TRAVELING

THROUGH

THESSALONIANS
A study in I Thessalonians
by
J. WILLIAM KANOY
Th.B, B.R.E., B.D.

FELLOWSHIP TRACT LEAGUE

BOOK DIVISION

P. 0. B0X 1 64 0 LEBAN 0 N, 0H1045036

 ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Dr. J. William Kanoy

was born on November
26, 1928 in
Jamestown, North
Carolina. He was
converted on June 3,
1945, and called into
the ministry of our
Lord one year later.
Dr. Kanoy graduated
from Bible college and
did post-graduate
work. He held three
earned degrees and an
honorary Doctor of
Divinity degree.
For 28 years, Dr. Kanoy was pastor of Church Street
Baptist Church in Greensboro, North Carolina. In addition, he
was president of Greensboro Bible College, which he founded
26 years ago. He also conducted meetings in Bible conferences
in almost every state in the U. S. as well as some meetings
abroad. For 25 years, he preached almost daily. Dr. Kanoy was
the author of 25 books.
Dr. Kanoy was married to Betty McMahan Kanoy for
48 years. They have three children: Billy Ray Kanoy, Patricia
K. Whitt and Pamela K. Bush. They also have six
grandchildren. Mrs. Kanoy resides in Oak Ridge, North
Carolina.
Dr. Kanoy ascended into Heaven on May 18, 1995.
Dr. Kanoy truly kept the faith, fought the fight and
finished the course.
 The Book Division of the Fellowship Tract
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"FREE AS THE LORD PROVIDES."
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Suggested Outlines .................................................................. 1

Preface ................................................................................... 5

1. Consecration in Service............................................................... 8

2. Compassion for Souls............................................................... 15

3. Comfort in Sorrow.................................................................. 21

4. Consolation in Second Coming...................................................27

5. Complete Satisfaction............................................................... 33


I. Exaltation And Thanksgiving - Ch. 1

II. Encouragement And Testimony - Ch. 2
III. Explanation And Tidings - Ch. 3
I V. Exhortation And Teaching - Ch. 4
V. Expectation And Triumph - Ch. 5

I. Consecration in Service - Ch. 1

II. Compassion For Souls - Ch. 2
III. Comfort In Sorrow - Ch. 3
I V. Consolation In Second Coming - Ch. 4
V. Complete Satisfaction - Ch. 5

I. No Place For Idolatry - Ch. 1

II. No Place For Idleness - Ch. 2
III. No Place For Intolerance - Ch. 3
I V. No Place For Ignorance - Ch. 4
V. No Place For Indifference - Ch. 5

I. Salvation of the Believer - Ch. 1

II. Service of the Saints - Ch. 2
III. Steadfastness of the Steward - Ch. 3
I V. Sorrow of the Bereaved - Ch. 4
V. Sanctification of the Sons of Light - Ch. 5

I. I nspiration And Comfort - Ch. 1

II. I nstruction And Courage - Ch. 2
III. I nformation And Concern - Ch. 3
I V. Injunction And Challenge - Ch. 4
V. Illustration And Conduct - Ch. 5

l. Personal Hope - Linked With Our Salvation (Ch. 1)

II. Practical Hope - Linked With Our Service (Ch. 2)
Ill. Powerful Hope - Linked With Our Strength (Ch. 3)
I V. Precious Hope - Linked With Our Sorrow (Ch. 4)
V. Present Hope - Linked With our Sanctification (Ch. 5)

I ntroduction - Ch. 1:1

II. Recollection - Ch. 1-3
I.

1. Commendation - Ch. 1:2-10

2. Foundation - Ch. 2:1-20
3. I ndoctrination - Ch. 3:1-13
III. Exhortation - Ch. 4-5
I V. Conclusion - Ch. 5:25-28

I. Believer's Expectation - Ch. 1:9-10

II. Believer's Devotion - Ch. 2:19-20
Ill. Believer's Separation - Ch. 3:12-13
I V. Believer's Translation - Ch. 4:16-18
V. Believer's Preservation - Ch. 5:23

Believer's Presented As:

I. Chapter 1 - Saved One

II. Chapter 2 - Serving One
Ill. Chapter 3 - Sympathizing One
I V. Chapter 4 - Sorrowing One
V. Chapter 5 - Saintly One

Blessed Hope I s Connected To Our Salvation - confidence is

Prominent (Ch. 1)
I.

II. Blessed Hope Is Connected To our Service - Crown Is

Promised (Ch. 2)
III. Blessed Hope Is Connected To Our Brotherly Love - Conduct
I s Presented (Ch. 3)
IV. Blessed Hope Is Connected To Our Sorrows - Comfort is
Provided (Ch. 4)
V. Blessed Hope Is Connected To A Holy Life - Character I s
Portrayed (Ch. 5)
Andrew Telford

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 I. Address To The Thessalonians - Ch. 1
II. Accounting To The Thessalonians - Ch. 2
III. Appeal For Sanctification of The Thessalonians - Ch. 3
IV. Assurance For The Thessalonians - Ch. 4
V. Activity of The Thessalonians - Ch. 5

I. Reputation Of The Church - Ch. 1

II. Review Of The Church - Ch. 2
III. Recourse Of The Church - Ch. 3
I V. Removal Of The Church - Ch. 4
V. Responsibility Of The Church - Ch. 5

I. Kind of Christians They Were - Ch. 1

II. Kind Of Preacher Paul Was - Ch. 2
III. Kind of Church They Attended - Ch. 3
I V. Kind of Behavior Paul Expected Of Them - Ch. 4
V. Kind Of Lives Paul Would Have Them Live - Ch. 5

I. Ch. 1 - Personal - Church Its Influence On Others

II. Ch. 2 - Historical - Church Its Interest In The Gospel

I II. Ch. 3 - Devotional - Church-Inspired to Make Progress

I V. Ch. 4 - Doctrinal - Church Its Individual Piety - (V. 5-11)

V. Ch. 5 - Practical Church Its Internal Harmony ( V. 12-24)

Benediction - Greetings, Guidance, Grace (V. 25-28)

Chapter 1

I. Servants of God - V. 1
I I. Saints of God - Vss. 1 and 2
I II. Salvation's Evidence - Vss. 9 and 10

Chapter 2
I. Entrance of the Gospel - Vss. 1-9
II. Examples of the Gospel - V. 10
III. Exhortation of the Gospel - Vss. 11 and 12
I V. Evidence of the Gospel - Vss. 13-16
V. Enemy of the Gospel - Vss. 17-20

Chapter 3
I. Positive Endeavor - Vss. 1 and 2
II. Personal Encouragement - Vss. 2-10
Ill. Prayerful Expectation - Vss. 11-13

Chapter 4
I. Provisions For Holy Living - Vss. 1-8
II. Proofs of Holy Living - Vss. 9-12
Ill. Prospect of Glory - Vss. 13-18

Chapter 5
I. Day of the Sovereign - VSS. 1-11
II. Duties of the Saints - Vss. 12-22
III. Desires of a Servant - Vss. 23-28

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 PREFACE

Introduction to I Thessalonians

1. I Thessalonians was written around 50-54 A.D. Both I and II

Thessalonians were written from Corinth. The Epistle was
written a few months after the apostle had been driven from
Thessalonica because of bitter persecution following the
founding of the Church (Act 17:1-9). Paul stayed at Corinth 18
months (Act 18:11).

2. For a background, we need to look at Acts 17 where we see Paul

i s preaching in the Synagogue. The Church was formed with
converts of Jews and a great many devout Greeks. Some
believed and some believed not (Acts 17:4).

3. Paul the author writes to this young Church (1 yr. old) that was
meeting in the house of Jason (Acts 17:6, Rom 16:21).

4. This Church was established on Paul's second missionary journey

(Acts 17:1-10).

5. Both I and II Thessalonians written by Paul's own hand. (2 Th 3:17).

6. Paul was in Thessalonica for 3 weeks; Had a great harvest of

souls; one was a nephew of Paul, a convert by the name of
Jason (Acts 17:2).

7. I and II Thessalonians are letters to local churches. Corinth was a

l ocal church. Only the churches of Corinth and Thessalonica
would receive two epistles from Paul the Apostle.

8. Paul went to the city of 200,000 people that was rioted for its
many hot springs - "Therma". Paul preached in the city en route
from Philippi to Achaia.

9. Thessalonica got its name from the 1/2 sister of Alexander the
Great when Rome conquered Macedonia in 315 B.C. Her name is
"Thessaloniki."

10. Paul tried to go back at least two other times, but was hindered

5
 by Satan (1 Th 2:17-18). Paul did send Timothy back to them
(1 Th 3:1-3).

11. When Demas forsook Paul, he went to the city of Thessalonica

(2 Ti 4:10).

12. This Church made speedy progress even under continued perse-
cution.

13. The theme of I and II Thessalonians is the Second Coming of

Christ.

14. Thessalonica is known today as Salonika. In World War II it was

captured by the Germans. 60,000 Jews were either killed or
deported. The city has 300,000 population today.

15. Paul makes no mention of his apostleship, for it had not been
questioned by this Church.

Purpose of I Thessalonians.
1. To encourage these new converts.

2. To assure them of his love and concern for them.

3. To ground them in the doctrines of the faith (The fate of

Christians who had died before the coming of Christ's
kingdom.).

4. To encourage them to holy living.

5. To correct their practical weaknesses.

a. Failure to Honor spiritual leaders (I Th 5:12-13).
b. Confusion in their public services (I Th 5:19-21).

6. To warn them of disorderly conduct (1 Th 5:14).

7. Paul wanted to clear up the matter of the "Day of the Lord"

(I Th 5:2). Some thought it had already begun and they were
experiencing its judgments. Paul taught them that they were
not appointed to wrath.

NOTE: If we allow ourselves to be robbed of the truth of the

Second Coming of Christ, our works lose their direction
and the Atonement lacks destiny. All of Paul's epistles
are permeated with the same truths.

8. Paul commends them for their missionary spirit and rejoices

that though the persecution had not let up, they were examples
to all believers in their joyful endurance of suffering.

9. Exhort them to pursue a path of purity in sexual matters. (I Th 4:3).

10. To reprimand those that were lazy busybodies and parasites

(I Th 4:11: Comp. 2 Th 3:6).

11. Timothy had reported to Paul that certain errors were undermining
the progress of the gospel in that place.

12. Thessalonians was written to:

A. Encourage.
I

B. Establish.
C. I nstruct.
D. I nspire.

Suggestions For Study.

1. Read the Epistle through once a day for a month. It takes less than
20 min.

2. Gather all the teachings about God and Christ.

"God" - 38 times.
"Christ" - 14 times.
"Jesus" is mentioned 17 times.
"Lord" is mentioned 25 times.

3. Doctrine of the Holy Spirit.

4. Gospel: Its power, reception, facts, subject, preachers, effect,

propagation, fruits.

5. Saints: Hidden references.

Pedestrians (I Th 2:12).

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 Pupils (I Th 4:9-11).
Mourners (I Th 4:13).
Watchmen (I Th 5:6).
Crown (I Th 2:19).
Find others.

6. Look for the Lord's coming at close of each of the five chapters.

7. All the references to "your faith" (I Th 1:3,8; 3:2, 5,6,7,10; 5:8).

8. Their condition: "Affliction"; "Suffering"; "Persecuted"; "Persecution".

9. By all means don't overlook and fail to distinguish between all the
"ye", "yours", "they", "us" (See Chapter 5).

10. What are the characteristics of a local Church? What is its

Constitution? How is it formed? How is it ruled? What are its
activities? How should the members behave? What should be the
hope of the Church?

11. Summary:
Live for the Lord (I Th 4:1).
Labor for the Lord (I Th 1:3).
Love one another (I Th 4:9; 5:11-22).
Look for the Lord (I Th 1:10; 4:16-18).

CHAPTER 1
CONSECRATION IN SERVICE

I ntroduction:
Paul is noted for his salutation and uses a consistent form of
greeting pronouncing "grace" and "peace" from God the
Father and The Lord Jesus Christ.

I. Servants of God - Verse 1.

A. Paul the gracious.
1. Paul - Roman name; Saul - Jewish name.
2. Paul preached the Gospel in the synagogue, for he was
accepted as a rabbi.
3. He "opened and alleging" (compared scripture) the

Scripture with these people (Acts 17:2-3).

4. Some believed and some turned against the message of Paul.
5. Paul was a man of prayer and love; Silas was a man of
hope.

B. Silvanus the helpful.

1. Another spelling for Silas.
2. Paul did not want John Mark to go with him on his second
missionary journey; therefore he chose Silas (Acts 15:36-41).
3. Silas is best remembered for his being in prison with Paul in
Philippi (Acts 16:23-25).
4. Paul was an Apostle (2 Ti 1:11); Silas was a prophet
( Acts 15:32).

C. Timotheus the faithful.

1. Another spelling for Timothy.
2. His name means "one who honors God."
3. Timothy was enlisted by Paul early in his second tour.
4. Paul mentions his name 28 times in his epistles.
5. He was very trustworthy.
6. Pastor at Ephesus (I Tim 1:1-3, Heb 13:23, also in Acts 16:1-4;
Phil 2:19-20).
7. He was an evangelist (2 Ti 4:5).

II. Saints of God - Verses I Th 1-2.

NOTE #1: Three graces exhibited by these saints (verse 3).
1. Faith - Looks back to the crucified Saviour.
2. Love - Looks up to the crowned Saviour.
3. Hope - Looks onto a coming Saviour.

A. Paul is grateful for them. (Verse 2a - We give thanks to God

always for you all)
1. He is grateful for the spiritual progress in the divine life.
2. Note the expression "without ceasing" (I Th 1:3; 2:13; 5:17);
occurs one other time in N.T. (Rom 1:9).
B. Paul prays for them. (verse 2b)
1. Paul's life was marked by thankfulness and prayerfulness.
2. When Paul prayed he mentioned these Thessalonians.
C. Paul remembers them. (Verse 3)
The place of remembrance is indicated by the phrase "before our
God and Father."
1. Their faith (Your work of faith)
a. This is not suggesting that faith is a work, but rather that

work is the outgrowth of their faith.

b. They worked because of their faith. Faith was the
source of their works. Faith was vital.
2. Labor of Love.
a. "Labor" - Greek means hard, strenuous, arduous work.
b. Christianity is not a life to be endured for duty's sake, but
a Person to be served for love sake.
C. "Labor of love" speaks of their service for God motivated
by love to the Lord Jesus. Love motivated them.
3. Patience of Hope. (Verse 3)
a. This speaks of their steadfastness waiting for the return of
Jesus.
b. These people had been suffering persecution because of
their valiant stand for Christ.
c. Bro. Phillips says of these believers that there was no
cracks that had appeared and it was "sheer dogged
endurance."
d. Hope means earnest expectation. Hope never means
uncertainty as to the facts of an event.
e. Hope assured them of heaven. Steadfastness in the
Faith. (I Co 16:13) Steadfastness in the Liberty of the
Gospel (Gal 5:1) Steadfastness in the Conflict Having On
the Armour of God. (Eph 6:11) Steadfastness in Unity.
( Phil 1:27) Steadfastness in the Lord. (Phil 4:1)
Steadfastness in the Will of God. (Col 4:12)
Steadfastness in the Truth. (2 Th 2:15)
Steadfastness in the Grace of God. (I Pe 5:12)
D. His Knowledge of Them. (Verses 1 and 4)
1. He knew about their conversion.
a. I n God the Father and in Lord Jesus Christ. (I Th 1:9,10) It
was genuinely experienced.
1) I n Christ - they had life.
2) I n Thessalonica - were in the world. They had
tribulation.
3) I n the Church - they had fellowship.

NOTE #2: The word "church", "ekklesia", is used five different ways
i n the N.T.

1. Of Israel. (Acts 7:38)

2. Lawfully convened assembly of citizens in a Greek
City. (Acts 19:39)
3. Riotous mob. (Acts 19:32-41)
4. Assembly consisting exclusively of professed

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 believers. (Acts 5:11-14, I Co 1:2)
5. Whole company of the redeemed of this age.
( Mat 16:18; Eph 1:22-23)
W. E. Vine

NOTE #3: Local description is "Church of Thessalonians". Spiritual

definition "in God the Father and in the Lord Jesus." Mark
i t is not "in Christ" as it is in many places, but "in the Lord
Jesus Christ." This church gathered together confessing
God as Father and Jesus Christ as Lord. Being "in God as
Father" it was non-pagan and "in the Lord" marked it as
being non-Jewish.

b. Blessing needed. (Verse 1)

1) Grace and Peace; note the order, grace then
peace.
2) Grace in God's favor toward man; peace is the
result to all who receive that favor in Christ.
3) Peace is grace in its fruit and realization.
4) This church was encircled by God and enriched by
grace, the grace of God the Father, of God the Son
and of the Holy Spirit.
2. He knew about their calling. (verse 4)
a. Their Election.
1) Brethren.
a) Genetic term meaning both men and women
alike, coming out of the same womb, having the
same father.
b) Word used 17 times in this epistle.
2) Beloved.
a) They were special objects of a peculiar
affection, recipients of special grace.
b) We are accepted and loved in the beloved
(Eph 1:6).
3) Election.
a) Election here must be understood of the
brethren individually, and not as the Church
collectively (See Rom 16:13).
b) Three things called elect: Nation, Church, Christ.
c) Election is said to be "in Him." God found in
Christ all sufficient merits for redeeming men
with the Gospel.
d) Election exalts God; free will exalts man;
election does not do away with human

11
 but God's.
e) Men are commanded to believe, repent,
receive Christ. We are to be faithful in
preaching the Gospel to every creature. We do
not know who the elect are. Do we?
f) Election looks back to eternity (Eph 1:1). We are
predestinated to sonship.
3. He knew about their conduct. (verses 5-8)
They heard. (Verse 5)
They received. (Verse 6)
They believed. (Verse 6)
They displayed. (verse 7 and 8)
They turned. (Verse 9)
They waited. (Verse 10)
a. They heard the scriptures. (verses 2-5)
Paul was a:
1) Praying Preacher. (Verses 2,3)
2) Perceptive Preacher. (Verse 4c)
3) Powerful Preacher. (Verse 5)
b. They heeded the scriptures. (Verse 6)
1) They followed the Leader (Paul "us").
2) They followed the Lord. "Followers" - "Mimetes," from
which we get our word mimic. Word used 4 times -2
Th 3:7,9;1 Th 1:1,6; 2:14. It means to copy someone
else's activities.

NOTE #4: They imitated the Lord's Servants - "Imitators of us". They
i mitated the Lord - "And of the Lord."

c. They heralded the scriptures. (Verse 8)

1) They were examples. (Verse 7)
a) Example is the Greek where we get our word
"type." In in 20:25 it is the word "print." "Tupos"
means a mark left by a blow. As in the hands of
Christ speaking of the prints of the nails. These
people had struck a blow and left a mark upon
other believers. Another example is a design
struck upon a coin or piece of money.
b) They communicated the word - "our Gospel".
c) They were controlled by the Holy Spirit - "Also in
Power".
d) They had complete assurance - "In much
assurance".

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 2) They were evangelistic. (Verse 8)
a) "Sounded out" like rolling thunder.
Their faith was known beyond Greece.
b) "Not only in Macedonia and Achaia, but also in
every place." Paul did not have to advertise
about the Thessalonican Church. Everyone was
talking about it.
c) These saints were like trumpeters, sounding out a
clear ringing note that carries far, and has a
continuing effect.
d) The word "sounded" is used of the fame of Christ
(Lk 4:37); the roaring sea (Lk 21:25); sound from
Heaven (Acts 2:2); clanging of brass (I Co 13:1); and
of the blast of the trumpet (Heb 12:19).
3) They were expectant. (Verses 9 and 10)
"To wait for His Son." Note the scope of Christianity
seen in these verses.
a) Commencement - "they turned to God."
Conversion.
b) Continuance - "to serve the living and true
God." Consecration.
c) Consummation - "to wait for His son from
heaven." Contemplation.
- Andrew Telford.

III. Salvation's Evidence - Verses 9 and 10.

Their faith confirmed. (Verse 9b)
Their love is confirmed. (Verse 9c)
Their hope is confirmed. (Verse 10)

A. Conversion - "Turning."
1. "Ye turned to God from idols."
2. Apostasy, idolatry, conversion, and separation are all found in
these words.
3. "Unto God" is the key to the secret of the change.
Turning to God is to be saved and kept by the omnipotent
God
4. Unto the God of faith, from the idol of self-righteousness.
Unto the God of truth, from the lies of Satan.
Unto the God of love, from the hatred begotten by sin.
Unto the God of power, from the weakness of self-effort.
Unto God the Father, to be His children.
Unto God the Son, to be united to Him.
Unto God the Holy Spirit, to be sealed forever.

13


- Marsh
B. Ministration - "Serving".
1. "To serve the living and true God."
2. They had become the happy bondslaves of a God who was
alive and real. Our God is the self-existing, ever-present,
unchanging, eternal one.
3. He is in contrast with dead idols.
a. The living God has eyes to behold. (Rev. 1:14; Mk 6:48; SS
5:12)
b. The living God has ears to hear. (Jer. 29:12; 33:3;
Ps 50:15)
c. The living God has hands to help. (Isa 41:10)
d. The living God has lips to speak. (Jn 14:13)
4. "True God" in contrast with these false idols. (Jn 14:6)

NOTE #5: The Eternal Sonship and Lordship of Christ is the

foundation of our salvation.

C. Expectation - "Waiting".
1. Word "wait".
a. I t is a compound word made up of two Greek words
literally to "wait-up." To wait-up for a friend who is
expected or who will arrive late some night.
b. These believers were waiting up for their Lord, a friend
who was away in heaven but expected to return soon.
1) We should wait with a watchful eye. (Lk 12:36-38)
2) We should wait with loins girded. (Lk 12:35; I Pe 1:13;
Eph 6:14)
3) We should wait with trimmed and burning lamps.
(Lk 12:35)
4) We should wait with a pure heart. (I in 3:2-3)

NOTE #6: The many characters in which Christ will come.

1. Gatherer for His people.
2. Saviour to complete our salvation. (Redemption of
body)
3. Bridegroom for His bride.
4. Lord to reward His servants.
5. Bright and morning star to gladden our hearts.
6. Hope to fulfill His promises.
7. Son to reap the reward of His atonement.
8. King to rule over all the earth.

2. Note the outline of Verse 10.

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 a. Posture - Wait.
b. Person - His Son.
c. Place - From Heaven.
d. Pledge - Whom He raised.
e. Precious name - even Jesus.
f. Prospect - who delivereth us from the wrath to come.
3. Hope confirmed.
a. Character of their hope - "wait". (Verse 10)
b. Content of their hope - "person". (Verse 10)
c. Center of their hope - "identified". (Verse 10)
4. Necessity of our Lord's Advent.
a. To confirm His mission.
b. To complete His ministry.
C. To consummate His great and gracious work.
d. To crown His former manifestation.
5. Closing statements.
a. Christ's highest title - Christ is called "His Son".
b. Christ's sweetest name - "Jesus".
c. Christ's greatest accomplishment - "died".
By His death He has accomplished the greatest work
possible.
d. God The Father's magnificent act - "Whom He raised
from the dead".
e. Christ's loftiest place - "He has ascended to Heaven".
f. Christ's strongest work - "Delivereth us from wrath to
come".
g. Believer's greatest honor - "To wait for His Son".
- Marsh

CHAPTER 2
Compassion for Souls
I ntroduction:
Paul considered it a great "trust" to have been given the gospel and
he was faithful to the God who entrusted it to him as he sought to
"please not man but God" in proclaiming the gospel message.

I. Entrance of the Gospel - Verses 1-9.

A. Arrival of Paul.
We get a brief look at Paul's personal character and conduct

15
 while he was at Thessalonica in 1:5. Now in verse 1, he gives us a
more thorough review of his ministry. Denny says, "A Christian's
character is the whole capital he has for carrying on his business.
I n most other callings, a man may go on, no matter what his
character is, provided his balance at the bank is on the right side;
but a Christian who has lost his character has lost everything."
1. Ministry. (Verses 1 and 2)
a. Very successful. (Verse 1)
b. Very courageous. (verse 10)
1) He was shamefully treated at Philippi and
accompanied by opposition in Thessalonica.
2) His mission lacked neither purpose, nor power, his
l abor was not in vain (I Co 15:58).
3) The fruit of this mission was permanent;
their work has proved thoroughly successful not
being void of substance or power.

NOTE #1:
Paul's courage:
1. Undismayed by suffering: Act 16:19-24.
2. Undisturbed by insult: to be shamefully entreated when on
an errand of goodwill is an encounter hard to endure.
3. Unterrified by conflict: "much contention" Phil 1:28.
Paul's conduct:
1. Characterized by unselfish love - verse 2-3.
2. Characterized by unstinting labor - verse 5-6.
3. Characterized by unspotted life - verse 10-12.

2. Message. (Verses 2 and 3)

True as to its source. (Verse 3a)
Pure as to its motive. (Verse 3b)
Dependable as to its method. (Verse 3c)
a. God is the Author of the gospel.
b. Death and Resurrection of Christ as the Axis of the gospel.
C. Holy Ghost of God is the Applier of the gospel.
d. Faith in Christ is the means by which the Gospel is
apprehended.
e. Holiness of life is the Appointment of gospel.
f. Person of Christ is the Attraction of the gospel.
g. Love is the atmosphere of the gospel.
h. Coming of Christ is the Apex of the gospel.
3. Motive (Verse 4)
"So we speak; not as pleasing men but God, which trieth our
hearts."

16


4. Manner. (Verse 5-9)

The following note taken from Wm. McDonald's I and II Thess.
studies.
a. Unhypocritical: not using flattering words. (Verse 5a)
b. Undisguised: nor a cloak of covetous. (Verse 5b)
c. Unassuming: nor of men sought we glory. (Verse 6)
d. Gentle: "but we are gentle among you." (verse 7)
e. Affectionate: "so being affectionately desirous of you."
(Verse 8a)
f. Sacrificial: "but our own souls." (Verse 8b)
g. I ndustrious: "our labor and travail." (verse 9a, comp.
Act 20:34-35)
h. Tireless: working night and day. (Verse 9b)
I. Self-Supporting: "not be chargeable (burden) unto any of
you." (Verse 90
j. Evangelistic: "we preached unto you the gospel of God."
( Verse 9d)

II. Examples of the Gospel - Verse 10.

A. The witnesses.
1. Those who believed.
2. God - and God also.
B. The walk.
1. Holily.
a. The only occurrence of this word in N.T.
b. I t describes the manner of life of Paul before God.
c. I t implies that one carefully fulfills God given duties.
2. Righteously.
a. Justly, agreeably to right; properly; uprightly.
b. This word occurs five times in N.T.
c. I t refers to Paul's manner of life before men, denoting
practical righteousness of a life given to God.
3. Unblameably.
a. Blamelessly, so that there is no cause for censure.
b. This word occurs twice in N.T., once here and again in
5:23.
c. I t refers to Paul and his associates that neither God nor
these Thessalonians could give any cause to censure
them. What a goal we should strive for today as spiritual
l eaders.
C. Workman.
Notice the negative that Paul uses to describe his labors.
1. "Not in vain". (Verse 1)

17


2. "Not of deceit (error)", "nor of uncleanness, nor in guile".

(Verse 3)
3. "Not as pleasing men". (Verse 4)
4. "neither, found using words of flattery". (Verse 5)
5. "nor of men sought we glory." (verse 6)

III. Exhortation of the Gospel - Verses 11-12.

A. Challenged Them.
1. This word "exhorted" comes from the word which "paraclete"
comes. It is used to describe the ministry of the Holy Spirit.
(Jn 14:26, 16:7)
2. I t means "to call to one's side." Summons, entreating,
exhorting, encouraging, console. Encouraging someone to go
forward.
B. Comforted Them (2 Cor 1:3-6)
1. The word "comfort" means to "speak close to."
2. Paul was concerned about these Thessalonians and he
sought to comfort them as God had comforted him.
C. Charged Them.
1. This word means to witness, to testify, to charge earnestly.
2. Paul talked straight to them to walk worthy of the one who
had called them unto His kingdom and glory (verse 12).
D. Concern For Them: Paul is seen as:
1. Abused Soldier. (Verses 1 and 2)
2. Abiding Steward. (verses 3-5)
3. Active Servant. (Verse 6)
4. Affectionate Mother. (Verses 7 and 8, "nurse" is a mother)
5. Active Brother. (verse 9)
He played the role of a brother, strong and willing to work
with his own hands in order to support himself.
6. Amazing Saint. (verse 10)
7. Able Father. (Verse 11 and 12)
8. Authoritative Pastor. (Verses 13-16)
9. Admiring Suitor. (Verse 17, "great desire")
10. Assuring Hope. (Verses 18-20)

IV. Evidence of the Gospel. (Verses 13-16)

"For this cause" looks back over the verses 1-12. Every church (and
believer) must be bold in its Biblical convictions. They received the
word of God as being inspired, inerrant, infallible, immutable
(2 Ti 3:16-17).

A. Faithful to the Word. (Verse 13)

18
 1. Appreciated the word of God - "word of God"; "heard of us".
2. Accepted the word of God - "received".
3. Approved the word of God-not as the word of men".
4. Apprehended the word of God - "it is in truth".
5. Appropriated the word of God - "effectually worketh also in
you"
6. Applied the word of God - "became followers", (Verse 14).
B. Followers of Others. (Verse 14)
Paul and the churches of Judea. He had great respect for the
faithful churches in Judea. They suffered intense persecution
and suffering, they endured and remained faithful to Christ in
their sufferings. (Acts 24:17; Rom 15:25-28; I Co 16:1-3)
1. "Suffered" does not have to do with physical illnesses or
circumstances of life, or normal human experiences. But it
has to do with suffering persecution or rejection or trials
because one is loyal to Christ and to the word of God.
2. "Persecuted" lit. means to be "chased out." Paul was chased
out of Thessalonica by violent expulsion (Verse 17; comp. Act
17:5-10). Thessalonica was not the only city Paul was
"chased out" of (See Acts 16:19, 20; Acts 16:39, 40; 17:14;
Acts 19:30-20:1).
C. Frankness of Paul. (Verse 15)
Paul's closing words are words of condemnation against his own
people, the Jews.
1. Their actions displeased God. (Verse 15)
2. Hostile to man.
3. Warns them of God's wrath: wrath waits those who reject His
plan and purpose.

NOTE #2: Treatment of:

1. Promised Christ. (Verse 15a)
2. Prophets. (Verse 15b)
3. Paul. (Verse 15c)
4. Preaching. (Verse 16a)

D. Forbidding to Preach. (Verse 16)

1. I dentity of the persecutors.
a. "Own country men". (Verse 14b)
b. "Jews". (Verse 14c)
c. "Satan". (Verse 18)
2. I nterruption: "Forbidding us to speak".
3. I ndignation: "Wrath is come upon them".

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V. Enemy of the Gospel. (Verses 17-20)

Paul explains to them his:

A. Departure: "Taken from you." (See Acts 17:5-10; lit.

"chased out", verse 17b)
B. Desire: "But we ... endeavored ... to see your face. (Verse 17c)
C. Danger: "Wherefore we would have come ... but Satan hindered
us". (Verse 18)
Satan: Hurts God's people and work
Harms God's people and work
Hinders God's people and work
D. Delight: "For what is our hope, or joy." (Verse 19)
"For ye are our hope and joy." (Verse 20)
1. Paul delighted in:
a. Calling. (I Th 2:1-4)
b. Church. (I Th 2:13)
c. Converts. (I Th 2:19-20)
d. Coming. (I Th 2:19c)
e. Crown. (I Th 2:19-20)
2. Five crowns mentioned in New Testament.
a. I ncorruptible: for running the race according to the
rules. (I Co 9:25)
b. Crown of Life: Martyrs and persecuted. (Rev 2:10;
Ja 1:12)
c. Righteousness: Those who love Christ's appearing.
(2 Ti 4:8)
d. Crown of Glory: For faithful Pastors. (I Pe 5:4)
e. Crown of Rejoicing: Victors, chaplet of triumph.
(I Th 2:19)

NOTE #3: I n verse 19 the word "coming" is used for the first time in
the epistle. There are three principle Greek words used
i n the N.T. to describe the return of the Lord Jesus:
1. parousia (Pa-roo-SEE-ah) presence
2. apokalupsis (apock-AL-oop-sis) unveiling, revelation
3. epiphaneia (ep-FAHN-ee-ah) manifestation

NOTE #4: I f you take all the times the "parousia" is used in the N.T.,
you will find they describe a period of time with:
1. A beginning: is the rapture of the saints. (I Co 15:22,23)
2. A course: includes the Judgment Seat of Christ when
rewards will be given to believers for faithful service.
(I Jn 2:28; I Th 2:19; I Th 5:23)
3. A manifestation: the return of Christ to the earth to reign as

20
 King of kings and Lord of lords. The rapture is secret, but at
the Second Advent, every eye will see Christ. (Mat 24:3;
24:27; 24:37; I Th 3:13)
4. A climax. (2 Pe 3:4) This has to do with climatic judgment of
God on the earth. Peter answers these scoffers by pointing
forward to the time, after the 1000 yr. reign of Christ.

CHAPTER 3
Comfort in Sorrow
I ntroduction.
Paul had been forced out of Thessalonica before he accomplished his
goal for them. He wanted to go back again, but Satan hindered. He
knew they were being persecuted and he wanted to help establish
these new converts. He was anxious to know about their welfare, so
he sent Timothy to visit the church and to report back to him. The
report was of great encouragement and comfort to the Apostle. The
word "wherefore" of 3:1, links back to the preceding section of
Chapter 2.

I. Positive Endeavor - Verses 1 and 2.

A. What was he concerned about.
1. He was concerned about their sufferings. (verse 1-4)
2. He was concerned about Satan. (Verse 5)
3. He was concerned about their steadfastness. (Verses 6-8)
4. He was concerned about their shortcomings. (Verses 9-13)
B. While in Athens, Paul, Silas, and Timothy made efforts to return
to Thessalonica, but their plans were frustrated (I Th 2:18). Paul
had sent Silas back to Macedonia (Philippi) (Acts 18:5). Then Paul
sends Timothy to Thessalonica, for he was not with Paul and Silas
when the church was founded. His face would be unknown and
there would be less opposition in that city. All three met in the
city of Corinth, where the epistle was written.
C. "No l onger forbear" (Verse 1a), expresses Paul's extreme interest
i n the saints at Thessalonica. When he could not stand it any
l onger, he decided to send Timothy to them (Verse 5). It means
to cover up, to conceal, and is used of a water tight vessel. Paul
says, "I kept this longing within myself as a water tight vessel."
D. "Alone" (Verse 1b), Gk. meaning to "abandon", "to leave"
( Mk 12:19; Eph 5:31). The word shows the sense of desolation

21
 which came over Paul as he faced the philosophers of Athens.

II. Personal Encouragement - Verses 2-10.

A. Minister. (Verse 2)
"and sent Timothy." There are three terms used to describe
Timothy.
1. "Brothers" - Phil (verse 2), "adelphos" (same womb).
2. "Minister" - "Servant". (II Ti 2:24)
W. E. Vine writes helpfully on the word "Minister".
a. "Diakonos" is a servant viewed in relationship to his work.
(I Co 3:5; 2 Co 3:6; Eph 3:7; Col 1:23; 25; I Ti 4:6)
b. "Doul os" is the servant viewed in relationship to his
master. (Mat 8:9; Luk 2:29; Jn 18:18; Rom 1:1)
c. "Huperetes" originally an under-rower in war-galley, later
a subordinate official who waits on the commands of his
superior. (Mat 5:25; Lk 1:4; Acts 13:5) "Attendant" 26:16;
I Co 4:1. These scriptures emphasize the servant viewed
i n relationship to his superior.
d. "Leitourgos" is a servant view in relationship to public
duties. (Rom 13:6; 15:16; Heb 1:7; 8:2) (of the Lord) or one
who performs representative service. (Phi 2:25)
3. "Fellowlabourer" - "labourers together".
B. Mission of Timothy. (Verses 2 and 3)
The word "establish" in verse 2 and the word "stablish" in verse 13
i s rendered "strengthen thy brethren" in Luke 22:32, to make
stable, to fix firmly, (Rev. 3:2).
1. To establish them. (verse 2)
From the root word "support". It carries the idea of
encouraging or supporting them in a positive way for the
battle that was ahead of them.
2. To comfort them. (Verse 2)
"comfort you concerning your faith". They did not need
sympathy in sorrow as much as they needed
encouragement not to buckle under the pressure of
opposition. "Paraklesia" from "parakeleo", to call to one's side
i n order to challenge and strengthen by the way of
exhortation and encouragement.
3. To strengthen them. (Verse 3)
Timothy reminded them that it was normal and that it wasn't
strange when they suffer severely, but they must not be
shaken or lose heart.
C. Matter of Trials (Verses 4-5)
1. The Jews were offering an easy way out of their troubles.

22
 Paul insists that they knew better. (verse 3 "yourselves")
2. Tribulation is divinely appointed to God's people; it is
i nevitable.
3. Paul in verse 4 reminds the Thessalonians that he had
repeatedly spoken to them in the past about the certainty of
tribulation in the life of the believer. Gk. "Proelegomen", in
i mperfect tense, noting continued action in past. "We kept
on telling you."
4. Trials are a necessary form of discipline in our lives.
a. They prove the reality of our faith, and weed out those
who are mere professors (I Pe 1:7).
b. They enable us to comfort and encourage others who are
going through trials (2 Co 1:4)
c. They develop certain graces, such as patience, in our
character (Rom 5:3).
d. They make us more zealous in spreading the gospel
(Act 4:29; 5:27-29; 8:3,4).
e. They help to remove the dross from our lives (Job 23:10). -

5. Persecution tests the:

Letters to the Thess. Page 44

a. Reality of our faith. (I Pe 1:6-7)

b. Stability of our love for Christ.
c. Durability of our character as saints.
6. I n verse 5, the Apostle repeats the substance of verses 1 and
2. His great anxiety was that the devil might have tricked
them into giving up their aggressive testimony in exchange
for relaxation of persecution.
D. Message Timothy Related to Paul. (Verses 6-10)
"But now" introduces a new section, suggesting that this first
epistle was written shortly after Timothy had made his report.
1. Steadfastness of these believers. (Verse 6)
a. "Good-tidings" is usually translated "gospel" elsewhere.
They were sound in their faith. Good-tidings of their
faith and love was sent to Paul.
b. Happy memories - "ye have good remembrance of us."
c. Mutual longing - "longing to see us, even as we also to see
you."
2. Specific arrangement. (Verse 7)
" We were comforted." Timothy had brought relief to the
Apostle. "Comforted" means more than soothing, it means
"strengthening". It came at a time when Paul needed it. It
was like cool water to Paul's thirsty soul (Pro 25:25).
3. Secret of Triumph. (Verse 8)
The word "if" is not intended to question their stability but

23
 to suggest that the Apostle's peace of mind depended upon
their steadfastness. He had a new lease on life. Paul was
cheered by their:
a. Healthy faith. (verse 6a)
b. Harmonious Love. (Verse 6b)
c. Heavenly Strength He Received. (Verses 7-8)
4. Sincere Thanksgiving. (Verse 9)
words fail to express to God the thanksgiving which filled
Paul's heart. His cup of joy was overflowing every time he
remembered them before the Lord.
5. Success of Travail. (Verse 10)
Paul's prayer life was not a hit and miss thing, it was habitual.
I t was specific, "that we may see your face." It was unselfish
also: "and may perfect that which is lacking in your faith."
He did not pray for their mutual welfare, but for their soul
prosperity. "And this is the best prosperity".
Mr. Telford said:
1. He prayed for assured direction. (Verse 11b)
2. He prayed for abounding love. (verse 12)
3. He prayed for abiding stability. (Verse 13a)
4. He prayed for abundant faith. (Verse 10)
5. He prayed for advancing purity. (Verse 13)

III. Prayerful Expectation - Verses 11-13.

The chapter closes with Paul's prayer for a return visit to them.

A. For Personal Visit. (Verse 11)

The verb direct means to "make straight" or "level".
Same in Luke 1:79, to remove all obstacles which Satan had put in
Paul's way, 2:18 "direct our way unto you."
B. For Profound Victory. (Verse 12)
"And the Lord make you to increase and abound in love toward
one another and all men."

NOTE #1:
I n V. 11, Paul prays for divine direction to the Thessalonians.
I n V. 12, Paul prays for divine working in the Thessalonians.
I n V. 13, Paul prays for divine approval of the Thessalonians.

1. Paul says their should be a special love (agape) shown

between those within the brotherhood. Then he continues,
"and toward all men."
2. This abounding love he prays for is to the end that the Lord
might cause them to remain firm and unmoved as they

24


press toward the goal of absolute perfection in holiness,

"unblamable i n holiness before our God and Father."

C. Presence of the Coming Lord. (Verse 13)

1. The "coming" literally means "presence." It speaks of a time
when Christ will be present. There is a question as to
whether the reference is to the Rapture of the Church or the
coming to the earth after the Tribulation. Who are all His
Saints? Are these those mentioned in 4:14; the "dead in
Christ?" Those whom God will "bring with Him." Believers
who die go to be with the Lord in spirit (2 Co 5:8). These will
return with Him to join their resurrected bodies at the
Rapture. Holy Angels will also accompany them at this time (2
Th.1:7). Believers who receive glorified bodies will come back
from Heaven to reign with Him for 1000 yrs. (Rev 20:6).
2. Please read my notes on II Thess. for a more thorough study
on the "Rapture" and the "Revelation" of Christ. Different
views regarding the Second Coming are also discussed.

NOTE #2: The difference between:

Rapture
1. I n the Air
2. For His Saints
3. I s a mystery
4. Not preceded by signs
5. Comes secretly
6. I nvolves the Church
7. Day of Christ
8. Bright and Morning Star
9. Saved will be removed
10. Believers escape Tribulation 10. Unbelievers experience Judgment
Revelation
1. To Earth
2. With the Saints
3. Not a mystery
4. Preceded by signs
5. Visible and world-wide
6. I nvolves Israel
7. Day of the Lord
8. Sun of Righteousness
9. Unsaved will be removed

I n relation to our subject, there are three terms to note.

Parousia, that is "coming". Apokalupsis, that is "revelation".
Epiphaneia, that is "appearing." These terms mean that He who
i s spoken of is personally present with those who participate in
the event (parousia is "the being or becoming present"); that He
who was formerly not seen is now disclosed to view, manifested
(apokalupsis from apokalupto, "to take off the cover"), for "we
shall see Him as He is" (I Jhn 3:2); and that this disclosure is
accompanied with the outshining of glory. He shines upon
those brought into His presence (parousia) whether we think
first of heavenly scenes or those earthly which come later.

25
Thus, we may say that these terms have a twofold
application, and are in order first in relation to heavenly
scenes and then earthly -- first, applicable to those for
whom Christ comes; secondly, for Israel and the nations
when Christ comes with His saints.

A tabular comparison of the passages in which these

three terms occur, or those closely related to them, may
help.

Coming

For the Saints With the Saints

(Heavenly) (Earthly)

Jhn 14:3;1Co 4:5,1Co 11:26; Mat 16:27,24:3,27,30,37,39;

1Co 15:23; ITh 1:10; 2:19; 25:31; Mar 8:38; 13:26; Luk
4:15;5:23; 2Th 2:1;Jam 5:7, 9:26; 18:8; 21:27; 1Th 3:13;
8 (or both); Jud 14; 2Th 2:8;2Pe 1:16;3:4; Rev 1:7.
Heb 10:37 (or both); Rev 2:25;22:7,12,20.

** Mark 13:32-37 and Luke 21:29-38 may be considered

as applicable to both.

Revelation

For the Saints With the Saints

(Heavenly) (Earthly)

1Pe 1:7; 1 Co 1:7 (A.V., Luk 17:30; 2Th 1:7-10;

"coming") Rom 8:18,19 (A.V. "
mani festation)

I Peter 4:13 may be considered as applicable to both.

Appearing

For the Saints With the Saints

(Heavenly) (Earthly)

1Ti 6:14 2Th 2:8 (A.V., "brightness")

26
 ** II Tim. 4:1,8 and Titus 2:13 may be considered as applicable
to both. I Tim. 1:10 refers to the Lord's first advent.

Appear

Mat 24:30; Col 3:4 refer to the coming with the saints.
I Pe 5:4; 1 Jn 2:28; 3:3, Heb 9:28 clearly refer to the result for the
saints consequent upon Christ having come for them.
A study of these passages establishes the two distinct parts of
the Lord's coming, shows the difference of relation as to
heavenly and earthly scenes, and necessitates an interval of time
between them.

CHAPTER 4
Consolation in Second Coming
I ntroduction.
Beginning with Chapter 4, Paul begins a new emphasis in his
epistle. In the first three chapters, he had dealt with
personal experiences. Now in this section, we have exhortation
and encouragement. The Second Coming is going to be dealt
with in the latter part of this chapter, but Paul in this first part
i s going to exhort these believers to purity of life.

NOTE #1:
1. His coming affects my conduct. (Verses 1-8)
2. His coming affects my charity. (verses 9-10)
3. His coming affects my character. (Verses 11-12)
4. His coming affects my comfort in sorrow. (Verses 13-18)

I. Provision For Holy Living - Verses 1-8.

A. Walk That is Proposed. (verse 1)
Word "ought" denotes moral necessity.
1. A life pleasing to God - "to please God." There are three
prominent words that Paul uses at the close of Chapter 3.
These are the three principal subjects of Chapter 4.
a. Holiness. (Verses 1-8)
b. Love. (Verses 9-10)
c. Coming. (Verses 13-18)

27
 This chapter opens with a plea to walk in holiness
and to please God, and closes with the translation of
the saints. Notice the similarity.
Enoch walked with God. (Gen 5:24a)
Enoch pleased God. (Heb 11:5b)
Enoch was translated. (Gen 5:24b; Heb 11:5a)
2. A life separated unto God. (Verses 3 and 4)
"That ye should abstain from fornication."
a. The child of God should maintain purity of life
because God is the Judge (Verse 6b), but also because
of his high calling in Christ to holiness (see verse 7).
b. Sanctification as used in this passage is not the
ultimate sin, nor the gradual attainment of the
Christian life; but it is the ruling condition and
atmosphere in which the believer lives.
3. A life of honor. (verse 6)
"That no man go beyond and defraud his brother."
a. "Go beyond" means to "transgress" or "overreach" or
to "take advantage of" and implies covetousness.
b. A sexual sin is a fraud against a brother because it
takes what is rightly his.
4. A life of holiness. (verse 7)
"For God hath not called us to uncleanness but unto
holiness." Sanctification is God's purpose in calling us by
the gospel. It must be learned by him (verse 4)and it
must be pursued by the believer (I Ti 2:15; Heb 13:4).
Sexual purity is demanded by God and the sanctity of
marriage should be observed.
a. I mpurity dishonors God. (Verse 5)
b. Defrauds a fellow believer. (Verse 6)
c. Despises man and God. (verse 8)
I mpurity and selfishness are opposed to the divine
will, contrary to brotherly love, unsuited to our
calling.

NOTE #2: What are the incentives we have to holy living

mentioned in first 8 verses?
1. Members of the family of God. (Verse 1)
2. Numbered among Christ's followers. (Verse 2)
3. Severed from Gentile habits. (verse 5)
4. Sobered by divine judgment. (Verse 6b)
5. Marked by Christian vocation (Verse 7)
6. I ndwelt by the Holy Spirit. (Verse 8)

28
 5 A life guided by the Holy spirit. (verse 8)
Paul is saying if a man despises these instructions, he i sn't
just rejecting the teaching of man (such as Paul's); he is
defying God himself. How can one who is indwelt with
the Holy Spirit indulge in sexual sins? Notice that all
members of the Godhead are mentioned in this chapter.
B. Will of God proclaimed. (Verse 3)
"For this is the will of God."
1. Understanding the will of God. (Eph 5:17)
2. Underrating the will of God - "fools". (Eph 5:15)
3. Undertaking the will of God - "doing". (Eph 6:6)
a. The first most important thing in this world is "being
saved and knowing it."
b. The second most important thing in this world is
finding the will of God and doing it.
C. Warranty That is Promised. (Verse 8)
" Who hath given unto us his Holy Spirit." Each believer:
regenerated, indwelt, baptized, sealed. These are "once for
all transactions by God thru the Holy Spirit" that can never
be "annulled and never repeated."

II. Proofs of Holy Living - Verses 9-12.

I n I Thess. 3:12, Paul prayed that God might make the
Thessalonians to increase in "agape" love. Now in these verses,
he asks them to increase in "Philadelphia" love. "Agape" love is
directed toward all men, while "Philadelphia" love is directed
toward our brothers.

A. Personal love. (Verses 9 and 10)

Christian love is holy.
1. Paul had taught them to love one another. (I Th 4:1-2)
2. God had taught them to love one another. (I Th 4:9b)
3. They were already practicing love to each other.
(I Th 4:10)
4. They are exhorted to increase in brotherly love.
(I Th 4:10b)
B. Plan to Follow - Paul's Instructions. (Verse 11)
Christian love is homely.
1. Study to be quiet. A worthy ambition - the word "study"
means to be "ambitious." It means tranquility of mind.
Quiet is the opposite of restlessness. Paul was ambitious.
a. Preach the gospel. (Rom 15:20)
b. Please the master. (2Co 5:9)
c. Practice a life of holiness. (ITh 4:11)

29


2. Study to do your own business. A full-time occupation.

Take care of your own affairs. There is to be no
meddlesomeness. Business of sanctification. MYOB -
Mind Your Own Business.
C. Purpose in Obeying. (Verse 12)
Christian love is honest. The word "honest" means
"becomingly" or "decently." It seems to be related to those
outside of the Christian faith.
1. "That we may walk honestly" (properly or orderly) before
the unsaved - "them that are without." (Verse 12b)
2. "That ye may have lack of nothing" - work and then you
will have need of no man to help you. The point is that
the Christian must not become a parasite.
a. There are three reasons why one should labor with
his hands.
1) To support ourselves.
2) Give to the Lord's work.
3) Help with the needs of others.
3. That we fall not into sin. Lazy, meddlesome Christians
soon become involved in all kinds of sin and hurtful
things.

III. Prospect of Glory - Verses 13-18.

The chief difficulty in the church was doctrinal, arising out of a
misapprehension about the Lord's Second Coming. The
difficulty concerned the relation of the dead saints to the living
saints at His coming. There was a fear that the departed would
be at some disadvantage in the matter of time when that event
took place. But Paul teaches them:
a. That the dead saints will return with Christ. (Verse 14)
b. That their bodies will be raised first. (Verse 15)
c. Translation of the living saints shall follow. (Verses 17-18)

NOTE #3: Something, as in the lives of Enoch and Elijah in

earlier dispensations, will take place in the life of the
whole church. Paul taught this by "the word of the
Lord" (verse 15). In the very shadow of the cross,
Jesus reveals a new and amazing revelation, which
He had not tried to teach them before, the doctrine
of translation (Jn 14:1-6). Paul calls it a "Blessed
Hope" (Tit 2:13)

A. A Hope that Rejoices. (Verse 13)

"That ye sorrow not, even as others which have no hope."

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1. The word "asleep" is a figure used frequently for death.

The Greek word used is the word from which the word
"cemetery" comes. Here it refers to the dead
Thessalonica saints.
2. Jesus referred to death as "sleep" when speaking of
Lazarus in in 11:11-13.
3. The Bible never teaches soul sleep (dead are asleep or
unconscious) "Sorrow, afflict with sadness, cause grief."
4. These believers were distressed over the separation
from their departed loved ones. Jesus' resurrection
assures the resurrection of believers (I Co 15:20-23).
B. A Hope that Reassures. (Verse 14)
1. The word "if" is to be taken in the sense of "since".
2. The grammatical structure indicates that the phrase "in
Jesus" applies to the verb "will bring" rather than "sleep".
C. A Hope that Resurrects. (Verses 15-16)
" Word of the Lord" denotes a definite statement of fact
( Rom 9:9).
"Coming".
Same word used in I Th 3:13 - refers to the bodily
1

presence of the Lord.

2. "Prevent".
Here is used in its archaic sense, meaning to "precede";
"to go before."
3. "Shall descend from heaven" (Verse 16).
This phrase is found nowhere else in the Bible.
A similar term is used in John 6:33,38,41.
4. "Shout".
a. A command or cry, by which a signal is given to men,
or as orders given to soldiers by a commander.
b. Jesus shouts three times in New Testament.
1) At the tomb of Lazarus - one man raised
(Jn 11:43)
2) At the cross - many were raised. (Mat 27:50)
3) At Second Coming - millions will be raised
(I Th 4:16-18)
5. "Voice of the archangel".
a. Michael is the only archangel mentioned in N.T.
(Jude v. 9)
b. Gabriel is mentioned as a high-ranking angel
( Dan. 8:16; 9:21; Luke 1:19,26)
c. When these high-ranking archangels are mentioned,
they are always encouraging the Nation of Israel.
d. I srael will need encouragement during the Great

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 Tribulation. Noah in the flood sustained in the ark is
a good illustration of Israel.
6. "Trump of God".
Or trumpet, a musical instrument used to give various
signals. Two kinds of trumpets used in Bible times:
a. "Shofar" - ram's horn without a mouth piece.
The shofar included both the curved (male) ram's
horn and the straight (female) mountain goat's horn.
Later these had mouthpieces of gold or silver.
b. "Silver trumpet" - straight tube about 18 inches long
and had a belly like end on it. This was used mainly
i n temple. (Ex 19:13,16; Psm 47:5; Isa 27:13; Zec 9:14;
Joel 2:1; Mat 24:31; I Co 15:52; Rev 1:10; 4:1)

NOTE #4: Trumpet used for: worship, warnings, warfare, work,

walk.
Trumpet used as a symbol of victory:
1. Fall of Jericho.
2. Day of Atonement.
3. Day of Jubilee.
4. Return of Jesus.

D. A hope that Raptures. (verse 17)

1. We are rejoined - "caught up together". Praise His name,
what a day that will be.
2. We shall be restored - "shall we ever be with the Lord."
a. We have a "preview". (Verse 13 and 14)
b. We have a "promise". (verse 15)
c. we have a "picture". (Verse 16)
d. We have a "plan". (Verse 17)
e. Paul talks about the
1) Trump (Verse 16)
2) Tomb. (Verse 16)
3) Trip. (Verse 17)
4) Triumph. (Verses 17 and 18)
E. A Hope that Refreshes. (verse 18)
" Wherefore we comfort one another with these words."
1. The coming of Christ is:
a. A Comforting truth. (I Th 4:18)
b. A Challenging Truth. (Tit 2:12,13)
c. A Cleansing Truth. (I Jn 3:2-3)
d. A Confirmed Truth (I Th 4:14)
e. A Crowning Truth. (I Th 2:19)
2. Through the centuries, God's people have been

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comforted with the truth of Christ's return. This

passage, it is said, is used at funerals more than any
other N.T. passage. A correct view of death and the
resurrection helps us to keep a correct view of life.

CHAPTER 5
Complete Satisfaction
I ntroduction.
The word "But" in verse I connects this opening paragraph with
the teaching given in Chapter 4:13-18. In 4:13-18, Paul speaks of
departed believers. Here he is going to deal with the Lord's
coming in relation to believers living on the earth. This is a
practical message for today.
1. Be ready. (Verses 1-5)
2. Be separated. (Verses 6-10)
3. Be obedient and united. (Verses 11-15)
4. Be practical. (Verses 16-24)
5. Be thoughtful. (Verses 25-28)
The first 3 verses deal with the condition of the world when
Christ comes, next 8 verses are exhortations to the church. The
world will be taken unawares, but the church should not be.
" Wrath" awaits the world in that day, "salvation" in the fullest
sense awaits the church (Verse 9).

I. Day of the Sovereign - Verses 1-11.

A. Meaning of the Day of the Lord. (verses 1-2)

NOTE #1: "Day of the Lord" and "Day of Christ".

Joel describes this awesome day as the "day of the Lord"

(Jehovah). The phrase "Day of the Lord" is used 5 times in Joel
(1:15; 2:1; 2:11; 2:31; and 3:14). Although it has reference to the
l ocal judgment God is bringing on Judah through this plague, it
speaks of a future day when God intervenes in judgment upon
the world. For example, Joel 2:31 must be speaking of a future
day of judgment because the sun was not darkened, nor the
moon turned into blood during Joel's day. Again, Joel 3:14 does
not speak of Joel's day, but a future day of judgment upon the
enemies of Israel. The plague in Joel's day was a prototype of

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an awesome day of the Lord, yet future.

To understand what is meant by the day of the Lord, one must

understand the difference between man's day and the Lord's
day.
There are four key days mentioned in the Scripture.
1. Man's Day.
a. This phrase is used in I Co 4:3 in reference to "man's
judgment." Paul says, "But with me it is a very small
thing that I should be judged of you, or of man's
judgment."
b. This man's judgment is literally man's day, having
reference to the day which is now, when men have
control over human government.
2. Day of Christ.
a. Mentioned six times in Scripture (I Co 1:8; 5:5; 2 Co
1:14; Phi 1:6,10; 2:16).
b. I t refers to the time when Christ comes to rapture
the Church (I Th 4:13-18) out of the earth taking
Christians to be with Him (Jn 14:1-3) forever.
3. Day of the Lord.
a. Speaks of the dark, gloomy day (Joel 2:1) a time of
judgment.
b. The Day of the Lord refers to the direct intervention
of God in the affairs of man after the Rapture of the
Church.
c. I t covers the Tribulation (Rev 6-19), Millennial
Kingdom (Rev 20:1-10), and the Great White Throne
Judgment (Rev 20:11-15).
d. It is not only a time of judgment on the wicked, but
a time of great blessing for the redeemed of Israel
and the Church.
4. Day of God.
a. Mentioned in 2 Pe 3:12 which has reference to the
heavens passing away, the elements melting, the
earth being renovated by fire, and the establishment
of a new heaven and earth, ushering in the eternal
state.
b. The words "destruction from the Almighty" (Heb.
"Shod" and "Shaddi") (Joel 1:15) come from the
Hebrew word "Shadad". It is a play on words
showing the comparison between the individual
(God) (Keil and Delitzsch, Minor Prophets).

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NOTE #2: The reason Paul says in verse 1,"no need that I write
unto you," is because believers will not be here in
this world when the Day of the Lord comes.

NOTE #3: Paul says in 2Th 2, in dealing with the "Day of the
Lord", these things must happen:
1. An all out Revolt against the faith. (II Th 2:3)
2. Revelation of the man of sin. (II Th 2:3c)
3. Removal of the Restrainer (II Th 2:6-7). The Holy
Spirit "removed" or "taken away" in the sense of
dealing with individual men as in this present
dispensation. Regeneration, indwelling, baptized,
sealing are all works of the Spirit and are
confined to this dispensation.

B. Method of the Day of the Lord. (Verses 3-4)

1. Mr. Rolls says:
a. I t is unforeseen: and is described as a "thief in the
night."
b. I t is unexpected: when they shall say "peace and
safety then sudden destruction cometh upon them."
c. I t is unavoidable: "they shall in no wise escape." The
word escape occurs 17 times in N.T. Escape means:
"To avoid, run off, evade, get away from."
2. Mr. Telford outlined the first 11 verses:
a. Secrecy of the Times. (Verses 1 and 2)
b. Suddenness of His Return. (Verse 3)
c. Safety of Believers. (Verses 4 and 5)
d. Soberness of Believers. (Verses 6-8)
e. Salvation of Believers. (Verses 9-11)

NOTE #4: It would help in the understanding of these first 11

verses if you would mark all these words: "you",
"they", "them", "ye", "we", "us".

C. Message of the Day of the Lord. (Verses 5-11)

There are certain requirements to go along with being
children of light. We are expected to walk as sons of light
and not as children of darkness.
1. Character of Children of Light. (verse 5)
a. Character is the expression of one's nature. Fruit
grows on trees, words come from a mind and heart,
and actions comes from a disposition.
b. Lost men are depraved and fallen and are children of

35
 darkness. (Jer 17:9; Jn 8:46; Rom 3:10-23; Eph 2:2-3)
2. Conduct of Children of Light. (verse 6)
a. "Therefore" refers back to foregoing facts.
b. Mr. Telford says "Watch" had to do with mental
alertness.
c. "Sober" has to do with moral alertness. Let others
be intoxicated by sports, shows, evil reading, vulgar
talk, watching indecency on T.V. Our emotions need
to be protected in a world that is forever playing
down to base desires in its advertisements.
d. The word "sober" in verse 6 and 8 are different in
meaning: one has to do with moral temperateness
and the other has to do with a stable, settled mind.
"Be sober" is a continuous present; be continually
sober.
3. Contrast in the Children of Light. (Verse 7)
a. Sleep and drunkenness are pre-eminently activities
of the night. Associated with night people.
4. Characteristics of the Children of Light. (verse 8)
a. Paul gives to us the picture of a soldier on duty, and
he mentions the believer's armor. Soldiers are
dressed in armor.
b. The three virtues - faith, love and hope - are to
protect the believer's heart and mind.
(See l Co 13:13)
5. Confidence for the Children of Light. (Verse 9-11)
a. The word "appointed" is not as the word
"predestinate" as in Rom 8:29, but it does place the
i nitiative and responsibility on God for our salvation.
b. " Wrath" is the anguish and tribulation associated
with the beginning of the Day of the Lord
(See verse 3).
c. I t is from this wrath that He has delivered the
Children of Light. (See Rev 3:10) Our deliverance
from wrath is associated with the death of the Lord
Jesus (verse 10). In Vs. 11, Paul tells these
Thessalonians in view of their escape from wrath,
and in view of so great salvation and in view of His
Second Coming we should:
1. Exhort one another.
2. Encourage one another.
3. Be an Example one to another.

II. Duties of the Saints - Verses 12-22.

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NOTE #5: I n these verses, we see twenty-one precepts, these
are arranged in five groups.
1. Two Commands. (Verses 12-13)
2. Four Counsels. (Verse 14)
3. Five Laws. (Verses 15-18)
4. Five Cautions. (Verses 19-22)
5. Paul closes this epistles with five desires for
all. (Verse 23-28)

A. Honor the Leadership. (Verses 12-13)

Our relationship to God is vital. It is also vital that we have
the right relationship with the people around us. Paul lists
six classes of people in the church (verses 12-15).
1. Minister or Elder, Pastor. (V. 12)
2. Fellow Members. (Vs. 13)
3. Unruly. (V. 14)
4. Faint-hearted. (VS. 14)
5. Weak. (V. 14)
6. All men. ( V. 15)
1. Appreciate the Pastor and His Work (Verses 12, 13)
a. "To know" means more than to recognize his face,
voice, name. It means to have a loving and personal
relationship with him.
b. "To esteem" means a high appreciation.
(I Ti 5:17 - "double honor")
c. Because of who he is, God's gift to the church.
(Eph 4:11-14)
d. Because of what he does:
1) "labors" among you.
2) "is over you".
3) "admonish" you.
2. ( Members) Assist the Man of God.
a. Matter of Discipline - unruly.
b. Matter of Discouragement - feebleminded.
c. Matter of Development - support the weak.
d. Matter of Deportment - those who try to get even.
( Verse 15)
3. Pray for him (Eph 6:18,19).
4. Pay him (I Ti 5:17).
B. Warn the Membership. (verses 14-15)
1. Unruly to be warned.
a. "warn" is to "put in mind", "admonish."
b. "Unruly" is a military word which means "out of ranks
or deviating from the prescribed order."

37
 C. A person who is out of step with the doctrines and
practices of the church.
d. A.W.O.L.
2. Comfort the Feebleminded.
a. Two Greek words - "little-soul" or "faint-hearted."
b. Those who look on the dark side of life and then
give up when things don't go well.
C. Nothing to do with mentality.
3. Support the Weak.
a. "Support" means "to hold firmly."
b. Those who are immature. Those who are weak and
need extra care and protection.
c. Don't let them fall.
d. Caring for the weak is like caring for a baby.
4. Be Patient.
a. Don't give up on someone.
b. Patience is the ability to idle your motor while dying
to strip your gears.
c. Patience is the ability to count down before blasting
off.
5. Do Not Render Evil for Evil.
a. World says good for good.
b. Pagan says evil for evil.
c. Christian says good for evil.
C. Strengthen the Fellowship. (Verses 16-22)
1. Rejoice evermore.
a. Means to be joyful always.
b. This is the shortest verse in the N.T. Greek, not in
11:25.
c. I t is the hardest to keep.
d. Rejoice, joy or rejoiced or rejoicing is used 18 times
i n the book of Philippians.
e. Real joy is not worked up emotion. It is a fruit of the
i nworking Spirit (Gal 5:22)
2. Pray without ceasing.
a. This admonition does not mean we are to pray 24
hrs. a day.
b. I t means to be persistent in our prayers (Mat 7:7)
Potential is always to be there.
c. Don't give up, pray until God answers our prayers or
until He changes our prayers.
3. Be thankful.
a. Here is a command to give thanks in all
circumstances.

38
 b. "Giving thanks always for all things." (Eph 5:20)
c. A sure cure for pride is thankfulness.
d. We are not to practice humility but we are to
practice thankfulness.
4. Quench not the Spirit.
a. "Quenching the Spirit" is one of the sins committed
against the Spirit.
b. The admonitions found in vss. 19-22 "quench" Gk.
(sbennute) means to extinguish a flame.
(Mk 9:48; Mat 25:8 "lamps are gone out.")
c. Paul is saying to these believers not to hinder the
free work of the Spirit of God by rejecting the
message which was given to the prophets by the
Holy Spirit.
d. Do not stifle special gifts which he had sovereignly
bestowed upon them. (5:20)
5. Despise not prophesying.
a. I n 2:13, these Thessalonians had received the
message he gave, "not as the word of men, but as it
i s in truth, the Word of God."
b. when Paul had a prophecy for them, they received it
and accepted it as being from God.
c. But when their own prophets had a message from
the Lord, they despised it. The word "despised"
means to consider "useless or nothing."
6. Prove all things.
a. "Be discerning."
b. We are to try the spirits because there are many
false prophets in the world (I Jn 4:1).
c. Greek says, "don't swallow everything that comes
along." Greek says, "sniff out like a dog on a trail."
d. Test the spoken word.
7. Hold fast that which is good.
a. "Beloved, follow not that which is evil, but that
which is good" (2 Jn 11).
b. Good word, Good God, Good Testimony, Good Wife,
etc.
8. Abstain from all appearance of evil.
a. "And have no fellowship with the unfruitful works of
darkness, but rather reprove them" (Eph 5:11). (See
Eph 6:11-12) "hating even the garment spotted by
the flesh" (Jud 23). "let us cleanse ourselves from all
filthiness of the flesh and spirit" (II Co 7:1).
b. The word "abstain" Gk. (apechesthe) means to "hold

39


back, to hold one's self off."

c. This is a present imperative; hence "constantly hold
your self back."
d. "Appearance" (eidous) means every "visible form of
every kind."
Dr. A.T. Pierson points out that there are seven
distinct frames of mind for the Christian in verses
16-22.
1. The praiseful frame (Verse 16).
Finding all God's dealing to be infinitely grand.
2. The prayerful frame. (Verse 17).
Prayer should never be unsuitable or unseemly.
3. The thankful frame. (verse 18).
Even in circumstances not pleasant to the flesh.
4. The spiritual frame. (Verse 19)
He should have full liberty in and through us.
5. The teachable frame. (Verse 20)
Any channel which God chooses to use.
6. The judicial frame (Verse 21).
Test all by the Word of God (Comp. 1 in 4:1).
7. The hallowed frame (Verses 22).
I f evil takes shape in your mind, avoid it.

III. Desires of a Servant - Verses 23-28.

NOTE #6: The two major divisions of this epistle, 1:2-3:13 and
4:1-5:22 close with a prayer.

A. Petition. (Verse 23a)

1. Paul prays for the sanctification of these Thessalonians.
2. The source is the God of peace.
3. The scope is found in the word "wholly" meaning "every
part of your being."
4. There are three forms of sanctification in the N.T.: past,
present and future.
a. Positionally every believer has been sanctified.
b. Progressive sanctification is the present setting apart
of the believer to God from the world of sin.
c. Complete and final sanctification takes place at the
Second Coming.
B. Preservation. (Verses 23b, 24)
1. Paul prays for the preservation of the Thessalonians.
2. This preservation includes the complete person - spirit,
soul, and body. Man always says body, soul, and spirit.

40
 God always says spirit, soul and body. In the original
creation of man, the spirit was of first importance, the
body last.
3. One writer says the need for preservation is as follows.
a. The Spirit.
1) Everything that would defile. (2Co 7:1)
2) Everything that would hinder the testimony of
the Holy spirit to the saint's relationship with
God. (Rom 8:16)
3) Prevent the worship which He seeks.
(Jn 4:23; Phil 3:3)
b. The Soul from.
1) Evil thoughts. (Mat 15:18, 19; Eph 2:3)
2) Fleshly appetites that war against it. (I Pe 2:11)
3) Contention and strife. (Heb 12:15)
c. The Body from.
1) Defilement. (I Th 4:3-8)
2) Evil uses. (Rom 6:19)
C. Prayer. (Verse 25)
1. Paul desires the prayers of these Thessalonians.
2. He never outgrew the need for prayer and neither do
we.
D. Personal Greeting. (Verse 26)
1. The important thing is that the greeting be holy, that is
free from hypocrisy or sin, and not impartial (all the
brethren).
2. Our handshake is equivalent to the kiss of that day.
E. Plan for the Epistle. (Verse 27)
1. Paul wants this epistle read aloud in the church, as the
Old Testament was read in the synagogues.
2. Paul charges them by the Lord. He makes it
authoritative.
F. Promise He Gave. (Verse 28)
1. Paul opens this epistle with grace and now he closes it
with the same theme.
2. Paul's Christianity was grace from the beginning to the
end.

NOTE #7: So until our Lord comes for the Church, we have:
1. Divine faithfulness. (Verse 24)
2. Definite Prayer. (Verse 25)
3. Duty Towards One Another. (Verse 26)
4. Daily Reading of the Scriptures. (Verse 27)
5. Delivering Grace in Abundance. (Verse 28)

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