Examen Tema 2: Potncies i radicals

15/11/2011

1 Calcula les potncies segents i deixa-les en forma de fracci irreductible:

2
a)
3

-3

33 27
3
= = 3 =
2
2
8

-1

c)

10
b)
-6

6
-1
6
= -6
= =
6
-1
-1
1

-2

(-6)2 36
9
-6
= =
=
=
2
10
10
100 25
2

d)

13
1
1
5-3 = = 3 =
5
5 125

2 Expressa amb una sola potncia i calcula'n el valor:

a)

23 2 -1 2 2
=
= 23 = 8
2 -3 2 2 2 -1

32 3-3 3 30
= -2 = 33 = 9
3-1 3-1
3

b)

1
1 2 -6
1 1
c) -5 2 -7 2 2 = -3 = 2 -3 = =
2 8
2
2
2
3

( 7 ) 3
d)
(3 ) ( 7 )
2 3

-2 -1

-2 -4

76 35 33 27
= 2 8= 2=
3 7
7
49

3 Utilitza les propietats de les potncies, redueix a una sola potncia i simplifica si s possible:

9
a)
16
b)

8

27

2
3
1
1
3 3 2 3 1
= 4 3 = 2 = 4 =
2 2 3 2 2
2 16
2

((-5) ) : (( -5) ) (-5)

-3 5

-2 5

= ( -5)

-15

: ( -5)

-10

( -5) = ( -5) =
4

-1

1
-5

c) -34 = -81
d) -6 6 : 6 4 = -6 2 = -36
4 Utilitza la notaci cientfica i calcula indicant els passos:

)(

a) 0, 00000056 0, 000000027 = 5, 6 10 -7 2, 710 -8 = 15,12 10 -15 = 1, 512 10 -14

b)

)(

13000000 : 0, 0000160 = 1,310 7 : 1, 6 10 -5 = 0,81251012 = 8,1251011

5 Utilitza la notaci cientfica i calcula indicant els passos:

a) 2, 510-7 +1, 9010-5 = 2, 510-7 +19010-7 = 192, 510-7 =1, 92510-5

b)

4, 6103 - 3, 910-2 = 4, 6103 - 0, 000039103 = 4, 599961103

6 Expressa en forma de potncia:

a)

53 = 5

c)

a =a

-7

3-7 = 3

b)

d)

x -5 = x

-5

7 Simplifica:
5

a)

b)

x 4 y2

x -1 y 2

a 4 b 5 c
a b3 c3

15
15

x12 y 6
x -5 y10
6
6

15

a 4 b5 c
a3 b9 c 9

x12 y 6
x17
x2
15
15
=
= x 4
x -5 y10
y4
y

=6

a 4 b5 c 6 a
1
a
= 4 8 = 6 4 2
3
9
9
a b c
b c
c b c

8 Suma i simplifica:

a)

(2 Punts)

2 500 - 180 2 2 2 53 - 2 2 32 5 20 5 - 6 5 14 5
=
=
=
=2
2 125 - 45
10 5 - 3 5 7 5
2 53 - 32 5

12 3 56 - 3 448
12 3 23 7 - 3 2 6 7
24 3 7 - 4 3 7 20 3 7
b)
=
=
=
=4
3 3 875 - 3 7000 3 3 53 7 - 3 23 53 7 15 3 7 -10 3 7 5 3 7
9 Calcula i simplifica:

5
5 4
48 = 4 33 + 6 3 52 - 7 3 2 2 +
2 3 =
2
2
a)
5 4
= 12 3 + 30 3 -14 3 +
3 = 12 3 + 30 3 -14 3 +10 3 = 38 3
2
4 27 + 6 75 - 7 12 +

18 3
18
875 = 10 3 23 7 + 4 3 2 - 3 2 33 - 3 53 7 =
5
5
b)
18
5
3
= 20 3 7 + 4 3 2 - 3 3 2 7 = 20 3 7 + 4 3 2 - 3 3 2 -18 3 7 = 3 2 + 2 3 7
5
10 3 56 + 4 3 2 - 3 54 -