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Exchange of ideas generate the new object to work in a better way whenever a person is
helped and cooperated by others his heart is bound to pay gratitude and obligation to
them. To develop a project is not a one-man show. It is essentially a collective work,
where every step taken with all precautions and care. Therefore our first duty is to thanks
all persons who took pain in completing this project.
Firstly, we thank Mrs. RACHNA SETHI, who gave us inspiration to do work in this field
and gave us her precious time whenever needed. Thanks may be matter of merely
formality but with us it is expression of heartfelt gratitude to our project supervision. We
are highly indebted for her gestures, invaluable suggestions and boosting confidence to
make this successful. The success of this work is mostly due to her suitable guidance.
We also thank our class fellows and friends, who helped us a lot during our project work.
CERTIFICATE
SIGNATURE
INDEX
1. PROJECT INTRODUCTION
1.1 OVERVIEW
1.2 DISADVANTAGES OF THE MANUAL SYSTEM
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
1.4 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
2. PROJECT MANAGEMENT
2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.2 PROJECT PLAN
2.2.1 SOFTWARE PROCESS MODEL
2.2.2 PROJECT TEAM STRUCTURE
2.2.3 RISK ANALYSIS & MANAGEMENT
2.2.4 TIME-LINE CHART
2.3 COMPLEXITY TABLES
2.4 FUNCTION POINT ANALYSIS
4. DESIGN
4.1 INTRODUCTION
4.2 DATA DESIGN
4.3 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN
4.4 INTERFACE DESIGN
4.5 SCREENS DESCRIPTION
CHAPTER 1
PROJECT
INTRODUCTION
1.1 OVERVIEW
The exact talent of a student cannot be judged, however hard a student may attempt,
during the stipulated period of 3 hrs in the final exam.
Hence, Delhi University has earmarked 25% marks to be awarded to the college
students on the basis of their individual performance during their stay in the college.
The university has advised the teachers that the internal assessment should be objective
rather than subjective.
The marking scheme of the INTERNAL ASSESSMENT SYSTEM is grouped in 3 different
categories i.e.
10% for house examination marks,
5% for the attendance &
10% for assignments and project submitted by each.
The students secure only what they deserve out of the above mentioned 3 categories.
1.2 DISADVANTAGES OF THE MANUAL SYSTEM
2. Too many calculations done manually leads to chances of errors which in turn can
disrupt the final outcome of the software.
3. There can be threat to the security of the records, since anyone can easily
access and modify these.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
This software also enhances the security features (by using passwords) that are void in
the traditional ways of implementation of the information storage.
1.4 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
The user is allowed to access the software only if he enters the correct password.
Thereby, providing security from unauthentic users .
Each lecturer marks daily attendance and at the close of the session, marks not
amounting to more than 5% are awarded to each student depending on the
percentage of lectures attended by each to the total lectures.
Similarly, marks obtained in the house examination are taken into consideration
& on the basis of actual performance each student is awarded marks at the
close of the session which don’t exceed 10%.
Thus various records to be maintained are:
1. User information
2. Course year
3. Semester
4. Current semester
5. Subjects
6. Faculty information
7. Faculty & subjects
8. Database of the students
9. Students attendance
10. Internal assignments/project
11. House examination marks
12. Total internal assessment marks
USER INFORMATION
The security of the software will be maintained with the following inputs:
username
user id
password
COURSE YEAR
year no.
year description
SEMESTER
semester no.
course year no.
CURRENT SEMESTER
current year
SUBJECT
subject name
subject code
semester no.
course year no.
FACULTY INFORMATION
faculty name
faculty code
semester no.
year
enrollment no.
university roll no.
student’s name
birth date
father’s name
mother’s name
address
phone no.
STUDENTS ATTENDANCE
ASSIGNMENTS / PROJECT
PROJECT
MANAGEMENT
2.1 INTRODUCTION
Project management involves the planning , monitoring and control of the people ,
process and events that occur as software evolves from a preliminary concept to an
operational implementation.
Effective software project management focuses on the 4 P’s :-
THE PEOPLE
Before a project can be planned, product objectives and scope should be established,
alternative solutions should be considered and technical and management constraints
should be identified.
Objectives identify the overall goal of the product from customer’s point.
Scope identifies the primary data, functions and behaviours that characterize the product.
Alternatives enable managers to select the best approach given constraints imposed by
technical interfaces , personnel availability , delivery deadlines
and budgetary restrictions.
Thus, the product factor helps to define the accurate cost estimation , effective risk
assessment and a manageable project schedule.
THE PROCESS
A software process provides the framework from which a comprehensive plan for
software development can be established
Framework activities are populated with tasks , milestones , work products and
quality assurance points. These activities characterize the software product and the project
team.
Umbrella activities i.e. software quality assurance , software configuration management
and measurement overlay the process model.
THE PROJECT
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.2 PROJECT – PLAN
To solve a particular problem, the project team must incorporate a development strategy
that encompasses the process, methods and tools. This strategy is often referred to as a
process model or a “SOFTWARE ENGINEERING PARADIGM”. The use of a particular
process model or software paradigm is based on the nature of the application.
The following points state the need of a particular software paradigm for development of
a software.
This is sometimes called the Classic Life Cycle or Linear Sequential Model.
It suggests a systematic approach to software development that begins at the system level
and progress through analysis, design, coding, testing and support.
SYSTEM/INFORMATION
ANALYSIS
ANALYSIS DESIGN CODE TEST
ENGINEERING
The following are the activities that the Linear Sequential Model applies:-
Design
This phase focuses on the software architecture, data structures, tables, flow diagrams,
interface representations and procedural details. The design translates requirements into
a presentation of software that can be assessed and reviewed before code generation
begins.
Code Generation
The design developed above has to be translated into a machine-readable form. The code
generation step performs this task.
Testing
After the code has been generated, program testing begins. Testing is done to uncover
errors and ensure that defined input produces the actual results as required by the user.
Support
This is a phase when software will undoubtedly undergo change after it is delivered to the
customer. Change will occur because errors have been encountered, because the
software must be adapted to accommodate changes in its external environment, or
because the customer requires functional or performance enhancements. Software
support/maintenance reapplies each of the preceding phases to an existing program
rather than a new one.
Advantages
Best applied to programs with low modularity because of the higher volume of
communication needed
Risk analysis and management is a series of steps that help a software team to
understand and manage uncertainty. Many problems can plague a software project. A risk
is a potential problem-it might happen, it might not. But regardless of the outcome, it’s
really a good idea to identify it, assess its probability of occurrence, estimate its impact,
and establish a contingency plan should the problem actually occur.
Types of risk
PROJECT RISK
They identify potential budgetary, schedule, personnel, resource,
custom potential and requirements problem and there impact
on software project. They threaten the project plan.
TECHNICAL RISK
They identify potential design, implementation, interface
verification, and maintenance problem. They threaten the quality
and timeliness of software to be produced.
BUSINESS RISK
They often jeopardizes the project or the product and
includes market risk, strategic risk, management risk and budget risk.
Risk strategies
REACTIVE
A reactive strategy monitors the risk project for likely risk and set aside
resources to deal with them, should they become actual problems.
Software team does nothing about risks until something goes wrong.
PROACTIVE
A proactive strategy begins long before technical work is initiated. Potential
risks are identified, their probability impact is assessed, and they are ranked
by importance.
Risk analysis
Risk avoidance
Risk monitoring
Risk management and contingency plan
Risk management
Divide the work among team members properly to meet the deadlines.
Try to finish the work at least 10 days before the deadline, as many changes have
to be incorporated after that.
Keep a check on the costs and resources so that they do not exceed the estimates.
2.2.4 TIME - LINE CHART
2 DESIGN
Files complexity
24(sem,subcode,enr
no.,uni rno,student
name,att. mrks (out
INTERNAL of 5), assign mrks
1 (Internal
ASSESSMENT (out of 10), house AVG
assessment
RECORD exam marks (out
record)
of 10), mrks of each
sub(out of 25), total
mrks (out of 125) )
NO. OF
INPUTS 5 X 3 = 15 0X4= 0 0X6= 0 15
NO. OF
OUTPUTS 3 X 4 = 12 0X5= 0 0X7= 0 12
NO. OF
FILES 8 X 7 = 56 0 X 10 = 0 0 X 15 = 0 56
NO. OF
QUERIES 5 X 3 = 15 1X4= 1 0X6= 0 16
REQUIREMENT
ANALYSIS
&
MANAGEMENT
3.1 INTRODUCTION
Requirement analysis is a software engineering task that bridges the gap between
system level requirements engineering and software design.
System
level
engineering
Requirement
analysis
Software
design
The software requirements analysis may be divided into five areas of efforts:-
Problem recognition
Recognition of basic problem elements as perceived by the users.
Specification
States the goals and objectives of the software, describing it in context of the
computer based system.
Review
Changes to the specification may be recommended.
Analysis Principles
2. It should provide facility for updating the next semester on the completion of last
one.
5. It should be able to maintain records for attendance, assg, house examination for
each semester.
9. At the end system should be able to sum up all the above mentioned marks out of
25 for each subject and finally out of 125.
Analysis model
ENR
NO.
SEM
UNIV. PH.
YEAR ADD
NO. ROLL NO NO.
YEAR DESC. .
NO.
NAME
HA
COURSE SS SEMESTER FATHE
STUDENT
YEAR SS R
NAME
MOTHER
NAME
HA
S
FACULT
Y FACULT
CODE Y
SUB. SUB
NAME
NAME CODE
HA FACULTY ARE
FACULTY SS FRO SUBJECTS
SUBJECTS M
HA
S
HA
S
HA
S
LECT.
ATTEN
ASSG. TOTAL
CURR D MAR
SUBMTD MARKS
. K
YEAR (125)
HOUSE
CURRENT TOTAL
STUDENT STUDENT
INTERNAL
SEMESTER ATTENDENCE ASS/PROJECT EXAM.
ASSESSMENT
MARKS
TOTA OUT
L MARKS ASS OF 25
PROJECT
LECT. SCORED (10)
SUBMTD
ATTD.
HA (10)
SS
3.5 DATA FLOW DIAGRAM
LEVEL0
COURSE INFO
ADMIN STUDENT RE
FACULTY INF
LEVEL1
STUDENT
DETAILS
CHAPTER - 4
DESIGN
4.1 INTRODUCTION
Design phase of the software development deals with transforming the requirements of
the client into a form implement able using a programming language.
Software design is applied regardless of the software process model that is used.
Beginning once software requirements have been analyzed and specifies, software
design is the first of three technical activities—design, code generation, tests that are
required to build and verify the software.
A good software design is a series of step-by-step procedures to do the desired act.
Data Design
It transforms the information domain model created during analysis into the data
structures that will be required to implement the software.
Architectural Design
It defines the relationship between major structural elements of the software.
Interface Design
It describes how the software communicates within itself, with systems that
interoperate with it, and with the users who use it.
D
M
COMPONENT
LEVEL
DESIGN
INTERFACE
DESIGN
ARCHITECTURAL
DESIGN
DATA
DESIGN
4.2 DATA DESIGN
USER INFO
1. USER CHAR 30 M --
NAME
PASSWORD NUMERIC 6 M --
3.
COURSE YEAR
SEMESTER
CURRENT SEMESTER
FACULTY
S NO. FIELD TYPE LENGTH MANDATORY(M) PRIMARY
OR KEY
OPTIONAL(O)
4 TOTAL NUMERIC 2 M --
LECTURES
5 LECTURES NUMERIC 2 M --
ATTENDED
STUDENT’S ASSIGNMENTS / PROJECT MARKS
NUMERIC 3 M YES
2. SUBJECT
CODE
NUMERIC 4 M YES
3. ENR NO.
NUMERIC 2 M --
4 MAX MARKS
NUMERIC 2 M --
5 MARKS
SCORED
STUDENT’S HOUSE EXAMINATION MARKS
M
1. CURRENT NUMERIC 2 YES
YEAR
SEMESTER
M
2. NUMERIC 3 YES
SUBJECT
CODE M
3. NUMERIC 4 YES
ENR NO. M
4 NUMERIC 2 --
TOTAL
MRKS M
5 NUMERIC 2 --
MARKS
SCORED
STUDENT INTERNAL ASSESSMENT RECORD
FACULTY &
SUBJECTS
4.4 INTERFACE DESIGN
4.5 SCREENS DESCRIPTION
LOGIN SCREEN
The access of the system is given to the faculty & the administrator.
SEMESTER ALLOTED
This screen lists the current semester allotted to the teacher who has logged in.
The teacher selects a particular semester
SUBJECTS ALLOTED
This screen gives details of the subjects allotted to that teacher in that particular
semester.
When the teacher selects a particular subject, the foll. menu screen is displayed
SUBJECTS INFORMATION
This is a subject menu screen. It has the following options.
ATTENDANCE RECORD
ASSIGNMENT / PROJECT RECORD
HOUSE EXAM RECORD
The teacher selects one of these options.
ATTENDANCE RECORD
It lists the total lectures delivered by the teacher & lectures attended by each
student in that particular subject.
ASSIGNMENT/PROJECT RECORD
This screen gives the details of the assignment & project work submitted by each
student in that subject.
ADMINISTARTIVE USE
This is a menu screen having the following options
FULL COURSE INFORMATION
CURRENT SEMESTER
FACULTY INFORMATION
This screen gives the details of the faculty displaying their name and code.
CURRENT SEMESTER
This is a menu screen listing the prevailing semesters
When the administrator selects one of these semester, the following menu
screen appears
SEMESTER INFORMATION
It has following options
FACULTY & SUBJECTS
DATABASE OF STUDENTS
INTERNAL ASSESSMENT
DATABASE OF STUDENTS
This screen shows the database of all the students of that semester.
INTERNAL ASSESSMENT CALCULATION
This screen lists the option for the calculation of internal assessment
ATTENDANCE MARKS
ASSIGNMENT/PROJECT MARKS
HOUSE EXAMINATION MARKS
TOTAL INTERNAL ASSESSMENT
ATTENDANCE MARKS
Here the attendance marks out of 5 of each student for each subject in that
semester are calculated & shown.
ASSIGNMENT/PROJECT MARKS
It shows the assignment marks calculated of each student out of 10 for each
subject in that semester.