C o n t r o l 3 - Calculo II

1-
Demuestre que si f es continua entonces
_
0
x
f (u) (x u) du =
_
0
x
_
0
u
f (t) dt du
Como es f es continua es integrable en [0, x]
Sea F' (x) = f (x)
_
0
x
f (u) (x u) du =
_
0
x
f (u) x f (u) u du = x
_
0
x
f (u)
_
0
x
f (u) u du
x
_
0
x
f (u)
_
0
x
f (u) u du = x
_
0
x
f (u) u F(u) +
_
0
x
F(u) du
y = u ; dz = f (u) du
dy = du ; z = F(u)
= x F(u) u F(u) f 0 x +
_
0
x
F(u) du
= x F(x) x F(x) x F(0) +
_
0
x
F(u) du =
_
0
x
F(u) du x F(0)
_
0
x
_
0
u
f (t) dt du =
_
0
x
F(t) f 0 u du =
_
0
x
F(u) F(0) du =
_
0
x
F(u) du F(0)
_
0
x
du =
_
0
x
F(u) du x F(0)
.
_
0
x
f (u) (x u) du =
_
0
x
_
0
u
f (t) dt du
2-
Demuestre que :
a)
lim
x a
x
x a
_
a
x
f (t) dt = a f (a)
lim
x a
x
x a
_
a
x
f (t) dt = lim
x a
x
]
a
x
f (t) dt
x a
=
0
0
= lim
x a
d|x
]
a
x
f (t) dt]
dx
d(xa)
dx
= lim
x a
_
a
x
f (t) dt + x f (x)
= 0 + a f (a) = a f (a)
b)
_
0

x f (sen x) dx =

2
_
0

f (sen x) dx
I
1
=

2
_
0

f (sen x) dx =

2
_
0
f2
f (sen x) dx +

2
_
f2

f (sen x) dx =

2
_
0
f2
f (sen x) dx

2

2
0
f sen t x
x t
=

2
_
0
f2
f (sen x) dx +

2
_
0
f2
f (sen (t)) dx =

2
_
0
f2
f (sen x) dx +

2
_
0
f2
f (sen x) dx =
_
0
f2
f (sen x) dx
I
2
=
_
0

x f (sen x) dx =
_
0
f2
x f (sen x) dx +
_
f2

x f (sen x) dx =
_
0
f2
x f (sen x) dx

2
0
t f sen t x
x t
=
_
0
f2
x f (sen x) dx +
_
0
f2
( t) f (sen (t)) dx =
_
0
f2
x f (sen x) dx +
_
0
f2
f (sen (t)) dx
_
0
f2
t f (sen t) dx
=
_
0
f2
x f (sen x) dx +
_
0
f2
f (sen (x)) dx
_
0
f2
x f (sen x) dx =
_
0
f2
f (sen x) dx
3-
Pruebe que la funcion f (x) =
_
0
1fx
1
t
2
+ 1
dt +
_
0
x
1
t
2
+ 1
dt , es constante para x > 0
f (x) =
_
0
1fx
1
t
2
+ 1
dt +
_
0
x
1
t
2
+ 1
dt
I
1
=
_
0
1fx
1
t
2
+ 1
dt , I
2
=
_
0
x
1
t
2
+ 1
dt
f (x) = I
1
+ I
2
I
1
=
_
0
1fx
1
t
2
+ 1
d = arcotan(t) f 0 1f x = arcotan
1
x
arcotan (0) = arcotan
1
x
= arcocotan(x)
2 Control 3 - Calculo II.nb
I
2
=
_
0
x
1
t
2
+ 1
dt = arcotan(t) f 0 x = arcotan (x) arcotan (0) = arcotan (x)
f (x) = arcocotan(x) + arcotan (x) =
cos
1
(x)
sen
1
(x)
+
sen
1
(x)
cos
1
(x)
f ' (x) =
d(arcocotan (x) + arcotan (x))
dx
=
1
x
2
+ 1
+
1
x
2
+ 1
= 0,
como la pendiente es 0 la funcion es constante
f (1) = arcocotan(1) + arcotan(1 ) =

4
+

4
=

2
. f (x) =

2
, ! x > 0
4-
A =
2
3
b h ,
verificar esta frmula usando integrales definidas para el arco limitado por y = u x v x
2
y el eje X ,
donde u, v > 0
la funcion y = u x v x
2
, corta al eje X en
u x v x
2
= 0
x(u v x ) = 0
x = 0 x =
u
v
punto maximos de la funcion en f ' (x) = 0
f ' (x) = u 2 v x
u 2 v x = 0
2 v x = u
x =
u
2 v
f
u
2 v
= u
u
2 v
v
u
2 v
2
=
u
2
2 v
v
u
2
4 v
2
=
u
2
2 v

u
2
4 v
=
2 u
2
u
2
4 v
=
u
2
4 v
entonces A de y = u x v x
2
y el eje X es igual a
A =
_
0
ufv
u x v x
2
dx = u
_
0
ufv
x dx v
_
0
ufv
x
2
dx = u
x
2
2
v
x
3
3
0
u
v
= u
u
2
2 v
2
v
u
3
3 v
3
=
u
3
2 v
2

u
3
3 v
2
=
3 u
3
2 u
3
6 v
2
=
u
3
6 v
2
Control 3 - Calculo II.nb 3
donde
u
v
= base (b) y
u
2
4 v
altura(h)
u
3
6 v
2
= b
u
2
6 v
=
2
3
b
u
2
4 v
=
2
3
b h
5-
Sea f funcion continua [ 0 , b ] . Demuestre que
_
0
b
f (x)
f (x) + f (b x)
dx =
b
2
y use este resultado para calcular
_
0
1
sen x
sen (1 x) + sen x
dx
como
_
0
b
f (b x) dx =
_
b
0
f (b x) dx = F(b x) f 0 b = (F(0) F(b))
= F(b) F(0) = F(b) f 0 b =
_
0
b
f (x) dx
_
0
b
f (x)
f (x) + f (b x)
dx =
_
0
b
f (x)
f (x) + f (x)
dx =
_
0
b
f (x)
2 f (x)
dx =
1
2
_
0
b
f (x)
f (x)
dx =
1
2
_
0
b
dx =
1
2
(b 0) =
b
2
utilizando el resultado anterior
_
0
1
sen x
sen (1 x) + sen x
dx =
1
2
6-
Aplicando el Teorema del Valor Medio para derivadas a la funcion definida por F(x) =
_
a
x
f (t) dt,
demuestre el teorema
del Valor Medio para Integrales
Sea F(x) continua entre [a
1
, b
1
] , existe algun punto c e [a
1
, b
1
]
tal que F' (c) =
F(b
1
) F(a
1
)
b
1
a
1
4 Control 3 - Calculo II.nb
F' (x) = f (x)
f
med
(c) =
]
a
b
1
f (t) dt
]
a
a
1
f (t) dt
b
1
a
1
=
1
b
1
a
1
_
a
b
1
f (t) dt
_
a
a
1
f (t) dt
=
1
b
1
a
1
_
a
b
1
f (t) dx
_
a
a
1
f (t) dx =
1
b
1
a
1
(F(b
1
) F(a) F(a
1
) + F(a))
=
1
b
1
a
1
(F(b
1
) F(a
1
)) =
1
b
1
a
1
_
a
1
b
1
f (t) dt
.
_
a
1
b
1
f (x) dx = (b
1
a
1
) f
med
(c)
7-
P = 5 | t + 30]
a)
P = 5 | t + 30] = 5 t + 150
t = 1
P = 150
t = 2
P = 5 2 + 150
t = 3
P = 5 3 + 150
t = 4
P = 160
t = 5
P = 5 5 + 150
t = 6
P = 5 6 + 150
t 1 2 3 4 5 6
P 155 150 + 5 2 150 + 5 3 160 150 + 5 5 150 + 5 6
b)
f
med
=
1
13f 20 10f 20
_
0.5
0.65
5 | t + 30] dt =
20
3
5
_
1f2
13f20
t dt + 150
_
1f2
13f20
dt
=
20
3
10
t
3f2
3

1
2

13
20
+ 150
13
20

1
2
Control 3 - Calculo II.nb 5
=
20
3
10
3
t
3f2

1
2

13
20
+ 150
13
20

10
20
=
20
3
10
3
t t
1
2

13
20
+
45
2
=
20
3
10
3
13 13
20 20

1
2 2
+
45
2
=
20
3
10
3
13 13
20 20

1
2 2
10 10
10 10
+
45
2
=
20
3
10
3
13 13 10 10
20 20
+
45
2
=
20
3
10
3
13 13 10 10
20 20
+
45
2
=
20
3
130 13 100 10
60 20
+
45
2
=
20
3
13 13 10 10
6 20
+
45
2
3 20
3 20
=
20
3
13 13 10 10
6 20
+
45
2
=
260 13 200 10
18 20
+
900
6
= 150 +
260 13 200 10
18 20
= 150
200
18 2
+
260
18
13
20
= 150
50 2
9
+
130
9
13
20
= 150
50 2
9
+
65
9
13
5
= 150
50 2
9
+
13 65
9
c)
8-
Determine el area acotada por y
1
= x
2
, y
2
=
x
2
2
, (x 1)
2
= 1 y
3
(x 1)
2
= 1 y
3
y
3
= x
2
2 x + 1 1 = x
2
2 x
y
3
= 2 x x
2
y
1
= y
2
x
2
=
x
2
2
x
2
= 0
y
1
, y
2
se intersectan solamente en x = 0
6 Control 3 - Calculo II.nb
y
1
= y
3
x
2
= 2 x x
2
2 x
2
2 x = 0
x(2 x 2) = 0
y
1
, y
3
se intersectan en x = 0 x = 1
y
2
= y
3
x
2
2
= 2 x x
2
x
2
= 4 x 2 x
2
3 x
2
4 x = 0
x(3 x 4) = 0
y
2
, y
3
se intersectan en x = 0 x =
4
3
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
A = I
1
+ I
2
, donde I
1
=
_
0
1
x
2

x
2
2
dx , I
2
=
_
1
4f3
2 x x
3

x
2
2
dx
I
1
=
_
0
1
x
2

x
2
2
dx =
_
0
1
x
2
dx
1
2
_
0
1
x
2
dx =
1
3
x
3

1
6
x
3
0 1 =
1
3

1
6
=
1
6
I
2
=
_
1
4f3
2 x x
2

x
2
2
dx =
1
2
_
1
4f3
4 x 3
2
dx =
1
2
|2 x
2
x
3
] 1
4
3
=
1
2
32
9

64
27
1 =
1
2
96 64
27
1 =
1
2
32 27
27
=
5
54
A =
1
6
+
5
54
=
14
54
=
7
27
9-
Control 3 - Calculo II.nb 7
10-
a)
Considere la funcion derivable r = f () , x = f () cos e y = f () sen
Demuestre que
d y
dx
=
f () cos + f ' () sen
f () sen + f ' () cos
como x = r cos r =
x
cos
d y
dx
=
dy
d
dy
d
=
d(r sen )
d
d(r cos )
d
=
r ' sen + r cos
r ' cos r sen
=
f () cos + f ' () sen
f () sen + f ' () cos
b)
Halle lo puntos de tangencia horinzontal y vertical de R = 1 sen
1.0 0.5 0.5 1.0
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
r () = 1 sen
r(0) = 1 ; r _

2
= 0 ; r () = 1 ; r
3
2
= 2
x = (1 sen ) cos ; y = (1 sen ) sen
x = cos sen cos ; y = sen sen
2

d y
dx
=
(1 sen ) cos + (1 sen ) ' sen
(1 sen ) sen + (1 sen ) ' cos
=
cos sen cos cos sen
|sen sen
2
] cos
2

=
cos 2 sen cos
sen + sen
2
cos
2

8 Control 3 - Calculo II.nb

utilizando la formula anteior nos queda
puntos con tangencia hoizontal cuando : f () cos + f ' () sen = 0 ;
cos 2 sen cos = 0
cos (1 2 sen ) = 0
cos = 0 (1 2 sen ) = 0
= 3

2
, =

2
1
2
= sen
=

6
= 5

6
. los puntos de tangencia hotizontal son = 3

2
, =

6
, = 5

6
puntos con tangencia verctical : f () sen + f () cos = 0;
sen + sen
2
|1 sen
2
] = 0
sen + sen
2
1 + sen
2
= 0
2 sen
2
sen 1 = 0
u = sen
2 u
2
u 1 = 0
(u 1) (2 u + 1) = 0
u = 1 u =
1
2
sen = 1 sen =
1
2
esto ocurre en = 7

6
, = 11

6
, =

2
,
. los puntos de tangencia hotizontal son = 7

6
, = 11

6
Control 3 - Calculo II.nb 9