Combining the above results, LY yt BY; ~ox{E) a Subsitution of the above results into Eq, (20.4) gives where = 3.167,y=14 have been used. Substitution of y= 21.0 yields ¢=0.708 = 70.8%. 2.1: m,,4=8.00 g and charge = -3.20x10° C 3.20107 © a) m, <= 2.0% 10", ve -1.6%10" C 8.008 _ 93310" and“ =8.58x10%, 207 Tg D) yay = Ny 21.2: cuent = 20,000 C/s and ¢ =100 ss =10~ s Q- f-2.00€ n= — 2 = 1.2510". 1.60% 10 C 21.3: The mass is primarily protons and neutrons of m =1.67 x10 kg, so: n= 70.0 ke pada" 1.67x10" ke About one-half are protons, so 7, = 2.10 x10 =x, and the charge on the electrons is given by: Q = (1.60x 10 C)x (2.10 x10) = 3.35 x 10? C. =4,19x10" 21.4: Mass of gold= 17.7 g and the atomic weight of gold is 197 g/mol. So the aumber of atoms A, x mol = (6.02 x 107)» (ete, 41% 107, a) n,=79x541x10" = 4.27% 10" q=n, x1.60 x10? C= 6.83% 10°Cb) n, =H, =4.27%10™. 1.80 mol = 1.80 x 6.02 x10” H atoms = 1.08 x10™ electrons charge=—1.08 x10" «1.60 x10 C=-1.73 x10° C. 21.6: First find the total charge on the spheres: 2 23 q= ane FP? = fare, 4.57 x10) 0.27 =1.43 x10 C And therefore, the total number of electrons required is n= qe =1.43x10"* C/1.60x10"° C=890. © Ane, 21.7: a) Using Coulomb’s Law for equal charges, we find: 2 F=020N=—- 4 35 g = 55x10 = 7. x10 C. Anz, (0.150 my b) When one charge is four times the other, we have: 2 F=0220 N= a =>q= V1.375 x10 C? =3.71x107 C 4nzy (0.150 my’ So one charge is 3.71 x10” C, and the other is 1.484 10° C. 21.8: a) The total number of electrons on each sphere equals the number of protons. 0.0250 ke 0.026982 ke/mol b) Fora force of 1.00 x 10* Nto act between the spheres, 2 F=10° N--£5 q= y4re_ (10* N) (0.08 my =8.43x10% C. 7 =n) =¢/e= 5.27 «10 ©) nf is7.27%10" of the total number. n =n, =13%N,x* =7.25 «10%, The force of gravity nmst equal the electric force. 1 ¢ oe 60x10? cP © Ane, (9.1110 kg)(9.8 m/: mg= = ss = 25.8 m? = r= 5.08 m. Ane, r21.10: a) Rubbing the glass rod removes electrons from it, since it becomes positive. 7.80 nC = (7.50 10 C) (6.25 « 10! electrons/C) = 4.69 x 10! electrons (4.69 x10" electrons) (9.11 x10 kg/electron) = 4.27 x10 ke. The rods mass decreases by 4.2710 kg, b) The number of elecirons transferred is the same, but they are added to the mass of the plastic rod, which increases by 4.27 x 10° ke. 2.11: F, is in the +.x- direction, so F, must be in the — x-direction and g, is positive. Rak, ign elt "3 "a 4, = (0.0200/0.0400)'g,|= 0.750 nC 6 Wd: a) F= zi = 0.200N-= 1_(0:550%10" Chan Arey Arc, (0.30) = gq, =43.4x10% ©. b) F = 0.200 N, and is attractive. 21.13: Since the charges are equal in sign the force is repulsive and of magnitude: kq? 3.50 x 10% C)* at. 5010 CY Loran r Azz, (0.800 m) 21.14: We only need the y-components, and each charge contributes equally. _1_ Q.0x10* C)(4x10° ©) Ane, (0.500 my’ ‘Therefore, the total force is 2F = 0.35 N downward. Fa sin a =0.173 N (since sin a= 0.6). 21.15: F, and Fare both in the +x-direction. Re lee - 6.749x10°N, R= _lael 1.124 x10 N ie B F=F,4+F,=18%10°N, in the +x-direction. _ x10 N-m?/C*) (20. x10 €) (2.010% C) WAG: Foy (060m) = 0.100 N