CRIMINALLAW

GOLDENNOTES2011
UNIVERSITYOFSANTOTOMAS
FACULTYOFCIVILLAW
MANILA

AcademicYear20112012
CIVILLAWSTUDENTCOUNCIL

LesterJohnA.Lomeda
WilfredoT.Bonilla,Jr.
RaissaS.Saipudin
BernadetteFaustineC.Balao
MarcMikhaeleJ.Santos
VictorLorenzoL.Villanuea

President
VicePresident
Secretary
Treasurer
Auditor
PublicRelationsOfficer

TEAM:BAROPS2011

DianeCamillaR.Borja
CarloArtemusV.Diaz
MaryGraceL.Javier
RonnRobbyD.Rosales
MarkArthurM.Catabona
AngeliP.Albaa
VicenteO.PlatonIII
KimverlyA.Ong

Chairperson
ViceChairperson
Secretary
LogisticsCommitteeHead
Asst.LogisticsCommitteeHead
FinanceCommitteeHead
HotelAccommodationsHead
Asst.HotelAccommodationsHead

The UST GOLDEN NOTES is a student-edited work of the University

of Santo Tomas, Faculty of Civil Law. It is updated annually.
Communications regarding the NOTES should be addressed to the
Academics Committee of the Team: Bar-Ops.
ADDRESS:

TEL. NO.:

Team Bar-Ops
Academics Committee
Faculty of Civil Law
University of Santo Tomas
Espaa, Manila 1008
(02) 731-4027
(02) 4061611 loc. 8578

2011ACADEMICSCOMMITTEE

LesterJayAlanE.FloresII
KarenJoyG.Sabugo
JohnHenryC.Mendoza
JeanelleC.Lee
TheenaC.Martinez
EarlLouieM.Masacayan

Chairperson
ViceChairforAcademics
ViceChairforAcademics
ViceChairforAdministrationandFinance
ViceChairforLayoutandDesign
ViceChairforLayoutandDesign

CRIMINALLAWCOMMITTEE

ZandyZacate
AnnaFeAbad
PaulRomeoPolloso
SharmagneJoyBinay
MariaCarmellaBustonera
MaryGraceCamayo
SpinelAlbertDeclaro
DelfinFabrigasJr.
ErikGallardo
KingJamesCarloHizon
CarminaMaeManalo
FayeAngelaPascua
AnthonyRobles
RaissaSaipudin
AdrianValbuena

CriminalLawCommitteeHead
Asst.CriminalLawCommitteeHead
Asst.CriminalLawCommitteeHead
Member

Member
Member
Member
Member
Member
Member

Member

Member
Member
Member
Member

ADVISER

JudgeRicoSebastianD.Liwanag

FACULTYOFCIVILLAW
UNIVERSITYOFSANTOTOMAS
AcademicYear20112012

ACADEMICOFFICIALS

Atty.NILOT.DIVINA
Dean

Rev.Fr.ISIDROC.ABAO,O.P.
Regent

Atty.MARIANJOANNEK.COPUA
FacultySecretary

Atty.ELGINMICHAELC.PEREZ
LegalCounsel
USTChiefJusticeRobertoConcepcionLegalAidClinic

JudgePHILIPA.AGUINALDO
SWDBCoordinator

LENYG.GADIANA,RGC
GuidanceCounselor


Ourdeepestappreciationtoour
Mentors&Inspiration
JudgePhilipA.Aguinaldo
JusticeMariaCristinaJ.Cornejo
ProsecutorVictoriaC.Garcia
JudgeRicoSebastianD.Liwanag
DeanCarlosM.Ortega
JusticeDiosdadoM.Peralta
JudgeOscarB.Pimentel
JusticeEdilbertoG.Sandoval
ASGAmparoCabotajeTang
ProsecutorEmmanuelY.Velasco

For activating our magnets of curiosity, knowledge and

wisdom and helping us understand the intricate
sphere of Criminal Law.

AcademicsCommittee2011

DISCLAIMER

Theriskofuse,nonuseandmisuseof
thismaterialshallbebornesolely
bytheuser.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
SYLLABUSFOR2011BAREXAMINATIONS
CRIMINALLAW

November20,2011
(ThirdSunday,Afternoon)

I.RevisedPenalCode/SpecialLaws,PresidentialDecrees,andExecutiveOrders

A.Book1(Articles199,RPC,excludingprovisionsoncivilliability),includingrelatedSpecialLaws..........1

1.FundamentalPrinciples.......................................................................................................................................1

a.DefinitionofCriminalLaw......................................................................................................1

DifferencebetweenMalainSeandMalaProhibita...............................................................2

b.ScopeofApplicationandCharacteristicsofthePhilippineCriminalLaw.............................................3

(1)Generality...........................................................................................................................4

(2)Territoriality........................................................................................................................4

(3)Prospectivity........................................................................................................................4

c.ConstitutionallimitationsonthepowerofCongresstoenactpenallawsintheBillofRights.............5

(1)equalprotection..................................................................................................................5

(2)dueprocess.........................................................................................................................5

(3)nonimpositionofcruelandunusualpunishmentorexcessivefinesActProhibiting

theImpositionofDeathPenaltyinthePhilippines(R.A.9346)................................................5

(4)billofattainder....................................................................................................................5

(5)expostfactolaw..................................................................................................................5

2.Felonies.................................................................................................................................................................6

a.ClassificationsofFelonies......................................................................................................................8

b.ElementsofCriminalLiability...............................................................................................................9

c.ImpossibleCrime.................................................................................................................................11

d.StagesofExecution.............................................................................................................................12

e.ConspiracyandProposal.....................................................................................................................14

f.MultipleOffenders..............................................................................................................................15

(1)Recidivism.........................................................................................................................15

(2)Habituality(Reiteracion)....................................................................................................15

(3)QuasiRecidivism...............................................................................................................15

(4)HabitualDeliquency..........................................................................................................15

g.ComplexCrimesvisSpecialComplexCrimes.....................................................................................15

3.CircumstanceswhichAffectCriminalLiability....................................................................................................18

a.AntiViolenceagainstWomenandtheirChildrenActof2004(R.A.9262)

Batteredwomansyndrome....................................................................................................................22

b.JuvenileJusticeandWelfareActof2006(R.A.9344);alsorefertoChildandYouthWelfareCode

(P.D.
603,asamended)....................................................................................................................25

(1)Definitionofchildinconflictwiththelaw.........................................................................25

(2)Minimumageofcriminalresponsibility............................................................................25

(3)Determinationofage.........................................................................................................25

(4)Exemptionfromcriminalliability.......................................................................................26

c.TheComprehensiveDangerousDrugsActof2002(R.A.9165)

(1)Immunityfromprosecutionandpunishment,coverage...................................................29

(2)Minoroffenders.................................................................................................................31

(3)Application/NonapplicationofRPCprovisions(Sec.98,R.A.9165)cf.Art.10,RPC........31

(4)Asaqualifyingaggravatingcircumstance..........................................................................52

d.DecreeCodifyingtheLawsonIllegal/UnlawfulPossession,Manufacture,Dealingin,

AcquisitionorDisposition,ofFirearms,AmmunitionorExplosives(P.D.1866,asamendedby

R.A.8294)asanaggravatingcircumstance.............................................................................................52

e.AntiTortureActof2009(RA9745).....................................................................................................53

f.AntiViolenceAgainstWomenandtheirChildrenActof2004(RA9262)intoxication

TABLE OF CONTENTS

notadefense...........................................................................................................................................53
4.PersonsCriminallyLiable....................................................................................................................................56

a.DecreePenalizingObstructionofApprehensionandProsecutionofCriminalOffenders

(P.D.1829)..............................................................................................................................................59

(1)Punishableacts..................................................................................................................61

(2)ComparewithArticle20,RPC(accessoriesexemptfromcriminalliability)....................62
5.Penalties.............................................................................................................................................................63

a.GeneralPrinciples..............................................................................................................................63

b.Purposes..............................................................................................................................................64

c.Classification.......................................................................................................................................64

d.DurationandEffect.............................................................................................................................65

e.Application..........................................................................................................................................69

(1)IndeterminateSentenceLaw(R.A.4103,asamended)....................................................72

(a)Applicationontheimposedsentence...............................................................72

(b)Coverage............................................................................................................73

(c)Conditionsofparole...........................................................................................73

f.ExecutionandService..........................................................................................................................73

(1)ProbationLaw(P.D.968,asamended)..............................................................................75

(a)Definitionofterms.............................................................................................75

(b)Purpose..............................................................................................................75

(c)Criteriaofplacinganoffenderonprobation.....................................................76

(d)Disqualifiedoffenders........................................................................................76

(e)Grantofprobation,mannerandconditions......................................................77

(f)Periodofprobation.............................................................................................77

(g)Arrestofprobationer.........................................................................................77

(h)Terminationofprobation;exceptionTheComprehensiveDangerousDrugs

Actof2002(R.A.9165)............................................................................................77

(2)JuvenileJusticeandWelfareActof2006(R.A.9344);alsorefertoChildandYouth

WelfareCode(P.D.603,asamended)....................................................................................78

(a)Definitionofchildinconflictwiththelaw.........................................................78

(b)Exemptionfromcriminalliability.......................................................................78

(c)Juvenilejusticeandwelfaresystem...................................................................78

6.ModificationandExtinctionofCriminalLiability................................................................................................81

a.Prescriptionofcrimes.........................................................................................................................81

b.Prescriptionofpenalties.....................................................................................................................82

B.BookII(Articles114365),includingrelatedSpecialLaws...........................................................................85

1.CrimesAgainstNationalSecurity(114123);inaddition:...................................................................................85

a.AntiPiracyandAntiHighwayRobbery(P.D.532)..............................................................................92

(1)Definitionofterms.............................................................................................................92

(2)Punishableacts..................................................................................................................93

b.AntiHijackingLaw(PD6235)..............................................................................................................93

(1)Punishableacts..................................................................................................................93

c.HumanSecurityActof2007(R.A.9372)..............................................................................................94

(1)Punishableactsofterrorism..............................................................................................94

(2)Whoareliable....................................................................................................................95

2.CrimesAgainsttheFundamentalLawsoftheState(124133);inaddition:......................................................96

a.HumanSecurityActof2007(R.A.9372)...........................................................................................103

(1)Periodofdetention..........................................................................................................103

b.AntiTortureAct(R.A.9745)..............................................................................................................104

(1)Punishableacts................................................................................................................104

(2)Whoareliable..................................................................................................................105

3.CrimesAgainstPublicOrder(134159);inaddition:.........................................................................................106

TABLE OF CONTENTS

a.DecreeCodifyingtheLawsonIllegal/UnlawfulPossession,Manufacture,Dealingin,Acquisitionor

Disposition,ofFirearms,AmmunitionorExplosives(P.D.1866,asamendedbyR.A.8294)asan

elementofthecrimesofrebellion,insurrection,sedition,orattemptedcoupdetat.........................123

b.HumanSecurityActof2007(R.A.9372)...........................................................................................123

(1)Punishableactsofterrorism............................................................................................123

(2)Whoareliable..................................................................................................................124

4.CrimesAgainstPublicInterest(161187);inaddition:.....................................................................................125

a.AntiAliasLaw(C.A.142)..................................................................................................................135

(1)Punishableacts................................................................................................................135

(2)Exception.........................................................................................................................135

b.TheNewPublicBiddingLaw(R.A.9184)...........................................................................................141

(1)Prohibitedacts.................................................................................................................141

5.CrimesRelativetoOpiumandotherProhibitedDrugs.....................................................................................143

a.TheComprehensiveDangerousDrugsActof2002(R.A.9165)........................................................143

(1)Punishableacts................................................................................................................143

(2)Attemptorconspiracy,effectonliability........................................................................144

6.CrimesAgainstPublicMorals(200202)...........................................................................................................145

7.CrimesCommittedbyPublicOfficers(203245);inaddition:..........................................................................148

a.AntiGraftandCorruptPracticesAct(R.A.3019,asamended).........................................................169

(1)Coverage..........................................................................................................................169

(2)Punishableacts................................................................................................................169

b.AntiPlunderAct(R.A.7080,asamended)........................................................................................172

(1)Definitionofterms...........................................................................................................172

(2)Illgottenwealth...............................................................................................................172

(3)Plunder.............................................................................................................................172

(4)Series/Combination.......................................................................................................172

c.HumanSecurityActof2007(R.A.9372)...........................................................................................173

(1)Failuretodeliversuspecttoproperjudicialauthority.....................................................173

(2)Infidelityinthecustodyofdetainedpersons..................................................................173

8.CrimesAgainstPersons(246266);inaddition:................................................................................................174

a.AntiViolenceagainstWomenandtheirChildrenActof2004(R.A.9262).......................................192

(1)Punishableacts................................................................................................................192

b.AntiChildPornographyLaw(R.A.9775)...........................................................................................193

(1)Definitionofterms...........................................................................................................193

(2)Unlawfulorpunishableacts............................................................................................195

c.AntiHazingLaw(R.A.8049)..............................................................................................................195

(1)Hazing..............................................................................................................................195

(a)Definition.........................................................................................................195

(b)Allowedinitiationrites.....................................................................................195

(2)Whoareliable..................................................................................................................195

(3)Punishableacts................................................................................................................196

d.SpecialProtectionofChildrenAgainstChildAbuse,Exploitation,andDiscriminationAct

(R.A.7610,asamended)......................................................................................................................196

(1)Coverage..........................................................................................................................196

(2)Childprostitution,punishableacts..................................................................................196

(3)Childtrafficking,punishableacts.....................................................................................197

e.JuvenileJusticeandWelfareActof2006(R.A.9344);alsorefertoChildandYouthWelfareCode

(P.D.603,asamended).........................................................................................................................197

(1)Punishableacts................................................................................................................197

f.HumanSecurityActof2007(R.A.9372)............................................................................................198

(1)Punishableactsofterrorism............................................................................................198

(2)Whoareliable..................................................................................................................198

TABLE OF CONTENTS
9.CrimesAgainstPersonalLibertyandSecurity(267292);inaddition:..............................................................199

a.AntiWireTappingAct(R.A.4200)....................................................................................................213

(1)Punishableacts................................................................................................................213

(2)Exceptions........................................................................................................................213

b.HumanSecurityActof2007(R.A.9372)...........................................................................................213

(1)Surveillanceofsuspectsandinterceptionandrecordingofcommunications................213

(2)Restrictionontravel........................................................................................................214

(3)Examinationofbankdepositsanddocuments................................................................214

(a)JudicialAuthorization.......................................................................................215

(b)Application.......................................................................................................215

(4)Unauthorizedrevelationofclassifiedmaterials..............................................................215

c.AntiTraffickinginPersonsActof2003(R.A.9208)...........................................................................215

(1)Punishableacts................................................................................................................215

10.CrimesAgainstProperty(293332);inaddition:............................................................................................217

a.AntiFencingLaw(P.D.No.1612)anditsImplementingRulesandRegulations...............................237

(1)Fencing.............................................................................................................................237

(a)Definition.........................................................................................................237

(b)Presumptionoffencing....................................................................................238

(2)Exception

(a)Withclearanceorpermittosell.......................................................................239

b.BouncingChecksLaw(B.P.Blg.22)plusAdministrativeCircularNo.122000Re:Penaltyfor

ViolationofB.P.22andAdministrativeCircularNo.132001Re:ClarificationofAdminCircular

No.12 2000......................................................................................................................................239

(1)Punishableacts................................................................................................................239

(2)Evidenceofknowledgeofinsufficientfunds...................................................................239

(3)Preferenceofimpositionoffine......................................................................................239

c.AntiCarnappingActof1972(R.A.6539)..........................................................................................240

(1)Definitionofterms...........................................................................................................240

(2)Registration......................................................................................................................241

(3)Whoareliable..................................................................................................................241

(a)Dutyofcollectorofcustoms............................................................................241

(b)Dutyofimporters,distributorsandsellers......................................................241

(c)Clearanceandpermit.......................................................................................242

(4)Punishableacts................................................................................................................242

d.HumanSecurityActof2007(R.A.9372)...........................................................................................242

(1)Punishableactsofterrorism............................................................................................242

e.AntiArsonLaw(P.D.1613)................................................................................................................242

(1)Punishableacts................................................................................................................242

11.CrimesAgainstChastity(333334,336346);inaddition:..............................................................................244

a.AntiPhotoandVideoVoyeurismActof2009(R.A.9995)................................................................250

(1)Punishableacts................................................................................................................250

b.SpecialProtectionofChildrenAgainstChildAbuse,Exploitation,andDiscriminationAct

(R.A.7610,asamended)......................................................................................................................250

(1)Childprostitutionandotheractsofabuse......................................................................250

(a)Punishableacts................................................................................................250

(b)CompareprosecutionforActsofLasciviousnessunderArt.366,RPC

andRA7610,asamended.....................................................................................251

(2)ObscenePublicationsandindecentshows......................................................................251

(a)Punishableacts................................................................................................251

c.AntiTraffickinginPersonsActof2003(R.A.9208)...........................................................................251

(1)Punishableacts................................................................................................................251

d.AntiViolenceagainstWomenandtheirChildrenActof2004(R.A.9262).......................................252

(1)Punishableacts................................................................................................................252

e.AntiSexualHarassmentActof1995(R.A.7877)..............................................................................253

(1)Punishableacts................................................................................................................253

TABLE OF CONTENTS
12.CrimesAgainstCivilStatus(347352).............................................................................................................254

13.CrimesAgainstHonor(353364);inaddition:................................................................................................256

a.AdministrativeCircular082008Re:GuidelinesintheObservanceofaRuleofPreferenceinthe
ImpositionofPenaltiesinLibelCases...................................................................................................................261

(1)Preferenceofimpositionoffine......................................................................................261

14.CriminalNegligence(365)...............................................................................................................................262

II.INDEX....263

III.BIBLIOGRAPHY.....267

IV.JurisprudencepertinentSupremeCourtdecisionspromulgateduptoJune30,2010

V.ExcludedTopics

1. AllSpecialPenalLawsandSupremeCourtDecisionsnotpertinenttotheaboveoutlinedtopicsare
excluded.

2. PenaltiesofSpecificCrimes.