Back-corona model for prediction of ESP efficiency and voltage-current characteristics

Gianluca Bacchiega, Ivo Gallimberti IRS srl - Padova Italy www.irsweb.it - bacchiega@irsweb.it

Nicolas Caraman, Vronique Arrondel, Michel Hamlil EDF R&D Chatou FRANCE www.edf.it - veronique.arrondel@edf.fr

ICESP X - Cairns 2006

Summary

Back-corona discharge model Inception level Current density Voltage-current characteristics Back-corona effect on collection efficiency Efficiency loss by positive particle charging Efficiency computation

ICESP X - Cairns 2006

Back-corona discharge

BackBack-corona

GlowGlow-corona

Collecting plate

+ +

Emitter electrode

Particle layer
ICESP X - Cairns 2006

Typical voltage-current characteristics

1000 900

Severe back-corona backModerate back-corona back-

Secondary Current (mA)

800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Normal

Secondary Voltage (kV)

ICESP X - Cairns 2006

Back-corona inception level

E t ! VJ ! 50 10 V/m

V
ICESP X - Cairns 2006

Back-corona current density

Jb ! kbl

0 .4

E l

 Et

ICESP X - Cairns 2006

Simple electrical circuit model +

Ua
J'
J ' ! J (U d )  J b (E l , l ) E l ! V J ' !U E l U d l a
+ -

J b (E l , l )

J (U d )

Ul ! El l
ICESP X - Cairns 2006

Ud

Voltage-current characteristics and layer resistivity

0.6 1.00E+09 0.5 Current (uA) 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Applied voltage (kV) 1.00E+10 6.00E+10 1.00E+11 6.00E+11

ICESP X - Cairns 2006

Graphical representation of the voltage-current working point

0.3 1: glow -corona 0.25 2: particle layer resistivity

J (mA/m2)_

J 1 ! J (U a  U l ) J ! V Ul 2 l

0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 0 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4

U l (kV)

ICESP X - Cairns 2006

Graphical representation of the voltage-current working point

0.3

J ( m A /m 2 ) _

J 1 ! J (U a  U l ) ! V Ul J 2 l 3 ! J1  J b  l J U

0.25 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 0 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 Ul (kV) 2.5 3 3.5 4

1: glow -corona 2: particle layer resistivity 3: glow -corona + back-crona

ICESP X - Cairns 2006

Graphical representation of the voltage-current working point

0.3

J 1 ! J (U a  U l ) ! V Ul J 2 l 3 ! J1  J b  l J U

0.25

J (m A /m 2 )_

0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 0

0.5

1.5
Ul (kV)

2.5

3.5

ICESP X - Cairns 2006

Voltage-current characteristics and layer thickness

500

400 Current (mA)

300

200

Experi mental

100

500 500 Layer 0 cm 400 400

Current (m ) A

Applied voltage (kV)

Layer 0.02 cm Layer 0.06 cm Layer 0.1 cm

300 300 200 100

200

Compute d

100

0 0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Applied Voltage (kV)

ICESP X - Cairns 2006

Efficiency loss by back-corona

100%

95%

Efficiency

90%

Parker
85%

Oglesby

80%

75% 9 10 11 Log10 Resistivity (Ohm cm) 12 13

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Efficiency loss by positive particle charging

+ + +

- -- -- - - - - -

J  Jb L Ld k ! J J b

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Efficiency loss by voltage drop

Curr.Dens. Layer thicknes Resistivity Voltage drop A/m cm Ohm cm kV 0.0001 0.5 1.00E+09 0.005 0.0001 0.5 1.00E+10 0.05 0.0001 0.5 1.00E+11 0.5 0.0001 0.5 1.00E+12 5 0.0001 0.5 1.00E+13 50

ICESP X - Cairns 2006

Efficiency computation

Glow-corona current Back-corona current ESP Simulation ESP efficiency

Resistivity Layer volt.drop

Layer dynamics Layer thickness

ICESP X - Cairns 2006

Computed efficiency
100%

95%

Efficiency

90%

Parker Oglesby Le Havre

85%

80%

75% 9 10 11 Log10 Resistivity (Ohm cm) 12 13

ICESP X - Cairns 2006

Conclusions

First back-corona model reproducing electrical and efficiency effects

Model simulation is implemented in a user-friendly program (ORCHIDEE) Future applications

ICESP X - Cairns 2006

Thank you

www.irsweb.it

- bacchiega@irsweb.it

ICESP X - Cairns 2006