alcohol consumption, there is no proven means of preventing as ultravioret radiation, cigarette smoking and if diagnosis can be delayed or cured of most age-related or senile cataract. However cararactblindness
development is early and therapy, including surgery, is accessible'
Paragraph 3 over 65. In the united States, it affects 8-rl7o of those AMD is the leading cause of new cases of blindness in those the prevalence of AMD is presently unknown but could aged 65--74, and 207o of those over 75 years. In Australia, the third treatment poriibiliti"s forAMD are limited. Glaucoma is be similar to that in the USA. Unlike cataract, the optic nerve damage is far disease is often undetected until major cause of vision loss in the elderly. This insidious are ethnicity and family history, are known, these associations while risk factors for glaucoma, such as
advanced.
medically or surgically' poorly understood. with early detection, glaucoma can be controlled Paragraph 4
may not while older people use a large percentage of eye services, many more elderly in Baltimore had ocular pathology requiring fufther these services. In the united States 33Vo oi the visually impaired in London were known by their doctors investigation or intervention. In the UK, onry half the in the city of canterbury had never visited an to have visual problems, and 40vo of those visually impaired elderly people believe
eye care services are, first, that many ophthalmologist. The reasons for people underutilising and many of the visually impaired have other chronic disease that poor vision is inevitable o, untr"atable. Second, and' and rehabilitation centres in the community are limited may neglect their eyesight. Third, hospital resources finally, social factors PlaY a role'
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QUESTIONS
A B C
D
A existing eye care services are not fully utilised by the elderly. B GPs are generally aware of their patients' sight difficulties. C most of the elderly in the USA receive adequate eye treatment. D only 40o/o of the visually impaired visit an opthalmologist.
According to paragraph 4, which one of the following statements is Nor true?
A B
Many elderly people believe that eyesight problems cannot be treated effectively.
Elderly people with chronic diseases are more likely to have poor eyesight.
C The facilities for eye treatments are not always readily available. D Many elderly people think that deterioration of eyesight is a product of ageing.
ln discussing social factors affecting the use of health services in paragraph S, the author points
A B C D
wealthier people use health services more often than poorer people. poorer people use health services more regularly than wealthier people. poorer people deliberately avoid having their eye sight examined. poorer people have less access to the range of available eye care services.
A B
C D
about one tenth of the country's population will be elderly. about one third of the country's population will be eldedy. the proportion of people over 65 will be twice the present proportion. the number of visually impaired will be twice the present number.
A should be more active in investigating patients' possible sight difficulties. B should not be required to dealwith sight deterioration. C should not refer patients to specialists until the problems are advanced. D should seek assistance from eye specialists in detection of problems.
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Text
Paragraph 1 Physical inactivity is a substantial risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Exercise probably works by increasing physical fitness and by modifying other risk factors. Among other benefits it lessens the risk of stroke and osteoporosis and is associated with a lower all-cause mortality. Moreover, it has psychological effects that are surely underexploited. A pervasive benefit is the gain in everyday reserve capacity - that is, the ability to do more without fatigue. Nevertheless, there is much debate about how intense the exercise should be. Some studies show a dose-response relation between activity and reduction of risk, with a threshold of effect; some suggest that vigorous aerobic activity is needed and others that frequent moderate exercise is adequate - and indeed safer if ischaemic heart disease might be present. A few surveys have found a slightly increased risk of heart attack with extreme activity, though further analysis in one study suggested this applied only to men with hypertension. Paragraph 2 A commonly recommended minimum regimen for cardiovascular benefit is thrice weekly exercise for 2O minutes, brisk enough to produce sweating or hard breathing (or a heart rate 6V80Vo of maximum). Indeed, this is what the Allied Dunbar national survey of fitness among adults in the UK recommends. It conveys a simple popular message of broad minimum targets for different age groups expressed in terms of activities of different intensity. The aim is to produce a training effect through exercise beyond what is customary for an individual. Paragraph 3
The main reason why people fail to take exercise is lack of time. Thus an important message is that exercise can be part of the daily routine - walking or cycling to work or the shops, for instance. Relatively few people in the national fitness survey had walked continuously for even 1-25 km in the previous month (lI-3O7o OepenOing on age and sex), and other surveys have also found little walking. Cycling is also beneficial, however many are put off cycling to work by the danger. Certainly more cycle routes are needed, but even now life years lost through accidents are outweighed by the estimated life years gained through better health. Employers could encourage people to make exercise part of the working day by providing showers and changing rooms, flexible working hours, individual counselling by occupational health or personnel staff, and sometimes exercise facilities - or at least encouragement for exercise groups.
Paragraph 4 In the promotion of exercise children, women, middle aged men, and older people need special thought. Lifelong exercise is most likely to be started in childhood, but children may have little vigorous exercise. Women tend to be much less active than men and are less fit at all ages. The proportion judged on a treadmill test to be unable to keep walking at 5km/h up a slight slope rose with age from34Ta to 92Vo - and over half of those aged over 54 would not be able to do so even on the level. Women have particular constraints: young children may prevent even brisk walking. Thus they need sensitive help from health professionals and women's and children', gro,rp, as well as the media. Paragraph 5
exercise to help them make the most of their reduced physical capacity and counteract the natural deterioration of age. They respond to endurance training much the same as do vounger people. Doctors particularly should take this challenge more seriously.
A high proportion of men aged 45-54, who have a high risk of coronary heart disease, were not considered active enough for their health. Promotion of exercise and individual counseliing at work could help. Forty per cent of 65-74 year olds had done no "moderate" activity for even 20 minutes in a month. Yet older people especially need
28
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QUESTIONS
15
According to paragraphs 4 and 5, older men and women need to remain physically active and fit
because......
A they need to counteract the risk of coronary disease' B fitness levels decrease rapidly over the age of 54.
C they need to guard against poor health and inactivity. D exercise works against the physical effects of ageing.
16
Which one of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 6 as a precaution to be taken when considering exercise?
A The need to balance aerobic activity with stretching. B The need to warm up before and cool down after exercise'
C The need to eliminate the risk of ischaemic hearl disease before starting. D The need to exclude strenuous exercise from the routine during infection.
17
Which one of the following needs in relation to the improvement of national fitness are NOT mentioned in the article?
A The need for people to make exercise a regular daily habit' B The need to provide information on health and fitness to the community. c The need for doctors themselves to improve their own fitness levels.
D
18
A lt is unsafe for people with high blood pressure to do regular moderate exercise. B Experts agree on the importance of both type and intensity of exercise. C Men are generally fitter and more active than women.
D
Cycling, though unsafe, rs a beneficial form of exercise.
30
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Reading Sub-test
Part A: Junior Sports lniuries
Answer Key
Total of 27 questions
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 I 10 11 '|.2 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
girls'volleyball football
sprains and strains
required/neededsurgery/neededanoperation
wrestling
skatingaccidents/incidents
head injuries
no further damage
minimise/reduce the risk OR reduce rates lacerations and abrasions custom-fabricated mouthguard OR mouth-formed mouthguard soft tissue laceration(s)
END OF KEY
34
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Part B - Text 1: Going blind in Australia
Answer Key
Total of 10 questions
1
B B D C A B D C A B
3 4 5 6
7
causes a significant amount of sight loss in the elderly. must occur early to enable effective treatment. existing eye care services are not fully utilised by the eldedy.
Elderly people with chronic diseases are more likely to have poor eyesight.
poorer people have less access to the range of available eye care services.
8
9
END OF KEY
36
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Reading Sub-test
Part B - Text 2: Exercise, fitness and health
Answer Key
Total of 8 questions
weight control and decrease in levels of body fat. different levels of exercise intensity for different age groups. difficulty in fitting it into their daily routine.
Providing encouragement and advice from staff within the organisation. exercise works against the physical effects of ageing.
The need to balance aerobic activity with stretching. The need for doctors themselves to improve their own fitness levels.
Experts agree on the imporlance of both type and intensity of exercise.
END OF KEY
38
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A1: Title: Management of rnigraine in New Zealand General Practice Authors: Spark, Vale & Mills {2006) A2:
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Ithe and'the authors'later in the summarg passage highlights these as referents; signallingto the readerthat all of the missing information 'fhe pofirnts s urvegetl bg Spark, Vale snd N4ills' Ia surveg [items 9-11] is probablg from the same source text IA1]. 'The stLrdg' refers back to
40
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written is often quite different granmaticolly t0 the originaltexts, as well as in tone or stgle. texts into Uour summarU as there is a greater chance of making a grammatical error if qou do. Even though gou might correctlg spellthe word gou choose, if gou don't chsose the correct form of the word IsJ which has
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word Is] you decide t0 write dcwn, i.e", how the words U0u ch0ose f it into the waU the summarU passage is written and whether gou need to alterthe word {si slightlg from the wau theg appear in the originai longer text. YoLl might like to cansider, for example, such things as the irlord-en ding for a particuiar verb Ie.g., according t0 verb tense J or
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important meaning of the text and then carr9 that meaningthrough to the shortened summarU passage makingong grammaticalchonges
as needed"
47
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careful readerwill note that the focus in the original text is on 'csr accidents'Iat the beginning ofthe statement] as the,agent,or subjec.! As the agent ofthe action [to cause] the crctlve voice ofthe past sirnple verb form is used with the object oftlre {caused] sentence being'?2% of alt iniuries'.ln tlre summarU passage, the construction is reversed, with 22% af att injuries the main focus of the sentence fwith the action being'clone' bg'car accidents'].
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Recognising where the subject or focus of the sentence has changed between the wording of the text ancl the wording of the summarg passage [with the meaning staging the same] will help the reader to predict whethe r active orpasslve voice is needed in the response.
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Part A
lnstructions
TIME LIMIT
lS MINUTES
. o . . .
Complete the summary on pages 2 and 3 of Part A - Answer Booklet using the information in the four texts
(A1-4) below. You do not need to read each
te><t
from beginning to end to complete the task. You should scan the texts to
find the information you need. Gaps may require 1. 2 or 3 words. Answer ALL questions. Marks are NOT deducted for incorrect answers.
You should write your answers next to the appropriate number in the right-hand qolumn. Please use correct spelling in your responses. Do not write abbreviations.
Text A1
Title: Management of migraine in New Zealand General Practice Authors: Spark, Vale & Mills (2006)
OBJECTMS:
To determine the proportion of patients who have a diagnosis of migraine in a sample of New
Zealand general practice patients, and to review the prophylactic and acute drug treatments used by these patients.
DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: A cohort of general practitioners collected data from about 30
consecutive patients each as part of the BEACH (Bettenng the Evaluation and Care of Health) program; this is a continuous national study of general practice activity in New Zealand. The migraine substudy was conducted in June-July 2005 and December 2005-January 2006.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Proportion of patients with a current diagnosis of migraine; frequency of
migraine attacks; current and previous drug treatments; and appropriateness of treatment assessed using published guidelines.
prophylactic medication (19.77o and25.07c" respectively) than those with less frequent migraine attacks (3.87o) (P < 0.0001). Prophylactic medication had been used previously by 15.)Vo (961640). The most common prophylactic
agents used currently or previously were pizotifen and propranolol; other appropriate agents were rarely used, and inappropriate use of acute medications accounted for 9Vc of "prophylactic treatments". Four in five miglaine
patients were curently using acute medication as required fbr migraine, and 60.6Vo of these medications conformed with recommendations of the National Prescribing Service. However, non-recommended drugs were also used, including opioids (38% ofacute medications).
CONCLUSIONS: Migraine is recognised frequently in New Zealand general practice. Use of acute medication
otien follows published guidelines. Prophylactic medication appears to be underutilised, especially in patients with frequent migraine. GPs appear to select from a limited range of therapeutic options lbr migraine prophylaxis,
despite the availability of several other well documented efficacious agents, and some use inappropriate drugs for migraine prevention
48
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PartA-AnswerBooklet
lnstructions
TIME LIMIT 15 MINUTES
. ' ' r r
Complete the following summary using the information in the four texts, A1-A4, provided on pages 2 and 3 of the
Text Booklet. You do not need to read each text from beginning to end to complete the task. You should scan the texts to find the information you need.
Gaps may require 1. 2 or 3 words. You will not receive any marks if you write more than 3 words.
You should write your answers nexi to the appropriate number in the right-hand column
Summary Migraines
ln a recent study by Spark, Vale and Mills, which
.l
Answers
investigated the prevalence of migraines among patients in New Zealand, it was found that of
(3)
121
(1)
..,.
2.
patients had been diagnosed with migraine. .... Migraine incidence was different across genders,
(4)
3.
proportion of men diagnosed compared .... with women. Similarly, a US report found migraines with a
.... of men and within a restricted age range.
(s)
4.
occurring in around
1oy
.... of women
b.
Concerning interventions, the US report found that .... medical advice. Of the patients surveyed by Spark, Vale and Mills, just over eight per cent were taking 1ey .... at the time of the study. By contrast, the study found that a large proportion of migraine sufferers used practitioners do not utilise
..." Given these findings, the authors note that general
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9.
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10.
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52
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Reading Sub-test
Part A: Migraines
Answer Key
Total of 26 questions
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 I 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
general practice/Gp
2Oo/o
did not seek/do not seek (or contractions) prophylactic medication/preventative medication acute medication prophylacticmedication/preventativemedication limited range/narrow range burden/impact
(total) missed workdays
(total)lostproductivity/productivityloss
greater/higher/bigger/larger/high/big /large/ma1or
in bed OR off (work/sick)
four (days)
Jane
(migraine)absences
Sally
employers OR colleagues employers OR colleagues behaviour change(s) OR changes in behaviour (supporters') contact numbers
flexibte
END OF KEY
54
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