CELL STRCTURE : ORGANELLE

•Organelle is a minute structure in cytoplasm that has

specific function.

ORGANELLE CHARACTERISTIC FUNCTION

 NUCLEUS THE LARGEST CONTROLS ALL

ORGANELLE ACTIVITIES OF THE
HAS CHROMATIN CELL

2. VACUOLE FLUID FILLED SAC IT STORED WATER,

ENCLOSED BY AMINO ACID, SUGAR,
TONOPLAST MINERALS & WASTE
THE FLUID IS PRODUCT
CALLED CELL SAP SUPPORT
HERBACEOUS
3.MITOCHONDRION CYLINDRICAL SITE OF ENERGY
SHAPE PRODUCTION
MADE UP OF TWO
MEMBRANE UNITS
4. LYSOSOME CONTAIN DIGESTION OF
HYDROLYTIC MATERIAL IN FOOD
ENZYME DIGEST BACTERIA
ELIMIMINATE
DAMAGE
ORGANELLE
5. CHLOROPLAST LENS SHAPED TRAPS SUNLIGHT
CONTAINS DURING
CHLOROPHYLL PHOTOSYNTHESIS

6. RIBOSOME SMALL SHERICAL THE SITE OF

ORGANELLE PROTEIN
EITHER ATTACHED SYNTHESIS
TO RER OR FREE
7. CENTRIOLE SMALL FORMS SPINDLE
CYLINDRICAL FIBRES DURING CELL
STRUCTURE DIVISION IN ANIMAL
CELL

9.ENDOPLASMIC THE MEMBRANE OF RER TRANSPORT

RETICULUM (ER) ER ARE CONTINOUS PROTIEN (MADE BY
WITH THE NUCLEAR RIBOSOME) TO
MEMBRANE GOLGI BODY
PROTEIN ARE
PACKED IN VEICLES
WHICH ARE CALL
TRANSPORT
VESICLES
SYNTHESIS OF
LIPIDS
DETOXIFICATION
OF DRUGS & POISON
8. GOLGI BODY STACKS OF COMBINE
GLATTENED SYNTHESIS
MEMBRANOUS SACS PROTEINS &
GOLGI BODY BUDS CARBOHYDRATE
OFF & FORM PROCESSING,
SECRETORY PACKAGING &
VESICLES TRANSPORTING
ENZYME,HORMONE
,ANTIBODY &
GLYCOPROTIEN
B) NON CHARACTERISTIC FUNCTION
ORGANELLE
1.PLASMA/CELL MADE OF PROTEIN & REGULATE THE
MEMBRANE PHOSPHOLIPID MOVEMENT OF
SEMI PERMEABLE SUBSTANCES INTO &
OUT OF CYTOPLASM

2. CYTOPLASM JELLY LIKE MATRIX MEDIUM FOR

MEDIUM WHICH BIOCHEMICAL
ORGANELLE ARE REACTIONS
SUSPENDED
CONTAIN ORGANIC
& INORGANIC
SUBSTANCE.
3. CELL MADE OF GIVE SHAPE TO
WALL(ABSENT IN CELLULOSE PLANT
ANIMAL CELL) PERMEABLE TO ALL PROVIDES
FLUIDS MECHANICAL
SUPPORT FOR THE
ANIMAL CELL DIFFERENCES PLANT CELL
SIZE

SHAPE

CELL WALL

CHLOROPLAST

VACUOLE

FOOD STORAGE

CENTRIOLE
 DENSITY OF ORGANELLE IN SPECIFIC CELLS
ORGANELLE TYPE OF CELL FUNCTIONS

1.MITOCHONDRION SPERM CELL ENABLE THE TAIL OF

THE SPERM TO SWIM
FLIGHT MUSCLE CELL CONTRACTS & RELAX
(BIRDS & INSECTS) FOR MOVEMENT
APICAL MERISTEMS CELL DIVISION
2. CHLOROPLAST MESOPHYLL PALISADE ABSORB SUNLIGHT
CELL DURING
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
3. GOLGI BODY INTESTINAL EPITHELIUM SECRETE MUCUS
RESPIROTORY TRACT GOBLET CELL
ROOT CAP SECRETE LUBRICANT
4. RER PANCREATIC CELL SECRETE ENZYME &
HORMONE
SALIVARY GLANDS SECRETE ENZYME
5. SER LIVER CELL DETOXIFICATION
 CELL ORGANISATION.
ITEM AMOEBA SP. PARAMESIUM SP.
CHARACTERISTIC Inner cytoplasm is Outer surface is
called endoplasm covered by cilia
Outer cytoplasm is Cilia involve in
called ectoplasm. feeding & locomotion
Move & feeds using
pseudopod – false foot
HABITAT Most species live in freshwater ponds & lake
Amoeba can be found mostly in muddy area
Paramesium in ponds which rich in decaying
organic matter
RESPIRATION Gases exchange by diffusion across the body
surface/ plasma membrane (takes O2 & releases
CO2)
EXCRETION Waste product are expelled by diffusion
Its contractile vacuole contract to controls
osmotic pressure by expeling excess water
FEEDING Amoeba engulf food by The beating of the
a process phagocytosis cilia along the oral
Amoeba feeds using groove sweeps water &
pseudopodia suspended foods into
cytoplasm
2 pseudopodia extand
out & enclose the food Food vacuole is
particles forme, foods are
Food particles are digested hydrolitic
packaged in food enzyme.
vacuole & fuses with Digested foods then
lysosome & digest with diffuse into the
lysozimes resulting cytoplasm
nutrients absorbed into The undigested
cyctoplasm & materials are released
assimilated through the anal pore.
LOCOMOTION Using pseudopodium Using rhythmic
It moves by beating of the cilia
cytoplasmic projection This action enables
by extending its the paramecium to
pseudopodia. move forward while
rotating & spiraling
along its axis.