Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Introduction
The LATEX document preparation Structure of a LATEX
document
system Basic commands
Structuring text
Maths
The departmental
Department of Biochemistry, RUSM handout
July 2008
1
The LATEX document
Name of the game preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Introduction
Advantages and
disadvantages
Resources
Specialties
Mathematical Society.
The departmental
LATEX TEX-macroprocessor written by Leslie handout
2
The LATEX document
Typographic design preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Introduction
Advantages and
disadvantages
Resources
Structure of a LATEX
document
Basic commands
Structuring text
Maths
É craft that needs to be learned
Changing the layout
É not about esthetics but about function: Books are Specialties
read, not displayed in a museum The departmental
handout
3
The LATEX document
Advantages preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
É Several professional styles are available that make
Introduction
documents look “like printed”. Changing style Advantages and
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Introduction
Advantages and
disadvantages
Resources
Structure of a LATEX
document
Basic commands
Structuring text
É Learning curve
Maths
É Major changes in layout may require rewriting the Changing the layout
The departmental
É One gets an eye for all the bad documents out handout
there
5
The LATEX document
Resources preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Introduction
Advantages and
disadvantages
Resources
Structure of a LATEX
document
Basic commands
Software CTAN, i.e. www.tug.org for the US Structuring text
6
The LATEX document
Boxes and glue preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Introduction
Structure of a LATEX
document
classes
Basic commands
Structuring text
Maths
É Box (letter) + Glue (space) + Box + ... = larger Box
Changing the layout
(word) Specialties
É Words are treated as boxes to form lines, lines The departmental
handout
paragraphs and paragraphs pages
É Glue can shrink and expand within limits
7
The LATEX document
Structure of a LATEX-document preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Basic commands
Structuring text
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
Maths
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc} Changing the layout
Specialties
\author{} The departmental
handout
\title{}
\date{}
\begin{document}
\maketitle
\chapter{}
...
\end{document}
8
The LATEX document
Document classes preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Introduction
Structure of a LATEX
document
LATEX Koma-Script purpose classes
Basic commands
article scrartcl journal papers, short re-
Structuring text
ports Maths
report scrreprt longer text with several Changing the layout
chapters, e.g. thesis Specialties
9
The LATEX document
Class options preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Introduction
Structure of a LATEX
document
classes
Basic commands
Structuring text
Font size 10pt | 11pt | 12pt... Maths
Specialties
equations fleqn, leqno
The departmental
title titlepage | notitlepage handout
10
The LATEX document
Input characters preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Structure of a LATEX
need them they have to be entered as TEX-commands: document
Basic commands
Special characters
\ start command $\backslash$ Hypens & Cie
~ \textasciitilde
| vert. lines in table \textbar
_ start subscript \_
^ start superscript \textasciicircum
{} command delimiter \{ \}
[] command delimiter $[ ]$
“” quotation marks ‘‘ ’’
>< tabbing $> <$
The LATEX document
Hypen, minus ... preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Introduction
Structure of a LATEX
document
Basic commands
Special characters
Hypens & Cie
A horizontal line can mean a lot of things, depending
Structuring text
on length and thickness: Maths
12
The LATEX document
Sectioning commands preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Introduction
Structure of a LATEX
document
Basic commands
Structuring text
Sectioning
É \part{} Fonts
Lists
É \chapter{} Tables and stuff
Graphics
É \section{} Maths
13
The LATEX document
Breaking down large documents preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Introduction
Structure of a LATEX
document
Basic commands
Structuring text
Sectioning
Fonts
Use separate files for, say, each chapter. One main file Lists
with limbo and commands to include the others: Tables and stuff
Graphics
14
The LATEX document
What is where? preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Introduction
Structure of a LATEX
document
Basic commands
É \listoffigures Fonts
Lists
Tables and stuff
É \listoftables Graphics
É Maths
É \printindex
15
The LATEX document
Emphasizing preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Structure of a LATEX
names etc: Staph. aureus document
Structuring text
\emph{} used for emphasizing: this is not the case Sectioning
Fonts
moon. Maths
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Introduction
Structure of a LATEX
document
\tiny microscopic font
Basic commands
\scriptsize very tiny font (subscripts)
Structuring text
\footnotesize tiny font (footnotes) Sectioning
Fonts
\small small font Lists
Specialties
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Please believe me:
Introduction
É Few swallows can turn winter into summer.
Structure of a LATEX
É Inside it’s colder than in the night. document
Basic commands
É In the morning it pulls.
Structuring text
É At noon he pushes. Sectioning
É In the evening she goes. Fonts
Lists
É Every nonsense must find an end. Tables and stuff
Graphics
Maths
Please believe me: Changing the layout
\begin{itemize} Specialties
\item{Few swallows can turn winter into summer.} The departmental
\item{Inside it’s colder than in the night. handout
\begin{itemize}
\item{In the morning it pulls.}
\item{At noon he pushes.}
\item{In the evening she goes.}
\end{itemize} }
\item{Every nonsense must find an end.}
\end{itemize}
18
The LATEX document
Descriptive lists preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Maths
end of trouble. Changing the layout
Specialties
\begin{description} The departmental
\item[gnat:]{A small animal, found in the North handout
19
The LATEX document
Enumerated lists preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Structure of a LATEX
1. first item document
Structuring text
3. third item Sectioning
Fonts
3.1 first sub-item Lists
Tables and stuff
3.2 second sub-item Graphics
Maths
\begin{enumerate} Specialties
20
The LATEX document
Tabbing preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Introduction
Structure of a LATEX
document
If it’s raining
Basic commands
then put on boots, Structuring text
take hat; Sectioning
Fonts
else smile. Lists
Maths
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
year. Lists
Tables and stuff
Graphics
\begin{tabular}{|r||c|p{2.5in}|} Maths
\hline Changing the layout
\multicolumn{3}{|c|}{\sc GG\&A Hoofed Stock} \\
Specialties
\hline
\hline The departmental
handout
\multicolumn{1}{|c||}{\bf Year} & \bf Price & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{\bf Comments
\hline
1971 & 97--245 & Bad year for farmers in the west. \\
\hline
72 & 245--245 & Light trading due to a heavy winter. \\
\hline
73 & 245--2001 & No gnus was very good gnus this year. \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
22
The LATEX document
Table (a float: not used on slides) preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Introduction
\begin{table} Structure of a LATEX
\caption{The fastest man in the world: document
\begin{tabular}{|l|c|r|} Lists
Tables and stuff
\hline Graphics
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Introduction
Structure of a LATEX
document
Basic commands
Structuring text
Sectioning
Fonts
Lists
Tables and stuff
Graphics
Maths
Specialties
The departmental
handout
É Requires \usepackage{graphicx}
É Several file formats possible depending on
dvi-driver. For pdfLaTeX pdf, png, jpg.
É Convert other formats e.g. with IrfanView or Gimp.
É other optional arguments like width, angle, size
24
The LATEX document
Figures preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Introduction
Structure of a LATEX
document
Basic commands
Structuring text
Sectioning
\begin{figure}
Fonts
\caption{A view of our campus. } Lists
\label{fig:Campus} Tables and stuff
\centering Graphics
\includegraphics[height=0.3\textheight]{Graphics/Campus3} Maths
\end{figure}
Changing the layout
Specialties
25
The LATEX document
Text maths preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Introduction
Structure of a LATEX
document
Basic commands
Structuring text
26
The LATEX document
Display maths preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Introduction
Structure of a LATEX
document
if a and b are legs of a right-angled triangle and c the Basic commands
c2 = a2 + b2 (1) Maths
Math environments
Basic math commands
(Theorem of Pythagoras). Changing the layout
Specialties
if $a$ and $b$ are legs of a right-angled triangle
The departmental
and $c$ the hypotenuse, then handout
\begin{equation}
c^2=a^2+b^2
\end{equation}
(Theorem of Pythagoras).
27
The LATEX document
Formulas preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
q p
x5
Introduction
x1 x2 + 3
y Structure of a LATEX
document
Basic commands
x^5 x_1 \sqrt{x^2+\sqrt[3]{y}} Structuring text
Maths
Math environments
Basic math commands
1 n Changing the layout
Specialties
x2 +y2 +z2 n−k The departmental
x +y handout
Z∞ n
X
x3 ai
i=1
−∞
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Introduction
Structure of a LATEX
document
Basic commands
0 Maths
f (x) = − sin x (3) Math environments
Basic math commands
Z x
Changing the layout
f (y)dy = sin x (4) Specialties
0
The departmental
handout
\begin{align}
f(x) & = \cos x \\
f’(x) & = -\sin x \\
\int_{0}^{x} f(y)dy & = \sin x
\end{align}
29
The LATEX document
Internal Counter + parameters preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Introduction
Structure of a LATEX
Change parameters: document
Basic commands
The departmental
handout
\setcounter{page}{0}
\addtocounter{page}{10}
30
The LATEX document
Horizontal distance preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Structure of a LATEX
document
Here we have \hspace{2cm} \SI{2}{cm} distance. Basic commands
Structuring text
Maths
Specialties
The departmental
\, very small distance handout
31
The LATEX document
Vertical distance preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Here
Introduction
Structure of a LATEX
document
Basic commands
Structuring text
Maths
Here parameters
Distances
Text position
\vspace{2cm} Specialties
The departmental
handout
is \SI{2}{cm} distance.
32
The LATEX document
Centering text preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Introduction
Structure of a LATEX
In document
Structuring text
middle I don’t
Maths
feel
Changing the layout
so marginalized Counters and
parameters
Distances
Text position
\begin{center} Specialties
The departmental
In\\ handout
the\\
middle I don’t\\
feel\\
so marginalized\\
\end{center}
33
The LATEX document
Flushright text preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Introduction
Structure of a LATEX
document
Basic commands
Structuring text
Maths
This is not a political statement Changing the layout
Counters and
parameters
Distances
Specialties
This is not a political statement
The departmental
\end{flushright} handout
34
The LATEX document
Indexing commands preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Introduction
Structure of a LATEX
document
Basic commands
Structuring text
Maths
simple gnat\index{gnat}
Changing the layout
subtopics gnat\index{gnat!size of} Specialties
The index
page range \index{gnat|(}...\index{gnat|)} List of acronyms
Bibliography
reference \index{gnat|see{mosquito}} Slide presentations
TeX-ing
35
The LATEX document
Acronyms preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Introduction
Structure of a LATEX
Assume the following list of acronyms: document
Basic commands
\begin{acronym} Structuring text
\end{acronym} Specialties
The index
List of acronyms
Bibliography
Slide presentations
36
The LATEX document
BibTeX preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Database for literature references in ASCII-format. Can
be produced from many programs like EndNote, also Introduction
Maths
TITLE= {Evolution of enzyme function and the
Changing the layout
development of catalytic efficiency},
Specialties
JOURNAL= {Biochemistry}, The index
The departmental
ABSTRACT= {Catalytic efficiency constant kcat/Km handout
defined },
DOI= {10.1021/bi00670a032},
LANGUAGE= {engl}
}
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Introduction
Structure of a LATEX
document
Basic commands
Structuring text
Maths
The departmental
handout
38
The LATEX document
TEXing preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Introduction
Structure of a LATEX
document
Basic commands
Always use the sequence: Structuring text
cross-references TeX-ing
The departmental
LATEX resolve remaining cross-references handout
39
The LATEX document
Packets used in dept. handout preparation system
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
makeidx index generation
Introduction
natbib clean handling of bibliography
Structure of a LATEX
siunitx \SI{}{}, \num{}, \ang{} document
Maths
graphicx inclusion of diagrams
Changing the layout
color colored text Specialties
amsmath math fonts and characters The departmental
eufrak font for arrays + vectors handout
Dr Engelbert
Buxbaum
Introduction
Structure of a LATEX
document
Basic commands