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SECOND CONDITIONAL

a) Look at the sentences in bold in the questionnaire. Answer these questions.

1 Are these sentences about real Of imaginary situations?

2 Are theyabout: a) the past? b) the present OT the future? B How do we make second conditionals?

4 Which modal verbs can we use instead of would in the main clause?

TIP! • Even if'" it doesn't matter whether the situation in the ifclause exists or not: I'd take theboohs bach, even if r had to pay a fine.

ALTERNATIVES FOR IF

b) Look at the alternatives for if in blue in the questionnaire. Fill in these gaps with provided, assuming and as long as.

i and .. mean 'only if (this happens)'.

2 ..• _ • ..•.. means 'accepting that something is true',

q) Choose the correct words in these rules.

• Imagine and suppose have the same meaning/different meanings.

• We can use imagine and suppose as an alternative for if in questions/ positive sentences.

TIP! • We can say provided or providing and suppose or supposing. d) Check in IDI p 131.

If you needed paper for your of home, would you steal it

Provided no one was looking, I'd take as much CiS I needed. No, I wouldn't. I'd be terrified. of someone seeing me.

Assuming I couldn't buy any on the way home, I might toke a bit ..

5 Supposing you couldn't find a parking space in tewn, WQuid you park in o private car park?

oj No, I wouldn't. If they clamped my car, I'd be stuck there all day ..

b) Of course I WOUld .. Wouldn·t everyone?

c) Yes, I would, providing I wosn't going to be very l.on.g.

3A Vocabulary and Grammar

G a} Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

1 If someone .QJf_~r~1_ Coffer) you a

job in the USA, ..... _ ...... _ .. you ...... .... _.

(accept) it?

2 1 (nor take) the job if my

family .. (not want) me to.

3 If the pay ._. .. __ (be) really good,

1 probably (accept)

the job.

4 I . . (might go) even if the

money (not be) very good.

s If they (not offer) me full

medical insurance, I (not

take) the job.

6 If I .. .... .. (get) there and I .

(not like) it, I . . (come)

straight home .

b) Work in pairs. Compare answers .

a) Read these questions and answers. Are both words/phrases possible?

If not, choose the correct one.

1 A Suppose/Provided you found a lottery ticket and it had the winning number, would you collect the money?

B Yes, I would, imagine/assuming I couldn't find the owner.

2. A Imagine/If your best friend had nowhere to live, would you let him/her come and live with you?

B I'd let him/her stay with me as long eslprovided it wasn't for too long.

3 A If/Suppose some friends asked you to look after their four cats for a month, would you agree to do it?

B No, I wouldn't, even if/provided they paid me!

4 A Imagine/AS long as you saw a man being attacked in the street, would you try to help him?

B Yes, I might, suppose/provided I wasn't alone.

b) Work in pairs. Compare answers. Then take turns to ask each other the questions . Answer for yourself.

Work in groups. Group A ~ pIl7. Group B ~ p120. Follow the instructions.

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" a) mD listen to these sentences. otice the contractions (I'd, you'd, etc.) and the weak forms of have and had.

1 II I'd known about it, I'd have /'dvl come.

2 If you'd told me, I could have ksv! helped you ..

3 She wouldn't have /'dv/ been upset if you'd called her.

4 If Fred bad /'dd/ studied harder, he might have /'dv/ passed.

b) mil listen and write five sentences. You will hear each sentence twice.

fJ 1m II listen and practise. Copy the contractions and weak forms.

I wouldn't have lavl met her. ~ If I hadn't gone to the party, I wouldn't have lavl met her.

" a) Read about Jim's terrible evening. Fill in the gaps with the correct fonn of the verbs in brackets.

1 It J1J.igb.thg.V_{1,.f?~ftJ1 .. (might be) better if I_ (take)

the bus to Juliet's party last night.

2 If Mary _ (tell) me she was going. 1 _ _ __ __

(could ask) her for a lift.

3 1 .. _ .• __ . _ (not park) in the street if 1 (know)

there were car thieves in the area.

4 lIl_~ (not leave) my car unlocked, the thieves

_ (might not steal) it.

s If Mary __ . __ . (not give) me a lift home, I don't know

where 1 .. _._ _ _. __ (stay).

6 My parents (be) very worried if 1 __ _

(not come) home last night.

b) Work in pairs. Compare answers. What happened to Jim last night? How did he get home?

38 Vocabulary and Grammar

a) Read about an unsuccessful robbery. Answer the questions.

In 2005 two men tried to rob a gas station in Poulsbo, Washington. They told the salesgirl to put all the money from the cash register into a bag, but they didn't realise that there were only eight dollars in it. They drove away with the money, but soon got lost because they weren't from that town and they didn't have a map. They finally drove into a gas station to get directions. Unfortunately for them they'd driven back into the same gas station. The salesgirl had called the police, who were interviewing her when the robbers returned.

1 How much money did the robbers steal? 2 Why did they get lost?

3 Where did they end up?

4 Why had they gone there?

5 What do you think happened to the

robbers?

b) look at the text in 9a) again. Write four sentences about things that would, could or might have happened if things had happened differently.

If the salesgirl hadn't opened the cash register, the robbers might have hurt her.

c) Work in pairs. Compare sentences. Are your partner's sentences correct?

it right!

a) Make notes on six interesting things that have happened in your life. Write them in the order they happened.

1998 - passed my medical exams

2002 - met Pedro at my cousin's wedding

b) Make third conditionals to describe how life would have been different if these things hadn't happened.

If I'd failed my medical exams, ! might have become a teacher.

a) Work in pairs. Take rums to tell each other about the things you wrote in lOa). Ask follow-up questions if possible.

b} Tell the class two interesting things about your partner's past.

EXERCISES

1.1 Put the verb into the correct form.

1 If I _ ... ~.t:1.~.w ... his number, I would phone him. (know)

2 I WQ.I,I.l..:::!!1:k .. l:>.I,l'y' that coat if I were you. (notlbuy)

3 1 " " you if I could, but I'm afraid J can't. (help)

4 We would need a car if we . ... _ in the country. (live)

5 If we had the choice, we __ __ . __ . __ _ .. _ .. _. . in the country. (live)

6 This soup isn't very good. It __ better if it wasn't so salty. (taste)

7 I wouldn't mind living in England if the weather ,.' better. (be)

8 If 1 were you, I .. __ .. (not/wait). 1 now. (go)

9 You're always tired. If you ...... .. -. to bed so late every night, you

wouldn't be tired aU the time. (not/go)

10 I think there are tOO many cars. If there so many cars (not/be),

there .. .... __ .. _ .. so much pollution. (not/be)

Write a sentence with If ... for each situation.

1 We don't visit you very often because you live so far away . .. .l.f.Y9.U,_.:::!,it:l.t:1~"f;Ji_v_~: _~9._f.:lr._~~~Y •. w.!I!~4 .'(!~i.tY.Q.I,l .. m.Q.!w, .~.t:1 ......

1 He doesn't speak very clearly - that's why people don't understand him.

If he .. more _ , people ..

3 That book is too expensive, so I'm not going to buy it.

If the book ' , I - ' - .

4 We don't go out very often because we can't afford it.

5 It's raining, so we can't have lunch in the garden.

6 I have to work tomorrow evening, so I can't meet you.

Write sentences beginning I wish ....

1 I don't know many people (and I'm lonely). .. . .l..w.i.~h.JJ:t:1.t;!.w.m.qr.t;! .. p.~!?p.l.~ ..

2 I don't have a key (and I need one). I wish .

3 Ann isn't here (and I need to see her). . _. __ ..

4 It's cold (and I hate cold weather). . _. __ , __ __ _ _._.

5 I live in a big city (and I don't like it). . .

6 I can't go to the party (and I'd like to). . " .

7 I have to work tomorrow (but I'd like to stay in bed). . .

8 I don't know anything about cars (and my car has just broken down).

9 I'm not lying on a beautiful sunny beach (and that's a pity).

Write your own sentences beginning I wish ....

1 (somewhere you'd like to be now - on the beach, in New York, in bed etc.)

I wish r __ __ ._ __ .. __ .. .. __ ._ _ .

2 (something you'd like to have - a computer, a job, lots of money erc.)

3 (something you'd like to be able to do - sing, speak a language, fly etc.)

4 (something you'd like to be - beautiful, strong, rich etc.]

UNIT

38

77

EXERCISES

Put the 'Verb into the correct form.

1 I didn't know you were in hospital. If ,,_r~.~.n_qw:n ... (IIknow),.Jwpu.I.~.I1~V.~,g9.''l.~ .... (IIgo) to visit you.

2 Ken got to the station in time to catch his train. If... ..

(he/miss) it, , (he/be) Late for his interview.

3 It's good that you reminded me about Ann's birthday. .. , , .. , ..

(I1forget) if , (you/not/remind) me.

4 Unfortunately, I didn't have my address book with me when I was in New York. If

............. ,., (I1have) your address, , .

(I1send) you a postcard.

S A: How was your holiday? Did you have a nice time?

'8: It was OK, but , ' (we/enjoy) it more if

..................... , , (the weather/be) better.

6 I rook a taxi to the hotel but the traffic was very bad. .. .

(it/be) quicker if , (I/walk).

7 I'm not tired. If (lIbe) tired, I'd go home now.

8 r wasn't tired last night. If (IIbe) tired, I would have

gone home earlier.

Write a sentence with if for each situation.

1 I wasn't hungry, so I didn't eat anything.

".IU~ .. 11~~!'1. .hl,l.09.r:Y. • .!. w.pu.l.t<I .. h~.v~.~.I:I.~". ~.Q.m~kh.i.I:l.9, ..

2 The accident happened because the driver in front stopped so suddenly.

If the driver in front , , , .

3 I didn't know that George had to get up early, so I didn't wake him up.

If I ., , , , .. , .. , , , , .. , .. , , , .. , .. , , .. , , ..

4 I was able to buy the car only because Jim lent me the money.

5 Margaret wasn't injured in the crash because she was wearing a seat belt.

6 You didn't have any breakfast - that's why you're hungry now.

7 I didn't get a taxi because I didn't have any money on me.

Imagine that you are in these situations. For each situation, write a sentence with I wish .... 1 You've eaten too much and now you feel sick.

You say: ... I .. wj.E?~.!.~.I:I.~n:~.#._!.a.~~rl_~_q.m."'.¥.~ r.,;

2 There was a job advertised in the newspaper. You decided not to apply for it. Now you think that your decision was wrong.

You say: I wish I , , ,., , ..

3 When you were younger, you didn't Learn to playa musical instrument. Now you regret this.

You say: , .. , , , .. , .. , .. " , , , ,., , , , .. , .. , , .. , , ..

4 You've painted the gate red. Now you think that it doesn't look very nice.

You say: , ' , ', .. , .. , , ..

S You are walking in the country. You would like to take some photographs but you didn't

bring your camera. You say: , , , .. , , .. , .. , , ,

6 You have some unexpected guests. They didn't tell you they were coming. You are very busy and you are not prepared for them.

You say (to. yourself): , .. , , , , .. , .. , , , , , .. , .. , , .. , .

UNIT

39

79