THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE HUMAN HEART

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1. The human heart contains _________________ chambers.

2. The two upper chambers are the __________________.

3. The two lower chambers are the __________________.

4. _________________ receive blood returning to the heart.

5. _________________ pump blood out of the heart.

6. The muscular wall of the left ventricle is thicker than the wall of the right ventricle because the left ventricle needs to pump

blood to _________________________________________.

7. The right ventricle only needs to pump to ___________________________.

8. The heart ___________________ allow blood to flow in only one direction.

9. __________________________________ is the valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle.

10. __________________________________ is the valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle.

11. __________________________________ located at the point where the pulmonary artery and aorta leave the heart.

12. __________________________ blood from the lungs enters the left atrium via the _____________________________ and is

pumped through the ____________________ to the rest of the body.

13. __________________________ blood from the rest of the body enters the right atrium via _______________________ and is

pumped to the lungs through the ____________________________.

THE CIRCULATION OF BLOOD IN HUMANS
The pumping of the heart

1. The wall of the heart is made up of _______________ muscles.

2. ___________________ muscle is __________________, means that ii contract and relaxes without the need to receive

impulses from the nervous system.

3. The contraction of the heart is initiated and coordinated by a _________________________, which located in the wall of

the right atrium.

4. _______________ is a cluster of specialized heart muscle cells that sets the rate at which the heart contracts.

5. The heart’s primary pacemaker is called the ______________________________.

6. From the ____________________, the impulses reach the ___________________________. The __________________ is

located at the floor of the right atrium. From the ___________________ specialized muscle fibres called

_____________________, ____________________________ and _____________________________ conduct the signals

to the ventricles, causing the ventricles to contract and push blood out to the lungs and body.

7. the pacemaker itself is regulated by two sets of nerves.

8. the ______________________________ slow down the pacemaker while the ______________________________ speed

up the pacemaker.
9. the pacemaker are controlled by __________________________ which called _________________ or

_____________________. The hormone will increase heartbeat rate during moments of fear or threat.