PRECAST SEGMENTAL BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION Pare)TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT. . 5 a08en FOREWORD.............. See ee eee eee Ee eee eee CHAPTER 1. DEVELOPMENT OF PRECAST SEGMENTAL BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION 1.1 INTRODUCTION See ee eee ere 1.2 TYPES OF PRECAST SEGMENTAL CONSTRUCTION fe 1.3 ADVANTAGES OF PRECAST SEGMENTAL BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION, . 1.4 ALTERNATE DESIGN PROPOSALS, ‘i cee 1.5 APPLICABILITY OF PRECAST SEGMENTAL CONSTRUCTION 1.6 APPLICATIONS OF PRECAST SEGMENTAL CONSTRUCTION IN NORTH AME CHAPTER 2. CONSIDERATIONS FOR SEGMENT DESIGN... 24 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 1.6.1 Lieve River Bridge, Quebec i 1.6.2 Bear River Bridge, Digby, Nova Scotia cee 1.6.3 JFK Memorial Causeway, Corpus Christi, Texas. . 1.6.4 Muscatatuck River Bridge, North Vernon, Indiana . 1.6.5 Vail Pass Bridges, Colorado.............. pi 1.6.6 Kishwaukee River Bridge, Winnebago County, Illinois 1.6.7 Sugar Creek Bridge, Parke County, Indiana. . 1.6.8 Turkey Run Bridge, Parke County, Indiana, . 1.6.9 Pennsylvania State University Test Track Bridge een 1.6.10 Other Precast Segmental Bridges in Planning, Design and Construction GENERAL een PRINCIPAL DIMENSIONS OF SEGMENTS DETAIL DIMENSIONS OF SEGMENTS PIER AND ABUTMENT SEGMENTS, POST-TENSIONING TENDONS 2.5.1 General aoe 2.5.2 Permanent Post-Tensioning 25.3 Temporary Post-Tensioning...... 2.5.4 Layout of Post-Tensioning Tendons MILD STEEL REINFORCEMENT CAGE ... SHEAR KEYS, EPOXY JOINTS... CHAPTER 3. ANALYSIS OF PRECAST SEGMENTAL BOX GIRDER BRIDGES 34 3.2 33 GENERAL... Bee eee ere rere eet DEVELOPMENT OF PRELIMINARY BRIDGE DETAILS . 3.2.1 Selection of Span Arrangement. 3.2.2 Abutment Details 3.2.3 Pier Details een 3.24 Horizontal and Vertical Curvature. 3.2.5 Bearing Details LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS . 3.3.1 Erection Moments. 3.3.2 Creep Analysis. coves a . aooo08on 3.3.2.1 Creep Effects Resulting from Change of Statical System 33.2.2 The Effect of Creep on Moments due to Support Settlements RICA 27 27 27 27 28 29 29 29 29 29 30 31 333.4 35 36 37 33.2.3 The Effect of Creep in Reducing Restraint Forces due to Shrinkage 3.3.2.4 Determination of the Creep Factor 3.3.2.5 Example Creep Factor Calculations. 3.3.2.6 __ Influence of Creep on Super structure Moments 3.3.3 Analysis for Superimposed Dead Load and Live Load 334 Analysis for the Effects of Temperature 3.3.5 Shear Lag eer : weveee 3.3.5.1. Computer Analysis of Shear Lag in Single-Cell Box Girder Bridges 33.52 Consideration of Shear Lag in Bridge Designs : 3.3.6 Ultimate Strength Analysis eee TRANSVERSE ANALYSIS 3.4.1 General 3.4.2 Principles : 343 Symmetrical Box Girder Loading « 3.4.4 Antisymmetrical Loading . 3p608 5000 3.45 Evaluation of the Contributions of Transverse Bending, Longitudinal Bending and Torsion to Resistance of Antisymmetrical Loading . ANALYSIS AND TRANSVERSE POST-TENSIONING OF DECK SLABS . 3.5.1 Live Load Plus Impact Analysis, . = 35.2 Transverse Post-Tensioning of Deck Slabs. . « ANALYSIS AND CORRECTION OF DEFORMATIONS 3.6.1 General . 3.6.2 Analysis. : fees 3.6.2.1 Phase A — Free Cantilever: 3.6.2.2 _ Intermediate Phases B, B’ 7 3.6.23 Phase C ~ Final Continuous System 36.3 Alignment......- 3.6.3.1 Correction of Deformations 3.6.3.2 Correction of Rotation 3633 Correction of Superimposed Curvature. 3.6.3.4 Example Alignment Calculations. . 3.6.3.5 Notes on Alignment Calculations COMPUTER PROGRAMS . 3.7.1 General 3.7.2 Sources of Computer Programs... CHAPTER 4. FABRICATION, TRANSPORTATION AND ERECTION OF PRECAST SEGMENTS 44 42 43 FABRICATIONOF PRECAST SEGMENTS. - 4.1.1 General Considerations - 4.1.2 Methods of Casting... 121. The Long-Line Method - 4.1.2.2. The Short-Line Method 4.1.3. Formwork. 4.1.4 Concrete. . 4.1.5 Joint Surfaces 4.1.6 Bearing Areas : HANOLING AND TRANSPORTATION NOF PRECAST + SEGMENTS. METHODS OF ERECTION 43.1 Cranes. 43.2 Winch and Beam 43.3 Launching Gantry. 43.4 Progressive Placing 43.5 Erection Tolerances. ..... : 436 Design of Piers and Stability During Construction. 34 35 37 37 4 a 44 44 4g 49 52 52 52 52 63 54 59 59 59 62 62 63 64 65 66 66 67 67 67 67 68 68 68 69 n n n "1 n n 74 78 78 76 76 76 76 76 76 78 80 81