RENAL SYSTEM

 
It is normal to think that their function is excretion, but it is only one, and not the most
important of the reasons. Its function is to regulate the balance of internal environment, for
it exists, therefore, the excretion of metabolites, such as retention of anabolic body needs
(ions), also has an endocrine function, and that secretes substances that could be considered
as hormones: renin , kallikrein, erythropoietin and prostraglandinas.
The kidney performs its functions through various mechanisms that are:
Glomerular filtration
Tubular reabsorption
Secretion
Excretion via the urine.
At the level of the glomeruli ultra filtered deproteinized plasma (not filtered proteins
theoretically) but then at the level of the renal tubules, the majority of the filtrate is
reabsorbed. This may seem like extra work, but it may explain the evolutionary standpoint.
The origin of this leak were single-celled organisms to be in the middle of a hypotonic
environment, should take the leftovers, then to receive the multicellular be put into water
(filtration-reabsorption).
The unit functional morphology of the kidney is the nephron, which consists of a
glomerulus and a tubule system, among which we distinguish a proximal tubule is the loop
of Henle, then the distal tubule leading to the collector tubes and the liquid leaving for them
it is urine.