QUI TC AN TON TRONG CHIT NP GAZ

YU T NGUY HIM CA GAS

- Kh t ha lng (LPG) thng gi l GAS l hn hp kh Propan (C3H8) v Butan (C4H10) c ha lng p sut cao v c cha trong nhng chai thp. - Gas rt nguy him v chy n do c gii hn n di thp. Hn hp gas v khng kh vi hm lng th tch khong 1,8 n 9,5% gas khi c mi la l lp tc pht n. - Gas rt linh ng dng lng cng nh dng kh li cha trong mi trng c p sut nn rt d r r. Gas nng hn khng kh nn d tch t li khi r r. Do vy i hi bnh cha, ng ng, cc van, mi ni phi c cht lng thch hp, mi trng s dng gas phi thng thong tt. - Chai cha gas l thit b chu p lc, c nguy c n nu khng bo m tiu chun an ton v thit b chu p lc.

QUY NH AN TON TRONG VIC CHIT NP GAS

- Ch c php sang chit, np gas ti cc trm np kh tiu chun k thut an ton, c kim nh k thut an ton t yu cu v ng k vi c quan chc nng theo quy nh hin hnh. - Ch c php np gas vo cc chai qua khu kim tra chai, m bo tiu chun KTAT chai cha LPG. - Sau khi np kh phi kim tra v lng np v kn. Tt c cc chai b r r u phi loi b sa cha nhng chi tit, b phn b hng Cm s dng cc chai b r r cho bt c mc ch g.

QUY NH AN TON TRONG S DNG GAS

- Lp t chai gas : - Chai gas phi khng c hin tng phng mp, n mn, mc r chn , vnh chn, thng tin ghi trn chai r, cn trong nin hn s dng, thng tin ph hp vi nh sn xut np kh. - Chai gas phi c lp t trng thi thng ng khi s dng; ni rm mt, thong kh, d thy; cch xa ngun nhit v ni c th pht sinh tia la ti thiu 1,5 m. . Lp t bp gas : - Bp gas t ni thong, nhng trnh gi la trc tip (v d : ca s,..), ni m t hoc c ha cht n mn. Bp gas cch mt tng bn 15cm, cch vt treo pha trn ti thiu l 1,5m. - Sau khi hnh lp t chai gas, bp gas, h thng thit b, ng ng lin kt xong vv.. phi kim tra kn cc mi ni, mi lin kt bng nc x phng hoc dung mi to bt, khng c s dng ngn la trn kim tra. - S dng bp gas: - Khi bt bp, m van chai trc, van bp sau, khi tt bp kha van chai trc, van bp sau gas trong ng ng chy ht. - Nu la tt v l do no m ngi s dng khng bit th lp tc ng van chai, m rng cc ca cho thong kh, cch ly hon ton ngn la trn. Tuyt i khng bt li bp, bt qut thng gi hay bt k dng c in no, trnh pht sinh tia la in c th lm gas bt chy v n. Ch bt li bp khi ht mi gas. - X l s c khi r r gas: - Khi pht hin mi gas hoc nghe ting x gas phi nhanh chng tt ngay cc ngun la gn khu vc t chai, tt bp gas, ngn chn cc ngun pht sinh tia la in, khng

ng hoc ngt cc cng tc in... - M cc ca bp thng thong, phn tn v lm long hi gas. - Tm ch r bng cch qut nc x phng hoc dung mi to bt. Tuyt i khng dng ngn la trn tm ch r. - Bt cht ch r bng mi kh nng nh ng van, thay th nt hoc np y ca chai, trt x phng vo ch r sau qun bng keo hoc dy cao su hn ch ti a lng gas r r. Nu khng khc phc c s c r r, cn phi vn chuyn cc chai r n ni trng, thong gi, xa cng rnh, xa cc ngun la v khu dn c, c th lm long nng hi gas trong khng kh bng cc kh cha chy nh CO2, N2. - Phi cnh gii cm la ti khu vc chai gas b r, thng bo cho nh cung cp gas hoc c quan chc nng c bin php x l thch hp.

QUY NH AN TON I VI CHAI GAS MINI

- Chai gas mini l cc chai gas nh cha khong 200 250 g gas dng cho cc bp gas xch tay. Trn th trng hin ang s dng 2 loi chai gas mini: . Loi chai c v lm bng tn l mng. Gas cha trong chai l hn hp gm 95% Butane v 5% Propane nn cn gi l chai gas butan. Trong iu kin bnh thng, khi lng, p sut kh trong chai gas l 3,2 kG/cm 2. Loi chai gas butan ch c dng mt ln, khng c np li. . Loi chai c v dy hn lm bng thp Inox, c th chu c p sut n 32 kG/cm2. Gas cha trong chai c th cng loi vi cc chai gas ln (loi 12 kg, 50 kg). Loi chai gas mini Inox dng c nhiu ln, c np li ti cc nh cung cp gas nh cc chai gas ln. - Tuyt i khng dng chai gas butan c np li nhiu ln do chai c sn xut ph hp vi iu kin p sut l 3,2 kG/cm2. Khi sang np li, gas c np thng l hn hp Butane v Propane vi t l gm 50/ 50 hoc 40/ 60 hoc 30/70 th tch. Vi t l ny p sut hi bo ha ca gas trong chai nhit 400C s tng t 3,2 kG/cm 2 ln 8; 9; 10 kG/cm2 vt qu p sut lm vic cho php ca chai cha gy nguy c chy n khi s dng. Mt khc khi s dng nhiu ln, v chai gas butan d b g st, mc cng lm tng nguy c n bnh.

V TAI NN LAO NG DO S C GAS GY RA

- V th 1: Ngy 27/12/2004 ti cn h cho thu thuc nh khng s KP8 t 165 PBH ngi thu nh l TDK thc hin vic sang chit gas LPG t chai loi 12,5 KG sang cc chai gas nh dng cho bp mini. Vic sang chit gas thc hin th cng bng bn sang chit t ch. Do r r kh LPG nn gy nn v n ph hy ton b cn nh, v gy h hi cho cc nh chung quanh. TDK b phng nng ton thn v cht sau 6 ngy. - V th 2: Ngy 19/2/2005 ti DNTN P.Q PTN xy ra v chy n phng sy sn, lm b thng 2 cng nhn khi cng nhn vn hnh phng sy bt cng tc mi la bung t. - Nguyn nhn : Phng sy s dng gas sy sn phm khng bo m an ton; khng c thit b pht hin kh gas b r; u bc gas b r gas tch t trong bung t n chy khi c mi la; khng c h thng thng gi trc khi mi la phng sy.