PpapA JpXzv_bpsS `mj

PpapA JpXv_ amXr-`m-j-bn-em-Imtam? Ad-_n-bn Xs¶ thWtam? tIcf apkven§Ä¡n-Sbn C¶pw

CsXmcp XÀ¡ hnj-b-am-Wv. JpÀ-B-\nsâbpw lZo-kn-sâbpw aZvl-_n-sâ Cam-ap-I-fpsS A`n-{]m-b-§-fp-sSbpw
shfn¨¯n Hcp sNdnb hni-I-e-\-amWv ChnsS Dt±in-¡p-¶-Xv.
PpapA JpXv_ F¶m hAvZv (D-]-tZ-iw) BIp¶p
“kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-tf, shÅn-bmgvN Znh-k-¯n \a-kv¡m-c-¯n\v hnfn-¡-s¸-«mÂ, AÃm-lp-sh-¸-änbpÅ ZnIvdn-
te¡v (DÂt_m-[-\w) \n§Ä thK-¯n hcnI (kq-d: Pp-apA--þ9)” F¶ Bb-¯ns\ hni-Zo-I-cn-¨p-sIm−v
{][m\ JpÀ-B³ hymJym-Xmhpw kzlm-_n-bp-amb C_v\p Aºm-kv(-d) ]d-bp¶p “ZnIvdp-Ãmln F¶m Cam-
ansâ hAvZv (D-]-tZ-iw) F¶mWv.” (X-^vkoÀ _K-hn). DÂt_m-[\w ^e-s¸-S-W-sa-¦n t{imXm-¡Ä¡v a\-Ên-
em-I-p¶ `mj-bn-em-IWw. ssZh-Zq-X-cpsS `mj-sb-¡p-dn¨v JpÀ-B³ ]d-bp-¶Xv “Hcp ssZh-Zq-X-s\bpw Xsâ P\-
Xbv¡v (Im-cy-§Ä) hni-Zo-I-cn¨p sImSp-¡p-¶-Xn\v th−n, Ah-cpsS `mj-bn −¶Ñ«¹ œ-ÂIns¡m-−-ÃmsX
\mw \ntbm-Kn-¨n-«nÔ (kq-d: C_vdmlowþ-4) F¶mWv. JpXv_-bn JpÀ-B³ HmXn P\-§sf DÂt_m[n¸n¡-
em-bn-cp¶p \_n(-k) sNbvXn-cp-¶Xv F¶v apkveow D²-cn¨ lZokv hyà-am-¡p-¶p. \_n(-k)-bpsS ap¶n-epÅ
P\X Ad-_n-I-fm-bXn-\m Ahn-Sp¶v Ad-_n-bn JpXv_ \S-¯n.
PpapA JpXv_ kμÀt`m-Nn-X-am-bn-cn-¡Ww
\_n(-k)bpsSbpw Jeo-^-am-cp-sSbpw JpXv_ kμÀt`m-Nn-X-am-bn-cp-¶p. {]hm-N-I³ {]kw-Kn-¡p-t¼mÄ I®p-
IÄ Nph-¡p-Ibpw i_vZw Db-cp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp¶Xmbn apkveow dnt¸mÀ«v sNbvX lZo-kn ImWmw. \_n(-
k)-bp-sS JpXv_ ]IÀ¯n-sb-gpXn AXv ]mcmbWw sN¿p-I-bà Jeo-^-amÀ sNbvX-Xv.
DaÀ(-d) JpXv_-¡n-S-bn Dkvam³(-d)-hn-t\mSv sshIn-sb-¯nbXnsâ ImcWw At\z-jn¨ kw`hw (_p-Jm-cn,
apkveow), Aen(-d)-hn-t\mSv JpXv_-¡n-S-bn kz¯h-Im-i-s¯-¡p-dn¨v tNmZn¨ kw`hw (CXv an¼-dnse
akvAe F¶v Ad-nb-s¸-Sp-¶p), XpS§n [mcmfw kw`-h-§fn \n¶v \ap¡v a\-Ên-em-Ip-¶Xv JpXv_ P\-
§Ä¡v kμÀt`m-Nn-X-am-bn- aXw ]Tn-¡m-\pÅ Hcp thZn IqSn-bmWv F¶m-Wv.
JpXv_bpsS `mj aZvl-_p-I-fnÂ
JpXv_ Ad-_n-bn-em-hWw F¶v Camw im^n-Cu(-d)-, A_q-l-\o-^-(-d)-, AlvaZn_v\p-l-¼Â-(-d),-amen-Iv-(-d)
F¶n-htcm Ah-cpsS ap¼p-Å-htcm ]d-ªn-«n-Ã. A_q-l-\o-^(-d)-bpsS A`n-{]mbw ImWpI: “(JpXv_-bpsS
^ÀZpIÄ AS¡w Ad-_n-bn-em-h-W-sa¶ \n_-Ô-\) A_q-l-\o-^(-d) ]d-bm-Xn-cn-¡m³ ImcWw Ad-_n-bnÂ
CXv \nÀÆ-ln-¡Â iÀXv (\n-_-Ô-\) AÃm-¯-Xp-sIm-−mWv ”(ZpÀdp apJvXmÀ 1/741).
im^nCu(-d) ]d-bp¶p “shÅn-bmgvN JpXv_I-fntem aäp JpXv_-I-fntem JXzo-_nt\m aäpÅ-hÀt¡m Bh-
iy-amb Imcyw P\-§-fpsS `mj-bn kwkm-cn-¡p-¶-Xn bmsXmcp tZmj-hp-anà (AÂ-D½v 1/179). JmZn
lpssk-s\-t¸mse Npcp¡w im^nCu ]WvUn-X-·mÀ JpXv_ apgp-h-\mbpw Ad-_n-bn-em-hWw F¶v A`n-{]m-b-
s¸-«n-«p-−v. F¶m CXn-s\-¡p-dn¨v AÃmam JXzo-_p-ÈnÀ_o-\n(-d) ]d-ªXv “aZvl-_nse kzoIm-cy-tbm-Ky-amb
A`n-{]mbw im^nCu(-d) AÂ-D-½n ]d-ª-XmWv ” (apKv\n 3/73) F¶mWv.
PpapA JpXv_ ]qÀWambpw Ad_nbn Xs¶bmhWsa¶v hmZn¡p¶hÀ Xs¶, \akvImc¯nse XIv_oÀ
t]mepw amXr`mjbnemImsa¶v ]ÅnZÀkpIfn ]Tn¸n¨v hcp¶p. ]ÅnZÀkn HmXp¶ ]¯v InXm_nÂ
ImWmw “C\n Ah\v Ad_n `mjbn XIv_oÀ sNmÃm³ km[n¡p¶nsæn Ah\v CjvSapÅ `mjbnÂ
AXv sNmÃmhp¶XmWv .(-]cn`mj: AÐp Akokv apÉymÀ s]m¶m\n,t]Pv 127)
PpapA JpXv_ Zplvdv Npcp-¡n-b-XÃ
Zplvdnsâ c−v dIv-A¯n\v ]IcamWv Ppap-Abnse JpXv_, AXn-\m JpXv_ apgp-h\pw Ad-_n-bn-em-bn-cn-
¡Ww F¶v NneÀ -hmZn-¡m-dp-−v. Cu sXämb [mc-W-sb-¡p-dn¨v c−mw im^nCu F¶-dn-b-s¸-Sp¶
Camw- \-h-hn(-d) ]d-bp-¶p. “PpapA \a-kv¡mcw c−v dIv-A¯pw AsXmcp ]qÀ® \a-kv¡m-c-hp-am-Wv, Zplvdv
Npcp-¡n-b-XÃ.” (i-À-lp apl-±_v 4/53). _m¦v, \a-kv¡mcw apX-em-b-h-bn ]Z-§Ä \nÀ®n-X-am-Wv. ]s£
JpXv_-bpsS ]Z-§Ä \nÀ®n-X-a-Ã. AXp-sIm-−mWv Hmtcm Jeo-^-am-cp-sSbpw JpXv_-IÄ hyXy-kvX-am-b-Xv.
\a-kv¡mcw AÃmlphn¶pÅ C_mZ¯mWvv, JpXv_ AÃmlphnsâ Iqen {]Xo£n¨v P\§tfmSpÅ
D]tZiamIp¶p. PpapA \nÀÆ-ln-¡p-t¼mÄ JXo_v Jn_ve¡v ]pdw- Xn-cnªv \n¶v P\-§-sf-bmWv A`n-kw-
t_m-[\ sN¿p-¶-Xv. am{X-aÃ, \akvImc¯n kwkmcn¡m³ ]mSnÃ, JpXv_bn kwkmcn¡mXncn¡m\pw
]mSnÃ. CXn \ns¶Ãmw JpXv_ \a-kvImcw t]mse-bà F¶p a\-Ên-em-¡mw.
PpapA JpXv_ ]cn-`mj aZvl-_nsâ Cam-ap-IÄ- AwKo-I-cn-¡p¶p
“JpXv_ Ad-_n-bn-em-I iÀXzv (\nÀ_-Ôw) BsW¶v” Camw \h-hn(-d) ]d-ª-Xns\, Xplv^-bn hnh-cn-
¡p-¶Xv “JpXv_-bpsS dpIv\p-IÄ (^ÀZpIÄ) Ad-_n-bn-em-bn-cn-¡Â iÀXzm-sW-¶mWv, AX-Ãm-¯-h-bv¡Ã”
(Xplv^ 2/241). ^ÀZp-IÄ Hgn-¨pÅ DÂt_m-[\w t{imXm-¡-fpsS `mj-bn BIm-sa¶ CtX Bibw
iÀhm\n 2/341, \nlmb 1/306, al-Ãn, CB-\-Xp-Xzm-eo-_n³ F¶n-§-s\-bpÅ {]_e im^nCu InXm-_p-I-
fnepw ImWm-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. JpXp_ {Kln¡m³ Ffp¸apÅXmhWsa¶v ]Ån ZÀkn HmXp¶ ]¯v
InXm_nepw ImWmw. JpXv_ ]qÀ®ambpw - Ad-_n-bn-em-bn-cn-¡Ww F¶ Imcy-¯n aZvl-_nsâ Cam-ap-I-
fpsS CS-bn CPvam-Av (GIm`n{]mbw) D−v F¶ tIc-f kp¶nIfpsS ]pXnb I−p-]n-Sp¯w sXäm-sW-¶pw,
P\-§-fpsS `mj-bn kwkm-cn-¡p-¶-Xns\ `qcn-]£w aZvl-_nsâ ]WvUn-X-·mcpw AwKo-I-cn-¡p¶p F¶pw
CXn \n¶pw hyà-am-Ip-¶p.
sI.Fw.auehnbpw dio-Zp-cnZmbpw JpXv_ ]cn-`mj¡v FXncmbncp¶pthm ?
apkven§Ä Ad_n `mj ]Tn-¡Â \nÀ_-Ô-am-sW¶pw A§s\ PpapA JpXv_ Ad-_n-bn Xs¶ \nÀh--ln-
¡-s¸-Sp¶ kml-N-cy-ap-−m-IWw F¶p-amWv 1926Â sI. Fw. auehn Nq−n-¡m-Wn-¨-Xv. AÃmsX, JpXv_ ]cn-
`mj sXämWv F¶v, JpXv_ ]cn-`mj \S¯nbncp¶ sI. Fw. auehn Fgp-Xn-b-n«nÃ. AXp-t]mse Xs¶,
XpÀ¡n-bnse Iam ]mj 1935 ^ÀZp-IÄ DĸsS PpapA JpXv_- ]qÀ®-ambpw amXr-`m-j-bn Bbn-cn-¡-W-
sa¶ D¯-c-hn-d¡nbXns\-bmWv dio-Zp-cnZ hnaÀin-¨-Xv. (temIm-Sn-Øm-\-¯n inÀ¡³ hnizm-k-§Ä {]N-cn-¸n-
¡p-¶-Xn XpÀ¡n- F¶pw ap¶n-em-Wv. tIc-f-¯nepw inÀ¡v {]N-cn-¸n-¡p-hm³ XpÀ¡n-bn \n¶pw A¨-Sn-¡p¶
InXm-_p-I-sf D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶p−v). am{XhpaÃ, sXfnhnsâ ASnØm\¯n alm`qcn-]£w ]WvUn-X-·mcpw
AwKo-I-cn-¡p¶ Hcp ho£W¯ns¶Xncmbn, Häs¸« ]ÞnXm`n{]mbw sXfnhmsbSp¡phm\pw ]mSnÃ.
1947 kakvX (tIc-f- kp¶nIÄ) Ah-cpsS ]Ån-I-fn JpXv_ ]cn-`mj \ntcm-[n-¡p¶p
tIc-f-¯nse ]e kp¶n ]Ån-I-fnepw ae-bm-f-¯n-em-bn-cp¶p JpXv_ \S-¶n-cp-¶-Xv. NneÀ \p_mXn JpXv_-
bpsS ]cn-`mj t\m¡n hmbn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. tIc-f-¯n BZy-ambn Øm]n-X-amb tNc-am³ ]Ån-bnÂ
\qäm−pIfmbn ae-bm-f-¯n-emWv JpXv_ \S-¶ncp¶Xvv. apPm-ln-Zp-I-fpsS ]Ån-I-fn \S-¶n-cp¶ JpXv_-IfnÂ
\n¶pw P\-§Ä bYmÀ° Ckvemw a\-Ên-em¡n ]WvUn-X-·m-cpsS Nqj-W-§-fn \n¶pw c£-s¸-Sm³ XpS-§n-
b-t¸mÄ, apPm-lnZv ]Ån-I-fnse JpXv_ tIÄ¡p-¶-Xn \n¶v km[m-c-W-¡msc XSªv \nÀ¯m³ I−p-]n-
Sn¨ Hcp IpX{´w am{X-am-bn-cp¶p, kakvX 1947 tImgn-t¡mSv ao©-´-bn h¨v ]mkm-¡nb PpapA JpXv_
apgp-h-\mbpw Ad-_n-bn Xs¶-bm-bn-cn-¡Ww F¶ ^Xvh.
JpXv_ ]cn-`mj hnjb¯n kakvX ]nfcp¶p.
temI apkveow ]WvUn-X-·m-cpsS ^XvhIÄ¡pw im^nCu aZvl-_nsâ Xocp-am-\-§Ä¡p-sa-Xnsc 1947Â
ssIs¡m− Cu ]p¯³hmZ¯n {]Xn-tj-[n¨v ka-kvX-bn \n¶v Hcp Iq«w ]WvUn-X-·mÀ cmPn-h-bv¡p-
Ibpw PwC-¿-Xp De-am-C-Êp-¶nb F¶-t]-cn Hcp kwL-S\ D−m-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ah-cpsS ]Ån-I-fnÂ
C¶pw ae-bm-f-¯n Xs¶-bmWv JpXv_ \S-¡p-¶-Xv. \pkvdXp A\mw F¶ AhcpsS amknIbneqsS ka-
kvX¡mcpsS Cu hyXnbm\w Ah-À Ct¸mgpw hniZoIcn¡mdp−v.
]cn`mjmhntcm[nIfpsS hmZ§fnse Nne sshcq²y§Ä
1. PpapA JpXv_ ]cn`mj kzlolÃ(kzoImcyaÃ) F¶pw A¯cw PpapAIfn ]s¦Sp¡p¶hcpsS
PpapA \jvSs¸Spsa¶pamWv kakvXbnse NneÀ sXän²cn¸n¡p¶Xv. F¦n 1947\v ap¼v kp¶nIÄ
\S¯nbncp¶ JpXv_ ]cn`mjbpÅ ]ÅnIfn ]s¦Sp¯v acWs¸«v t]mb FÃm BfpIfpsSbpw apgph³
PpapAbpw \jvSs¸«ncn¡ntÃ?.
2. C´y-bn ]e kp¶n ]Ån-I-fnepw C¶pw Ddp-Zp-hnepw Xan-gnepw aäpw JpXv_ \S-¶p-sIm-−n-cn-¡p-¶p. Im´-
]pcw apÉymÀ sk{I-«-dn-bmbn AJn-te´ym kp¶n kwL-S-\-bp-−m-¡n-b-t¸mÄ, kwL-S-\bv¡v AJn-te´ym
taÂhnemkap−mIphm³ th−n {]kn-Uâmbn sXc-sª-Sp¯ Ppss\Zn kmln_v, acWw hsc _mw¥q-cnse
tk«p-a-kvPn-Zn Ddp-Zp-hnembncp¶p JpXv_ \S-¯n-bn-cp-¶Xv.
3. \_n(-k) ^nXvÀ kImXmbn \ÂInbXv Imcbv¡ Bbncps¶¦nepw, aebmfnbpsS {][m\ `£Ww
AcnbmbXpsIm−v AcnbmWv ^nXvÀ kImXmbn \ÂtI−Xv F¶v ^Xvh sImSp¡p¶hÀ Xs¶,
aebmfnIÄ¡vv a\-Ên-em-Iphm³ amXr-`m-j-bn-se- JpXv_bmWv \ÃXv F¶v AwKoIcn¡m³ aSn¡p¶p.
4. lnPvd 300\v tijw CuPn-]vXn Pohn-¨n-cp¶ C_v\p \p_m-XXv F¶ ]WvUn-X³ Ahn-S-¯p-ImÀ¡mbn
X¿m-dm-¡nb-- þ\p_mXn JpXv_þ CuW-¯n sNmÃn-bm AXv F§-s\-bmWv \_n(-k) bpsS amXr-I-bm-Ip-
¶Xv?. NnebnS§fnÂ, JpXv_bv¡v apt¼m, tijtam aebmf¯n {]kwKn¡p¶Xv ImWp¶p. CXn\v \_n(-
k)bn \n¶v amXrIbpt−m?.
^ÀZp-IÄ FÃmw Ad-_n-bn BbXn\m JpXv_ \jvS-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã
amXr-`m-j-bn JpXv_ \nÀÆ-ln-¡p¶ FÃm ]Ån-I-fnepw - PpapA JpXp-_-bpsS ^ÀZp-I-fmb AÃm-lp-hns\
kvXpXn-¡Â, \_n(-k) t]cn kzemXv sNmÃÂ, XJvh sIm−pÅ hkzn--¿Xv, ]qÀ®-amb Bb¯v HmXÂ,
kXy-hn-izm-kn-IÄ¡pÅ ZpB F¶n-h-sbÃmw Ad-_n-`m-j-bn-emWv \nÀÆ-ln-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. XJvh sIm−pÅ
hkzn-¿Xvv (D-]-tZ-iw) F¶ JpXv_-bpsS ^ÀZmb `mKw BZyw Iqd¨vv kabw Ad_n `mj-bn-emWv \nÀh-ln-¡p-
¶-Xv, AXn\v tijw am{X-amWv amXr-`m-j-bn D]-tZiw XpS-cp-¶-Xv. Npcp-¡-¯nÂ, ^ÀZp-IÄ FÃmw Ad-_n-
bn \nÀÆ-ln-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xp-sIm−v JpXv_ \jvS-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã.
temI apkveo§Ä JpXv_ ]cn-`mj AwKo-I-cn-¡p-¶p.
80 cmjv{S-§-fnse apkveow ]WvUn-X-·mcpw aX-t\-Xm-¡-·mcpw DÄs¸« ‘dm_nXz’ F¶ temI-]-WvUnX
kwLS\, Ah-cpsS amkn-I-bn (1975) JpXv_-bnse ^ÀZv Hgn-¨pÅ D]-tZiw kZ-ky-cn `qcn-]-£-¯n\v Adn-
bp¶ {]mtZ-inI `mj-bn Bbn-cn-¡-W-sa¶v Blzm\w sNbvXn-«p−v. dm_nXz-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-¯n Ata-cn-¡-
bnepw bqtdm-]y³ cmPy-§-fn-ep-saÃmw \qdp-¡-W-¡n\v ]Ån-I-fn Ah-cpsS amXr-`mj-bn JpXv_ \S-¶p-h-cp-
¶p-−v. kuZn Atd_ybn kpc£m ImcW§fm Nne \nb{´W§Ä GÀs¸Sp¯mdps−¦nepw Ipssh-
¯v, bp.F.C XpS§nb asÁÃm CkvemanI cmPy§fnepw Cw¥o-jv, Ddp-Zp, ae-bmfw XpS-§nb `mj-I-fnÂ
Ahn-Sps¯ aX-Imcy hIp-¸nsâ taÂt\m-«-¯n JpXv_ \S-¶p-sIm-−n-cn-¡p-¶p. (JpXv_-bp-sS HmUntbm
Imkäv aXImcy hIp¸nse ]WvUn-X-·mÀ ]cn-tim-[n-¡mdpap−v). amXr-`m-j-bn-epÅ- JpXv_bnÂ
]s¦Sp¡p¶hcpsS PpapA \jvSs¸Spsa¦n þ InXm_v- HmXn ]Tn¨ þ temI apkveow ]WvUn-X-·mÀ AXv
t{]mÂkmln¸n¡pambncpt¶m?. Nn´n¡pI.
JpXv_bneqsS aX\nba§Ä ]Tn-¡m-\pw, JXzo_nsâ D]tZi§fneqsS XJvh ssIhcn¡m\pw AXphgn
JpXv_-bpsS ssNX\yw ]qÀWambpw DÄs¡mÅm\pw AÃmlp \s½sbÃmhscbpw A\p{Kln¡pamdmIs«
(Bao³).
Jubail Indian Islahi Centre- 033616730