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HOANG PHU NGQC TUGNG thue hign
KY NIEM DA LAT 100 NAM
phong van nguyén bat tuy
Lai nguai viet: Nguydn Bat Tuy la
mt nha khoa hoc chuyén nghién citu ve
ngdn ng hoc va dan ic hoc nt ruta thé’
ky nay, vdi khodng mt tram cong tink
dé, dang va sé hodn thanh at rude 1975,
va hau hét d&u chute duge xudt bdn .
Sul im lang kh gidi thich nay da deo
dudi Sng gin sudt doi nguidi. Ly do, cb lé
di 86 phdn ky la vdn thing thich chon
in$tvaingudti dé bay cuge choi; nlumgtéi
nighirdng inde hél chin la bdi nhulng lap
thuyét cila dng trén nhidu link vec, thi du
v8 ng Giao, dat Giao, nguéti Giao,
(ngudn gde nguiti Vigt) la quad mdi mé
tnidc nhutng dink kitn da didge thiét dp
b8n chat nt nghin ndin v8 nai gidng va 1b
3 tin, huy&n thogi va lich si... Khéng phdi
Nguyén Bat Tay vA HPN. Tire py ngutot cd thdin quy8n 8 phdn dodn v8
nhuing y tutdng ctla ng, nhutng tdi tin chde
mall ad a mot tri neg lon a" — phd ranking ngon ngudn chafa biét
dén cla van héa ddn i6c.
T6i dén tham Ong d nha riéng so 54 phd Tang Bat Hé, Da Lat, ditge nhin
thy trén nhitng ke sdch, kh0i kegng dd so nhutng cong rrink cila Nguyén Bat
Tuy xép chdng chat dudi dang bdn thdo, hogc nhitng tai ligu ma chi cd minh
Ong cé thé dgc ra. Long ti hOt nhién kinh hai khi ne hdi: “Co 1é nao tated kho
fing vo gid kia sé lai chim vao scam lang bat kid tri, doi dién voi hoan ednHOP LUU $6 18 . tang 84.4 [1444 193
nghi¢t nga cua chinh bdn than tdc gid: tudi cao, than bjnh, sOng déc than phdi
ng lo ly cdi dn cdi mac hang ngay trong mt gdc phd cao nguyén hodn toan
bi¢t lap vdi nhitng dong nghi¢p co hoc van cua Ong d trong nude va hdi ngogi.
Téi han hanh duge tiép 2aic vdi maitre Nguyén Bat Tuy trong dip Da Lat
100 nam (1893-1993), ma tdi cdm nhdn theo cdch cla Marquez: “Mét tram
nam cé don”. Qud shat gitn hai mucoi nam qua, Nguyén Bat Tuy bj ddly vao than
phén cila mOt tri thitc sng lu day trén chinh qué huong minh. Cugc trd
chuyén giita chuing t0i dutgc gidi thi¢u sau day dudi hinh thitc mot cugc phong
vdin, ndi ding hon, la tdi xin nhuténg loi cho Nguyén Bat Tuy.
Hoang Phi Ngoc Tudng
Da lat, 1,1, 1994.
Hoang Phi Ngoc Tung: Nhiéu ngudi cho rang Nguyén Bat Tuy la mot
nha Lap thuy€t, dé dua ra nhitng khdm phd mdi mé trong cdc linh vue ngon
ngit - ma anh thitang goi la hoc ng@, va dan t6c hoc, anh thich goi la hoc din
va tditcd nang hc tri tug dé trd thanh mot ngudi lap thuyét é anh Igi la mot qud
trinh nt hoc. Toi dé nghi chung ta bdt dau nt ditu nay. Thdi sch vd cua anh,
cd quan trong khéng, doi vdi cong vige cuia anh sau nay?
Nguyén Bat Tyy: 16i sinh nim 1920. TOi khéng co bing c4ip Dai hgc. Dau
Brevet Elémentaire va bling Thanh Chung 6 Ha Noi, quang 18 tudi, namsau
44u Tu Tai Phdp I. Vao trudng Budi dé hoc Tu Tai Todn. Ching m6t tuan,
di xe dap bj né I6p, t6i phai sta xe nén dén dp tré, Vien gidm thi, ma t6i cdn
nhé tén la De Rosario mat sét t6i, n6i ring ngudi Viet Nam ludi bi€ng, khong
khd duge. T6i gién qué, néi thang ring 101 khong cn hoc vdi cdc Ong, toity
hoc duge thi. T6i nudi tham vong lm “Tu Dien” va lam lai “Lich Sd” ngay
ta hBi con tré,
Qué v4y, hdi mudi ba tudi, doc sd Viet Nam, t0i khOng tin Idi may Ong dd
Nho ndi vé ngudn g6c phudng Bac ca ngudi minh, vé Hong Bang, Hing
Vuong, Au Lac: ti khong tin...
—Anh khong tin sy¢ in tai ctla Hing Vitong?
— Dé la mt tén do cdc nha Nho bay d4t cing nhu chuyén 18 ddi Vua
Hang. Vdi nang tén gid tao.
‘T6i nu6i chf ti tré, muGn tim cho ra sy that minh [a ai. Dén hic bé trudng
Budi t6i khéng hé tiéc, T6i tin 6 tri nhd va tri thong minh cda minh vi khid
trudng t6i lun ludn 1a hoc trd xudt sic. Ra ddi t6i tinh sé sOng khong khé
khan, kh6ng c&n bing cp, ma chi cinco chi ty rén luyén. TOi vin nght ngay
cd thién tai cing phi fa ti cOng voi sy kién nbn Iu dai: trén cdc bing cdp
van c6 su hge.
T6i vao Nam nam 1943, d lai ludn. S6ng bang nghé day hgc tai Sai Gon,
ma chl day tu d nha. Hi con 6 Ha NGi t6i cé hgc tiéng Nhat, dge duge sich194 HOP LUU s6 18
va vit duge nhing lun vin bling Kanji. TOi da bo viéng Nhat tit nda thé kj,
hign nay t6i dang day ting Nhat, la dé On lai.
Ngoai ra, (61 day Anh, Phép va ai cing biét ring, vdi hai ngOn ngd nay,
{Oi todn Ung khdu ra bal. TOic6 mot ky nigmve Nhat, Tuy vin day ve 16i, lim
phién djch Nh4t-Phap cho hang Citroen d dudng Et-Banh (rue d'Espagne),
i Iuong baing ngudi Phdp ho cing trd (300 dng) vi hang nay bj ngudi Nhat
kiém sodi, 161 biét Nhl sip thua Urn, Mac da vita mdi lat duge Php, Nhdn
dip nay (61 muGn tiép xtc vai hg fin chét a€ “thye hanh” cdi hoc cua minh,
Nhung (6i cai co luOn vdi ngudsi Nhdt, khihg noi ring ngudi Viet Nam hay
in cp. TOi wing khang djnh: ngudi Viet yeu, khOng ain cudp duge, ma bj boc
K6t, nén ain eaip. Ba thang sau t6i thOl vige. TW 46 sudt 40 10i day hoe dé s6ng,
ma nhéit dinh khOng di day d trudng.
Ching han vio khodng dau n&im 1960, dng Lé Tuyén, Khoa trudng Dai
Hoe Su Pham Hu€ nai ni 16i day ngén nga d dd, nhung (61 4 phai khude Wh,
Nam 1971, vi¢n Dai Hoc Van Hanh mdi t6i toi day Cao hoe Ngon nga vi
nhiing dieu ki¢n uu diva ti cding khong nh4n Idi. Ngay dén Dai Hoc Da Lat
nay cting di hai fin mdi Oi khOng két qua.
‘TOI ty hoe chi Hin, cha Nom, tiéng Hoa khng thao kim. Ti€hg Nhl cé
thé doc bao, néi chuyén, viel bai nho nhd, Mét chit ting Pile va dang tién
hanh ting Nga kha t6t dep thi bd ngang, Nam 1983, khi thé vong vi thai dd
khOng t6i eda Ong Pham Vein Dong (Xem dudi kia). Ti chd trvdng phai hoc
nhieu ting ndi cua dan soi, vitin ring “ngudi Vigt", We ngudi Kinh, rat gain
gUi vdi cae dAn the 86 il, nha 14 LW khi diet them ve titng Mudng. ‘Thdm chi
(i dA bd nda nam hoe tiéng Mi Lal, nhung sau 18 nAm gidl phdng, nhidu
hiéu biét ngOn ng@ cua 161 eung da duge “gidi phOng” khdi du ri! May ma
(i cOn gid duge tail cd trong cde vj tigng ma ti da bien sogn.
— Sut khdm phd daw tién va ¥ nghia nhdit dita anh di su vdo cong vige
nghién cragiéng Viger?
— Vihoe tiéng Anh, ma (i tim ra dae diénngon nga Anh ma chinh ngudi
Anh khOng biét. Thuyét BO Cham (degré de contact) la ti tim ra wr ngon
ngd Anh va dem so vdi ngi Viet (t0i gol JA Ng@ Giao). Sau ndy hoc chal than,
di su vao phitn thiét, wi thay cde cy di dge sai di nhidu ch@ Han. TOi tim
ra Han xua, NOm xva va Hin nay, NOm nay khéc nhau xa lm. Thi dy cht
Nho Giao, phién la: C6 + Hao + Thici, nhu vay xuta dgc la Kao, ing vai dang
Kiao xifa cua chi Hin.
‘TW dG, 16i viel cudn “Che Va Van Viet Khoa Hoe”, vay no 10% dé cd
thém tién in sich nim 1949. In xong khOng ban dude, nhung cae nha ngw hoc
Phap nhu Gustave Meillon, Frangois Martini, nhl la Maurice Durand cong
nhdn ring thuy@t ctia t0i hodin taain mdi Ig va déing dé suy ngdm. Sach nay,
sau gidi phong, cing dugc “gidi phing" ra chy A€ goi thit, gdi cd rat nhidu.
— Day chinh la Thuyét D6 Cham, phaikhOng? Mong anh danh mot it thaiHGP LUU s6 18 195
gid dé gidi thigu r6 hon; toi nght rang nhiZu ngudi dang ldng nghe anh.
—Ngudi Au phan biét 4m thanh theosonorité, nghia 1a theo tinh kéu tic
sy rung dng cia mang hau trong c6. Toi ph4n biét theo hoat dng d cdc bo
phn khac d migng. Khi ching cham vdi nhau manh hay yéu ma thanh 4m
khdc nhau. Vé sau doc vai (4c phdm nghién edu thyc nghiém 16i thy ngudi
MY ciing cOng nh§n rang “tinh kéu” khong quan trong cho sy phdt Am.
Nho vay tdi tim ra nhitng cap am mui [ong va chat (m,n, ng) ma My, Au
khOng biét.
Ngay trong tiéng Anh, 6 sing (hdt) 14 mot 4m mang cda mai chat, trong
khi d song (bai hat) 1 mOt 4m mang cia mii long - cd hai phién 4m quéc té
déu chua bang » . Nhung theo tdi, 4m chat phdi thém $ (déu mé dtrén).
Sy phan biét nay nhé sy déi chiéu vdi tiéng Viet, trong dé ben canh soong
(4m cuéi lng) c6 song (4m cudi chat). Nguge lai, minh c6.xinh (nhu sing),
4m cui chat, ma it c6 xing (4m cui Ing).
Am nudu (sau ring) c6 giong mai, ngudi Anh chi chua biingx. Thuc ra
cing c6 hai loai: léng: /n/sau a, , trong an, on va chat: /f/sau i, u, nhu trong
in, tin (thiéc), kin (ba con) sun (mat tréi).
Am méi gigng mii cang vay, ngudi Anh chi biét m6t 4m /m/ trong khi
thuc ra laic6 2
— Am [éng /m/sau a, 0: dam (44p nudc), Tom (ten ngudi)
~ An chat /fi/ sau i: dim (t6i) him (nd).
Ngay m trudc b va sau € cing co ging chat: remember (nhd), September
(thang chin), November (thang 11), December (thang 12).
Dit biet tiéng some (vai) 66 /m/ long, nhung something (cai gi 46) cd/m
Omiéng nhieu ngudi.
‘Téi nhé mot nha ng6n ngit Mj (ma ti quén tén) cd nh4n thay sy khdc
biét nay, nhung trong sdch ho, ho chua /m/thanh mp, vi tudng ring cépsau
m
Chinh sy phn biét /éng /chat nay 44 quyét dinh cho gigng thitdng | ngdn
ctia Am chinh duing trudéc. N6 ciing gidng gidi nhdng sai bit vé phat Am cua
i gida mién Bac va mién Nam cua ta trude cdc Am mal Ay. Thi dy xin: /n/ 3
Bac, sau /i/ thudng /fy dNamsau /i/ngdn/.
itu ny cing nh§n thy vai cdc dm migng ngay trong tiéng Anh: ldng /d/
trong bid (ra Iénh); chat f/ trong bit (mm)
dng /b/ trong nib (mai nhon); chat i/ trong lip (méi)
nén /n/ ting vai /d/ thé nao thi /A/ ting vai A/ thé dy, chdng han c6 didu la
cdc 4m mii chat khé phat 4m 6 dau tiéng, nén ngudi ta khé nh§n ra chung.
— Thuyét D6 Cham dita tdi nhuitng higu qud ting dung nao trong vigcnghién
citu tiéng Vigt ctla anh? Niutng cong trinh khoa hoc anh da thyge hign?
—Nhdsyf phan biét nay ma khi bat @iu su nghien citu cdc tiéng Thucgng,
161 43 nh4n ra rét nhiéu nhing cap 4m ma ngudl Au khong tit.196 HOP LUU s6 18
Nam 1960, tdi hoan tét quyén Phonologie Vietnamienne (Hoc Am - Idi
‘Vigt Nam) 500 trang, gui cho LM Cao Van Luda, vién trudng vién Dai hoe
Huf dé yeu cu vign xudt ban, Ong rét hoan nghénh va yeu cu t0i viét ra
tigng Vidt dé Vign in. TOi ra Ving Tau ngdi may thing dé vig cudng Hoe
Am_- Loi Vigt Nam. Toi ldy mtd gidy gidi thiéu cia Ong dé di nghién edu
nhu mot Co su.cda Vign Dai hoc Hué trong thoi han v6 djnh. Nha vay ma
(6i c6 thé di nhigu trong thoi gian khd khan d6, sudt mudi nam trdi. T6i
khdng bao gid quén hanh dong sang suét cda L.M. Cao Van Ludn, va so vi
Ong, TG Hu (da dé cp trong mot cude phéng vin khdc cda t Tudi Tré Chul
Nhde) chi fA mt bing md, 44 khign (61 udng cOng tim dén.
Nhufng ban “tiéng Vigt" eda t0i cGing da gap phdi mét “bong ti” khdc:
Khoa trudng Van Khoa Hu, vn sinh Han, 4a chéing d6i nén sich khOng in
duge. DEn day (Oi g4p mOt ¢6 thac si vé ng phap va tu uit hoe ngudi Php
(agrégée en Grammaire et philologic) la cd Martine Piat. Cé doc cuén
Phonologie cia t6i va rat khen nggi. CO cdn ndi da viet vé Trung Tam Quéc
Gia ay ién ie Hoe coe ee recherches scientifi-
ques) d Paris rang néu thuyét cda Ong Tuy duge chép nhan thi chung tasé
phai lamigi tdted ning gi da lm tit may thé ky nay.Saudé chung t6i thudng
cling di nghién edu voi nhau d ving ngudi Bru d Quang Tri, va nhan dip a6.
tOi di chi cho cé rét nhiéu hién tudng ngdn ngi xa la déi voi cd. Thdm chi
khi thdo lugn c6 khOng ngiin ngai ding nhingh tiéng Phap chuyén mon ma
(Oi dat ra. CO biét thém hing cp dn hau d cd phat ra cé ldng va chet, tam
chua a /q/ va /@/ (4m edn hu), hay /h/ va /f/ (Am ép hu).
Sau nay mOt ngudi Phdp thu hai duge t6i hudng d4n vé 4m thanh Cham
la LM. Moussay gid d6c Trung Tam Van Héa Cham d Phan Rang. Tdimd
Agoge mOt chut: sau nay c6 nha van Ng6n Vinh, nhdn quan hé cua t6i vdi ng
Moussay, ma (6i Id “thugng khéch”, ¢6 bdo t0i la “nhdn vién cda Moussay”
dé chyp mi toi trong quyén Fulro, Tap Doan Toi Ac -ké xu a4 xui bay Ngén
Vinh, 161 thifa biét la ai trong Phan vién Khoa hoe xa hdi mi¢n Nam, nhung
ti khOng néu tén ra dy lam gi.
Khong nhdng Ong Moussay biét hai cap 4m hau ké trén ma con hiéu ve
hing cp khdc: im Idng / va Am chat /V Am long /f) va 4m ehgt /r/. Nn Ia
nhdng dm plu dai rat xa la A6i voi ngudi Au, trong khiné la nén tang cia sy
phat dm dau trong ngon ngd Cham nhv thdy duge phan bigt ré rang trong
quy€n Dictionaire Cham - Vietnamien Francais mati +h cho dudng I6i
biénsoan. O60 A c6 mOt luén dn tién si vé 4m thanh Cham dy
i Hign tugng
phd bién d ngOn nga Ma Lai - polinédiéng ma t0i ggi tt a Né thdi. Va co
thé ndi riing h¢ th6ng ngdn ng? Nam A duge bién tinh bdi loai 2m phy dai
nay, ticdn *HOP LUU 36 18 197
Ngoai glin 20 vj ting (tite ty vj) ma t6i da soan cn d dang thé,
sean ro trong dé nghi vin hda gdi Ong Lé Dudn dau
nim 1976, t0i da khuyén cdo phai lap ra nganh “Hogc-Giao-Mudng” dé cd
thé bién soan mt quyén dién ting Giao - Chg ra hon.
‘TOI cOn danh rt nhieu thi gid'va phudng ti¢n vao mot t4p d6i chiéu ng6n
ngi cua 1.000 ting Keo Che (tiéng fist) aa gai vdi nhiing dang ngdn nga
tren. Vi vay, (0 1 ngudi duy ahd nghién edu vé cdi ma ngudi ta ggi la nga
4m lich si mOt cach chinh xc va cd thé lap hang trim ban dé ngén ng cho
ting ting, nh 16 chide Ce Drasemi da lam d Phap.
— Phan ung ciia dong nghigp ve than qud nghién citu khoa hoc cla anh
nue thé nao?
— Tiée thay nhiing khém phd cua t0i qud mdi vé moi mat nén déu vip
phai thai dd hep hoi cda rat nhigu nguoi trong may chuc nim. Nguoi tri ky
nhdt cua t6i G nude ngoai, 1a Ong Maurice Durand, mot gidém 6c hge vy
(directeur d'Etudes) trung Sorbonne va iruGng ban nghién ctu d trang
Vién Dong Bac Cd. Ngay ti khi toi gdi tang Ong quyén Cluz Va Van Vigt Nam
Khoa Hoe ciia t6i, Ong da hét Idi khen nggi (1949). Nam 1960, khi t6i gdi cho
Ong mot bai bang tiéng Phdp nghién edu Am f/trong ede ngdn n, git thiéu so
d@ chung t6 gid tr thuyét “BO Cham” cua t0i dng di cho ti bigi rang bai dy
da dude ban duyét bai ca truéng Bac Co chp nhdn in, Nhung t6i vin cau
toan nen lai yéu cu dé dé, chi 161 ra mt quyén sich hdn hol. Ong bing dé
nghj truting try célp t0i mOi thing 450FF voi m6 101 ié rAt w té khi viet cho
16i (sau nay, ann Rs d Vin Khoa Hoc X4 Héi Viet Nam chyp ma
mép mdcho i ring cd mot ngudi nbn irgcAp cua Phapdelam theoy nguol
Phap,
. Sy thye nh4n rg cp, t6i da ra ditu kign vdl
er ; Durand : : se cung cp mOt tai li¢u nao ma chi gdi cho trudng
Bac C6 nhing cOng trinh nghién ctu dé in.
Tro cap ny bat dau tit 1962 dén khi Ong Durand chét ndm 1969. Thye ra
6 gitip 101 phuting ti¢n dé mua sich, chd tdi vn c6 tien riéng dé nghién edu.
Ngaysau khi Ong chét vi ung thy, ba Durand cdn viét cho t6i mOtcdu rétcdm
dong Mon mari vous aime (dui ching ti khng g4p nhau bao gid) il me I'a dit
et cela quelques heures avant sa mort; Ong cing khOng quén chic toi dat
nhing nguyén vong (khde thuding) eda (61, ma Ong rat hiéu.
Nauti ké vj Ong la Ong J.B, Lafont thi c6 thai dO khée han, vi t0i Diét 1
Ong ta chju anh hudng cla A.G. Baudricourt, cS vin chuyén mOncda truding
Bac C6. Noi cd vong linh cO Martine Piat (dé ty td khi ch€ 4 P6n P6t lam
cudc tin sitd Cambuchia, lic cO dang 6 Saigon sd pve Phd); cO Plat rat che
6ng Haudricourt nay, th4m chi d& ding nding tiéng nhu “c'est un fumiste”
(ké ling nh&ng), hay “sale comme Baudricourt”. Riéng tO? cing dénh gid198 HOP LUU s6 18
thdp Ong nay vé mat chuyén mOnvi da co lain chting ti thdo ludnve tinh chat
cua g ta, ma ti coi ld mOt 4m phy dai cOn s6t lai, trong khi Ong Baudricourt
chu trugng 1d mt aim ép, te Am sét (constrictive). Lé ra, 6ng phai néu ra
nhiing nhdinxét riéng cua Ong dé chung td gid tr] dp ludin cia Ong, thi Ong lai
din mot doan m6 td sai im Am g cia mot bac st ngay trudc (thu Ong toi con
gid).
|: Les voyelles Vietnamiemes: étude synchnomi-
que et diachronique (600 trang) va Les /l/ dans les langues nésiennes (=
Malayo - polynésiennes) clu Vietnam (300 trang),
Nhu vay, hai cng trinh eda t0/ gdi cho BEFEO dang dude 6ng Maurice
Durant chodanh may dé in ang photo -granvureniu ong cho biét, da bi Ong
Lafont chan lai. Ong tung thé la ching t6 dugc quyén hanh cia Ong; Ong
khng biét ring t6i dang chudn bj cd chyc cdng trinh quan trong khac dé
d6ng g6pcho trudng Bac C6. Thanh thi khi gap vai tri thc Phd p, t01 d4 gol
Ong 1 “Ké dao huyét chon van héa” (Fossoyeur de la culture) eng khOng
qud dang. Vi chéing nhdng Ong giét chétnhdng cong trinh nghiéncdunghiém
tic ma cOn ng’in edn gidi nghién cu ngdn nga hudng Idi Ve nh@ng cdi mdi
la ma (6i mu6n cOng hién.
Tuy vay, khi t6i ling 1@xa Ong nim 1970 va coi nhu doan tuyét voi trudng
Bac C6, t6i van binh tinh khong coi diéu nay ld quan trong, vi c6 sin mot
chung trinh ty minh dn hanh nhang téc phdmcda minh déu ld 1d cing ehju.
Mun c6 nhing phuGng ti¢n cing khong kh6, vi Oi da lap mot trung tm
nghin cdu nam 1973, lay en Trung Vong Nguyén Bat Tuy nghién ctu dan
ngt?(Nguyén Bat Tuy Center for Ethnologicaland linguistic Resarches). TOi
dy djnh chi cin giao mot phiin tai li@u phim anh vé hoc dn (dan t6c hoe)
cua t6i cho Cornell University d My fi khOng thiéu gi titn dé lam viée. TOi
da chudn bj cd mOt phong triێn lim nho d trudc truding BO Be Da Lat (kha
t6n kém), dé djnh mi mot vai co quan van héa quéc 1é tdi xem va yéu cau
vign trg. Tiéc thay cude gidi phéng dén qua sdm, vao ndim 1975, va moi dy
dinh cua t0i sup dé cd.
Khi Ban Mé Thudc that thd, toa fanh sy My 6 Nha Trang da phi mot dai
dign Ién tim cach ti€p xue vdi ti qua trung gian mOt dude si dday (von lA HOI
trudng HOi Vigt -My thi phai), vi biét réing (i co kha nang nghién citu khong
nho va tai ligu nghién cdu khOng it nhung (Oi da quyét tam 6 lai dé ti€p tuc
nghién edu ic cho (ron phan sy vdi vain hda dat nude, nhat ta di sau
G i Ong duge
si dy demxe dén don dé dy t6i di gap dai dign Mj, t6i da than nhién ndi “toi
khOng cn gi ngudi MY; nu dng ta mudn thi xin mdi lai nha tOi”. Ong My cd
hn hai fn nhung khdng tdi va cho nha vién dén xin 16i edn than tim.HOP LUU sé 18 199
— Dé la nguisi Phap, ngutai MY va treéde 1975, Con sau 1975, gitta tri thite
Nguyén Bat Tuy va “trf tude cach mang” swhgp tdc hai ben vi van hda dan be
che sé gap ca hdi thudn loi hon, Nguoi ta ed quyén hy vong chit?
— Kho