Conversions Between S, Z, Y, h, ABCD, and T Parameters which are Valid for Complex Source and Load Impedances Dean A. Frickey, Member, IEEE Abanect—Tis paper provides ables which contain the com sesom between the varou commen twesport parameters 2 Yeh, ABCD, 5, and The conversion are valid for complet ‘ormalsing Inpedanes. An example & proved which verte {he convertion: to and from S parameters 1. pyrmoouerion ‘OST microwave textbooks these days seem to provide {table ofthe coaverson.etween the various 2-por parameter, These pon parameters often include. Z (mpedance), Y (admitance), b Ghybrid, ABCD ‘hain, ‘5 (eatering), and T (ein scatering or chain taste, ‘While he scunering parameters have been shown (J) 10 be valid for complex normalizing impedances (with positive ‘eal pas, the ables in [2}-(15] ate ot vali for complex source and load impedances. Often, the tables only provide Conversions forthe eases whee portland pot 2 noetaliing impedances are equl. ic, Zn. = Zea = Zo. Some hive results in which Zo, and Zor are aormalized o 1. Others provide equations for port 1 and port 2 impedanoss. Zp. fd Zor to be migae. However, im all of these eases the ‘esis are wot valid when the impedances, Zp, and {ast Zo, are complex ‘Of the two port parameters mentioned, ony the S and poe ‘ametes are dependent upon the source and oa impedances Tn tis paper, the derivations ofthe conversions from the Sn 1 parameters othe other 2-port paramcers incldes complen Source and load impedances. The eqution developed inthis ‘work are valid with prt 1 and prt 2 normalizing impedances complex and unique. When the normalizing impedances are real, the resus simplify 0 dose showa in other references. ‘To make the list complete, the conversions between the Z, Yh and ABCD parameters a5 well i between 5 and 7 Parameters are included 1. Dexwaniow ‘Tworport parameters are defined fr 4 general 2pot net work a5 shown in Fig. 1. Using de voluges and cutents dined inthis igure, the various 2porparaeters are writen IEEE Log Number 910805, zee Bet 2 parameters Viz Zach 2u-h Ves Zarit Zante, Y parameters h=YaVit Ye Vs B= Yan Vit Yor M parameters Viet hth I= hay tht hea Vs ABCD parameters Waa WB OV Doty 5 parameters bh =Sn at Sioa Sua + San aa) ay) en 2 ca () a) (@) (so ©)sae "Byers ron Cones Beran $ Passa 9 Z, YA ABCD Paver MTA SLA Io 2 LOA eA Ze where * indicates complex conjugate and Zo, i6the nom rs =a iting impedance for he jh por. Por twp eters, Zoy 3 7 “on and Zp, te source and toad impedances of he seh ; mor jn which he $ parameter of the twp te measured oF = Cael yan ye he ince! td eee cures forte jh por Krcoig at Fe 2A pn te pre i ea Pep » : ‘ we ca sve 1) (fr J nd jr md bitte a into (8) to get, Tabet Tap @ [ a |" 4-|ze| -@-». o by = Tn bo + Tra ap (6) ie rowing also ‘where the a’s and 0's are shown in Fig. 2 and defined below. a 2 Va Vut Ue oo a= [Sey (70) where Vy ad Vg ar he incident un eed vole at the ta port we can abt te exresson fo os + 5)" aloog wih 4 -) Iie 0) vy Bay Vin = Hie Bay imo (0) w at, "soem. i) fe de Tp by = a mth aac Tie eo 2 . a eeu eT poumise tS ¥ lesz] (05:25, +6)-Zoy aDEvers i Cowie Brain T Pasar 2,8 0 ABCD PAANET ASAE MIDAS Zy 80 LOD EDN Zo hee oa edit a= Ez Sate tpctapctad Tham Uenacan gpa Fe tla th a cain = tette on Sigh P= eae aw tyrant pe Sa ‘Solving (9) and (11) foray and gives Vy + Za, Beas + a5 i Y= Bish a = Baa Be, + 250 auations (12) and (13) ae (3) and (4 n [1] and served as the starting pint “The notion, $< Z, indicates the conversion from $ parameters to 2 purancters and Z parameters o 5 parameters. Since $ ad 7 parameters are defied in temns of a's and 1s. they wll contain the sours and lod normalizing imped ances Zo, and Zon. The ole 2-port parameters art dened Independent of te source and load impedances. "To deve the conversions, $+ Z, Ss» YS = hy Ses ABCD,T 2,1 = ¥,T oh, and T o ABCD. & is necessary to use (9), (11)-(13). For example, to derive the expressions for $ parameters ip tems of the Z parumetes, ‘is subst (and 11) im (a) and (1) and sole for by and b get inthe for of (Se) and (Sb. Likewise, o got he expressions forthe Z parameters in tens of the S parameters, substitute (12) and (13) into (5) and (58) and save for V5 and Vt ge in the form of (1a) and (1b) Since Z, ¥, h. and ABCD parameters do wot require ‘normalizing impedances, the conversions, Z o> V, Zs Zivs ABCD,Y oh, ¥ © ABCD, and h «2 ABCD, 45 well as § <> 7, ac stright forvar. These conversions ‘are accomplished by rearranging oe st of equations ino the Toon af the eter. These conversions appear in many of the ‘references cited and are include here for completeness. Mm, Resuixs "The rests re given in he following ables In these tables, 2, ané Zo ate he source and oad impedances ofthe system to which the S and parameters pertain. Complex conjogate is indicated by *, and Ro and fgg ar the rea parts of Zen and Zou “Table gives the conversions between 5 perameter and Z, Y, hy and ABCD parameters, Table Tl gives the conversions