Getting Started with SPECTRUM for Administrators

Titlepae

Document 0985 SPECTRUM Management

Contents
Welcome to SPECTRUM! ...............................................3 How SPECTRUM Works.................................................4 The SpectroSERVER Database..................................6 Database Maintenance ............................................7 Model Types, Models and Relations ...........................8 SPECTRUM Icons.......................................................9 Icon Double-Click Zones........................................10 Landscapes ...............................................................10 SPECTRUM Views....................................................11 SPECTRUM Directories and Files ................................12 Resource Files...........................................................12 Help Resource .......................................................12 The SPECTRUM Control Panel ....................................13 To start the Control Panel:.........................................13 Starting SPECTRUM ....................................................16 Starting SpectroSERVER: .........................................16 Starting SpectroGRAPH: ...........................................17 Modeling Your Network.................................................18 Manually Creating a Device Model ...............................19 To create a model manually: .....................................19 Reading the Information in SPECTRUM Views ............22 Pipes - Logical Links Between Icons ............................23 Standard Pipes ..........................................................23 Live Pipes ..................................................................24 Link Information .........................................................27 Creating User Models ...................................................28 To create a User model: ............................................29
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Exiting SPECTRUM ...................................................... 32 To Stop SpectroGRAPH:........................................... 32 To Stop SpectroSERVER:......................................... 32 To Exit from the Control Panel: ................................. 33 What Next? ................................................................... 33 Learning More About SPECTRUM ........................... 34

Getting Started with SPECTRUM

Copyright Notice Document 0985. Copyright 2001-present, Aprisma Management Technologies, Inc., 273 Corporate Drive, Portsmouth, NH 03801 USA. All rights reserved worldwide. Use, duplication, or disclosure by the United States government is subject to the restrictions set forth in DFARS 252.227-7013(c)(1)(ii) and FAR 52.227-19. Liability Disclaimer Aprisma Management Technologies, Inc. (Aprisma) reserves the right to make changes in specifications and other information contained in this document without prior notice. In all cases, the reader should contact Aprisma to inquire if any changes have been made. The hardware, firmware, or software described in this manual is subject to change without notice. IN NO EVENT SHALL APRISMA, ITS EMPLOYEES, OFFICERS, DIRECTORS, AGENTS, OR AFFILIATES BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES WHATSOEVER (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOST PROFITS) ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS MANUAL OR THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN IT, EVEN IF APRISMA HAS BEEN ADVISED OF, HAS KNOWN, OR SHOULD HAVE KNOWN, THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. Trademark, Service Mark, and Logo Information SPECTRUM, IMT, and the SPECTRUM IMT/VNM logo are registered trademarks of Aprisma Management Technologies, Inc., or its affiliates. APRISMA, APRISMA MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES, the APRISMA MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES logo, MANAGE WHAT MATTERS, DCM, VNM, SpectroGRAPH, SpectroSERVER, Inductive Modeling Technology, Device Communications Manager, SPECTRUM Security Manager, and Virtual Network Machine are unregistered trademarks of Aprisma Management Technologies, Inc., or its affiliates. For a complete list of Aprisma trademarks, service marks, and trade names, go to http://www.aprisma.com/manuals/trademark-list.htm. All referenced trademarks, service marks, and trade names identified in this document, whether registered or unregistered, are the intellectual property of their respective owners. No rights are granted by Aprisma Management Technologies, Inc., to use such marks, whether by implication, estoppel, or otherwise. If you have comments or concerns

about trademark or copyright references, please send an e-mail to spectrum-docs@aprisma.com; we will do our best to help. Restricted Rights Notice (Applicable to licenses to the United States government only.) This software and/or user documentation is/are provided with RESTRICTED AND LIMITED RIGHTS. Use, duplication, or disclosure by the government is subject to restrictions as set forth in FAR 52.227-14 (June 1987) Alternate III (g)(3) (June 1987), FAR 52.227-19 (June 1987), or DFARS 52.227-7013 (c)(1)(ii) (June 1988), and/or in similar or successor clauses in the FAR or DFARS, or in the DOD or NASA FAR Supplement, as applicable. Contractor/manufacturer is Aprisma Management Technologies, Inc., 273 Corporate Drive, Portsmouth, NH 03801. In the event the government seeks to obtain the software pursuant to standard commercial practice, this software agreement, instead of the noted regulatory clauses, shall control the terms of the government's license. Virus Disclaimer Aprisma makes no representations or warranties to the effect that the licensed software is virus-free. Aprisma has tested its software with current virus-checking technologies. However, because no anti-virus system is 100 percent effective, we strongly recommend that you write-protect the licensed software and verify (with an anti-virus system in which you have confidence) that the licensed software, prior to installation, is virus-free. Contact Information Aprisma Management Technologies, Inc. 273 Corporate Drive Portsmouth, NH 03801 Phone: 603.334.2100 U.S. toll-free: 877.468.1448 Web site: http://www.aprisma.com

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Welcome to SPECTRUM!
Aprismas SPECTRUM is an enterprise-wide network management solution providing multi-vendor device management. This book is a starting point for network administrators who are first-time SPECTRUM users. First, well look at SPECTRUMs file structure then, after a brief look at how SPECTRUM works, this book takes you through several task-oriented modules designed to acquaint you with SPECTRUMs network management features. After completing all the modules, you will be able to: Start and stop SpectroSERVER and SpectroGRAPH Manually create a device (router) model Use AutoDiscovery to automatically model your network Create a user model The following books will help you continue developing skills for using SPECTRUM to manage your network: How to Manage Your Network with SPECTRUM covers everyday tasks involved in managing your network with SPECTRUM. Distributed SpectroSERVER and Database Management cover specific SPECTRUM features in greater depth.

Caution:

Do Not use this book if you are modeling your network using SPECTRUMs Distributed SpectroSERVER (DSS) feature and have not yet partitioned your network into uniquely identified landscapes. Refer to Distributed SpectroSERVER to learn more about modeling using DSS.

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Perform the modules in the sequence presented. You may stop at the end of any module. Simply exit from SpectroGRAPH using the Exit option from the File menu at the top left corner of the screen. The Help menu in the upper right corner provides access to documents with more detailed information.

How SPECTRUM Works

SPECTRUMs design is based on a client/server Other Applications model. The server, SpectroSERVER (or VNM Distributed Data Virtual Network Machine), includes the Manager SPECTRUM database and provides security, Alarm Manager modeling capabilities, and device management Alarm View facilities. SpectroSERVER supports a suite of SpectroGRAPH client applications through its Application P Views Your Network r o gram Interface (SSAPI). The first client application you will see when you start SPECTRUM is SpectroGRAPH.
SpectroSERVER
Archive Manager S S A P I

Database
Statistics/ Events DB Modeling Catalog

Event/Stat Cache Network Model

DCM Protocol Interfaces SNMP ICMP EPI Other

SPECTRUM Intelligence Inference Handlers

Network Devices SpectroGRAPH provides the graphical user interface that you will use to monitor your network and launch other client applications. SpectroGRAPHs views contain a variety of icons that represent the different elements of your network, including devices, users, and conceptual elements such as LAN segments. Each icon presents status information and provides access to management facilities specific to the network element it represents. The information presented by an icon is retrieved from a corresponding model that is maintained in the SpectroSERVER database.
1 0 B T I R M 3

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SPECTRUMs Device Communications Manager (DCM) provides the mechanism for retrieving device information and managing devices on your network. The DCM periodically polls each device to retrieve up-to-date device status that is saved in the database. The DCM is also the mechanism for network element management. For example, administrative changes that you make to a device model shown in a SpectroGRAPH view, such as enabling or disabling a port, are interpreted by SPECTRUM and sent to the device via the DCM where the administrative action is executed. The device status is updated in the database and the new administrative status is presented in the view. SPECTRUM Intelligence is implemented as Inference Handlers that add value to the data collected. Inference Handlers are capable of computing useful statistics, such as packets per second. They are also capable of interpreting the information collected from individual devices and presenting diagnostic information that can help you isolate and respond to network problems. Inference Handlers depend on an accurate network model in the SpectroSERVER database to effectively analyze the data collected. This book will help you create an accurate model of your network. The basic network model that well create will consist of models for each of your networks devices and User models for your administrative and operational users. Later, you can expand your network model by creating additional device models, models for campus facilities, such as buildings and wiring closets, and models for users and organizational groups.

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The SpectroSERVER Database

SPECTRUM collects a significant amount of information. Some information is collected as SPECTRUM polls network devices; some is collected from other SpectroSERVER management domains, called landscapes. This data is stored in the SpectroSERVERs Events/Statistics database as events and statistics. Events record information such as changes to a devices operational state, while statistics record data, such as total packets and total collisions. The Distributed Data Manager (DDM) provides facilities for reducing and saving the information gathered and distributing information in a variety of formats across multiple landscapes and to external applications. DDMs Archive Manager retrieves event and statistical data from the SpectroSERVER, reduces it, and stores it in the Events/Statistics database. Some overlap is maintained between the two databases to assure an accurate record of events and statistics in case of a system failure.

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Database
DDM

Modeling Catalog

Statistics/ Events DB

Archive Manager

Data Export Data Warehouse Reports, Etc.

Network Model

Database Maintenance
Backing up your database regularly is the foundation of sound database management. A reliable backup copy of your database can help you restore database integrity following system interruptions. SPECTRUM provides two methods for backing up your database. The first, On-Line Backup lets you save your database automatically, at regular intervals, or on demand, while SpectroSERVER is running. Alternately, the SPECTRUM Control Panel provides facilities for manually saving and restoring your database, but requires shutting down SpectroSERVER. To learn more about these features, refer to Database Management.

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Model Types, Models and Relations

The SpectroSERVER database provides storage for specific device configurations, statistics and events. The database also contains the Modeling Catalog (model types and relations) that determines the structure for all network information. Model types serve as templates. They define characteristics (attributes) of the elements that make up your network such as workstations, hubs, networks, and users. The modeling catalog contains model types that correspond to the device types found in your network. These device model types provide a template for device-specific information together with the Inference Handlers needed to help you manage your network. A Model represents a particular instance of a model type. Models are not part of the modeling catalog, but instead, they are created from the model types provided by the modeling catalog. For example, to create a model of a particular SPARCstation 20 workstation in your network (identified by a unique hostname and IP address), you would choose the Host_SUN model type as a template from the available model types in the modeling catalog. Before creating the model, SPECTRUM asks you to identify the particular workstation by supplying a unique IP address or hostname. This information uniquely identifies the new model as a particular SPARCstation 20.

192.118.52.34

Host_SUN

This model of the model type, Host_SUN is uniquely identified by the IP address, 192.118.52.34.

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 Relations (Connects, Contains, Owns, etc.) define the relationships that can exist between two or more models. The type of relations that a particular model is capable of are determined by the model type used to create a model. For example, a model created from the Network model type can Contain a variety of network devices (routers, bridges, workstations, etc.) including specific network models such as FDDI_Networks, ATM_Networks, etc. Relations define the structure in your network model.

Relations establish the structure of your network model allowing SPECTRUM to correctly isolate problems.
Acctg_Subnet

This LAN_802_3 network model contains a Host_SUN workstation model.

Host_SUN 192.118.52.34

LAN_802_3

SPECTRUM Icons
VNM Network (802.3)
Model Name

LAN_802_3

Fanout
FANOUT

Network elements and organizational entities are represented in SPECTRUMs views as icons. To the left are some of the icons youll find there. Icons alert you to network problems and provide access to a variety of configuration and information views. Each icon is unique to a particular model type.

Two models were created during SPECTRUM installation: a User model for the target user identified during Model Name installation and a VNM model that represents your Bridge SpectroSERVER. When you first start SPECTRUM, the Model Name VNM icon, is the only icon that is visible. The VNM icon provides access to views that can help you configure and Model Type manage SpectroSERVER functions. User models determine who is allowed access to SPECTRUM. Youll learn more about User models later in this book when you create User models for other users that will need to access SPECTRUM.
Off-Page Reference (Router)

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Icon Double-Click Zones

Icons are configured with double-click zones, areas that, when double-clicked using the mouse pointer, perform a specific action such as opening a view. The Performance double-click zone is capable of plotting the performance of three device attributes, as shown here and throughout this book: Blue - Frame Rate Green - Load Orange - Error Rate
Typical Double-Click Zones
(Generic SNMP Device Icon)

Performance double-click zone Opens Performance View

Model Name

Opens Configuration View Opens Performance View

Opens Device View Opens Device Topology (DevTop) View

SNMP SNMP Device

Opens Application View

When SPECTRUM is first installed, the icon graphs are disabled (by default) and the Performance double-click zone is blank. (Refer to Getting Started with SPECTRUM for Operators to see an example of icons with graphs disabled.) You can enable icon graphs by setting the displayGraphOnIcons resource to true in the spectrum resource file in the app-defaults directory within the SPECTRUM install area or by highlighting the icon and selecting Show Performance Graph from the Icon Subviews menu.

Landscapes
Model Name 4 1 7 Landscape

A landscape covers the management domain for a given SpectroSERVER. It includes a Topology, Location, and Organization model hierarchy. You can create your entire network model in a single landscape or divide it among several landscapes. SPECTRUMs Distributed SpectroSERVER (DSS) feature allows you to manage multiple landscapes from the same SpectroGRAPH. Each landscape is identified by a unique landscape name. Refer to Distributed SpectroSERVER for detailed information about using the DSS feature.
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SPECTRUM Views
The information from the SPECTRUM database is presented within three predefined model hierarchies. After SPECTRUM is installed, the SpectroSERVER database contains the modeling catalog and the following models: World Top level of Location hierarchy Universe Top level of Topology hierarchy TopOrg Top level of Organization hierarchy You can create as many levels in each hierarchy, and as many branches at each level, as you need to represent your network. At each level within these hierarchies, you can access a variety of generic views (Model Information, Performance, etc.) and list-type views (Alarms, Events, etc.). At the device level, you can access device-specific views. The information available in devicespecific views is described in Management Module Guides for each particular device type.
Location Location Hierarchy Hierarchy

SPECTRUM Model Hierarchies

Topology Hierarchy Organization Organization Hierarchy Hierarchy

World Country Region Site Sector Building Floor Section Room Rack or Panel

Universe

Various

Network

Levels

As Needed LAN Org_Owns WAN LAN_802_3 LAN_802_5 ATM_Network FDDI

Any Location Icon

Device Icons

You will create the other levels of the Topology hierarchy using AutoDiscovery and the instructions in this book. To create views in the Location and Organization hierarchies, refer to How to Manage Your Network with SPECTRUM.

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SPECTRUM Directories and Files

SPECTRUM should already be installed before proceeding SPECTRUM Install Directory with this book. If not, install it now using the instructions SS in your SPECTRUM Installation Guide. SPECTRUMs SpectroSERVER installation program places program and support files in SpectroSERVER Database their proper place and assigns ownership and permission .vnmrc (VNM resource file) according to parameters entered during installation. The SS-Tools directory structure shown to the right provides a general Database maintenance tools overview of the location and purpose of the various Model Type Editor Miscellaneous scripts directories and files.
SG

Resource Files
SPECTRUM resource files define features such as: startup windows, standard path names, background colors, and the mouse double-click time interval. When first installed, these parameters are set to default values needed to start and begin using SPECTRUM. Refer to SPECTRUM Resources to learn more about resource files, where to find them, and how to use them to customize SPECTRUM.

SpectroGRAPH Report programs Alarm Manager SG-Tools SpectroWATCH Miscellaneous scripts and support files SG-Support Various support files for Views, Icons, Reports, etc. app-defaults spectrum (Resource definitions) spectrum.fonts

Help Resource
If you have installed on-line documentation, you can access the entire SPECTRUM documentation set (including this book) by choosing Help from any Help menu.

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If you did not include documentation during your original installation, you can still access the documentation via the Documentation CD. Refer to your SPECTRUM Installation Guide to learn how to mount and access on-line documentation from the Documentation CD.

The SPECTRUM Control Panel

The Control Panel starts and stops SpectroSERVER, SpectroGRAPH and the Archive Manager. It also provides facilities for saving and restoring databases, for scheduling task execution, and configuring events, traps, resources.

To start the Control Panel:

1

Login to your workstation using the user ID that was defined for Target Ownership when starting the SPECTRUM installation.
login: <user ID> Password:

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Start the SPECTRUM Control Panel using one of the following formats:

in UNIX
Select SPECTRUM>Control Panel from the CDE Toolbar

in NT
Select Programs>Spectrum>Administration> Control Panel

Select Host to run on

Select Host Machine

hostname #1 hostname #2 hostname #3

The Select Host Machine dialog box appears, listing remote host machine names from which you can start the SPECTRUM Control Panel and run SPECTRUM.
3

OK

Exit

Select a host machine name and click on OK. The Control Panel appears.

The panel is divided into three areas:

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 Pull-down menus
User user@hostname: Aprisma Management Technologies

The Help? menu is where you find more information About the Control Panel. You can keep Help windows open to assist you as you work.

File

Control Configure Tools

Help? About the SPECTRUM Control Panel

Help SPECTRUM Control Panel

Three groups of buttons control SPECTRUM processes: Process Control - provides buttons to start and stop SpectroSERVER and SpectroGRAPH. Database Administration - provides buttons to manually Save and Restore the SpectroSERVER database.

Process Control
Start SpectroSERVER

Database Administration
Save

Server Administration
Configure

SpectroGRAPH

Restore

Scheduler

Server Administration - provides facilities to configure events, traps, SPECTRUM resources, and to define scheduling. Scheduling lets you set an execution time for specific commands. Refer to Database Management for more information on scheduling.

Freeze

Scroll

Status:

INACTIVE

Exit

The SpectroSERVER message window shows operational dialog: If messages scroll too fast, you can use the Freeze button to stop the action. The Scroll button resumes message scrolling. Status shows the current SpectroSERVER status. Exit closes the panel. Processes you started from the panel keep going, but you can restart the panel to regain control at any time.
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Starting SPECTRUM
Use the Control Panel to start SpectroSERVER and/or SpectroGRAPH. You can run both on the same workstation as described here, or you can use the Control Panel to start SpectroGRAPH on your local workstation and connect to a SpectroSERVER running on another workstation. SpectroSERVER must be running and ready to accept client connections before you start SpectroGRAPH. If you are connecting to a SpectroSERVER running on another workstation, bypass Starting SpectroSERVER and go to Starting SpectroGRAPH.

Starting SpectroSERVER:
Click on
Start SpectroSERVER

SpectroSERVER takes a short period of time to load. During this time the server message window displays several messages. When SpectroSERVER is ready, the Control Panel displays a message indicating the server is ready, and the Status changes to RUNNING.

Please wait. /usr/Spectrum/SS/SpectroSERVER is loading landscape 0x400000 at precedence 10... Number of models loaded : 0

/usr/Spectrum/SS/SpectroSERVER is now ready on port 0xbeef...

Freeze

Scroll

Status:

RUNNING

Exit

If you attempt to start SpectroGRAPH before SpectroSERVER is ready, an error message appears telling you: No SpectroSERVER to talk to.
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Starting SpectroGRAPH:
1

Click on . The Select SpectroSERVER dialog box appears listing servers that you can connect to through SpectroGRAPH. Select a host machine name and click on OK. As SpectroGRAPH comes up, it displays the SPECTRUM logo. The default configuration tells SPECTRUM to open the highest Location view SpectroGRAPH : Location : World and the highest Topology view, SpectroGRAPH : Topology : Universe. Since we are only modeling your network in the Topology hierarchy in this book, close the SpectroGRAPH : Location : World view. Pull down the File menu and choose Close.

SpectroGRAPH

Select SpectroSERVER Select initial SpectroSERVER to connect to. Available Servers: hostname #1 hostname #2 hostname #3 0x0000000 0x0000000 0x0000000

OK

Exit

Topology View

Location View

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Modeling Your Network

Initially, there are no models in the SPECTRUM database that correspond to devices on your network. The only models that exist in the beginning are the VNM representing your SpectroSERVER and a User model for the administrator who was identified during installation. You need to create a model of your network in the SpectroSERVER database, one that accurately represents your network and allows SPECTRUM to help you manage your network. You can use AutoDiscovery, SPECTRUMs automatic modeling feature, to create a model of your network. For detailed information about AutoDiscovery, refer to the AutoDiscovery Users Guide (0727). You can also create models manually as shown in the section called To create a model manually: (Page 19).

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Manually Creating a Device Model

In this section we are creating a router model. You can use the same steps to model any device for your network model.

To create a model manually:

1

Navigate into the Universe view: Click on the View menu and select New View >Topology.
SpectroGRAPH : Topology : Universe File View Tools Bookmarks
Edit Print Close Exit
VNM tutor

Help?

Ctrl+E

Select Edit from the File menu to place the view in Edit mode. SpectroGRAPH has two modes of operation: Navigate and Edit. Navigate mode allows you to move between views. Edit mode lets you make changes to a view, such as adding or deleting models. In this case we are adding a new model to the Universe view. Select New Model from the Edit menu. The Select Model Type dialog box appears.

Ctrl+X

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SpectroGRAPH : Topology : Unive

File Edit Tools Bookmarks

Select Model Type

Rtr_Bay_Wflet

Help

New Model New Model by IP Cut Shift +Del

Rtr_Cisco Rtr_Cisco2500 Rtr_Cisco3000 Rtr_Cisco4000 Rtr_Cisco7000 Rtr_CiscoAGS Rtr_CiscoCGS Filter:

Note: Note:

Use the New Model by IP selection to create a model when you know the IP address of the device but not the model type. SPECTRUM interrogates the device to determine the model type and automatically creates a model, using the model type that most closely matches the actual device.

OK

Cancel

Select a device model type from the Select Model Type dialog box and click OK. In our example we are creating a Cisco router and have selected Rtr_Cisco. If your device is not in the list, it may be because SPECTRUM intelligence does not allow it to be modeled at that level in the hierarchy, or that there is no model type for that device. For basic SNMP management, you can model any device with the GnSNMPDev model type. For more detailed management, a specific model type is required. A dialog box appears where you can define the specific model you are creating. Some of the fields are already defined by default. In addition to the default settings, a minimum definition requires an IP Address and Community String. Optional information, such as Contact, Location, etc. can be helpful in managing your network. You can enter the information here or add it later by editing the models Model Information view.

Select Model Type Rtr_Bay_Wflet Rtr_Cisco Rtr_Cisco2500 Rtr_Cisco3000 Rtr_Cisco4000 Rtr_Cisco7000 Rtr_CiscoAGS Rtr_Cisco_CGS Rtr_Cisco_IGS

Filter:

OK

Cancel

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Enter the appropriate information for your router. Use the IP address of the router port closest to the SpectroSERVER workstation as the Network Address. This gives SPECTRUM some diagnostic capability even if the other router ports fail. In our example, weve entered values that define the sample Router #1. Your router may be defined differently.

SpectroGRAPH

Creation View

Router #1

Rtr_Cisco

Discover Connections

6 7

Click on OK. Your router model appears in the Universe view.

OK

Cancel

Leave the view in Edit mode and go on to SPECTRUM establishes contact with it the next module to learn how to use AutoDiscovery to model your network, or you can stop here by selecting File >Close Edit, and then File >Exit.

Shortly after your router is created,

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Reading the Information in SPECTRUM Views

Condition Color Zones - Condition of this model

Location

FANOUT

Network A

CSIRptr

Rollup Condition Color Zones - composite status of models beneath this one.

Icons use colors to visually convey status showing a models Condition and Rollup Condition. A models Condition color alerts you to problems with the model. Rollup Condition indicates the status of models at lower levels of the hierarchy. As the SPECTRUM administrator, you can set the thresholds for Rollup Condition colors based on the severity of the condition of models at the next lower level in the hierarchy.

For example, the rollup threshold for a LAN model might be set to show a Red rollup condition when two or more devices within it have a Red condition.
Color Green Yellow Orange Red Gray Blue Brown Good - Contact established/Normal operation Minor Alarm - A situation has occurred but no immediate action is required. This condition is also used for alarms created only to convey information, such as Duplicate IP. Major Alarm - A loss of service has occurred or is impending. Action is required within a short period of time. Critical - A loss of service has occurred and immediate action is required. Unknown - This device cannot be reached due to a known error condition that exists on another device. Initial - Contact with this device has not yet been established. Device has been taken off-line for maintenance purposes. Page 22 Getting Started with SPECTRUM Condition Meaning

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Pipes - Logical Links Between Icons

Network connections are collectively represented as logical links called pipes. A pipe can represent many port-to-port connections. Pipes are created automatically when you create your network model using SPECTRUMs AutoDiscovery feature, described earlier in this guide. Pipes can be configured as Standard pipes or Live pipes. (Standard Pipes is the default configuration setting.)

Standard Pipes
Two types of standard pipes can be created to show connections: Gold pipes show connections that are resolved (connected to an actual port at both ends). AutoDiscovery always resolves connections to a device port, producing gold pipes. Gold pipes cannot be erased from SPECTRUM views. Silver pipes are manually created by selecting two icons and choosing the Connect selection from the Edit menu and or by using the mouse to draw a connection between icons while in Edit mode. If the connection represented by a silver pipe cannot be resolved, the pipe remains silver. However, if the connection is resolved, the pipe automatically turns to gold. Silver pipes can be erased.
132.177.0.0 of type IPClassB of Landscape tutor: Primary
File View Tools Bookmarks Help?

Router #1 FANOUT Rtr_Cisco

132.177.1.0

LAN

Silver Pipe

Gold Pipe

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Live Pipes
Router #1 132.177.1.0

Rtr_Cisco

LAN

Enable Live Links Listed below is the set of links/port-pairs this pipe represents and a toggle indicating if the link is Live. Enabling a link will cause the pipe to display a combination of all the live links conditions and cause alarms to be generated for the live links. pcA_1: port1 <-> Hub4: port 11 OK Cancel

Close Navigate Alarms Performance Notes Utilities Zoom Link Information Enable Live Links

When SPECTRUMs Live Pipes feature is enabled (from the VNM models Landscape Configuration view), individual pipes can be toggled from Standard to Live by choosing the Enable Live Pipes selection from a pipes Icon Subviews menu and then clicking on the button in the Enable Live Links dialog box. For additional information on live pipes, refer to Distributed SpectroSERVER and SPECTRUM Icons. Live pipes use colors to provide additional status information. Within a live pipe, the connection having the most severe condition (bad, disabled, etc.) determines the pipes color. A live pipe can generate an alarm when one of the links that it represents goes down.

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132.177.0.0 of type IPClassB of Landscape tutor: Primary

File View Tools Bookmarks Help?

Router #1 FANOUT Rtr_Cisco

132.177.1.0

The condition of the individual connections within a pipe is based on the condition of the ports at either end of a connection. For example, if one port is bad and the other is good the connection has a red condition, and since red is the most severe condition, the pipe will also be red. The matrix below shows the possible port condition combinations and the resulting pipe colors. The initial color of a pipe is blue, indicating an unresolved link (contact not yet established). Once the link is resolved, the pipe displays a color as listed below. Pipes are automatically re-created whenever a pair of previously-piped icons are placed in the same view. This means, if you remove (cut, destroy, erase) either or both icons of a piped pair, the pipe is erased. Later, if you place both previously-piped icons in a view, the pipe connecting them will reappear in the view.

LAN

Good Link (Green)

132.177.1.0

LAN

Unresolved Link (Blue)

Unreachable Link (Gray)

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Port Conditions and Live Pipe Colors

Local Port PORT CONDITION Good Bad Remote Port Unknown Disabled Unreachable Good GREEN RED GREEN BROWN GRAY RED RED BROWN GRAY GREEN BROWN GRAY BROWN BROWN GRAY Bad Unknown Disabled Unreachable

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Link Information
Double-clicking on the pipe or highlighting the pipe and selecting Link Information from the Icon Subviews menu opens the Link Information view. The Link Information view provides more detailed information about the two connected ports.

SpectroGRAPH: Link Information

Link Information View

File

To learn more about the Link Information view, refer to SPECTRUM Icons.

Universe_6

LAN_802_3 Network A Repeating

Model icon that contains the device below it. Device icon that contains the port below it.

CSIRptr

MRXiRptr

Network A 2.2

Repeating 1.26

GenRptrR4Port

GenRptrR4Port

Port icons

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Creating User Models

User models determine who can access SPECTRUM. Minimally, they define each user by user ID and access privileges, but additional attributes, such as location, organization, and graphic image of the user can also be recorded. Only users having a User model in a SpectroSERVERs database are permitted access to that SpectroSERVERs landscape, views, and data. If you specified a user name (Target Ownership) during your SPECTRUM installation, a User model was automatically created for that user ID. If other users will need access, you must create User models for them with SPECTRUMs User Editor. As the Administrator of your network, you can set specific access privileges for each User model that you add to the database. The Community String entered for each user determines the level of access. The default Community String, ADMIN,0, grants unrestricted administrative privileges. Security implementation is beyond the scope of this book, so we are not going to implement a Community String that restricts access. To learn how to apply security, refer to Security and User Maintenance.

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To create a User model:

1

Navigate into the Universe Topology view. Double-click on the user symbol on the right side of the VNM icon or highlight the icon and select User Editor from the Icon Subviews menu. The UserEditor window appears.

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Double-click on the Landscape icon in the tree area (left side).

Click on the New User button. The Create new User dialog box appears.

Enter the user ID for the User model being created and click OK.
UserEditor: Create new User

Enter the name for User:

nancynetwatcher
OK Clear Cancel

The new User model is added to the landscape.

Corporate_Landscape Net_Admin nancynetwatcher

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Click on (select) the new user in the tree area (left side of the window). The fields that define the user become enabled for entering information. Only two of the 13 User Attributes (Name and Community String) are mandatory. Name contains the name entered in Step 5. The Community String is automatically set to the default (ADMIN, 0). For now, leave the Community String set to the default. (To learn how to use Community Strings to apply security, refer to Security and User Maintenance.) The remaining User Attributes let you define each user according to characteristics that can help sort users for grouping or locate users according to specific attributes. Security and User Maintenance provides more information about creating UserGroup models.

After entering the User Attributes, save the new User model with its current definition, File> Save Attributes. Repeat steps 3 through 7 to create more User models. To close the User Editor, select File> Close.

8 9

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Exiting SPECTRUM
Now that you have created a model of your network and added the appropriate users to the SpectroSERVER database, you have completed all the tasks outlined at the beginning of this book, except stopping SpectroSERVER and SpectroGRAPH. At this point, you can exit from SPECTRUM and the Control Panel or continue exploring SPECTRUMs views and exit later using the following procedure. SpectroGRAPH, SpectroSERVER, and the Control Panel were started as separate processes and must be stopped as separate processes.

To Stop SpectroGRAPH:
Select File > Exit from the menu bar in any of the SPECTRUM views. All the views will close and SpectroGRAPH will stop.

To Stop SpectroSERVER:
1

Click on the

Stop SpectroSERVER

button on the Control Panel.

A confirmation dialog box appears, asking if you really want to shutdown SpectroSERVER and the Archive Manager.
2

Are you sure that you want to shutdown SpectroSERVER and Archive Manager? OK

Click on OK in the dialog box.

Cancel

As SpectroSERVER performs database housekeeping, several messages are displayed. When SpectroSERVER has completely stopped, the message, SpectroSERVER.exe has successfully shutdown. is displayed in the Control Panel message window, the Stop SpectroSERVER button becomes a Start SpectroSERVER button, and the Status changes to Inactive.
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To Exit from the Control Panel:

1

Click on the Exit button to exit from the Control Panel.

A confirmation dialog box appears.

!
2

Are you sure you wish to exit the SPECTRUM Control Panel?

OK

Cancel

Click on OK.

What Next?
You have now modeled your network with SPECTRUM and are ready to use it to manage your network. We recommend reading How to Manage Your Network With SPECTRUM to learn how to optimize management with SPECTRUM through customizing and maintaining your network model, monitoring and isolating alarms, and troubleshooting.

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Learning More About SPECTRUM

For further reference, SPECTRUM documentation is your best source for current information. The Software Release Notice (SRN) that came with your copy of SPECTRUM lists titles and part numbers for the latest documentation and provides timesaving information on known anomalies. If you installed SPECTRUM Documentation during install or provided access as described earlier (refer to Help Resource on page 12), you can access SPECTRUM documents by choosing Help from the Help menu in any SPECTRUM view. Four categories of SPECTRUM products are available: End User Products these are the SPECTRUM Network Management core products, including: SpectroGRAPH, the SPECTRUM User Interface (UI) SpectroSERVER, the network management software Core management modules and applications

Non-Programmatic Toolkits these provide the capability to add support for additional devices and to enhance or modify aspects of SPECTRUM core without writing any C++ code. Programmatic Toolkits these offer programming interfaces for the purpose of developing C++ advanced extensions to SPECTRUM. These toolkits include header files, object libraries, example source code, and complete documentation. Applications these are products designed to complement SPECTRUM End User Products. This category of products includes applications such as SpectroWATCH, SPECTRUM Data Gateway, SPECTRUM AR System Gateway, SPECTRUM NetView Gateway, SPECTRUM Report Generator, and SPECTRUM Data Export.

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